信息必刷卷04（新高考II卷）解析版-2025年高考英语考前信息必刷卷

1/2试卷第=page22页，共=sectionpages2222页绝密★启用前2025年高考考前信息必刷卷（新高考II卷）04英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）考情速递高考·新动向2025年新高考将继续坚持“五育融合”，强化德育、智育、体育、美育和劳动教育的考查。题型设计上，主要有以下特点：1.贴近生活场景试题更加贴近生活实际，如探讨电车油车的发展问题，引导学生关注生活中的实际问题并思考解决办法。2.科普文章比重增加科普文章增多，如AI发展趋势、生物样本数据等，鼓励学生在学习语言的同时了解前沿科学知识。3.强调语言实际应用听力语速加快，阅读难度提升，注重语言的实际应用能力，培养用英语解决问题的人才。4.讲述中国故事用外国的语言讲述中国的故事，引导学生用英语传播中国文化。5.增强文化育人将国家发展、社会进步、社会主义核心价值观融入试题，引导学生提升品德修养和文化自信。6.提升开放性和灵活性试题形式创新，设问角度和方式更加灵活，增强开放性，考查学生的实际应用能力和创造性表达。7.词汇量和传统文化考察力度加大词汇量要求增加，尤其注重与传统文化相关的词汇，要求学生能用英语传播中华文化。这些新动向旨在培养学生的综合语言运用能力和跨文化交际能力。高考·新考法本套“信息必刷卷02（新高考II卷）”命题思路概述：1.体现“难度”：整套试题难度系数控制在0.69±0.01。其中，听力独白题、阅读理解CD篇和七选五以及读后续写难度系数大约为0.58；2.兼顾“广度”：四选一阅读理解题兼顾了应用文(A篇)、记叙文(B篇)、说明文(C篇和D篇)几种体裁，且“细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题及词义猜测题”均有所考查；三大话题(人与自然、人与社会、人与自我)均有所涉及；3.突出“重点”：阅读理解题突出考查了实用英语（A篇），个人成长（B篇）,社会中的人（C篇）“环境保护”的话题(D篇)；七选五突出考查了“上下文观点或语意一致”的问题；完形填空突出考查了动词词义辨析和名词词义辨析；语法填空突出考查了“动词词性/形的变化”；4.贴近高三生活：应用文写作话题为写给学弟学妹的话。命题·大预测阅读理解题A篇(实用英语-暑期研究项目)让学生学以致用，能真正将英语用于生产生活；B篇(17岁少年莱斯·斯托利的火车之旅)旨在引导学生养成正确的人生观；C篇(社会科学)书中作者将人与锡罐、游泳池、蘑菇和鬣狗等进行比较，揭示出作为“人”的我们，具有独有的特征；D篇（环境保护）如何用古老火砖技术如何通过储存热能，帮助实现工业过程的可再生能源使用，从而助力全球净零排放目标的实现；七选五（身心健康-健身技巧）引导学生学会自我成长；完形填空（再续前缘）珍妮和斯蒂芬·沃茨相爱，但由于家庭的原因，两人未能走到一起。40多前后，两位老人再次相遇，再续前缘；语法填空（文化交流）中国和爱尔兰之间的文化联系；应用文写作（同学交流）写给学弟学妹的话；读后续写（慈善筹款）凯蒂·布洛姆奎斯特是南卡罗来纳州的一年级教师，在她搬到东部以后，她的大多数学生都来自低收入家庭，夏令营、课程、旅行和自行车对他们来说都是负担不起的。于是她先是发起了一项筹款活动，得到了很多捐赠，制片人史蒂夫·哈维也被她的故事感动了，他决定捐赠2万美元，学生因此每个人都能得到一辆崭新的自行车，随后凯蒂也建立了慈善组织，帮助更多的孩子。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatistheweightlimittotheluggageontheplane?A．8kilograms. B．12kilograms. C．16kilograms.【答案】C【原文】W:Isthereaweightlimittotheluggageapassengercancarryontheplane?M:Yes,butyoursisonly12kilograms,4kilogramslessthanthelimit.2．WhydidthewomanworkforAdam’scompany?A．Sheneededatypist. B．Sheneededaroom. C．Sheneededajob.【答案】C【原文】M:Istillcan’tunderstand,Vicky.WhyareyouworkingforAdam’scompany?W:HeofferedmeajobasatypistandIneedthejob.3．Howcantheman’srecipebedescribed?A．It’sareward. B．It’sasuccess. C．It’saproblem.【答案】B【原文】W:Itriedthatnewrecipeyoushared—thechocolatechipcookies.Theywereahitwithmyfamily.M:I’mgladyoulikedthem.I’vesharedthatrecipewithsomanypeopleandtheyallsaythesamething.Bakingcanbesorewarding.W:Itcertainlycan.4．WhattypeofbusinessisKentucky’s?A．Achainrestaurant. B．Alocaleatery. C．Afamily-ownedfactory.【答案】B【原文】W:Hey,doyouknowanythingaboutKentucky’s?M:Yeah,I’vebeenthereafewtimes.It’snotachain,andit’snotafamily-ownedplaceeither.Itfocusesonusinglocalingredientsandhasareallyuniquemenu.5．Whyisthemanplanningtomove?A．Tobeclosertohisoffice. B．Tobenearaschool. C．Tohavemorelivingspace.【答案】C【原文】M:We’vedecidedtomove,eventhoughourapartmentisconvenientlylocatednearbothmyofficeandtheschool,W:Iunderstandwiththreegrowingkids,yourapartmentisn’tbigenoughforthefamily.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．WhydoesTommakeacalltoMary?A．ToinvitehertoNewZealand.B．Totellhersomethingabouthistrip.C．ToaskforinformationaboutNewZealand.7．WhatwillMarydothisSaturday?A．Workathercompany. B．TraveltoNewZealand. C．HavedinneratTom’shome.【答案】6．C7．C【原文】M:Hello.CanIspeaktoMary,please?W:Isthatyou,Tom?M:Yes,itis.IamgoingtoNewZealandintwoweeks’time,andmywifeisgoingwithme.W:Oh,howluckyyouare!Howlongwillyoubeaway?M:Foracoupleofmonths,maybehalfayear.Mybosswantsmetosetupabranchcompanythere.Well,Mary,youhavebeentoNewZealandseveraltimes.Canyougiveussomesuggestions,orjusttellusaboutthatcountry?W:I’dloveto.Wecanhaveatalksometime.M:Whynotcomeovertodinneratmyhousethisweekend?Mywifewantstomeetyouaswell.W:Allright.WhataboutSaturday?M:OK.Seeyouat6:00pmthiscomingSaturday.Goodbye!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．WhatdoesAlicelikebestabouthernewschool?A．Theteachers. B．Theenvironment. C．Thefood.9．WhatdoesAlice’snewschoollooklike?A．Itisinmodernstyle. B．Itiswellequipped C．Itisnewlybuilt.【答案】8．C9．B【原文】M:SoAlice,areyouhappyatyournewschool?W:Yeah,ofcourse.Itsenvironmentisnice.PeopletherearefriendlyandI’vemadealotofnewfriends.Oh,thebestaspectisthefood,whichissodelicious.M:That’swonderful.Howaboutyourstudy?W:I’mlearningseveralnewsubjectsthisyear.They’retough,butluckily,we’vegotlovelyteachersandthey’reexpertattheirsubject.M:Soundsgood.Itseemsthatyoureallylovethenewschool.W:Yeah.Andit’slarge,withasportsfield,amodernlibraryandallkindsofnewequipment.Thereisnowherelikethatatmyoldschool.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10．Whatdoesthewomanwantherweighttobecome?A．Around52kilos. B．Around50kilos.C．Around48kilos. D．Around49kilos11．Whatsportingactivitydoesthewomandoatweekends?A．Basketball. B．Swimming. C．Dancing. D．Badminton.12．Whatdoesthewomando?A．Apersonaltrainer. B．Anofficeworker.C．Aprofessionalathlete. D．Alibrarian.13．Wherearethespeakers?A．Atagym. B．Atanoffice. C．Atarestaurant. D．Atahospital.【答案】10．C11．D12．B13．A【原文】M:WelcometoFitnessDirect.Iamyourpersonaltrainerfortoday.Howareyoufeeling?W:I’mOK,alittlenervousthough.M:Takeiteasy.Workingoutshouldbefun,notstressful.CanIbeginbyaskingyourfitnessgoals?W:Well,Iwishtolosearoundtwokilosandbasicallybuildupthestrengthofmymuscles.M:OK,thatsoundsreasonable.MayIaskyourcurrentweight?W:Yes,Iam50kilosnow.M:Howmuchexercisedoyoucurrentlydoperweekonaverage?W:Aroundthreehours.IgoswimmingonTuesdays,IdanceonWednesdays,andonSundaymorningsIplaybadminton.M:That’sexcellent.MayIaskyouaboutyourdiet?W:Well,Itrytobehealthy,butIlikepizzaandcakes,soIdon’talwayseatwell.M:Whatisyourjob?Areyoutieddowntoadeskmostoftheday?W:Sadlyyes,I’manofficegirl.M:Well,youhavegivenmesomegreatinformation,soIcancomeupwithaweeklytimetableforyou.W:Great.Whatshallwebeginwithfirst?M:Rightnow,I’dlikeyoutowarmupwitha10-minutejog,OK?W:Sure.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14．WhatinspiredTrenttostartclimbing?A．Apictureofmountains. B．Abiographyofaclimber. C．Atelevisiondocumentary.15．WhatdidTrentactuallyfeelduringhisfirstbigclimbing?A．Nervous. B．Confident. C．Doubtful.16．WhydidTrentdecidetoclimbthesevenpeaks?A．Toovercomehisfear.B．Torealizehislong-helddream.C．Toraisemoneyforhisgrandpa.17．WhatmadeTrentspecialamongtheclimberstothesevenpeaks?A．Hewasaccompaniedbyhisgrandpa.B．Heclimbedsnow-coveredmountains.C．Hewasyoungerthananyotherclimber.【答案】14．A15．B16．C17．C【原文】W:Trent,howdidyougetintomountainclimbing?M:Manypeoplestartclimbingbecausethey’vewatchedatelevisiondocumentaryaboutclimbingamountainandagoodfriendenjoyedreadingthebiographyofafamousclimber.Myexperiencewasmoreunusual,though.WhenIwasnine,Istartedatanewschoolwheretherewasanamazingartworkonthewall.Itshowedsomesnow-coveredmountainsandIthought,Iwanttoclimbthose!W:Youclimbedyourfirstbigmountainwhenyouwereten.Howdidyoufeelbeforehand?M:IwasconvincedI’dbereallynervousbeforewesetoff,buttheoppositewasactuallytrue,whichIcouldn’tquitebelieve.IwentwithveryexperiencedclimberswhomItrusted.W:Youdecidedtoclimbthehighestpeakoneachofthesevencontinents.Whywasthat?M:Mygrandfatherbecameillandtherewasn’tmuchfinancialsupportforscientiststryingtofindacure,soIaskedpeopletosponsormetoclimbthesevenpeaks.Ibecametheyoungestpersonevertoclimbthem,thoughthatwasn’tmyreasonfordoingit.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18．Whatdidthespeakerdobeforesheretiredin2015?A．Aseller. B．Apoliceofficer. C．Afurnituredesigner.19．Whatdidthespeakerbegintohelpdofrom2018?A．Controltobacco. B．Keeppublicorder. C．Fightviolence.20．Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofworkingasavolunteer?A．Rewarding B．Dangerous C．Challenging.【答案】18．C19．A20．A【原文】W:Well,nowletmetellyouwhatI'vebeendoinginrecentyears.In2015,Iretiredfrommypostasadesignerforafurniturecompany.Andsincethen,I’vebeenworkingasavolunteer.In2017,IjoinedGreenWoodpecker—anorganizationthatpromotesenvironmentalprotection.Atthebeginning,Imostlyworkedinpublicsquaresnearthewestrailwaystation,helpingthetrafficpoliceandgivingdirectionstopassengers.Thenmyworkfocuschanged.WhenourcityadoptedthenewtobaccocontrolrulesinJune,2018,Ibegananewtask:persuadingpeoplenottosmokeinpublicplaces.Inadditiontotherailwaystation,Ihavebeengoingtoplaceswheretherearemanyrestaurantsandbars.Weworkingroupsofthree,andtrytostoppeoplefromsmoking.Fortunately,mostsmokersaresupportiveandputouttheircigaretteswhenweaskthemto,butthatwasnotthecaseintheearlydays—somesmokerscouldbecomequiteviolent.Ilikebeingavolunteer.Theworkisexcitingandmakesmefeelyoung.Ithasnowbecomeapartofmylife.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASimonsSummerResearchProgramEstablishedin1984asagrowthprogramforlocalhighschoolstudents,theSimonsSummerResearchProgramnowattractsapplicantsfromallacrossthecountrytotheStonyBrookcampus:SimonsFellowsarematchedwithStonyBrookstudyadvisors,joinaresearchgrouporteam,andassumeresponsibilityforaproject.TheSimonsFellowsconcludetheirprogrambyproducingaresearchposter.Inadditiontolearningvaluabletechniquesandexperiencinglifeatamajorresearchuniversity,SimonsFellowsattendweeklyresearchtalksandtakepartinspecialworkshops,toursandevents.Attheclosingmeetingonposters,studentsarepresentedwithacashaward.Eligibility(资格)●Studentsinterestedinsciencewhohaveshownindependence,creativityandanabilitytodohands-onworkareespeciallyencouragedtoapply.●Applicantsmustbeintheirjunioryear(11thgrade)ofhighschoolatthetimeofapplyingandmustbeatleast16yearsoldbythestartoftheprogram.HousingandpiningDinnerProjectedsummer24programcosts(residential):$2,781.50(includes$600MealPlanand$61.50StudentHealthServicesFee)Residential&Commuter(通勤者)Options:Participants(参与者)maychoosetoliveoncampuswithotherstudentresearchersortocommute.Studentswholiveoncampusaretypicallyhousedinadoubleroominauniversityresidencehall,andareresponsibleforpayingtheirownhousingfeesbeforetheprogramstartdate.Pleasenotethatresidentialstudentsarenotallowedtobringacartocampus.21．WhatshouldparticipantsdointheSimonsSummerResearchProgram?A．Decideontheirfuturecareer. B．LearnaboutSimons’historyC．Visittheirdreamcolleges. D．Designaresearchposter.22．Whichofthefollowingisarequirementfortheapplicants?A．Theirage. B．Theirresidence.C．Theirrelatedexperiences. D．Theirschoolperformance.23．Howmuchisthehousingfeeforaresidentialapplicant?A．$2,781.50. B．$2,720.00. C．$2,181.50. D．$2,120.00.【答案】21．D22．A23．D【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了西蒙斯暑期研究项目的相关信息。21．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“SimonsFellowsarematchedwithStonyBrookstudyadvisors,joinaresearchgrouporteam,andassumeresponsibilityforaproject.TheSimonsFellowsconcludetheirprogrambyproducingaresearchposter.(西蒙斯研究员将与石溪分校的研究顾问配对，加入一个研究小组或团队，并承担一个项目的责任。西蒙斯研究员通过制作研究海报来结束他们的项目)”可知，参与者需要设计一个研究海报。故选D。22．细节理解题。根据Eligibility(资格)部分“Applicantsmustbeintheirjunioryear(11thgrade)ofhighschoolatthetimeofapplyingandmustbeatleast16yearsoldbythestartoftheprogram.(申请者在申请时必须是高中三年级（11年级），并且在项目开始时必须至少16岁)”可知，参与者有年龄要求。故选A。23．细节理解题。根据HousingandpiningDinner部分“Projectedsummer24programcosts(residential):$2,781.50(includes$600MealPlanand$61.50StudentHealthServicesFee(预计24个夏季项目费用（住宿）：2,781.50美元（包括600美元的膳食计划和61.50美元的学生健康服务费用）)”可知，住宿费除去膳食费用和健康服务费用，即，2,781.50美元—600美元—61.50美元=2120美元。故选D。BDuetotherisingcostofrentandseeminglyendlessloanpayments,agrowingnumberoffamiliesarelivinginrecreationalvehiclesandrestoredschoolbuses.Someretireesarechoosingtospendmostoftheyearoncruiseships.ButoneteenagerinGermanyhasdecidedtotakeadvantageofhiscountry’srailsystem,andhasbegunlivingontrainsfull-time.LasseStolleyisa17-year-oldGermansoftwaredeveloperwhospendshismorningsgrabbingbreakfastinsidethefirst-classloungeandhiseveningsinsleepingcars.Heshowersingymsandleisureareas,andwasheshisclothesattrainstations.Hefitsallofhispossessionsintoasinglebackpack,includingthreesetsofclothes,hygienesupplies,sleepingnecessities,andtechnology.Theteenagerhasbeenlivingthiswaysincehewas16,whenhegraduatedfromhighschool.Hesaysthatoriginallyconvincinghisparentswasastruggle,buteventuallytheylethimgo.Atfirst,Stolleyhadtroublesleepingonthetrain.Andhealsohadtobecarefultomakesurehisbelongingsdidn’tgetstolenatnight.Butafterthefirstcoupleofmonths,hewasabletosettleintoaroutineandthoroughlyenjoyhimself.LasseStolleyobtainedaBahnCard100card,allowinghimtoboardanddepartfromanyDeutscheBahnunlimitedly.ItcostsStolleyapproximately€10,000peryear.Sinceamonth’sworthofrentinGermanycosts€942onaverage,trainlifeisanappealingoptionforayoungadultwithdreamsoftravelling.However,Stolleysaysthebestpartisthefreedomofnotbeingboundtooneplace.Heisabletotakeimpromptudaytrips.Onanaverageday,Stolleycantravelover600miles.Nowhehastravelledtomorecountriesthanmanypeopleeverwillintheirlifetime,andheshowsnosignsofstoppinganytimesoon.24．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutStolley?A．Hisactivityvenues. B．Hisworkschedules.C．Hisbasicnecessities. D．Hislifearrangements.25．WhatcanbeinferredaboutStolleyfromparagraph3?A．Heoncehadhisbackpackstolen. B．Heinitiallyhadatoughtimeontrains.C．Hedidn’tgetpermissionfromhisparents. D．Hepackedhisbelongingsinseveralbags.26．What’sthemostattractivetoStolleyabouthistrainlife?A．Heavilydiscountedfares. B．Theflexibilityofremotework.C．Morechancestomakenewfriends. D．Thefreedomtogowherehewants.27．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toappealforlowhouseprices. B．Tointroduceanunusuallifestyle.C．Topromotethespiritofadventure. D．Toexplainthebenefitsoftraintravel.【答案】24．D25．B26．D27．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了德国17岁少年莱斯·斯托利凭借着一张1万欧元的德国国家铁路年票正在环游德国，他长时间住在火车上，平均每日坐车超过600英里。24．主旨大意题。根据第二段“LasseStolleyisa17-year-oldGermansoftwaredeveloperwhospendshismorningsgrabbingbreakfastinsidethefirst-classloungeandhiseveningsinsleepingcars.Heshowersingymsandleisureareas,andwasheshisclothesattrainstations.Hefitsallofhispossessionsintoasinglebackpack,includingthreesetsofclothes,hygienesupplies,sleepingnecessities,andtechnology.(17岁的德国软件开发人员拉斯·斯托利早上在头等舱休息室里吃早餐，晚上在卧铺车厢里度过。他在健身房和休闲区洗澡，在火车站洗衣服。他把所有的东西都装进一个背包里，包括三套衣服、卫生用品、睡眠用品和科技产品)”可知，第二段介绍了斯托利在就餐、睡觉、洗澡、洗衣等生活方面的安排。故选D。25．推理判断题。根据第三段“Atfirst,Stolleyhadtroublesleepingonthetrain.Andhealsohadtobecarefultomakesurehisbelongingsdidn’tgetstolenatnight.(起初，斯托利在火车上睡不着觉。他还必须小心翼翼地确保自己的财物在晚上不被偷走)”可知，他最初在火车上过得很艰难。故选B。26．细节理解题。根据最后一段“However,Stolleysaysthebestpartisthefreedomofnotbeingboundtooneplace.Heisabletotakeimpromptudaytrips.(然而，斯托利说，最好的部分是不被束缚在一个地方的自由。他可以即兴进行一日游)”可知，最吸引他的是能随心所欲地去自己想去的地方。故选D。27．推理判断题。根据第一段“Duetotherisingcostofrentandseeminglyendlessloanpayments,agrowingnumberoffamiliesarelivinginrecreationalvehiclesandrestoredschoolbuses.Someretireesarechoosingtospendmostoftheyearoncruiseships.ButoneteenagerinGermanyhasdecidedtotakeadvantageofhiscountry’srailsystem,andhasbegunlivingontrainsfull-time.(由于房租上涨和没完没了的贷款，越来越多的家庭住在休闲车和修复的校车里。一些退休人员选择在游轮上度过一年的大部分时间。但是德国的一名青少年决定利用他的国家的铁路系统，并开始全职住在火车上)”以及后文提到了人们住在房车、修复的校车和游轮上的生活方式，接着引出了斯托利以火车为家的生活，然后对这种生活方式作了具体介绍。可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一种不寻常的生活方式。故选B。C“Hello.YouareyouandIamI.Wearepeople,alsoknownashumans.ThismakesusdifferentfrommostofthethingsonEarth.”ThisfairlystraightforwardobservationistheopeningspreadofLike,writtenbyAnnieBarrows.Itestablishesasomewhatoddyetmatter-of-facttonewithayoungboyaddressingthereader.Mattersgetmorequizzical-orphilosophical(哲学意义的),ifyouprefer—onthefollowingspread,whichcarefullythinksaboutthewaysinwhichpeoplearedifferentfromonespecificthingonEarth,“Wearenotatallliketincans.Wearenotshapedliketincans.Wecannotholdtomatosauceliketincans.Ifyouopenupourlids,nothinggoodhappens.Wearenotatallliketincans.”Thetargetaudiencewillnodoubtbeamused,aswasI,andperhapsreassured.Likenextmatchespeoplewiththeswimmingpools,“Wearealittlebitmorelikeaswimmingpoolthanatincan.Wehavewaterandchemicalsanddirtinsideus.Butunlikeaswimmingpoolwedon’thavepeoplesplashingaroundinsideus.”Mushrooms,welearn,differfromtincansandswimmingpoolsbybeingalive,andbygrowingandreproducing-humantraits,too!Mushrooms,however,don’thavemouthsandbrains.Butwait:Hyenashaveallthat.Theyrunaroundreallyfast,likewedo...Buthyenasdon’tsaywords.Theydon’ttellstories.Theydon’tgetembarrassed,evenwhenthey’recaughteatingsomethingofftheground.Wheretogofromthere?“Lookatallthesepeople,thetextexclaimsovertheillustrationfullofpeopleofseeminglyeverysize,shape,color,ageandmeansofmobility.Theyarenotexactlylikeus.Buttheyaremorelikeusthantheyaredifferent.”“IammorelikeyouthanIamlikemostofthethingsonEarth,thenarratorconcludes.I’mglad.I’dratherbelikeyouthanamushroom-anappealingandinarguableunderstanding.”28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“quizzical”meaninthesecondparagraph?A．Definite. B．Consistent. C．Unusual. D．Ambiguous.29．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingismostlikehumans?A．Hyenas. B．Tincans. C．Mushrooms. D．Swimmingpools.30．Howisthewriter’sideamainlydevelopedinthepassage?A．Bydescribingindetails. B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byanalyzingcausesandeffects. D．Bypresentingproblemsandsolutions.31．Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Ananimalencyclopedia. B．Astoryentry.C．Aphilosophicaltextbook. D．Abookreview.【答案】28．C29．A30．B31．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章简单介绍了一本书Like，书中作者将人与锡罐、游泳池、蘑菇和鬣狗等进行比较，揭示出作为“人”的我们，具有独有的特征。28．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“ThisfairlystraightforwardobservationistheopeningspreadofLike,writtenbyAnnieBarrows.Itestablishesasomewhatoddyetmatter-of-facttonewithayoungboyaddressingthereader.(这个相当直接的评论是安妮·巴罗斯写的《Like》的开篇。它建立了一种有点奇怪但实事求是的语气，一个小男孩向读者讲话。)”和下文““Wearenotatallliketincans.Wearenotshapedliketincans.Wecannotholdtomatosauceliketincans.Ifyouopenupourlids,nothinggoodhappens.Wearenotatallliketincans.”(“我们一点也不像锡罐。我们的形状不像锡罐。我们不能像装罐头一样装番茄酱。如果你打开我们的盖子，不会有什么好事发生。我们一点也不像锡罐。”)”可知，书的开头一章，叙述方式有些不寻常，结合本句后面作者将人与锡罐比较，以此说明人的本性。所以推测本句意为，“在接下来的章节，事情变得更加不寻常”，由此可知，quizzical意为“不同寻常的”。故选C。29．细节理解题。根据文章第二段““Wearenotatallliketincans.Wearenotshapedliketincans.Wecannotholdtomatosauceliketincans.Ifyouopenupourlids,nothinggoodhappens.Wearenotatallliketincans.”(“我们一点也不像锡罐。我们的形状不像锡罐。我们不能像装罐头一样装番茄酱。如果你打开我们的盖子，不会有什么好事发生。我们一点也不像锡罐。”)”和第三段“Likenextmatchespeoplewiththeswimmingpools,“Wearealittlebitmorelikeaswimmingpoolthanatincan.Wehavewaterandchemicalsanddirtinsideus.Butunlikeaswimmingpoolwedon’thavepeoplesplashingaroundinsideus.”Mushrooms,welearn,differfromtincansandswimmingpoolsbybeingalive,andbygrowingandreproducing-humantraits,too!Mushrooms,however,don’thavemouthsandbrains.Butwait:Hyenashaveallthat.(就像next将人们与游泳池相匹配，“我们更像一个游泳池而不是一个锡罐。我们体内有水、化学物质和污垢。但不像游泳池，我们不会有人在里面溅水。”我们了解到，蘑菇与锡罐和游泳池的不同之处在于它是有生命的，而且还能生长和繁殖——这也是人类的特征！然而，蘑菇没有嘴和大脑。但是等等：鬣狗拥有所有这些。)”可知，文章将锡罐、游泳池、蘑菇和鬣狗与人类逐个比较。锡罐能盛东西，而人脑不能。人体与游泳池有着类似的内容，但人体内没有人在游泳。蘑菇是活的，更像人类，但没有嘴巴和大脑。鬣狗有嘴巴和大脑，最像人类。故选A。30．推理判断题。根据文章第二段““Wearenotatallliketincans.Wearenotshapedliketincans.Wecannotholdtomatosauceliketincans.Ifyouopenupourlids,nothinggoodhappens.Wearenotatallliketincans.”(“我们一点也不像锡罐。我们的形状不像锡罐。我们不能像装罐头一样装番茄酱。如果你打开我们的盖子，不会有什么好事发生。我们一点也不像锡罐。”)”和第三段“Likenextmatchespeoplewiththeswimmingpools,“Wearealittlebitmorelikeaswimmingpoolthanatincan.Wehavewaterandchemicalsanddirtinsideus.Butunlikeaswimmingpoolwedon’thavepeoplesplashingaroundinsideus.”Mushrooms,welearn,differfromtincansandswimmingpoolsbybeingalive,andbygrowingandreproducing-humantraits,too!Mushrooms,however,don’thavemouthsandbrains.Butwait:Hyenashaveallthat.(就像next将人们与游泳池相匹配，“我们更像一个游泳池而不是一个锡罐。我们体内有水、化学物质和污垢。但不像游泳池，我们不会有人在里面溅水。”我们了解到，蘑菇与锡罐和游泳池的不同之处在于它是有生命的，而且还能生长和繁殖——这也是人类的特征！然而，蘑菇没有嘴和大脑。但是等等：鬣狗拥有所有这些。)”可知，文章将锡罐、游泳池、蘑菇和鬣狗与人类进行比较，做比较是作者表达的主要方式。故选B。31．推理判断题。根据文章第一段““Hello.YouareyouandIamI.Wearepeople,alsoknownashumans.ThismakesusdifferentfrommostofthethingsonEarth.”ThisfairlystraightforwardobservationistheopeningspreadofLike,writtenbyAnnieBarrows.Itestablishesasomewhatoddyetmatter-of-facttonewithayoungboyaddressingthereader.(“你好。你是你，我是我，我们是人，也被称为人类。这使我们与地球上的大多数生物不同。”这个相当直接的评论是安妮·巴罗斯写的《Like》的开篇。它建立了一种有点奇怪但实事求是的语气，一个小男孩向读者讲话。)”可知，本文是对一本书进行简要介绍和评述。故选D。DAtechnologywithrootsgoingbacktotheBronzeAgemayofferafastandinexpensiveapproachtohelpingachievetheUnitedNationsclimategoalofnetzeroemissionsby2050,accordingtorecentStanford-ledresearch.Thetechnologyinvolvesfittingheat-absorbingbricksinaninsulated(隔热的)container,wheretheycanstoreheatgeneratedbysolarorwindpowerforlateruseinindustrialprocesses.Theheatcanthenbereleasedwhenneededbypassingairthroughchannelsinthepilesof“firebricks”,thusallowingcement,steel,glass,andpaperfactoriestorunonrenewableenergyevenwhenwindandsunshineareunavailable.Thesesystemsareaformofthermalenergy(热能)storage.Thebricksaremadefromthesamematerialsasthebricksthatlinedprimitivekilns(窑)thousandsofyearsago.Batteriescanstoreelectricityandprovideittogenerateheatondemand.“Thedifferencesbetweenfirebrickstorageandbatterystoragearethatthefirebricksstoreheatratherthanelectricityandthattheircostisone-tenththecostofbatteries,”saidleadstudyauthorMarkZ.Jacobson,aprofessoratStanfordUniversity.“Thematerialsarebasicallyjustthecomponentsofdirt.”Theresearchersadoptedcomputermodelstocomparecosts,landneeds,healthimpacts,andemissionsinvolvedintwoscenariosforanimaginedfuturewhere149countriesin2050areusingrenewablesourcesforallenergypurposes.Inonescenario,firebricksprovide90%ofindustrialprocessheat.Intheother,there’szeroadoptionoffirebricksorotherformsofthermalenergystorage.Theresearchersfoundthescenariowithfirebrickscouldcutcostsby$1.27trillionacrossthe149countries,whilereducingthedemandforelectricalenergyandenergystoragecapacityfrombatteries.Jacobson’sfocusonfirebricksisrelativelynew,inspiredbyadesiretoidentifyeffectivesolutionsthatcouldbeadoptedquickly.“HereIcanseeasubstantialbenefitsatlowcostfrommultipleangles,fromhelpingreduceairpollutiondeathstomakingiteasiertoturntheworldtocleanenergy,”hesaid.32．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．Howfirebrickstoragetechnologyworks. B．Howfirebricksareproducedsustainably.C．Whatthermalenergymeansscientifically. D．Whatthermalenergystorageisusedtodo.33．Whatadvantagesdofirebrickhaveoverbattery?A．Firebrickcanstoreheatandcostless. B．Firebrickcangeneratemoreelectricity.C．Firebrickcanprovideheatmorequickly. D．Firebrickismadeofmoreadvancedmaterials.34．Whyarethecomputermodelsadopted?A．Totestthedurabilityoffirebricks. B．Tocutthecostsoffirebricks.C．Toexploretheeffectivenessoffirebricks. D．Totestenergystoragecapacityoffirebricks.35．Whatmightbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Theusageoffirebrickscanreplacebatteries.B．Embracingrenewableelectricitybecomespossible.C．Innovativesystemsturnheatintoelectricitycheaply.D．Anoldtechnologycanaidtheswitchtocleanenergy.【答案】32．A33．A34．C35．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了古老火砖技术如何通过储存热能，帮助实现工业过程的可再生能源使用，从而助力全球净零排放目标的实现。32．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thetechnologyinvolvesfittingheat-absorbingbricksinaninsulated(隔热的)container,wheretheycanstoreheatgeneratedbysolarorwindpowerforlateruseinindustrialprocesses.Theheatcanthenbereleasedwhenneededbypassingairthroughchannelsinthepilesof“firebricks”,thusallowingcement,steel,glass,andpaperfactoriestorunonrenewableenergyevenwhenwindandsunshineareunavailable.Thesesystemsareaformofthermalenergy(热能)storage.(这项技术涉及在隔热容器中安装吸热砖，这些砖可以储存由太阳能或风能产生的热量，以便在工业过程中后续使用。当需要时，可以通过在“耐火砖”堆中的通道通过空气来释放热量，从而使水泥、钢铁、玻璃和造纸厂能够在没有风和阳光的情况下依然依靠可再生能源运行。这些系统是热能存储的一种形式)”可知，本段详细说明了耐火砖储能技术是将吸热砖组装在隔热容器中，用来储存太阳能或风能产生的热量以便之后使用等内容，即这项技术的工作原理。故选A项。33．细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Thedifferencesbetweenfirebrickstorageandbatterystoragearethatthefirebricksstoreheatratherthanelectricityandthattheircostisone-tenththecostofbatteries,”saidleadstudyauthorMarkZ.Jacobson,aprofessoratStanfordUniversity.(“耐火砖存储与电池存储的区别在于，耐火砖储存的是热量而不是电力，并且其成本仅为电池的十分之一，”该研究的主要作者、斯坦福大学的教授马克·雅各布森说道)”可知，耐火砖储能与电池储能的差异在于耐火砖储存热量而非电力，且成本是电池的十分之一。故选A项。34．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Theresearchersfoundthescenariowithfirebrickscouldcutcostsby$1.27trillionacrossthe149countries,whilereducingthedemandforelectricalenergyandenergystoragecapacityfrombatteries.(研究人员发现，使用耐火砖的场景可以在这149个国家中削减1.27万亿美元的成本，同时减少对电能的需求以及来自电池的储能容量需求)”可知，研究者用模型对比两种未来可再生能源场景，涉及耐火砖在其中的作用及优势，故推知，采用计算机模型是为了探索耐火砖的有效性。故选C项。35．主旨大意题。根据全文内容及第一段“AtechnologywithrootsgoingbacktotheBronzeAgemayofferafastandinexpensiveapproachtohelpingachievetheUnitedNationsclimategoalofnetzeroemissionsby2050,accordingtorecentStanford-ledresearch.(根据最近由斯坦福大学主导的研究，一种可以追溯到青铜时代的科技可能提供