2025届广东省肇庆市高要区高三下学期第二次调研模拟测试英语试题【含答案解析】

2025届高要区高三第二次调研模拟测试英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AInanageofendlessscrollinganddigitaloverload,manyfeeldrainedbyconstantscreentime.Digitalminimalismcountersthisbysimplifyingtechuse,prioritizingintentionalityovermindlessconsumption.It’snotaboutabandoningtechnologybutaboutreshapingittoenrichreal-worldexperiences.Therightappscanhelpmanagescreentime,blockdistractions,andencouragemindfulonlineinteractions.Theyofferpracticalsolutionstodigitalclutter,empoweringyoutoregaincontroloveryourtechuse.FocusMeFocusMe

isamulti-purposeappdesignedtokeepdistractionsatbay.Itblocksdistractingwebsitesandappsduringworksessions,helpingyoumaintainfocus.Youcancustomizeschedulestofityourdailyroutineandcontrolwhenandhowyouinteractwithdigitaldistractions,ensuringproductivityisoptimized.ForestForest

gamifiesyoureffortstostayoffyourphonebylettingyougrowavirtualtreewhileyoufocus.Ifyouleavetheapptochecksocialmediaormessages,thetreedies.Thiscreativeconceptencouragesconcentratingontasks,whichprovidesmotivationtostaypresentbothdigitallyandintherealworld.RescueTimeRescueTime

offerspowerfulinsightsintohowyouspendyourdigitalhours.Bytrackingyourtimeonline,itidentifiesareasforimprovement.Theappcategorizesactivitiestoshowwhereyourattentionismostdivided,fosteringmoreintentionaldigitalhabits.ColdTurkeyColdTurkey

isdesignedtohelpyoureclaimcontroloveryourdigitallifewithstrictfocusfeatures.Youcanblockwebsites,lockyourdevices,andschedulebreakstoenhanceproductivity,controldigitaldependencyandreducedistractions.Thisappcanbehandyforthoseseekingarigidapproachtomanagingtechtimeefficiently.Withtherightmindset,theseappscanbecomevaluablealliesinyourjourneytowarddigitalminimalism.1.WhatwillhappenifaForestuserfrequentlyswitchesapps?A.Hisvirtualtreewillfailtosurvive.B.Hisproductivityscorewilldecrease.C.Hisdailyscheduleswillbecustomized.D.Hisdevicewillbelockedautomatically.2.Whichappclassifiesonlineactivitiestoidentifydistractions?A.FocusMe. B.Forest. C.RescueTime. D.ColdTurkey.3.Whatarethefourappsintendedtodo?A.Toincreasedailyscreentimetoboostproductivity.B.Tohelpuserscompletelygetridofsocialmediause.C.Toexerciseintentionalcontroloverdigitaldistractions.D.Toreplacehumanrelationshipswithvirtualinteractions.【答案】1.A2.C3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍数字极简主义的概念及其在应对数字过载中的作用，并详细阐述了四个应用程序（FocusMe、Forest、RescueTime和ColdTurkey）的功能，这些应用旨在帮助用户管理屏幕时间、阻挡干扰，优化生产力，以实现有意识的技术使用。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Forest中“Forestgamifiesyoureffortstostayoffyourphonebylettingyougrowavirtualtreewhileyoufocus.Ifyouleavetheapptochecksocialmediaormessages,thetreedies.(Forest通过让你在专注时种植一棵虚拟树来使你远离手机的努力游戏化。如果你离开应用程序去查看社交媒体或消息，树就会死亡。)”可知，如果Forest用户频繁切换应用程序，他的虚拟树将无法存活。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据RescueTime中“RescueTimeofferspowerfulinsightsintohowyouspendyourdigitalhours.Bytrackingyourtimeonline,itidentifiesareasforimprovement.Theappcategorizesactivitiestoshowwhereyourattentionismostdivided,fosteringmoreintentionaldigitalhabits.(RescueTime提供了关于你如何度过数字时间的强大见解。通过跟踪你的在线时间，它能确定需要改进的地方。该应用程序对活动进行分类，以显示你的注意力最分散的地方，培养更有目的性的数字习惯。)”可知，RescueTime应用程序对在线活动进行分类来识别干扰。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Digitalminimalismcountersthisbysimplifyingtechuse,prioritizingintentionalityovermindlessconsumption.(数字极简主义通过简化技术使用来应对这一点，优先考虑有意识而非无意识的消耗。)”和“Therightappscanhelpmanagescreentime,blockdistractions,andencouragemindfulonlineinteractions.(合适的应用可以帮助管理屏幕时间、阻挡干扰，并鼓励有意识的在线互动。)”以及下文对四款应用的介绍可推知，这四款应用程序的目的是对数字干扰进行有意的控制，以帮助用户实现数字极简主义。故选C项。BEverytimeIpickedupmysonatDayCarelastyear,ourreunionwasinterruptedbythesamequestionfromtheother3-year-olds:“Whyareyouinthatwheelchair?”SomepeoplethoughtIshouldhaveaclassvisitwhereIexplainedmydisability,maybereadarelevantbook.Tobefair,Iamagoodcandidateforthiskindofconversation.IstartedusingawheelchairwhenIwas6,andwhenIdiscovereddisabilitystudiesingraduateschool,Iunderstood,forthefirsttimeinmylife,disabilityasanidentity.Istartedcreating“minimemoirs(回忆录)”onsocialmediathatsharedmyfirsthandexperience—thefeelingofbeingstaredatandbeingprayedoverbystrangers.Istartedtounderstandthewheelchairaspartofmybrand.Overtime,Irarelydeviatedfrompoststiedtodisability.Evenifitwasn’tatthecenterofthestory,Iconnectedthosethingswithadirectlineforreaders.Thiswayofshowingmyselfpushedmywritingintothepublicconversationin2020.Fiveyearslater,Istilltravelthecountryspeakingaboutdisability,accessibility,andinclusion.It’sadreamtodothiswork.ItmightexplainwhyIwasn’teagertoeducatemyson’sclassondisability.Thisismyareaofexpertise!Iunderstandmydifferenceisunavoidablyvisible,butInoticedthelonging.Iwantedthesekidstoseethatourfamilywasjustonekindofdifferenceinaseaofdifferences.Andthetruthis,manyofuswithdisabilitiesaren’tjustanotherparentintheroom.ItoftenfeelslikeIhavetwochoices:erasure(消除)orspotlight—“Idon’tseeyouasdisabled”or“Ifollowyoutolearnmoreaboutdisability.”Still,thereisanideainmethatIwishtoblur(模糊)theedgesofafixedbrandandplayfreelyinthespacesofdiscovery.Maybethisisalookatthelong-termgoalIdreamof—disabilityasalivingpartofagreaterwhole.Neitherhiddenintheshadowsnorforcedintothespotlight,butintegratedintoacommunity,acceptedasonevaluablepartofoursharedhumanity.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deviated”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Departed. B.Benefited. C.Suffered. D.Recovered.5.Whywastheauthorunwillingtoeducatekidsondisability?A.Shewasbusywithherownwork.B.Shewasworriedaboutherson’sfeeling.C.Shewantedtobeseenasanormalparent.D.Shedoubtedkids’understandingofdisability.6.Whydoestheauthormentiontwochoicesinparagraph5?AToshowthedifficultiesofbeingadisabledparent.B.Toemphasizetheimportanceofherworkondisability.C.Toillustratethecomplexsituationdisabledpeopleface.D.Toexplainherunwillingnesstotalkaboutdisability.7.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowardsherdisability?A.Negative. B.Optimistic. C.Indifferent. D.Dismissive.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为轮椅使用者，分享个人经历与感悟，探讨如何在公众视野中展现自我，并表达对残疾被自然接纳、融入社区的期望。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Overtime,Irarelydeviatedfrompoststiedtodisability.Evenifitwasn’tatthecenterofthestory,Iconnectedthosethingswithadirectlineforreaders.(随着时间推移，我很少deviated与残疾相关的帖子。即使故事的核心不是残疾，我也会为读者将这些内容直接关联到残疾主题。)”可知，即使故事的核心不是残疾，作者也会为读者将这些内容直接关联到残疾主题，所以作者的帖子几乎从未偏离过与残疾相关的主题，deviated意为“偏离”，与departed意思相近。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“ItmightexplainwhyIwasn’teagertoeducatemyson’sclassondisability.Thisismyareaofexpertise!Iunderstandmydifferenceisunavoidablyvisible,butInoticedthelonging.Iwantedthesekidstoseethatourfamilywasjustonekindofdifferenceinaseaofdifferences.(这或许能解释为什么我并不热衷于给儿子班级上关于残疾的课。这是我的专业领域！我知道我的不同必然会被注意到，但我更希望这些孩子看到，我们的家庭只是万千差异中的一种。)”可知，作者不愿刻意教育孩子关于残疾的知识，而是希望被视为普通家长。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“ItoftenfeelslikeIhavetwochoices:erasure(消除)orspotlight—“Idon’tseeyouasdisabled”or“Ifollowyoutolearnmoreaboutdisability.”(我常常感觉只有两种选择：被忽视或被关注——“我不把你看作残疾人”或“我关注你以了解更多残疾相关的事”。)”可知，作者通过描述这两种选择，说明残疾人面临的复杂处境：要么被忽视，要么被过度关注。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Maybethisisalookatthelong-termgoalIdreamof—disabilityasalivingpartofagreaterwhole.Neitherhiddenintheshadowsnorforcedintothespotlight,butintegratedintoacommunity,acceptedasonevaluablepartofoursharedhumanity.(这或许指向了我长久以来梦想：让残疾成为更大整体中鲜活的一部分。它既不被隐匿在阴影里，也不被强行推到聚光灯下，而是自然地融入社区，被接纳为人类共同性中宝贵的一环。)”可知，作者希望残疾身份自然地被接纳，对自身残疾持积极、乐观的态度。故选B。CNaturespeaksforitself,whileartamplifies(增强)whatevernaturehastosay.ArtistLucaGnizio’slatestproject,Forsoultree,speaksmorethanwordscould.Theprojectstartedwiththeaccidentaldiscoveryofacentury-oldHolmOaktreetrunkthathadbeenbroughtdownbynatureinapark.WhenGniziowascalledin,heimmediatelythoughtofgivingthedeadtrunksomelife.Overthepastdecade,Gniziohasmadeanameforhimself,establishingawholenewformofartthatharmonizeswithnature.Inhiswork,hefocusesonthreeRs:reduce,reuseandrecycle.TheForsoultreetakesonvariousaspectsofhisartisticapproach.Theaimofthisprojectwasnotonlytoreusebutalsotopreserveandgivelife.ToGnizio,whatmostpeoplecallwastecanberepurposedtogivemoremeaningtolife.Hehasmanagedtocreatenewlevelsofbeautywiththetrunk,combiningitwiththenaturalenvironmentandusingitasthecentralpoint.Notably,itisthetransformationofpartsofthetrunkintoseats.Hehascreatedtwouniqueseatswiththetrunkstillinitsprimarylocation.Allaroundthetrunkitselfarebreathtakingviewsoftheparkforanyloverofthenaturalspace.Ifyouthinksittingonadeadtrunkwillbeboring,whataboutbathing?Gniziohascarvedoutadeepbasinwithsufficientrestingspace.Anadultcanlieonthefloorofthebasinlookingupwardsandenjoythepeacefulsurroundingnature.Unfortunately,thebasinisonlyforartisticpurposes.Youmaynotbeabletobatheinit,butyouwillsurelyenjoytheviews.“Forsoultreespeaksofbeautyandrespectandremindsusthatnothingbelongstousonthisearth,wherewearesimplypassingguests,”explainedGnizio.Hisartoffersanopportunityforustolearnmoreaboutourenvironmentandalsoappreciatelifeasitis.8.WhatcanbelearnedaboutForsoultreefromparagraph1?A.Ithighlightsrenewednaturalart. B.Itinvolvesintentionaldiscovery.C.Itfeaturesanartificiallandscape. D.Itdisplaysapurposefullycuttrunk.9.WhatdoweknowaboutGnizio?A.Hefocusesonlyonreusingmaterials. B.Hecreatesinnovativeeco-friendlyart.C.Hebelieveswasteshouldbeabandoned. D.Heavoidssigningnamesonhisproject.10.Whydoestheauthormentiontheuniqueseatsandadeepbasin?A.Tosuggestbathinginthetrunk. B.Toemphasizethepark’sbeauty.C.Toindicatethevalueoflocation. D.Toshowthetrunk’sfunctionality.11.WhatdoesGniziosuggest?A.Recognizingenvironmentalrespect. B.Valuingtemporarymaterialpossessions.C.Concentratingentirelyonartisticcreation. D.Prioritizingtheconceptofhumanownership.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍艺术家卢卡·尼齐奥的Forsoultree项目，他赋予枯树干新生命的创作理念及成果。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Theprojectstartedwiththeaccidentaldiscoveryofacentury-oldHolmOaktreetrunkthathadbeenbroughtdownbynatureinapark.WhenGniziowascalledin,heimmediatelythoughtofgivingthedeadtrunksomelife.(该项目始于在公园偶然发现一棵被大自然击倒的百年HolmOak树干。当尼齐奥被叫来后，他立即想到要给这棵枯树干赋予一些生命力。)”可知，Forsoultree强调了重生的自然艺术。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Overthepastdecade,Gniziohasmadeanameforhimself,establishingawholenewformofartthatharmonizeswithnature.Inhiswork,hefocusesonthreeRs:reduce,reuseandrecycle.(在过去的十年里，尼齐奥声名鹊起，创立了一种与自然和谐共处的全新艺术形式。在他的作品中，他专注于三个R：减少、再利用和回收。)”可知，尼齐奥展示了他如何通过创新的方式利用自然资源创作环保艺术，由此可知，尼齐奥创造了创新的环保艺术。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Notably,itisthetransformationofpartsofthetrunkintoseats.Hehascreatedtwouniqueseatswiththetrunkstillinitsprimarylocation.(值得注意的是，这是将树干的一部分改造成座椅。他在树干仍在原位的情况下创造了两个独特的座椅。)”及第四段中的“Gniziohascarvedoutadeepbasinwithsufficientrestingspace.(尼齐奥雕刻出一个有足够休息空间的深盆。)”可推断，作者提到独特的座椅和深盆是为了展示树干的功能性。故选D项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的““Forsoultreespeaksofbeautyandrespectandremindsusthatnothingbelongstousonthisearth,wherewearesimplypassingguests,”explainedGnizio.(尼齐奥解释说：“Forsoultree讲述了美丽和尊重，提醒我们在这个地球上没有什么属于我们，我们只是过客。”)”可知，尼齐奥建议认识到对环境的尊重。故选A项。DAtasummitinParisinFebruary,2025,techbossesissuedthegrandestclaimsaboutartificialintelligence.DarioAmodei,CEOofAnthropic,saiditwouldleadtothe“largestchangetothegloballabormarketinhumanhistory”.JensenHuang,CEOofNVidia,envisionedafuturewhereworkers“areallgoingtobeCEOsofAIagents”.Suchpredictionsdrawonanestablishedthought.Aslargelanguagemodelsgainedpopularityintheearly2020s,economistsandbosseswerehopefulthatAIwouldhelppromoteequality,benefitinglower-skilledworkersmost.DespitesuchoptimismaboutAIasanequalizerinlabormarket,morerecentfindingshavecastdoubtonthisvision.Theyinsteadsuggestafuturewherehigh-flyersflystillhigher,andtherestareleftbehind.Ratherthannarrowinggaps,AIislikelytowidenworkforcedividesinthelongterm.Forexample,forair-trafficcontrollers,AIprocessesflightdatawhileleavingdecisionstohumans,thuskeepingsalarieshigh.Bycontrast,self-check-outsystemssimplifycashiers’(收银员)roles,automatingtaskslikecalculatingchange,whichlowerstheskillrequirements,causingwagestodecline.Apartfromitsreplacementofroutinejobs,AImayextenditsreachtocreativework.AtA&OShearman,alawfirm,AIcananalyzecontractsandsuggestrevisionswithin30seconds,handlingmuchoftheworkoncedonebyassociatelawyers.Incontrast,topperformershavebeenbestatusingtechnologytomakestrategicdecisions.Therefore,itisjuniorstaffwhoarethemostatrisk.Labormarketshavealwaysbeendefinedbythedestructionofoldrolesandthecreationofnewones.IntheIndustrialRevolution,engineersmasteringmachinerysawtheirwagesskyrocketwhilelaborerslostout.TheComputerAgethenrewardedsoftwareengineersandoutdatedtypists.AIappearstofollowasimilarpath,benefitingthosewithjudgmentandexpertisetohandlecomplex,information-richenvironments.Today’sAIarejustthebeginning.Asitgrowsmorecomplicated,workplacesmightbetransformed,makingeveryworkeraCEOofsorts,asJensenHuanghaspredicted.Buttherewillbenoequalizing:themosttalentedwillstillmakethebestCEOs.12.Whatisthetechbosses’attitudetowardsthefutureofAI?A.Doubtful. B.Ambitious.C.Pessimistic. D.Unconcerned.13.Whatcanweinferaboutthelong-termimpactofAI?A.AIwillslowtheglobaleconomicgrowth.B.AIwillnarrowthegapofwageinequality.C.AIwilldisadvantagelower-skilledworkers.D.AIwillenhancecreativeworkopportunities.14.Whydoestheauthormentionlabormarketchangesinparagraph5?A.Torecommendstablejobs. B.Tostressadvancedtechnology.C.Topictureanuncertainfuture. D.Toillustrateanirresistibletrend.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhatDefinestheFutureLaborMarketsB.WhenAISurpassesHumanIntelligenceC.HowAIwillDividetheBestfromtheRestD.WhereHumansStillHaveanEdgeoverAI【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨AI对劳动力市场的分化效应，科技领袖虽乐观预测AI变革，但实际趋势显示高技能者将更受益，而低技能岗位面临薪资下降或替代风险，延续了历史上技术加剧不平等的趋势。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“AtasummitinParisinFebruary,2025,techbossesissuedthegrandestclaimsaboutartificialintelligence.DarioAmodei,CEOofAnthropic,saiditwouldleadtothe“largestchangetothegloballabormarketinhumanhistory”.JensenHuang,CEOofNVidia,envisionedafuturewhereworkers“areallgoingtobeCEOsofAIagents”.(在2025年2月巴黎举行的一场峰会上，科技巨头们对人工智能做出了最宏大的预言。Anthropic公司首席执行官DarioAmodei宣称，AI将引发“人类历史上全球劳动力市场的最大变革”。英伟达首席执行官JensenHuang则描绘了这样一幅未来图景：所有劳动者“都将成为AI智能体的首席执行官”)”可知，科技巨头们如Anthropic和英伟达的首席执行官对AI的未来充满宏大的设想。由此可知，他们的态度是雄心勃勃的。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Bycontrast,self-check-outsystemssimplifycashiers’(收银员)roles,automatingtaskslikecalculatingchange,whichlowerstheskillrequirements,causingwagestodecline.(相比之下，自助结账系统简化了收银员的工作内容——系统可自动完成找零计算等操作，从而降低了岗位技能要求，最终导致薪资水平下降)”和第四段中“AtA&OShearman,alawfirm,AIcananalyzecontractsandsuggestrevisionswithin30seconds,handlingmuchoftheworkoncedonebyassociatelawyers.Incontrast,topperformershavebeenbestatusingtechnologytomakestrategicdecisions.Therefore,itisjuniorstaffwhoarethemostatrisk.(在A&OShearman，人工智能能够在30秒内分析合同并提出修改建议，承担了大量原本由初级律师完成的工作。相比之下，顶尖从业者最擅长利用技术进行战略决策。正因如此，初级员工面临的职业风险最为严峻)”可知，由于AI的存在，收银员等低技能岗位薪资下降，初级律师等低经验岗位面临被替代的风险。由此可知，从长远来看，人工智能将使低技能工人处于不利地位。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“IntheIndustrialRevolution,engineersmasteringmachinerysawtheirwagesskyrocketwhilelaborerslostout.TheComputerAgethenrewardedsoftwareengineersandoutdatedtypists.AIappearstofollowasimilarpath,benefitingthosewithjudgmentandexpertisetohandlecomplex,information-richenvironments.(工业革命时期，掌握机械技术的工程师薪酬暴涨，而体力劳动者则遭受冲击；计算机时代又让软件工程师获得回报，打字员等职业则被淘汰。人工智能似乎延续着相似的轨迹——那些具备复杂信息处理能力和专业判断力的人才将持续受益)”可知，该段回顾工业革命和计算机时代的技术变革，说明劳动力市场始终因技术革新而重塑。作者以此论证AI的影响是不可阻挡的趋势。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中“DespitesuchoptimismaboutAIasanequalizerinlabormarket,morerecentfindingshavecastdoubtonthisvision.Theyinsteadsuggestafuturewherehigh-flyersflystillhigher,andtherestareleftbehind.(尽管人们对AI作为劳动力市场均衡器持乐观态度，但最新研究发现这一愿景值得怀疑。研究反而指出，未来可能出现强者愈强、弱者愈弱的局面)”可知，文章的核心观点是：AI不会均衡劳动力市场，而是加剧人才分化，使高技能者获益、低技能者受损。因此，C项“人工智能如何加剧精英与大众的鸿沟”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选C项。第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inrecentyears,scientistshavenotedarapidincreaseinaveragetemperaturesthroughoutthecountry.AccordingtoareportfromtheNRDC,theaveragetemperatureoftheUnitedStatescouldrisebyasmanyas11degreesFahrenheit(华氏度)bytheendofthe21stcentury.Thiswarmingtrendposesseverethreatstohumanhealth.“____16____”thereportstates.EHEdaysoccurwhenthecombinationoftemperature,windspeedandsurfaceatmosphericpressurereacheshazardouslevels.Theseconditionscanleadtoheat-relateddeaths.____17____Now,theNRDCprojectsthatrisingEHEfrequencyduetoclimatechangemayleadto150,000deathsby2100.TheCDCnotesthatelderlyindividuals,infantsandchronically(慢性地)illpeopleareconsideredthemostvulnerableforheat-relateddeaths.Themostcommoncausesofdeathrelatedtorisingtemperaturesincludethefollowingconditions:Heatexhaustion:Itischaracterizedbyvastsweatingandarapidheartbeat.____18____Othersignsofheatexhaustionincludedizziness,lowbloodpressureandmusclecramps.Cardiovascular(心血管的)disease:Extremeheathasbeenlinkedtoahigherincidencerateofcardiovasculardiseasesandconditions,suchasstrokes.CardiovasculardiseaseisalreadythedeadliestmedicalconditionintheUnitedStates,andstrokesarelistedasthecountry’sthirdleadingcauseofdeath.Kidneydisease:Prolongedexposuretoexcessivelyhottemperaturescanleadtomajorkidneyproblems.____19____Besides,thebody’sabilitytoregulatewaterintakemayalsobeaffected.Inadditiontothehumandeaths,thereisasignificantfinancialimpacttoconsider.‘KillerSummerHeat’discussesaheatwavethatstruckCaliforniainSummer2006.Overthetwo-weekperiodofextremeheat,655peoplelosttheirlives.____20____A.Theheatwaveultimatelyresultedincostsnearing$5.3billion.B.Finally,theheatwavewassuccessfullyovercomebyjointefforts.C.Thesetwosymptomsessentiallyindicatethebodyisoverheating.D.Thepublicwilltakeriskswhentheyareexposedtohightemperatures.E.PreviousEHEshaveeachbeenresponsibleforthousandsofdeathsandinjuries.F.Itisaconditioncausedbydamagedkidneytissueandhasbeenlinkedtolong-termdiseases.G.Theriskstopublichealtharegreatestwhenhightemperaturescausewhat’sknownasanEHE.【答案】16.G17.E18.C19.F20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出美国平均气温上升，高温引发的EHE对公众健康危害大，还会导致多种疾病甚至死亡，此外高温还会造成重大经济损失。【16题详解】下文“EHEdaysoccurwhenthecombinationoftemperature,windspeedandsurfaceatmosphericpressurereacheshazardouslevels.(当温度、风速和地表大气压力的组合达到危险水平时，就会出现EHE日)”对EHE(极端高温事件)的成因进行了说明。G选项“Theriskstopublichealtharegreatestwhenhightemperaturescausewhat’sknownasanEHE.(当高温引发所谓的EHE时，对公众健康的风险最大)”引出了EHE(极端高温事件)这一概念，与下文对EHE的介绍相呼应。故选G项。【17题详解】下文“Now,theNRDCprojectsthatrisingEHEfrequencyduetoclimatechangemayleadto150,000deathsby2100.(现在，美国自然资源保护委员会预测，由于气候变化导致极端高温事件频率上升，到2100年可能会导致15万人死亡)”提到了未来EHE可能导致的死亡人数。E选项“PreviousEHEshaveeachbeenresponsibleforthousandsofdeathsandinjuries.(以往的极端高温事件每次都造成了数千人伤亡)”说明过去EHE也造成了大量伤亡，与下文未来EHE可能导致的死亡情况形成呼应。故选E项。【18题详解】上文“Heatexhaustion:Itischaracterizedbyvastsweatingandarapidheartbeat.(中暑：其特征是大量出汗和心跳加速)”描述了中暑的两个症状。C选项“Thesetwosymptomsessentiallyindicatethebodyisoverheating.(这两个症状本质上表明身体过热)”对上文提到的两个症状进行总结，说明这两个症状意味着身体过热，与上文衔接紧密。故选C项。【19题详解】上文“Prolongedexposuretoexcessivelyhottemperaturescanleadtomajorkidneyproblems.(长期暴露在过高的温度下会导致严重的肾脏问题)”指出高温会导致肾脏问题。F选项“Itisaconditioncausedbydamagedkidneytissueandhasbeenlinkedtolongtermdiseases.(这是一种由肾组织受损引起的状况，且与长期疾病有关)”进一步解释了肾脏问题的成因以及与长期疾病的关联，与上文话题一致。故选F项。【20题详解】上文“Overthetwoweekperiodofextremeheat,655peoplelosttheirlives.(在两周的极端高温期间，有655人丧生)”描述了2006年加利福尼亚州热浪造成的人员伤亡情况。A选项“Theheatwaveultimatelyresultedincostsnearing$5.3billion.(这场热浪最终造成了近53亿美元的损失)”说明了热浪造成的经济损失，与上文提到的人员伤亡情况共同说明了热浪的影响。故选A项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Iwasn’tsurewhyIsetupthepaintingtable.Asamotherwithfourkids,timewasa____21____Isimplycouldn’tafford.Afterworkandtakingcareoftheirsports,I____22____intobedexhaustedeachnight.EvenwhenI____23____thepaintsandbrushesonthetable,itfeltpointless.Iwastoobusy,andpaintingwasn’tgoingto____24____.Theninsomnia(失眠)returned,andduring____25____nights,Ifoundmyselfcleaningandcatchingupontasks.Asthetasksincreased,thepaintingtableseemedtocallme.Initially,I____26____it.Butonenight,Ifinallysatdown,____27____abrushandpainted.Ididthesamethingthenextnight,andthenext.Afteraweek,Ihadbeenpainting____28____.Iwokeearly,tidiedupmy____29____,andstartedmyday.Onemorning,asmykidsfinishedbreakfast,oneofmydaughterssaid,“Mom,you’renicerwhenyoupaint.”____30____,IaskedifthatmeantIwasn’tnicenormally.Thekidsexplainedthatmypaintingmademehappier,andtheyhadnoticedthe____31____inme.Paintinghadbecomeawayto____32____myself.BymakingtimeforsomethingIloved,eveninsmallamounts,Idiscoveredits____33____onmywell-being.Now,wheneverlifegets____34____,Irecalltheirwordsandrecognizethatdevelopingmyownhappinessisessentialforbeingthebest____35____ofmyself.21.A.warmth B.luxury C.routine D.requirement22.A.ran B.collapsed C.jumped D.paced23.A.accessed B.clarified C.arranged D.dropped24.A.disappear B.stop C.happen D.continue25.A.sleepless B.valueless C.peaceful D.unnecessary26.A.followed B.absorbed C.comprehended D.ignored27.A.grabbed B.concentrated C.created D.threw28.A.fluently B.occasionally C.ultimately D.consistently29.A.supplies B.offices C.possessions D.books30.A.Bored B.Surprised C.Relieved D.Amused31.A.stability B.change C.hesitation D.faith32.A.runinto B.huntfor C.carefor D.putoff33.A.pressure B.decision C.dependence D.impact34.A.enjoyable B.meaningful C.simple D.challenging35.A.stage B.measure C.version D.reputation【答案】21.B22.B23.C24.C25.A26.D27.A28.D29.A30.B31.B32.C33.D34.D35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过绘画改变自我状态，重新找回幸福感的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个有四个孩子的母亲，时间是我根本负担不起的奢侈品。A.warmth温暖；B.luxury奢侈品；C.routine常规；D.requirement要求。根据上文“Asamotherwithfourkids”以及下文“Isimplycouldn’tafford”可知，作为四个孩子的母亲，忙于照顾家庭，时间对她来说是一种奢侈品。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：下班后还要照顾他们的运动，我每天晚上都累得瘫倒在床上。A.ran跑；B.collapsed瘫倒；C.jumped跳；D.paced踱步。根据上文“Afterworkandtakingcareoftheirsports”以及下文“exhaustedeachnight”可知，作者极度疲惫，“collapsedintobed”表示“累倒在床上”，符合语境。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使我把颜料和画笔放在桌子上，我也觉得毫无意义。A.accessed访问，使用；B.clarified澄清；C.arranged安排，布置；D.dropped掉落。根据下文“thepaintsandbrushesonthetable”可知，此处指把颜料和画笔放在桌子上。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我太忙了，画画不会发生的。A.disappear消失；B.stop停止；C.happen发生；D.continue继续。根据上文“Iwastoobusy”可知，作者太忙了，觉得画画不会发生。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后失眠又回来了，在失眠的夜晚，我发现自己在打扫卫生和赶任务。A.sleepless失眠的；B.valueless无价值的；C.peaceful和平的；D.unnecessary不必要的。根据上文“Theninsomniareturned”可知，此处指失眠的夜晚。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我忽略了它。A.followed跟随；B.absorbed吸收；C.comprehended理解；D.ignored忽略。根据上文“Asthetasksincreased,thepaintingtableseemedtocallme.”以及下文“Butonenight,Ifinallysatdown”可知，一开始作者并未理会画桌，但后来终于坐了下来。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但有一天晚上，我终于坐了下来，抓起一支画笔开始画画。A.grabbed抓起；B.concentrated集中；C.created创造；D.threw扔。根据下文“abrushandpainted”可知，此处指抓起一支画笔开始画画。故选A。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一周后，我一直都在画画。A.fluently流利地；B.occasionally偶尔；C.ultimately最终；D.consistently持续地。根据上文“Ididthesamethingthenextnight,andthenext.”可知，作者连续作画，用consistently表示“持续地”。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我起得很早，整理好我的绘画用品，然后开始新的一天。A.supplies用品；B.offices办公室；C.possessions财产；D.books书籍。根据上文“tidiedupmy”以及下文“andstartedmyday”可知，此处指整理好绘画用品。故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶，问她这是不是意味着我平时不好。A.Bored无聊的；B.Surprised惊讶的；C.Relieved宽慰的；D.Amused逗乐的。根据女儿说“Mom,you’renicerwhenyoupaint”可知，作者对女儿的话感到惊讶。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们解释说，我的画让我更快乐，他们注意到了我的变化。A.stability稳定性；B.change变化；C.hesitation犹豫；D.faith信仰。根据上文“mypaintingmademehappier”可知，孩子们注意到了作者的变化。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：画画成了照顾自己的一种方式。A.runinto撞上，偶遇；B.huntfor搜寻；C.carefor照顾；D.putoff推迟。根据下文“BymakingtimeforsomethingIloved,eveninsmallamounts”可知，作者通过画画照顾自己，满足个人需求。故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过花时间做我喜欢的事情，即使只是一点点，我也发现它对我的幸福有影响。A.pressure压力；B.decision决定；C.dependence依赖；D.impact影响。根据上文“mypaintingmademehappier”及下文“onmywell-being”可知，画画对作者的幸福感产生影响。故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，每当生活变得有挑战性时，我就会想起他们的话，并意识到发展自己的幸福对于成为最好的自己至关重要。A.enjoyable愉快的；B.meaningful有意义的；C.simple简单的；D.challenging有挑战性的。根据下文“Irecalltheirwordsandrecognizethatdevelopingmyownhappinessisessential”可知，此处指每当生活变得有挑战性时。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每当生活变得有挑战性时，我就会想起他们的话，并意识到发展自己的幸福对于成为最好的自己至关重要。A.stage阶段；B.measure措施；C.version版本；D.reputation名声。根据上文“beingthebest”以及下文“ofmyself”可知，此处指成为最好的自己，“thebestversionofmyself”表示“最好的自我状态”。故选C。第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。FrenchscientistsattheInstitutedePhysiqueduGlobedeParis(IPGP)areconductingtestingonChang’e-5lunarsamples,aimingtobetterunderstandthemoon’searlyoriginsandits____36____(for