2026版正禾一本通高三一轮总复习英语（北师版）-(三)创新命题热点-非常规选材之议论文

(三)创新命题热点——非常规选材之议论文eq\a\vs4\al(满分：37.5分；限时：20分钟)[考情速递]逻辑推理与论证、独立思考与质疑、批判性思维等关键能力已经成为高考考查的重点。针对一种现象或认识进行开放式设问、寻求证据、有效推理与论证，这些都是批判性思维在高考命题改革中的具体体现。议论文的选题与高考对批判性思维的考查目标吻合。A(每小题2.5分，共12.5分)AccordingtoDameAtheneDonald,thepresidentoftheBritishScienceAssociation,itismorebeneficialforgirlstoplaywithtoyblocksratherthandollssoastopreventthemfrombelievingscienceandengineeringareonlyforboys.Thissuggeststhat1.．Lettingthiskindoflabelbeattachedtogirlsataveryyoungagecanlimittheirpossibilitieswhentheygrowup.Likewise,boysshouldnotbelabeledeither.Othersshouldneveroverlookourpotentialduetolabels.Firstly,Iwanttomakeitclearthatlabelsarenotnecessarilybad.Infact，2.．Themostimportantqualityoflabelsisthepowertotellthecharacteristicsofpeople.Totakeoneexample,wecanlabelapersonwhohasagoodcommandofmathematicsasa“PrinceofMath”，whichcanbeusedasacompliment(赞美).Sometimes,though,3.．Thegenderlabelmentionedaboveisonesuchexample.Anotherexampleisthatsomeresearchindicatesthatfamilybackgroundplaysanimportantroleinindividualsuccess.Thisresultsinpeoplewhoarebornintopoorbackgroundsoftenbeinglabeledasbeingunabletosucceed.Butthefactisthat4.．IfIhadtochoose,Iwouldleavethelabelsalone,sinceweallhavethepotentialtoripopenthecracksoffate.Labelsmayhelpustorecognizethedifferencesbetweenpeople.However,sometimeswewanttofeelbetterthanothersandlabelthem,whichistherootofalmostalldiscrimination(歧视).Inconclusion,peopleshouldbecarefulwhentryingtolabelotherpeople.Whateverlabelspeoplearegiveninlife,5.．A．labelsareneutralwordsB．labelsarelikelytobringrisksC．familybackgroundisjustonefactorthatshapesaperson'sfutureD．girlsmaybelabeledasnotbeingabletodowellinscientificstudiesE．girlsmaybeconsideredtohavebeenforbiddentodoscientificresearchF．theyneedtobethemselvesandsticktotheirdreamstoshowtheirrealworthG．theyhavetofacetheproblembravelyandfightagainstallthelabelsforrespectB(每小题2.5分，共12.5分)(2025·湖北武汉高三统考)Themostimportantthingtokeepinmindwhendecidingtoserveanotheristhatserviceexpectsnorewards.Whenyouexpectsomethinginreturn,andarenotservingoutofthegoodnessofyourheart,otherswillnotice.Surethey'llthankyou.1.Whenyougivefromyourheart,therealpowerofservicecomesintoplay.Servingisagreatopportunitytostrengthenyourtrustandrespectforanother,andforthemtodothesametoyou.Notonlydoyoufeelgreatabouthelpingout,butyoubuildyourrelationshipwiththem,andtheywillfeelmorewillingtohelpyouinthefuture.2.However,whyisservicesorarelyseenthesedays?3.Sure,livinginthisdayandagedoesnotleaveusmuchtime,andthelastthingpeoplewanttodoismorework.“I'mtoobusy,there'stoomuchwork,orIdon'thavethetime.”mayrunthroughyourheadwhenyouhearthewordservice,butthetruthisthebenefitsareworththesacrifice.Gandhioncesaidthat,“Thebestwaytofindyourselfistoloseyourselfintheserviceofothers.”4.Someideasofplacesyoucanservearevolunteercenters,nursinghomes,boysandgirlsclubs,andsoon.Youcanservepeopleaslongasyouwantto.5．Althoughitdoestakesomework,thebenefitsaremorethanworththesacrifice.Notonlydoyoufeelbetteraboutmakinganother'sdayalittlelessstressful,butyoustrengthenyourrelationshipwiththemandthatcouldguaranteeyouasenseofachievementandfillyouwithlove.A．It'sawin­winsituation.B．Serviceissimple.C．Overall,serviceandselflesslygivingtoothersisverypowerfulandhasmanybenefits.D．Andtheywillofferyouworseservice.E．Serviceisacomplexevent.F．Theproblemis,there'salwaysanexcusenottoserve.G．Buttheservicebecomesmoreofasituation,“I'lldothisforyouifyoudothisforme”．C(每小题2.5分，共12.5分)(2025·河北高三调研)Givinggenerouslyandreceivinggratefullymakeiteasiertolivehappilywithothers.1.Letmestartwiththeideaofgivinggenerously.2.Forexample,myhusbandandIhavefamilymemberswhoonlycontactuswhentheyneedmoney.Weusuallyaccepttheirrequests,butwerarelyreceivea“thankyou”．MostpeoplewouldsaythatmyhusbandandIarebeingused,andIsupposeweare.Butwhenwegive,weshouldn'tbegivingforthepurposeofgettinggratitudeorpraise.Rather,weshouldbegivingbecauseitisagoodthing.Thegoodnewsisthatwhenweleadourlifebeingnicetoothers,ourliferunsmoresmoothly.3.Butifyoupracticebeinggenerous,mostofyourrelationshipswillimprove.Atthesametime,weshouldremembertoreceivegratefully.Itrulybelievethatyoucan'tsay“thankyou”enoughwhenyoureceive.4．Parentscanfeelunappreciatedbytheirchildren,andteacherscanfeelunappreciatedbytheirstudents.Doyouthinkitunnecessarytothankthemwhenreceivingjustbecauseataskispartofsomeone'sjobdescription?That'swrong!5．Itisgoodforustosay“thankyou”becauseweregularlyneedtoremindourselveshowluckyweare.Andhearingthosetwowordscanmakeusfeelgreatfordays.Ifyouarelookingforawaytoimproveyourlife,Icangiveyouone:Givegenerouslyandreceivegratefully.A．Sooftenwegetlazyaboutexpressinggratitude.B．Thus，saying“thankyou”canbringusgoodluck.C．Ifyouaregenerous,somepeoplewilluseyou.D．Inreturn,wearetohelpothersbygivingthemourtimeormoney.E．Ithinkpeopleareunwillingtobegeneroustoothersforfearofbeingused.F．Yet，whydowehavesuchdifficultyachievingthesethingsinourrelationships?G．Wordsofappreciationmakeothersfeelgoodaboutthemselveslikenothingelse.(三)创新命题热点——非常规选材之议论文参考答案A篇[语篇解读]本文是议论文。文章主要阐述了任何人都不应该被贴上标签。1．D[空前指出“对女孩来说，玩积木比玩玩具娃娃更有益，这样可以防止她们相信科学和工程只适合男孩”，结合选项可知，D项点明了这个观点暗含之意——女孩可能会被贴上不能在科学研究中取得好成绩的标签。空后的“thiskindoflabelbeattachedtogirls”指代D项“girlsmaybelabeledasnotbeingabletodowellinscientificstudies”。]2.A[由空前一句可知，标签不一定是坏的；空后说标签最重要的特点是能够说明人们的特征。由此可推断，空处应承上启下，说明标签事实上是中性词。A项符合语境。]3．B[上一段说明标签不一定是坏的，是中性词，最重要的特点是能够说明人们的特征。空处位于本段首句，空处前又有表示转折意义的though，由此可知，此段内容在意义上发生转折，快速浏览本段可知，本段阐述了性别标签和背景标签的危害。故B项“标签可能带来风险”符合语境。]4．C[上文提到“一些研究表明，家庭背景在个人成功中起着重要作用”，并引出研究结果带来的危害——出身贫寒的人经常被贴上无法成功的标签，空前的“But”表示转折，说明thefact的内容与上文的someresearch相对，是对研究结果“家庭背景在个人成功中起着重要作用”的否定，故C项“家庭背景只是决定一个人未来的一个因素”符合语境。]5．F[本句是文章的最后一句，且“Inconclusion”也表明此处是对全文的总结，点明被贴标签时应该以什么态度来面对。结合全文可知，无论被贴什么标签，都不应该受到影响，坚持做自己，实现自己的价值。]B篇[语篇解读]本文是议论文。在决定为他人服务时，最重要的是要记住，服务是没有回报的。总的来说，服务他人和无私奉献无论是对别人还是自己都有很多益处。1．G[上文提示“当你期望得到回报，而不是出于好心去服务，别人会注意到的。当然他们会感谢你的”承接上文，G项“Buttheservicebecomesmoreofasituation,‘I'lldothisforyouifyoudothisforme’．(但这种服务更像是这样一种情况，‘如果你为我做这件事，我就会为你做这件事’)”切题，故选G。]2．A[上文提示“你不仅因帮助别人获得好的感受，而且你和他们建立了关系，他们将来会更愿意帮助你”承接上文，A项“It'sawin­winsituation.(这是一个双赢的局面)”是对上文的总结，故选A。]3．F[上文提示“然而，为什么现在很少看到这种服务呢”，再根据下文提示“当然，生活在这个时代，并没有留给我们太多的时间，人们最不愿意做的事情就是做更多的工作”承上启下，F项“Theproblemis,there'salwaysanexcusenottoserve.(问题是，总是有借口不去服务)”切题，故选F。]4．B[上文提示“找到自我的最好方法就是沉迷于为他人服务的过程中”，再根据下文提示“你可以服务的地方有志愿者中心、养老院、男孩女孩俱乐部等等”承上启下，B项“Serviceissimple.(服务很简单)”切题，故选B。]5．C[下文提示“虽然这确实需要付出一些努力，但付出的代价是值得的”承接下文，C项“Overall,serviceandselflesslygivingtoothersisverypowerfulandhasmanybenefits.(总的来说，服务他人和无私奉献是非常强大的，有很多好处)”切题，故选C。]C篇[语篇解读]本文是议论文，主要议论了在人际关系中很难做到慷慨地给予、心怀感激地接受的原因。1．F[上文“Givinggenerouslyandreceivinggratefullymakeiteasiertolivehappilywithothers.”说明慷慨给予和心怀感激地接受可以生活得更加幸福。根据文章第二段“Weusuallyaccepttheirrequests,butwerarelyreceivea‘thankyou’．”可知，很多人很少表达感激。F选项“Yet,whydowehavesuchdifficultyachievingthesethingsinourrelationships？”承上启下，故选F项。]2．E[根据下文“Forexample,myhusbandandIhavefamilymemberswhoonlycontactuswhentheyneedmoney.Weusuallyaccepttheirrequests,butwerarelyreceivea‘thankyou’．MostpeoplewouldsaythatmyhusbandandIarebei