2022年广东省中山市高三上学期期末考试英语试题

中山市高三年级2021-2022学年度第一学期期末统一考试英语科试卷本试卷共8页，三部分，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡的卷头上。2．选择题每小题选出签案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4．考生必须保持答题卡的整沽，考试结来后，将答题卡交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）ACheckoutournewSpringGroupKayaking(皮艇)Tourandjoinusforsomefreshairandexercise!GroupKayakFitnessSuitableforexperiencedpaddlersonly.Coffee/teaisnotcurrentlyprovided,butyoucancertainlybringyourowninareusablecup!$50perclass.PleaseemailLaura@.aufordetailsonhowtopurchasea10classpass.SocialPaddleSuitableforalllevelsoffitness.AshorterpaddlearoundLavenderBay.Agreatwaytotrykayakingandsimplygetoutsideforsomegentleexercise.Coffee/teaisnotcurrentlyprovided,butyoucancertainlybringyourowninareusablecup!$60perclass.PleaseemailSusan@.aufordetailsonhowtopurchasea10classpass.Clean-upKayakTourSuitableforalllevelsoffitness.AshorterpaddlearoundLavenderBay,pickinguprubbish.Agreatwaytotrykayaking,getoutsideforsomegentleexerciseandhelptheenvironmentatthesametime.Coffee/teaisprovided!$50pertour.PleaseemailJenny@.aufordetailsonhowtopurchasea10classpass.SunriseKayakandCoffeeSuitableforbeginners.Ourflagshiptour!AlongerpaddleatSunrisewithlotsofbreakslearningsomeofthehistoryofSydney.Alongertimeonthewater,butwithlotsoftouristystopsforphotosandstories.EnjoywatchingthesunriseonaveryquietSydneyHarbor.Coffee/teaisprovidedonthispaddle.Orderedattimeofbooking.$145perperson,pertour.PleaseemailAnna@.aufordetails.1.Whichtourisunfitforinexperiencedpaddlers?A.GroupKayakFitness. B.SocialPaddle.C.Clean-upKayakTour. D.SunriseKayakandCoffee.2.WhatisthespecialpartofClean-upKayakTour?A.Thepaddlerscanhavecoffee.B.Thepaddlerscansavesomemoney.C.ThepaddlerscantravelaroundLavenderBay.D.Thepaddlerscanpickupsomegarbage3.Whiche-mailaddresscanbeusediftravelerswanttoknowhistoryofSydney?A.Susan@.au. B.Laura@.au.C.Anna@.au. D.Jenny@.au.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【分析】本文是应用文。是一篇介绍春季皮划艇旅行团的广告。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一个小标题GroupKayakFitness下的第一句“Suitableforexperiencedpaddlersonly.(只适合有经验的划手。)”可知，GroupKayakFitness项目不适合没有经验的划手。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三个小标题Clean-upKayakTour下的“.AshorterpaddlearoundLavenderBay,pickinguprubbish.(绕着拉文德湾游一圈，捡垃圾。)”可知，Clean-upKayakTour项目的特别之处是可以捡垃圾。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四个小标题SunriseKayakandCoffee中的“AlongerpaddleatSunrisewithlotsofbreakslearningsomeofthehistoryofSydney.(从日出开始，这是一个较长的划桨体验，期间有许多休息时间可以学习一些悉尼的历史。)”及“PleaseemailAnna@.aufordetails.(详情请发邮件Anna@.au。)”可知，想了解悉尼的历史可发送邮件到Anna@.au.这个邮箱。故选C。BAmanisluckytobealiveafterahorriblemeetwithabearinAlaska.Theunidentifiedman,whoissaidtobeinhis50s,spentseveraldaysfightingforsurvivalinthewildernessasabearfollowedhim—butthenaCoastGuardhelicopterteamcametohisrescueonFriday,July16.CommanderCarbajaltoldthenewspaperthattheirCoastGuardhelicopterhadchangedcoursetoavoidcloudcoverontheirwaytoataskwhentheshockingdiscoverywasmade.ThoughitwasuncommonfortheCoastGuardtocomeacrosspeopleinneedinthemiddleofnowhere,theynoticedashack(棚屋)with“SOS”and“helpme”writtenontheroof.ThemanlatertoldhisrescuershehadbeenstayingattheshacksinceJuly12.Inthosefivedayshesufferednon-life-threateninginjuries,includingdamagetohisleg.“Hewaskindofstruggling.Whenwecamearound,hewasonhishandsandkneeswavingawhiteflag.”CommanderCarbajalsaid.“Hedefinitelylookedlikehehadbeenoutthereforawhile,”headded.“Atsomepoint,abearhaddraggedhimdowntotheriver,”CommanderCarbajalsaid.“Hehadagunbutthebulletswerenotenough.Hesaidthatthebearkeptcomingbackeverynightandhehadn'tsleptforafewdays.”Itisreportedthat68peopleinthestateweresenttohospitalsin66bearattacksfrom2000to2017.Tenpeoplediedfrombearattacksduringthatperiod.USATodaynotedthatallthreespeciesofNorthAmericanbears—includingblack,brownandpolarbears—liveinAlaska.4.Whendidthemanbegintostayattheshack?A.OnFriday. B.OnMonday. C.OnTuesday. D.OnSaturday.5.Whatwasthefirstjobofthehelicopter?A.Rescuingtheman. B.CheckingtheSOSsignal.C.Carryingouttheirowntask. D.Collectinginformationofthecloud.6.Howdidthemanfeelwhenrescued?A.Wormed. B.Frightened. C.Shocked. D.Relaxed.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.ItisdangeroustotravelinthewildofAlaska.B.Thereisahighchancetoliveaftermeetingbears.C.ItisunrealistictotravelinthewildinAlaska.D.Sixtyeightpeoplelosttheirlivesbecauseofbears.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。讲述了一名男子在阿拉斯加遭遇了可怕的熊后获救的过程。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Theunidentifiedman,whoissaidtobeinhis50s,spentseveraldaysfightingforsurvivalinthewildernessasabearfollowedhim—butthenaCoastGuardhelicopterteamcametohisrescueonFriday,July16.(这名身份不明的男子据说50多岁，在荒野中为了生存挣扎了好几天，一只熊跟着他——但随后，7月16日周五，海岸警卫队的直升机队来到了他的救援现场)”和文章第三段“ThemanlatertoldhisrescuershehadbeenstayingattheshacksinceJuly12.(这名男子后来告诉救援人员，他从7月12日起就一直住在这个棚屋里。)”可知，他从周一就待在棚屋里。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“CommanderCarbajaitoldthenewspaperthattheirCoastGuardhelicopterhadchangedcoursetoavoidcloudcoverontheirwaytoataskwhentheshockingdiscoverywasmade.(指挥官Carbajai告诉报纸，他们的海岸警卫队直升机在执行任务的途中改变了航线，以避开云层，这一令人震惊的发现就发生了)”可知，直升机在执行自己的任务。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Hehadagunbutthebulletswerenotenough.Hesaidthatthebearkeptcomingbackeverynightandhehadn'tsleptforafewdays.(他有枪，但子弹不够。他说熊每天晚上都回来，他已经好几天没睡了)”可推知，在获救时，这名男子感到害怕。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Itisreportedthat68peopleinthestateweresenttohospitalsin66bearattacksfrom2000to2017.Tenpeoplediedfrombearattacksduringthatperiod.USATodaynotedthatallthreespeciesofNorthAmericanbears—includingblack,brownandpolarbears—liveinAlaska.(据报道，从2000年到2017年，该州有68人在66起熊袭击事件中被送往医院。在此期间，有10人死于熊的袭击。《今日美国》指出，北美所有三种熊——包括黑熊、棕熊和北极熊——都生活在阿拉斯加。)”可推知，在阿拉斯加的野外旅行是危险的。故选A。CGoingtosleepatacertaintimeisassociatedwithalowerriskofdevelopingheartdisease,accordingtoresearchers.AteamledbytheU.K.-basedUniversityofExeterfoundthatgoingtosleepbetween10and11p.m.wasbeneficialcomparedtoearlierorlaterbedtimes.Theresearchincluded88,000participantsintheU.K.Biobankwhowererecruitedbetween2006and2010.Theaverageageofthegroup—rangingfrom43to79yearsold—was61and58percentwerewomen.Participantsfilledoutdemographic(人口统计的),lifestyle,healthandphysicalquestionnaires,accordingtoaEuropeanSocietyofCardiologynewsrelease.Thestudylookedattheassociationbetweenobjectivelymeasuredsleeponsettimingandcardiovasculardiseaseusingwrist-wornaccelerometers,collectingaweek’sworthofdata.UsingCoxproportionalhazardsmodels,anage-andsex-controlledbaseanalysisfoundthatsleeponsettimeof10to10:59p.m.wasassociatedwiththelowestincidenceofcardiovascular(心血管的)disease.Anothermodelthatcontrolledforsleepduration,sleepirregularityandestablishedcardiovascularriskfactorslikesmokingstatusandbodymassindexdidnotreducetheimpactoftheassociation.Therewasa25percenthigherriskofcardiovasculardiseasewithsleeponsetatmidnightorlater,a12percentgreaterriskfor11to11:59p.m.anda24percentraisedriskforfallingasleepbefore10p.m.comparedtosleeponsetfrom10to10:59p.m.Morethan3,170cases,or3.6percent,werereportedduringanaveragefollow-upperiodofnearlysixyears.Sensitivityanalysesrevealedtheassociationwithincreasedriskofcardiovasculardiseasewasstrongerinwomen,withonlysleeponsetearlierthan10p.m.significantformen.“Thebodyhasa24-hourinternalclock,calledcircadianrhythm(昼夜节律),thathelpsregulatephysicalandmentalfunctioning,”studyauthorDavidPlansoftheUniversityofExetersaidinastatement.“Whilewecannotconcludecausationfromourstudy,theresultssuggestthatearlyorlatebedtimesmaybemorelikelytodisruptthebodyclock,withadverseconsequencesforcardiovascularhealth.”8.Howmanyparticipantsaremaleinthestudy?A.34,320. B.51,040. C.53,680. D.36,960.9.Whichofthefollowingcanreducetheriskofheartdiseaseaccordingthepassage?A.Sleepingregularly. B.Sleepingatapropertime.C.Adjustingthebodyclock. D.Increasingsleeptime.10.Whichofthefollowingistheworstsleeponsettimeaccordingtothepassage?A.9:00p.m.. B.10:30p.m.. C.11:00p.m.. D.12:00p.m..11.HowisParagraph4mainlydeveloped?A.Bylistingdata. B.Bygivingexample.C.Byanalyzingcauses. D.Rydescribingaprocess.【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了睡觉时间对健康的影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theresearchincluded88,000participantsintheU.K.Theaverageageofthegroup—rangingfrom43to79yearsold—was61and58percentwerewomen.(调查包括88000个参与者，年龄从43岁到79岁，61%至58%是女性)”可知，大约39%至42%是男性。由此可计算出男性参与者大约36,960人。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“AteamledbytheU.K.-basedUniversityofExeterfoundthatgoingtosleepbetween10and11p.m.wasbeneficialcomparedtoearlierorlaterbedtimes.(英国Exeter大学的一个小组发现晚上10点至11点是相对最佳休息时间)”可知在适当的时间休息可以减低得心脏病的几率。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Therewasa25percenthigherriskofcardiovasculardiseasewithsleeponsetatmidnightorlater,a12percentgreaterriskfor11to11:59p.m.anda24percentraisedriskforfallingasleepbefore10p.m.comparedtosleeponsetfrom10to10:59p.m.(相对于在10to10:59p.m.休息，在子夜或者子夜以后休息，得心血管病的几率是25%；在11to11:59p.m.是12%；在10p.m.以前是24%)”可知在子夜或者子夜以后休息是最不健康的休息时间。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“25percent”，“12percent”，“24percent”，“Morethan3,170cases”可知第四段主要通过数据来说明问题。故选A。DChinesepainterspaintedonvariousmaterialsinmanyformats.Themostpopularmaterialswiththeearliestartistswerewoodandbamboobutthenthefollowingwereadopted:plasteredwalls,silk,andpaper.Canvaswouldonlybeusedwidelyfromthe8thcenturyCE.Brushesweremadefromanimalhair,cuttoataperingendandtiedtoabambooorwoodhandle.Significantly,theywerepreciselythesameinstrumentsusedbythecalligrapher.Theinksusedweremadefromrubbingadriedcakeofanimalorvegetablemattermixedwithmineralsandglueagainstawetstone.Eachartisthadtolaboriously(辛苦地)maketheirowninksastherewasnocommercialproductionofthem.ThetwomostpopularthemesofChinesepaintingwereportraitsandlandscapes.PortraitsinChineseartbeganintheWarringStatesPeriodandweretraditionallyrenderedwithgreatrestraint,usuallybecausethesubjectwasagreatscholar,monkorcourtofficialandsoshould,bydefinition,haveagoodmoralcharacterwhichshouldbeportrayedwithrespectbytheartist.Forthisreason,facesareoftenseeminglyimpassive(面无表情的)withonlythemeresthintofemotionorcharactersubtlyexpressed.Oftenthecharacterofthesubjectismuchmoreclearlyexpressedintheirattitudeandrelationshiptootherpeopleinthepicture;thisisespeciallytrueofportraitsofemperorsandBuddhistfigures.Landscapepaintinghadbeenaroundaslongasartistshad,butthegenrereallytookoffduringtheTangdynastywhenartistsbecamemuchmoreconcernedwithhumanity’splaceinnature.Typically,smallhumanfiguresguidetheviewerthroughapanoramic(全景的)landscapeofmountainsandriversinTangpaintings.ItshouldbenosurprisethatmountainsandwaterdominatedlandscapepaintingastheverywordinChineseforlandscapetranslatesliterallyas“mountain-and-water”.Treesandrocksarealsofeaturedandthewholesceneisusuallymeanttocaptureaparticularseasonoftheyear.Colourswerelimitedinuse,eithereverythinginvariousshadesofasinglecolour(illustratingtherootsincalligraphy)ortwocolourscombined,usuallybluesandgreens.12.Whichofthefollowingisthelatestmaterialusedbyancientartists?A.Bamboo. B.Canvas. C.Paper. D.Silk.13.Whydidartistsmakeinksthemselves?A.Noonesentinkstocalligraphers.B.Theywantedtomakesuitableinksforthem.C.Noinksweresoldinthemarkets.D.Thematerialsusedwereeasytofind.14.Whoismostlikelytobethefigureintheportraitaccordingtothepassage?A.Aneducator. B.Asinger. C.Acowboy. D.Abusinessman.15.WhatbegantoriseintheTangDynasty?A.Portraits. B.Landscapes. C.Wallpaintings. D.Calligraphy.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国画所作画的材料，中国画的内容以及中国画最受欢迎的主题。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Themostpopularmaterialswiththeearliestartistswerewoodandbamboobutthenthefollowingwereadopted:plasteredwalls,silk,andpaper.Canvaswouldonlybeusedwidelyfromthe8thcenturyCE.(最早的艺术家最流行的材料是木头和竹子，但随后又被采用了：灰泥墙、丝绸和纸。画布直到公元8世纪才被广泛使用)”可知，画布是古代艺术家使用的最新材料。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Eachartisthadtolaboriouslymaketheirowninksastherewasnocommercialproductionofthem.(由于没有商业化生产，每位艺术家都不得不辛苦地制作自己的油墨)”可知，画家们自己制作油墨的原因是没有商业化生产，即市场上买不到。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“PortraitsinChineseartbeganintheWarringStatesPeriodandweretraditionallyrenderedwithgreatrestraint,usuallybecausethesubjectwasagreatscholar,monkorcourtofficialandsoshould,bydefinition,haveagoodmoralcharacterwhichshouldbeportrayedwithrespectbytheartist.(中国艺术中的肖像创作始于战国时期，传统上表现得非常克制，因为描绘的对象通常是伟大的学者、和尚或朝臣，按照定义，他们应该具有良好的道德品质，应该受到艺术家的尊重)”可知，中国的肖像画的描绘对象通常是具有良好道德品质的伟大的学者、和尚或朝臣。由此推知，教育家最有可能是肖像画所描绘的对象。故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Landscapepaintinghadbeenaroundaslongasartistshad,butthegenrereallytookoffduringtheTangdynastywhenartistsbecamemuchmoreconcernedwithhumanity’splaceinnature.(山水画的历史和艺术家一样悠久，但山水画真正腾飞是在唐朝，当时的艺术家更加关注人类在自然中的地位)”可知，山水画在唐朝兴起并且腾飞。故选B。第二节(共5题，小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhyNotBuildADIYEbike?Buyinganelectricbicycleisagreatwaytogetgoingquicklyandenjoytheimmediatesatisfactionofgettingaroundonanebike.____16____Herearesomeofthebestreasons.SavemoneywithaDIYebike.Whenyoubuyanelectricbicycle,youaren'tjustpayingfortheebike.____17____Byconverting(改装)abicycleyourself,youcansaveabunchofmoney.Whenyoudecidetoconvertyourownbicycleintoanelectricbicycle,youjustpayfortheebikepartsthemselves.Gaincontrolwhenbuildingyourownebike.Whenyouchooseyourownparts,youhavetotalcontrolovertheperformanceofyourebike.Thisappliesmoretochoosingpartsindividually,butevenbuyingacompleteelectricbicycleconversionkit(成套的组合部件)isagreatwaytogo.Therearesomanydifferentkitsforeveryone.____18____ADIYebikemeansabetterbicycle.Adirtysecretoftheebikeindustryisthatmanyebikeproducersskimpanthequalityoftheactualbicycle,sothattheycanbringthepricedownenough._____19_________20____Thelastandperhapsbestreasonforconvertingyourownbicycleintoanebikeissimplythesenseoffulfillment.Yougetagreatfeelingeverydaywhenyourideyourebike,knowingthatyouaredoingagoodthingfortheenvironmentandthatyouarealsoridingsomethingyoubuiltwithyourowntwohands.A.Youcanstartwithasimpleelectricbicycle.B.Asaresult,theycanattractmoreconsumers.C.Beproudofbuildingyourownelectricbicycle.D.You'reactuallycoveringallthecostoftheebike.E.Doyourownelectricbicycleconversionwithoutanyhelp.F.Thekityouchoosewilllargelydependonyourowndesires.G.However,convertingyourownbicycleintoanebikeisbetter.【答案】16.G17.D18.F19.B20.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了虽然买一辆电动自行车是一个快速出行的好方法，但是自己动手把自行车改装成电动车会有很多好处。【16题详解】上文“Buyinganelectricbicycleisagreatwaytogetgoingquicklyandenjoytheimmediatesatisfactionofgettingaroundonanebike.”（买一辆电动自行车是一个快速出行好方法，并能享受骑着电动自行车四处走动时的即时满足感。）可知，买电动车是一个迅速出行的好方法；后文“herearesomeofthebestreasonstogowithaDIYebike.”(下面是一些DIY电动自行车的最佳理由。)可知，空处承上启下，语意上表示转折，引出自己动手改装电动自行车的话题，G项“However,convertingyourownbicycleintoanebikeisbetter.”（然而，把你自己的自行车改装成电动自行车更好），符合语境。故选G项。【17题详解】上文“Whenyoubuyanelectricbicycle,youaren’tjustpayingfortheebike”（当你买一辆电动自行车时，你不仅仅是在为电动车买单）可知，当你买电动自行车的时候，你不仅仅是在买电动自行车，空处应是接着说还支付了哪些费用；D项You'reactuallycoveringallthecostoftheebike.（实际上你已经支付了这辆电动自行车的所有隐形费用）承接上文，衔接紧密。故选D项。【18题详解】上文“Therearesomanydifferentkitsoutthereforeveryone.”（对于每个人，都有很多不同的套件。）可知，有多种配件供人们选择；F项“Thekityouchoosewilllargelydependonyourowndesires.”（你选择的装备很大程度上取决于你自己的意愿），前文给出人们有很多种选择的机会，所以你可以按自己的意愿来选择。并且F项中的kit与空前一句中acompleteelectricbicycleconversionkit相呼应，符合语境。故选F项。【19题详解】上文“manyebikeproducersskimpon(克扣)thequalityoftheactualbicycle,sothattheycantrytobringthepricedownenough.”（许多ebike生产商节省实际的自行车的质量，这样他们可以把价格降下来。）可知，许多电动自行车生产商克扣自行车的质量，这样他们可以把价格降到足够低，价格低应是能够吸引更多消费者，所以B项“Asaresult,theycanattractmoreconsumers.”（因此，他们可以吸引更多的消费者）符合语境，与空前形成因果关系。故选B项。【20题详解】空处位于句首，是本段的主题句，根据空后一句“Thelastandperhapsbestreasonforconvertingyourownbicycletoelectricdriveissimplythesenseofaccomplishment.”(最后一个或许也是最好的理由是，把你自己的自行车变成电动自行车是一种成就感)及下一句中的“agreatfeeling”可知，自己动手改装自行车会有一种成就感；C项“Beproudofbuildingyourownelectricbicycle.”（你会为自己改装的电动自行车而自豪）符合语境。故选C项。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、BC、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ZhangYingying,directorofShenzhenYuyanCaringandCareerDevelopmentCenterfortheDisabled,wasawardedthetitleof8thNationalMoralModel.SheisthesixthpersonfromShenzhentoreceivethe____21____.Althoughsheis____22____handicappedandneedsawheelchair,Zhangiscommittedto____23____thedisabledwithemploymentandentrepreneurshipbyestablishingfoursocialorganizations,twoenterprisesandproviding____24____forover2,700disabledpeoplefor10years.Zhanghadpolioinchildhood,which____25____herlegmuscles.However,shedidn'tgiveupherpassionfor____26____.Withherfamily’scare,shegrewupintoanoutgoing,____27____andself-reliantwomanwithagenerousandhelpful____28____.Thewell-educatedandoptimisticwoman____29____Shenzhen,acitywithvitality,inclusivenessandfriendlinesstostarthercareerservingdisabledpeopleaftergraduatingfromuniversityin2011.“Itisnoteasyforpeoplewithdisabilitiestofindajob,butShenzhen'swarmthandinclusivenesshad____30____mydecisiontostay,”shesaid.“Iwantedto____31____stereotypesaboutthedisabled.Theircareerchoicesarenotlimitedtofactoryworkersormassagetherapists,”Zhangsaid.In2016,she____32____herjob,andregisteredandestablishedYuyancenter.Thecenterhas90percentofemployeesfromdisabledpeople'sfamilies.In2018,Zhangsetupanemploymentandentrepreneurshipbaseforthedisabled,calledICAichuangSpace.TheICAichuangSpaceprojecttrainsthedisabledpeopleto____33____variousbusinesses’needssothattheywould____34____formorediversepositionsinthejobmarket.Asofnow,theprojecthasdevelopedmorethan10kindsofjobsforthedisabled.Somepeoplewith____35____disabilitiescanevenworkfromhome.21.A.money B.reward C.honor D.payment22.A.physically B.mentally C.psychologically D.morally23.A.curing B.assisting C.encouraging D.comforting24.A.inhabitation B.occupation C.transportation D.enterprise25.A.broke B.facilitated C.weakened D.developed26.A.art B.sport C.study D.life27.A.confident B.selfless C.healthy D.muscular28.A.lung B.stomach C.liver D.heart29.A.abandoned B.chose C.begged D.forced30.A.restarted B.limited C.strengthened D.postponed31.A.breakdown B.setup C.learnabout D.carefor32.A.lost B.spot C.started D.quit33.A.share B.shift C.meet D.understand34.A.qualify B.arrange C.account D.answer35A.mild B.dangerous C.elegant D.severe【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.B25.C26.D27.A28.D29.B30.C31.A32.D33.C34.A35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了第八届全国道德模范称号获得者，深圳市玉燕残疾人关爱与职业发展中心的张莹莹，她身患残疾，但慷慨、乐观、乐于助人，她致力于帮助残疾人就业和创业，成立了4个社会组织和2家企业，10年来为2700多名残疾人提供了就业机会。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是第六个获得这一荣誉的深圳人。A.money钱；B.reward奖励；C.honor荣誉；D.payment支付，报答。根据上文“ZhangYingying,directorofShenzhenYuyanCaringandCareerDevelopmentCenterfortheDisabled,wasawardedthetitleof8thNationalMoralModel.”可知，深圳市玉燕残疾人关爱与职业发展中心主任张莹莹被授予第八届全国道德模范称号。故选C项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她致力于帮助残疾人就业和创业，成立了4个社会组织和2家企业，10年来为2700多名残疾人提供了就业机会。A.physically身体上；B.mentally精神上；C.psychologically心理上；D.morally道德上。根据句中“needsawheelchair”可知，张莹莹身患残疾。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她致力于帮助残疾人就业和创业，成立了4个社会组织和2家企业，10年来为2700多名残疾人提供了就业机会。A.curing治疗；B.assisting帮助；C.encouraging鼓励；D.comforting安慰。根据句中“byestablishingfoursocialorganizations,twoenterprisesandproviding4forover2,700disabledpeoplefor10years.”可知，张莹莹成立的社会组织和企业，“帮助”了残疾人就业和创业。短语assistsbwithsth意为“帮助某人做某事”。故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她致力于帮助残疾人就业和创业，成立了4个社会组织和2家企业，10年来为2700多名残疾人提供了就业机会。A.inhabitation栖息，居住；B.occupation工作，职业；C.transportation运输；D.enterprise企业。根据句中“Zhangiscommittedto2thedisabledwithemploymentandentrepreneurshipbyestablishingfoursocialorganizations,twoenterprises”可知，张莹莹成立的社会组织和企业，为残疾人提供了“工作”机会。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：张莹莹小时候患有小儿麻痹症，这使她腿部肌肉（力量）变弱。A.broke中断，破坏；B.facilitated使……便利；C.weakened使……变弱；D.developed发展。根据第二段第一句“Althoughsheis2handicappedandneedsawheelchair”及语境可知，张莹莹出入靠轮椅，因为小儿麻痹症削弱了腿部力量。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，她并没有放弃对生活的热情。A.art艺术；B.sport运动；C.study学习；D.life生活。根据后一句“Withherfamily’scare,shegrewupintoanoutgoing,7andself-reliantwomanwithagenerousandhelpful8.”可知，在家人的关爱下，在生活中，张莹莹是一个外向、自信、自立的女人，拥有一颗慷慨、乐于助人的心，是一个热爱“生活”的人。故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在家人的关爱下，她成长为一个外向、自信、自立的女人，拥有一颗慷慨、乐于助人的心。A.confident自信的；B.selfless无私的；C.healthy健康的；D.muscular肌肉发达的。根据语境，outgoing，self-reliant，generous和helpful都是充满正能量的词汇，张莹莹没有因为身患残疾的而自卑自贱，反而对自己很“自信”。A项“confident”意为“自信的”，符合语境。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在家人的关爱下，她成长为一个外向、自信、自立的女人，拥有一颗慷慨、乐于助人的心。A.lung肺；B.stomach胃，腹部；C.liver肝脏；D.heart心脏；内心。根据语境，张莹莹有慷概助人的“爱心”。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2011年大学毕业后，这位受过良好教育、乐观向上女性选择了深圳这个充满活力、包容、友善的城市，开始了她为残疾人服务的事业。A.abandoned抛弃；B.chose选择；C.begged乞求；D.forced强迫。根据下一句“Itisnoteasyforpeoplewithdisabilitiestofindajob,butShenzhen’swarmthandinclusivenesshad10mydecisiontostay,’shesaid.”可知，深圳的温暖和包容的特性决定了她在深圳发展的决定，所以“选择”深圳开始职业生涯。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：残障人士找工作并不容易，但深圳的温暖和包容让我更坚定了留下来的决心。A.restarted重新启动；B.limited限制；C.strengthened强化，加强；D.postponed推迟。根据语境可知，深圳给与残障人士温暖和包容，使张莹莹“强化”在深圳发展的决定。C项“strengthen”意为“强化，加强”，符合语境。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想打破人们对残疾人的刻板印象。A.breakdown分解；B.setup建立；C.learnabout获悉；D.carefor喜欢，关心。根据下文“Theircareerchoicesarenotlimitedtofactoryworkersormassagetherapists.Zhangsaid.In2016,she12herjob,andregisteredandestablishedYuyancenter.”可知，张莹莹认为，残障人士的职业选择并不局限于工厂工人或按摩师，她自己辞去工作，注册并成立了雨燕中心，用实际行动“打破”人们对残疾人的刻板印象。A项“breakdown”意为“分解，毁掉”，符合语境，故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，她辞去工作，注册并成立了雨燕中心。A.lost丢失；B.spot发现；C.started创办；D.quit停止。根据上一段“Thewell-educatedandoptimisticwoman9Shenzhen,acitywithvitality,inclusivenessandfriendlinesstostarthercareerservingdisabledpeopleaftergraduatingfromuniversityin2011.”可知，2011年大学毕业后，张莹莹在深圳有一份为残疾人服务的事业。根据本句语境，2016年张莹莹注册并成立了雨燕中心，说明她离开了原来的单位，“放弃”了那份工作。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：IC爱创空间项目培训残疾人以满足不同企业的需求，使他们能够胜任就业市场上更多样化的工作岗位。A.share分享；B.shift转换，转换；C.meet满足；D.understand理解。短语meetvariousneeds意为“满足各种需求”，C项符合语境。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：IC爱创空间项目培训残疾人满足不同企业的需求，使他们能够胜任就业市场上更多样化的工作岗位。A.qualify胜任；B.arrange安排；C.account解释，说明；D.answer回答。短语qualifyfor意为“有……的资格，可胜任……”，符合语境。故选A项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：截至目前，该项目已为残疾人开发了10多种工作岗位。一些严重残疾的人甚至可以在家工作。A.mild不严重的，轻微的；B.dangerous危险的；C.elegant举止优雅的；D.severe严重的。根据语境可知，轻度残疾者可以外出就业，严重残疾的人，即使不方便出门，也可以进行允许在家里操作的工作。故选D项。第二节(共10小题；小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Smartphoneshavemadepeople'slifemucheasieroverthelastdecade.Peoplecan____36____(simple)downloadappsthatallowthem____37____(make)freevideocallsandsendmessagestootherpeoplearoundtheworld.Youcantravelwithoutfearthatyouwillgetlostinanunknowncity____38____thenavigation(导航)systemonyoursmartphonecanguideyoutoyourdestination.Childrendon'thavetogotothelibrarytofindimportantinformation;alltheknowledgetheyneedcan____39____(acquire)byclickingonasearchsite.Lifegoeson____40____afastpacethesedaysanditseemsthattheyounggenerationhasnoproblemwiththat.However,smartphonesandtechnologydocomewithcertain____41____(disadvantage),too.Ontheonehand,formanyteenagers,theyseldomhaveareal,____42____(meaning)face-to-faceconversationwithanyoneasthesocialconnectionnowisjustafewclicksawayatany____43____(give)moment.Teenagerstodayarelesslikelytogooutsideandseekconnectionsinreal-lifeinteractions.Ontheotherhand,theuseofsmartphonesandotherdevicesbeforebedaffectspeople'sbodyclock,____44____(prevent)thereleaseofmelatonin(褪黑素).Thismakes____45____difficulttofallasleep.【答案】36.simply37.tomake38.because##since##for39.beacquired40.at41.disadvantages42.meaningful43.given44.preventing45.it【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章就智能手机使用对人们生活影响进行了利弊分析。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：人们只需下载应用程序，就可以进行免费视频通话，并向世界各地的其他人发送信息。根据句型分析可知，主谓之间，simple修饰动词download，应用副词结构形式。故填simply。【37题详解】考查不定式。句意见上题解析。根据句型分析可知，allowsbtodosth表“允许某人做某事”，为固定动词短语搭配。故填tomake。【38题详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：你可以不用担心在未知城市迷路，因为智能手机上的导航系统可以引导你到达目的地。根据句型分析可知，前后两句关系为结果和原因，所以应填连词构成原因状语从句。故填because/since/for。【39题详解】考查被动语态。句意：孩子们不必去图书馆寻找重要信息；他们需要的所有知识都可以通过点击搜索网站获得。根据句型分析可知，此空应填谓语动词，且主语knowledge和谓语acquire为被动关系。故填beacquired。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：如今生活节奏很快，年轻一代似乎对此没有问题。根据句型分析可知，atafastpace表“以快节奏”，为固定介词短语搭配。故填at。【41题详解】考查名词单复数。句意：然而，智能手机和技术也有一些缺点。根据句型分析可知，disadvantage为可数名词，且根据后文来看，不止一个缺点，所以应用复数。故填disadvantages。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：一方面，对许多青少年来说，他们很少与任何人进行真正、有意义的面对面交谈。根据句型分析可知，此空应填形容词，修饰后面conversation，与前面“real”并列关系，再根据句意判断，应填meaningful。故填meaningful。【43题详解】考查非谓语。句意：因为现在的社交网络在任何时候都只需点击几下。根据句型分析可知，此空考查分词作定语成分修饰名词，且moment与give（设定）关系为被动，所以应用过去分词。故填given。【44题详解】考查非谓语。句意：另一方面，睡前使用智能手机和其他设备会影响人们的生物钟，阻止褪黑素的释放。根据句型分析可知，此空考查非谓语动词作状语，且prevent与主语theuseofsmartphonesandotherdevicesbeforebed为主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填preventing。【45题详解】考查代词。句意：这让人很难入睡。根据句型分析可知，makeitadjtodosth表“让做某事怎么样”，为固定动词短语搭配，其中it充当形式宾语。故填it。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你校正在进行学生英文征文比赛，请你以MyIdealCareer为题，用英文写一篇短文参赛。内容包括：1.你的理想职业;2.做出选择的原因;3.实现理想的准备。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式答题卡相应位置作答。MyIdeaCareer______________