Unit+2+Exploring+English+Using+language高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

Unit2UsinglanguageReview:wordformation复习：构词法语法课件aNeitheristherepinenorappleinpineapple.b…sculptasculpture…cWhenwe…seerain…,wecansay“it’sraining”…dWHO

abbreviatevt.缩写Lookatthesentencesandexpressionsfromthereadingpassage.Matchthewordsinboldtothetypesofwordformation.

前缀后缀词性

Abbreviation缩略法Conversion转化法Derivation派生法Compounding合成法结合abcd共四种构词法1Lookformoreexamplesofinthereadingpassage.Workasagroupoffour,eachinchargeofonetypeandthenshare.Compounding合成法Derivation派生法Conversion转化法Abbreviation缩略法1234pineapple,hamburger,eggplant,seasick,carsick,homesick,homework,houseworksculpture,painting,hardly,softly,harmless-harmful,shameless-shameful,visible-invisblerain,snowIT,US2Grammar一、Compounding(合成法):twoormorewordsarejoinedtogethertomakeanewone.把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词,这种构词法称为合成法,由合成法构成的词叫合成词。1.合成名词构成方式举例构成方式举例名词+名词weekend周末动词+名词postcard明信片名词+动词daybreak破晓动词-ing+名词waiting-room候车室名词+动词-inghandwriting书写形容词+名词fast-food快餐知识深一度合成名词的复数形式以不可数名词结尾的合成名词无复数形式homework以man或woman修饰的合成名词变复数时,前后两个名词都变成复数womandoctor→womendoctorsmanwaiter→menwaiters以两个名词构成的合成名词(前面的名词为man或woman除外),一般把后面的名词变成复数boyfriend→boyfriendspaperbag→paperbags以“可数名词+介词(短语)”构成的合成名词变复数时,把前面的名词变成复数sister-in-law→sisters-in-law以“动词/过去分词+副词”构成的合成名词变复数时,在结尾加-sgrown-up→grown-upsstand-by→stand-bys即学活用写出下列单词的汉语意思(1)sunflower

_______(2)greenhouse _____(3)far-reaching ___________(4)gentleman

_____(5)raincoat

_____(6)good-tempered _________(7)outdoors

______________(8)worry-free ____________向日葵温室意义深远的绅士雨衣好脾气的在户外,在野外无忧无虑的一、派生法

在一个词根的前面或后面加上某个词缀生成一词，这种构词法称为派生法。加在前面的词缀叫前缀，加在后面得叫后缀。Wordformation——构词法Grammar分类举例常见否定前缀il-→illegal非法的irregular无规定的,illogical无逻辑的...un-→unhappy不高兴的im-→impatient不耐烦的dis-→disappear消失in-→incorrect不正确的non-→nonstop不停的ir-→irregular不规则的分类举例表示其他意义的常见前缀anti-(反对;抵抗)→antiwar反战的sub-(下面的)→subway地铁inter-(互相)→Internet互联网re-(再;又)→rewrite重写en-(使……)→enrich使富足pre-(前;预先)→preview预习post-(后的)→postwar战后的分类举例表示其他意义的常见前缀mid-(中;半)→midnight午夜vice-(副)→vice-manager副经理micro-(微)→microscope显微镜for-/fore-(先;预)→forecast预报co-(共;同)→cooperation合作mini-(小型)→miniskirt迷你裙bi-(双的)→bimonthly两月一次的(地);一月两次的(地)2.单词+后缀:一般不改变原词的基本含义,只改变其词性。①ThereisagrowingneedforqualifiedteachersofBusinessEnglish.teach+-er,表示人,意为“教师”②Notallpeoplecanmakethisachievement.achieve+-ment,抽象名词,意为“成就,成绩”分类列举举例常见名词后缀-er/-or(从事……的人)-ese(某地人)-ess(女性)-ian(……的人)-ist(专业人员)-ism(主义)-ment(性质;状态)-ness(性质)-tion/-ation(动作;过程)-dom(状态;区域)teacher教师Japanese日本人actress女演员musician音乐家artist艺术家liberalism自由主义movement运动darkness黑暗invention发明freedom自由分类列举举例常见动词后缀-en(多用于形容词后)-fy(使……化)-ize(使……成为)widen加宽beautify美化realize意识到常见形容词后缀-al,-able,-an,-ful,-ive,-less,-like,-ly,-y,-ous,-somenational民族的reasonable合理的American美国的careful细心的active有活力的分类列举举例常见副词后缀-ly(用于形容词后表示方式或程度)-ward(s)(表示方向)quickly迅速地angrily生气地northward朝北upward(s)向上常见数词后缀-teen,-th,-tythirteen十三fourth第四fifty五十即学活用单句语法填空(1)Theteacherannouncedan___________

(expected)resultthateveryonecouldn’tbelieve.(2)IwouldliketovisitParis.Itisoneofthegreatesttourist___________

(attract)intheworld.(3)Afterworkingforawholeday,Janelayback____________

(comfortable)onthebed.(4)Thanksverymuchforyour_________(kind).unexpectedattractionscomfortablykindness(5)WhenIhelpothers,Ihaveastrong_______

(feel)ofsatisfaction.(6)Whenhersongoesout,themotherisworriedaboutherson’s_______

(safe).(7)Weoftenseesome_________

(home)peopleinthestreetinsomepoorcountries.(8)Readingcannotonly_______

(rich)ourknowledgebutalso_______

(wide)ourview.feelingsafetyhomelessenrichwiden三、Conversion(转化法):tocreateanewwordwithoutanychangeinspelling.一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性,这种构词法称为转化法。1.动词转名词①Let’sgooutforawalk.我们到外面去散散步吧。②Heisamanofstrongbuild.他是一个体格健壮的男人。2.名词转动词①Didyoubookaseatontheplane?你订好飞机座位了吗?②Pleasehandmethebook.请把那本书递给我。3.形容词转动词①Wewilltryourbesttobetterourlivingconditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活条件。②Youmustslowdownoryou’llmakeyourselfill.你必须要放慢节奏,否则你会生病的。即学活用翻译下列句子,尤其注意黑体词的用法(1)Thecompanyshipsitsgoodsallovertheworld._________________________(2)Thegovernmenthasbuiltnewhousestohousethehomelesspeople._______________________________________(3)Thesetreesneedtobewatered.___________________(4)Tearsofgratitudewelledupinhereyes._____________________________(5)Culturehasfurtheredtheadvanceoflanguage.______________________________公司把货物运往世界各地。政府建了新房子给无家可归的人提供住处。这些树需要浇水了。感激的泪水从她的眼里涌出来。文化进一步促进了语言的发展。(6)AfterIhadpictureditoverandoveragaininmymind,thebigdayfinallyarrived.____________________________________________________知识宽一度有些单词的词性转化后,词的发音发生了变化。例如:present/ˈpreznt/n.礼物,现在;adj.当前的,在场的,出席的→/prɪˈzent/v.赠送,表达permit/pəˈmɪt/v.准许→/ˈpɜːmɪt/n.许可证record/ˈrekɔːd/n.唱片,记录→/rɪˈkɔːd/v.做记录我在脑海中进行了无数次的想象之后,这一天终于到来了。Wordformation——构词法四、缩略法是指把两个或两个以上的词各取一部分(或用单词首尾字母或用截头取尾的方法)合在一起构成一个新单词。读音主要有两种形式，即各字母分别读音或作为一个单词来读。veryimportantperson→VIP(读字母音)要人，贵宾television→TV(读字母音)电视advertisement→ad广告laboratory→lab实验室Grammar即学活用写出下列词汇的缩略词及意思(1)VoiceofAmerica→______

_________(2)NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration→_______

___________________(3)WorldTradeOrganization→______

_____________(4)UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization→__________

__________________VOA美国之音NASA美国国家航空航天局WTO世界贸易组织UNESCO联合国教科文组织(5)ChiefExecutiveOfficer→______

___________(6)IntensiveCareUnit→_____

_____________(7)ElectronicTollCollection→______

_________(8)MostValuablePlayer→______

______________CEO首席执行官ICU重症监护病房ETC电子收费MVP最有价值球员3Application

Completethepassagewiththehelpofwordformation.

Whenyouopenadictionary,youoftencomeacrossalotofunfamiliarwords.Youmightthinkthisisabitscary.Butmanyofthemareformedusingothersimplerwords.Thisiscalledwordformation.Wordsformedbycombiningotherwordsarecalledcompounds,forexample,____________(afriendthatyoucontactbywriting,traditionallyusingapen)and_____________(knownbymanypeople).Prefixesandsuffixesoftenhavefixedmeanings.Ifyouaddun-orin-toaword,thenewwordusuallymeanstheopposite.Forexample,ifsomethingisn’tcorrectit’s__________,andifsomeoneisn’thappytheyare_________.Wordswiththesuffixes-mentand-nessareoftennouns.Forexample,ifsomebodyhasimprovedalot,theyhavemadegreat________________.penfriendwell-knownincorrectunhappyimprovement2偶然碰到恐怖的形成

Somenounsandadjectivescanbeusedasverbs,ortheotherwayround.Whenwecalmsomebodydown,theybecome______.Andwecangivesomeoneapresentby__________it.Andsometimesawordismadeupofthefirstlettersofseveralwords:“WorldTradeOrganization”canbereferredtoas_____,and_______isshortfor“assoonaspossible”.Itisimpossibletoknowthemeaningofeveryword,butknowingaboutwordformationcanhelpusguesstheirmeanings.calmpresentingWTOASAP

Completethepassagewiththehelpofwordformation.2calmdown冷静bemadeupof由...组成bereferredtoas被称作...被用作...反之亦然5AmE.vs.BrE

EnjoyafunnyvideoaboutBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.

LookatthepicturesandgettoknowtheAmericanEnglishwordsandtheirBritishequivalents.(P23)Whatdifferencescanyoufind?4LookatthepicturesandgettoknowtheAmericanEnglishwordsandtheirBritishequivalents.(P23)AmericanEnglishBritishEnglishsubwayhighwaytheatergasapartmentelevatorundergroundmotorwaytheatrepetrolflatlift4Today,AmericanEnglishisincommoninternationaluse.Itisdifferentfrom

BritishEnglishinseveralways,mostlyinspellingandvocabulary.SomeAmerican

spellingswerecreatedbyNoahWebster,whomadeoneofAmerica'sfirst

dictionaries.Hechanged“-re”spellingsto“er”,whichiswhy1_______isspelt2________inAmericanEnglish.TheAmericansandtheBritishalsousedifferentwordsforeverydaythings.For

example,Americanstalkaboutputting3____intheircarsanddriving

alongthe4________whereasintheUK,peopleput5______intheir

carsanddrivealongthe6__________.NowCompletethepassagewiththewordsabove.(P24)

subway/underground

highway/motorway

theater/theatregas/petrol

apartment/flatelevator/lifttheatretheatergashighwaypetrolmotorwayin...waysAmericanstakethe7________tothe

topfloorofabuilding,buttheBritishusethe8_____.IntheUS,theytake

the9_______,butintheUK,peopletravelonthe10____________.Americans

liveina(n)11__________,whiletheBritishliveina(n)12_____.It'snotasconfusingasitseems:usuallypeoplefromthetwocountriescan

understandeachotherfromthecontext.Butthatdoesn'tstopthemhaving

afriendlyargumentaboutwhichwordisthe“right”one!subway/underground

highway/motorway

theater/theatregas/petrol

apartment/flatelevator/liftelevatorliftsubwayundergroundapartmentflatas...as...

Workinpairs.FindmoreexamplesofdifferencesbetweenAmericanandBritishEnglish.UseadictionaryorsearchontheInternet.(P24)SpellingVocabularyPronunciation56

UnfamiliarEnglishexpressionsBeforelistening

Canyouguessthemeaningofthesewords?selfienetizenBRBCOZG2Gselfie=self+ie:aphotographthatyoutakeofyourself,usuallywithamobilephonenetizen=net+izencitizen=city+izenapersonwhousestheInternetBRB—berightbackCOZ—because/bɪˈkɒz/G2G—gottogotwo=27Listening&examples

Listentothreeconversationsandmatchthemtothepictures.(P25)□

LearningtolearnSomeofthelanguageusedontheInternetisdifferenttothelanguageusedinotherformsofcommunication.Itmaybeaquickand,toyou,clearwaytocommunicate,butbeforeyouuseit,stopandthink:whodoyouwanttocommunicatewithandwhy?Makesurethatanyabbreviations（缩写）andemojis（表情符号）youuseareappropriateforthesituation,andconsiderwhetheryourreaderswillevenknowwhatyoumeanbyBRBorCOZ.abca:______________b:______________c:______________Conversation3Conversation1Conversation26

Listenagainandcompletethetable.(P25)WordsMeaningOrigindimsumakindoftraditional1____________from2_______________________3_______usingacellphonewithoutcaringaboutothersacombinationofthewords4__________and5_______6_______ashorterwayofsaying7______________fromtheInternetChinesefood

theGuangdongdialectcellfishcellphoneselfishLOL“laughoutloud”7

Howdothespeakersaskforandexplainthemeaningsofthewords?Presenter:Conversation1A:I’mgoingtobuysomethingtoeatfromtherestaurant

downstairs.Wouldyou

likeanything?B:Ohyes,please.Couldyouordermesomedimsum?A:Somewhat?B:Dimsum.A:Whatkindoffoodisthat?B:It’sakindoftraditionalChinesefoodfromSouthChina,includingdumplings,

springrolls,meatballsandsoon.A:Oh,Isee.So“dimsum”comesfromChinese?B:Yes,

that’sright.Infact,itcomesfromtheGuangdongdialect.InMandarinor

Putonghuaitwouldbe“dianxin”.A:Well,itsoundsgood!MaybeI’llorderthataswell

...

Howdothespeakersaskforandexplainthemeaningsofthewords?Presenter:Conversation2A:Howwasthemovie?B:Itwasgreat,butsomeoneinfrontofmewastalkingsoloudlyonherphone.A:Howcellfish!B:Yes,Iagree.Veryselfish.A:Ah,doyouknowwhatImeanby“cellish”?B:Ofcourse!Whenyousay“selfish”,youmeanonlycaringaboutyourselfand

not

aboutotherpeople,right?A:That’swhat

“selfish”withan

“s”means,butI’mtalkingabout

“cellfish”.

startingwiththeletter“c”.B:Ihaven’theardthatwordbefore.Whatdoesitmean?A:Itmeansusingacellphoneinawaythatshowsyoudon’tcareabouttheother

peoplearoundyou.B:That’sinteresting.Howdoyouspellit?A:C-E-L-L-F-I-S-H.It’sthewords

“cellphoneand

“selfish”puttogether.B:Oh,Isee..专指在任何场合任何地点把手机打个不停的人。Presenter:Conversation3[SFXofsomeonepressingmobilephonekeys,followvedbyachimeindicatinganewmessage]A:Darling,couldyoutakealookatthismessagefromLucy?Ihavenoidea

what

she’stalkingabout...again.B:Whathasshesaid?A:Well,ItoldherajokethatBobtoldmetodayattheoffice,

and,asyousee,

she

replied“LOL”.What’sthatfor?B:Oh,LOL!It’sashorterwayofsaying“laughoutloud”.A:I’veneverseenorhea