2026版正禾一本通高三一轮总复习英语（北师版）-任务2　依据词汇线索巧解阅读七选五

任务2依据词汇线索，巧解阅读七选五解答词汇线索题经常用到词汇复现法和代词指代法。词汇复现常有原词复现、同(近)义词复现、词汇同现(即同一范畴或某一类别的词汇反复出现)、反义词复现四种形式。代词指代主要是指代前面提及的名词、名词短语或句子概念，巧妙利用这种指代关系和代词的单复数可以准确、快速地解题。专家说考情学霸说对策阅读七选五的五个题目难度设置分为高、中、低三个层次，由三个左右的中低档题，两个左右的中高档题构成。研究近三年的高考试题可知，常会根据核心词的复现设置一道试题。考生在做题时，应注意选项中出现的与原文意思相同、相近或相反的词汇。恰当地利用线索词汇，包括同(近)义词的复现、反义词的复现及代词指代，不仅能够帮助解答中低档题，也能够在中高档题排除干扰选项时，起到关键性的作用。类型1词汇复现法真题示例2024·全国甲卷节选Eatwithotherswheneverpossible.Eatingalone，especiallyinfrontoftheTVorcomputer，oftenleadstomindlessovereating.Andbecarefulaboutthefoodsyoukeepathand.It'smorechallengingtoeatinmoderationifyouhaveunhealthysnacksattheready，likecookies.38A．Eatproperlythroughouttheday.B．Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.C．Don'tswallowamealonthewaytowork.D．Mostofusneedtodoubletheamountweeat.E．Instead，surroundyourselfwithhealthychoices.【解题分析】上文“It'smorechallengingtoeatinmoderationifyouhaveunhealthysnacksattheready,likecookies.(如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，E项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”为反义词复现。故选E项。【图解技巧】【关键点拨】1．词汇复现是保证文章前后衔接经常使用的一种写作手段，通过寻找复现词汇可迅速确定答案。2．词汇复现并不一定是词汇的简单重复，有时会以同根词、同(近)义词和反义词等形式出现。在做题时，要特别注意选项中出现的与原文意思相同、相近或相反的词。3．注意有些选项设置中有原词复现，这类选项不一定是答案，做题时要注意鉴别。类型2代词指代法真题示例2023·全国甲卷节选●Practicegratitude(感激)Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.37．“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself­control，”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.E．ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF．Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerableG．They'reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience【解题分析】根据空前一句“Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits...evenmoreoptimistic.”以及空后一句“‘Showingthankfulness...attheUniversityofCalifornia.”可知，空前空后都提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文的Thankfulness。故E符合语境。【图解技巧】【关键点拨】代词的使用主要是为避免重复，用于指代前面提到的人或物，有时也用于指代前面提到的名词或概念。巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以有效地帮助我们作出正确的选择。A(2025·甘肃高考诊断)Asourlivesbecomemorecloselyconnectedwiththedigitalage,it'smoreimportantthanevertokeepthesparkofhumanconnections,akeypartofwhichismakingsmalltalk.1.Here'showtomastertheartofsmalltalk.Thecornerstoneofeffectivesmalltalkliesindevelopinggenuineinterest.Genuineinterestisaboutactivelyseekingtounderstandtheotherperson,valuingtheirperspectivesandappreciatingtheuniquenesstheybringtotheconversation.2.Smalltalkextendsbeyondspokenwords;itincludestheartofobservation.Asyouengageinconversation,payattentiontothespeaker'sbodylanguage,facialexpressionsandtoneofvoice.3.Beingfamiliarwiththemnotonlyhelpsyounavigatetheconversationwithsensitivitybutalsoenablesyoutoestablishadeeperconnectionbyrespectingtheslightdifferencesoftheotherperson'scommunicationstyle.Actuallylisteningandconnectingwithsomeoneareessentialforaconversation.Byprovidingyourundividedattention,youconveyrespectandinterestinwhattheotherpersonhastosay.4.Askfollow­upquestionstoshowthatyouvaluetheirinsights.Thisdepthofengagementlaysthefoundationforamoremeaningfulconnection.Attheheartofsuccessfulsmalltalkliestheauthenticity(真实性)ofyourengagement.Authenticityfostersasenseoftrustandconnection,makingtheconversationmoremeaningfulandmemorable.Avoidthetemptationtoprojectanimageorusescriptedresponses.5.Intheworldofsmalltalk,authenticityisthekeythatunlocksthedoortodeeperconnectionsandmorefulfillinginteractions.A．Instead,letyourtrueselfshinethrough.B．Someaccessibletopicsaregreatforsmalltalk.C．Activelisteninginvolvesfullyengagingwiththespeaker.D．Focusonunderstandingtheirviewpointsbeyondsimplyhearingwords.E．Thesignalsprovidevaluableinsightsintotheiremotionsandintentions.F．Smalltalkmaybeagatewaytobuildingrichandmeaningfulrelationships.G．Byexpressingauthenticcuriosityyoumaketheotherpersonfeelseenandheard.B(2025·石家庄高三教学质检)There'sareasonwhysomanypeopleloverunningearlyinthemorning.1.．Notonlydoyoubeginyourdaymorerelaxedandrefreshed,butyou'vealreadystartedthingsoffwithanaccomplishment.Ifyouthinkyou'rereadytotakeadvantageofthebenefitsofamorningrun,herearefoursuggestionsfromtheprofessionals.·Findafriend,andbegentlewithyourselfFindingapartnertorunwithwillgiveyousomeonetoberesponsiblefor,andmakeitmuchhardertoblowofftherun.It'salsoimportanttorememberthatthisisaprocess,andyoucan'texpecttodoitperfectlyfromthebeginning.2.．“Onceyougetintothehabit,itbecomesnaturalandactuallyjump­startsyourday，”saysSheriPiers,topAmericanfemalefinisheratthe2012BostonMarathon.·Embracethemovement“Thefirstfewstepsorblockswillbetoughinthemorning.Theyalwaysare，”saysDr.JordanMetzl,whohasover32marathonfinishesunderhisbelt.Withapracticeofmorethan20，000patients,Metzl'sdaysarejam­packed,soearlymorningrunsareamust.3.．“Sometimesyouhavetojustdoit,andrememberthatthemotivationwillcomelater，”hesays.·Staywarm4．．“IfIgotobedinmysportswear,allIneedtodoisthrowontheouterlayersandheadoutthedoor.Atleastthattakesawaysomeoftheinconvenience，”saysTinaMuir,ahalf­marathoner.Shealsoleavesheralarmontheothersideoftheroomtohelppushherselfup.·5.“IviewwakingupearlyastearingoffaBand­Aid，”saysMicheleGonzalez,arunningcoach.“It'sgonnahurtforabit.”Heradviceisrelativelysimple.“Youjusthavetosetthealarmearlyandstartdoingit，”shesays.“Afterafewdays,you'llbetiredearlieratnightandwillstartgoingtobedearlier.Thismakestheearlyalarmfeelabitmoremanageable.”A．IthasmajorbenefitsB．HaveatrainingplanC．MakepeacewiththepainD．It'sjustlikewarmingupacarinthewinterE．Evenifyouhaveasetbackortwo,keepatitF．Still,heknowshowharditcanbetogetmotivatedG．Theworstpartisgettingchangedinthecoldair,especiallyinwinter参考答案：[语篇解读]本文是说明文。闲聊是人际交往中的重要部分，本文就如何掌握闲聊的艺术进行了简要介绍。1．F[空前提到人际交往的很重要的一部分是闲聊，空后则讲到了掌握闲聊艺术的方式，由此可见，空处承上启下，应该会讲到闲聊的作用或重要性，故F项“闲聊可能是建立丰富而有意义的关系的途径”符合语境。]2．G[本段第一句讲到有效闲聊的基础是培养真诚的兴趣，第二句则讲了什么是真诚的兴趣。因此，空处应该会讲到真诚的兴趣(好奇心)的作用以承接上文，故选G。]3．E[根据空后的“Beingfamiliarwiththem”可知，空处应该会讲到一个表示人或物的复数名词；再结合空前的“payattentiontothespeaker'sbodylanguage,facialexpressionsandtoneofvoice”可知，空处涉及的复数名词指的应该是这些名词短语的统称，E项中的“signals”与之对应，且E项的意义“这些信号对他们的情绪和意图提供了有价值的信息”也符合语境。]4．D[结合空后的“Askfollow­upquestions”可知，此处讲的是闲聊的时候不仅要听他们说的话，还要全神贯注去理解他们的观点并问