Unit1词汇课件人教版英语八年级上册

Unit1单词详解课件ancient/ˈeɪnʃənt/adj.古代的；

古老的【短语、词组】ancienthistory

古代史anancientcity

一座古城ancienttimes古代【辨析】ancient和oldancient强调“年代久远”，old泛指“旧的”。

1、这座古庙有千年历史。Theancienttempleisover1,000yearsold.2、这是本旧书。

Thisisanoldbook.

camp/kæmp/n.度假营；营地v.露营；宿营①v.露营；宿营gocamping

去露营（复习）1.他们在山里露营。Theycampedinthemountains.②n.度假营；营地summercamp

夏令营

③campercn.露营者④campfiren.篝火landscape/ˈlændskeɪp/n.风景；景色【相关单词】scenery

n.风景

view

n.风景sightn.风景1.山景令人惊叹。Themountainlandscapeisbreathtaking.2.桂林的风景很美。ThelandscapeofGuilinisamazing.strange/streɪndʒ/adj.奇怪的；陌生的strangelyadv.奇怪地strangercn.陌生人bestrangetosb.对……陌生TheseEnglishwordsarestrange______me.A.ofB.withC.toD.forCvacation/vəˈkeɪʃn/n.假期；度假【词汇拓展】

holiday

n.假期；休假【词组短语】summervacation

暑假onvacation

在度假goonvacation

去度假1、暑假我们要去旅行。We’lltravelduringsummervacation.2、我父母在夏威夷度假。MyparentsareonvacationinHawaii.fantastic/fænˈtæstɪk/adj.极好的；了不起的1.音乐会棒极了！Theconcertwasfantastic!2.山顶的景色美极了！Theviewfromthepeakisfantastic!同义词：wonderfulexcellenttown/taʊn/n.镇；商业区【辨析】town、city和villagetown

城镇（中型聚居地）city大城市（人多，地方大）village

村庄（人少，地方小）【词组短语】smalltown

小镇他在小镇长大。Hegrewup_______(on/at/in)asmalltown.

inbreath/breθ/n.呼吸的空气；一口气【词汇拓展】

breathe

v.呼吸1.她深呼吸。Shebreatheddeeply.(takeadeepbreath)【短语词组】takesb’sbreathaway

使某人惊叹；令人窒息holdone’sbreath

屏住呼吸outofbreath

喘不过气；上气不接下气2.景色让我惊叹不已。Theviewtakesmybreathaway.especially/ɪˈspeʃəli/adv.尤其；特别1.我喜欢夏天，尤其是海滩。Ilovesummer,especiallythebeach.【辨析】especially和speciallyespecially用于强调同类的某个个体突出，后可接名词、动词或从句。（程度）specially意为“专门地”，强调目的性。我爱水果，尤其是草莓。Ilovefruits,__________(especial)strawberries.especiallyanywhere/ˈeniweə(r)/adv.&pron.在任何地方；随便哪个地方【注意】anywhere一般用于否定句或者疑问句中somewhere用于肯定句中【短语词组】anywhereelse

其他任何地方Iwanttogo__________thissummervacation.A.tosomewhereinterestingB.anywhereinterestingC.interestingsomewhereD.somewhereinterestingDsomewhere/ˈsʌmweə(r)/adv.在某处；到某处pron.某处；某个地方【辨析】somewhere和

anywheresomewhere用在肯定句中，指“某个地方”；anywhere用在否定或疑问句中，指“任何地方”。nowhere指“无处”1.我到处找不到我的手机。Ican’tfindmyphoneanywhere.

2.我把钥匙忘在某个地方了。Ileftmykeyssomewhere.1.Iwanttogo________quiettoreadabookthisweekend.A.somewhereB.anywhereC.nowhereD.everywhere2.Helookedforhiskeysintheroom,butfound________.A.somewhereB.anywhereC.nowhereD.everywhere3.Didyougo________interestingduringthesummervacation?A.somewhereB.anywhereC.nowhereD.everywhereACBsome+

someanynothingbodyonewheresomethingsomebodysomeonesomewhereanythinganybodyanyoneanywherenothingnobodynoonenowheresomething复合不定词

thing=(指物)(指人)(指人)(指地点)复合不定副词anywhereadv.在任何地方不定副词构成：由

some,any,no,every

分别加上where构成的副词。somewhere

某地anywhere

任何地方nowhere

无处，没有地方everywhere

每个地方，到处考点1：

Ihavesomething

importanttotellyou.

不定代词形容词

Doyouwantanythingtoread?

不定代词动词不定式总结：当复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式修饰时，形容词和动词不定式等应置于其后。somethingelseanythingelseanyoneelsesomeoneelse注意：当形容词修饰不定副词时，形容词要放在其后面。去任何有趣的地方去某个安静的地方goanywhereinterestinggosomewhere

quiet考点2：Everyone______________(be)onvacationnow.Everything______________(begin)togrowinSpring.Noteveryone__________(enjoy)doingtheactivity.Anything________(be)possible.isbegins总结：复合不定代词表示单数概念，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。enjoysis考点3：eg.1.Iwanttobuysomethinginterestingtogivemymotherasagift.2.Thereisn’t

anythingwronginside.3.Didyougoanywhereinteresting?4.Isthereanythingtoeat?考点3：总结：

some-系列的不定代词用于肯定句；

any-系列的不定代词用于否定句和疑问句。总结:表示请求、建议等的疑问句中或问话者希望

得到肯定回答时，用some-系列5.Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?6.Whydon’tyouasksomebodytohelpyou?含有any的复合不定代词的用法：Didyoudoanythingfunonyourvacation?

总结：用于否定句或疑问句中，代替含有some的复合不定代词(代替

something)2.

Anyonecandothis.Icandoanythingforyou.总结：在肯定句中，意为“任何人/事”

Exercise:1.Everyone______________(know)theanswer.2._____________(be)everyoneheretoday?3.Didyoudo________lastmonth?A.specialsomethingB.somethingspecialC.anythingspecialD.specialanythingknowsIsCExercise:1.Everyone__________(know)theanswer.2._______(be)everyoneheretoday?3.--Mike,where’stoday’snewspaper?--Well,youneedtoreaditbecausethereis____init.A.somethingimportant B.importantsomethingC.anythingimportant D.importantanything4.Ladiesandgentlemen,attentionplease!Ihave____importanttotellyou.A.nothing B.something C.everything D.anything5.--Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmethewaytothemuseum?--I’msorry.Ihaven’tbeentherebefore.Youmayask_____.A.somebodyelse B.elseanybody C.elsesomebody D.anybodyelse6.Everyonealways_____helpfromothers.A.need B.needs C.neededD.isneeding1.—Isthere_______interestingintoday'snewspaper?—No,_______special.A.something;nothingB.anything;nothingC.nothing;somethingD.anything;something2.Ilookedformykeyseverywhere,butIcouldn’tfind_______.A.someoneB.anythingC.nothingD.something3.Thereis_______wrongwithmycomputer.Itwon'tstart.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everythingBBA4.Don’tworry.There’s_______seriouswithyourhealth.Thedoctorsaidyoujustneedarest.A.something B.anythingC.nothing D.everything5.Thereis_________importantintoday’shistoryclass,somakesureyoutakenotes.A.somethingnewB.newsomethingC.anythingnewD.newanythingCA6.—Howmanystudentsinyourclasshavevisitedthesciencemuseum?—________.Allofthemwentonafieldtriplastweek.A.NoneB.NooneC.NobodyD.Some7.Shedecidedtogo_________peacefultorelaxafterthebusyweek.A.tosomewhereB.somewhereC.toanywhereD.anywhereABnothing/ˈnʌθɪŋ/pron.没有任何东西；没有事【注意】

作主语时，谓语动词用单数Nothingisimpossible.【短语词组】nothingbut

只有；仅仅；只不过havenothingtodo

无事可做havenothingtodowith

与……无关havesomethingtodowith与……有关他早上只吃了一个苹果。Heatenothingbutanapple.1.Shedidnothingbutcry.2.Wehadnothingbuttowait.3.Therewasnothingtodobut______tillmorning.A.wait B.towait C.waiting D.waited

but后动词形式核心含义didnothingbutdo前有do/does/did/done动词原形（无to）除了做某事，什么都没做havenothingbuttodo前无do（此处为have）to+动词原形除了做某事，别无选择A前有do，后无to前无do。后有to1.Therewasnothingtodobut______theboringmovietilltheend.A.watch B.towatch C.watching D.watched2.Wehavenochoicebut______theplan.A.change B.tochange C.changing D.changed3.Hesaidhewoulddonothingbut______hisbesttohelpus.A.try B.totry C.tried D.trying4.Thereisnothingleftbut______thetruth.A.tell B.totell C.telling D.told ABABsilk/sɪlk/n.丝绸；（蚕）丝【词汇拓展】silky

adj.丝绸般的；光滑的【短语词组】theSilkRoad

丝绸之路1.她买了一条丝绸围巾。Sheboughtasilkscarf.

scarf/skɑːf/n.围巾；披巾【词汇拓展】headscarf

n.头巾复数：scarves/scarfsShehasmanybeautiful________.A.silksscarfsB.silkscarfC.silkscarfsChotel/həʊˈtel/n.旅馆；旅社【短语词组】hotelroom

酒店房间five-starhotel

五星级酒店bookahotel

预订酒店1.我们预订了海滩附近的酒店。Webookedahotelnearthebeach.

comfortable/ˈkʌmftəbl/adj.使人舒服的；舒适的【单词变形】uncomfortableadj.不舒服的comfortablyadv.舒服地comfortv.安慰n.舒适【短语词组】feelcomfortable

感到舒适

1.Heputhisarmaroundhertocomforther.2.Shetriedtocomfortthecryingchild.3.Thissofaisverycomfortable.4.It’scomfortingtoknowyou’renearby.1.Thenewsofamakeussit_________forlonghours.A.comfortableB.comfortablyC.morecomfortableD.mostcomfortably2.Aftersittingonthehardchairforthreehours,shefeltextremely__________________(comfortable).Buncomfortableready/ˈredi/adj.准备好的；现成的adv.已做完；已完成【短语词组】

①准备好做某事bereadytodosth=preparetodosth.

②为......做准备

get/beready

for=prepareforsth.

1.She_________helpotherswhenevertheyareintrouble.A.isreadytoB.isreadyforC.readytoD.readyfor2.Thestudents_________thefinalexamafterweeksofreview.A.arereadytoB.arereadyforC.readytoD.readyforABsky/skaɪ/n.天；天空【词汇拓展】inthesky在空中bluesky蓝天1.天空是蓝色的。Theskyisblue.2.暴风雨前天空变暗了。Theskyturneddarkbeforethestorm.bored/bɔːd/adj.厌倦的；烦闷的【辨析】bored和boringbored主语一般是人

boring主语一般是物【短语词组】beboredwith...对……厌烦=betiredofgetbored感到无聊1.Themoviewasso________thatIfelt________andalmostfellasleep.A.boring;boredB.bored;boringC.boring;boringD.bored;bored2.Sheisbored________herjobbecauseshedoesthesamethingseveryday.3.Childreneasily________iftheydon'thaveinterestingactivities.A.getboringB.getboredC.areboringD.areboredwith4.—Whydon’tyoulikethegame?—Becauseitmakesme________andI________doingitagain.A.bored;amboredwithB.boring;getboredC.bored;getboringD.boring;amboredwithAwithBAstandup站起；起立过去式：stood反义词组：sitdowncan’t/couldn’tstanddoingsth.无法忍受做某事=can’tbeardoingsth./todosth.例句：Hecan’tstand_______(eat)durians.eating例句：Hecan’tbeartopartwithyou.towards/təˈwɔːdz;tɔːrdz/prep.向；朝towards

prep.朝；向；对于（表示方向或目标）1、他正朝我走来。Heiswalkingtowardsme.【注意】towards（英式英语中）和

toward（美式英语中）可互换。run/walktowardsrainbow/ˈreɪnbəʊ/n.虹；彩虹1、雨后出现了彩虹。Arainbowappearedaftertherain.square／skweə（r）／RedSquare红场Tian’anmenSquareThehouseis200squaremeters.n.广场；正方形adj.正方形的；平方的during

/ˈdjʊərɪŋ/prep.在······期间①during+时间段duringtheday在白天②during+活动/事件名词duringtheexam在考试期间③during+节日duringtheSpringFestival在春节期间

victory/'vɪkt(ə)ri/n.胜利；成功【短语词组】win/achieveavicotry

获得胜利Theteam______(win)avictoryinthefinalmatchlastweek.wonRussian/'rʌʃ(ə)n/adj.俄罗斯的；俄罗斯人的n.俄罗斯人；俄语

【词汇拓展】Russian.俄罗斯Theyare__________(Russia).Helivesin__________(Russia).RussiansRussiafight/faɪt/n.战斗；搏斗；斗争v.打仗；打架【词汇拓展】过去式：n.战士消防员：【短语】fightwith/againstsb与某人对抗fightforsth为某事而战

fightagainst和……作斗争firefighterfoughtfighter1.Lastyear,thevillagersfought______thesoldierstoprotecttheirhomes.A.withB.forC.against2.Theworkers______betterlife.A.foughtwithB.foughtforC.foughtagainstABagainst/əˈɡenst/prep.反对；与······相反；紧靠【词汇拓展】beagainst（doing）sth反对某事（反义词：支持：for）1.Therainisbeatingagainstthewindow.2.I’magainstyouridea.guide/ɡaɪd/n.导游；指南；手册v.给某人领路；指导【短语】tourguide导游

guidebook指南书guidesb.to+地点

引导某人到某地artwork/ˈɑː(r)tˌwɜː(r)k/【词汇拓展】artistcn.艺术家artisticadj.艺术的【短语】anartwork一件艺术品1.Lilycomesfroman_________(art)family.2.Heisafamous______(art).artisticartistcn艺术品thousandsof【考点】①基数词+hunderd/thousand/million/billion例：500fivehundred②hundreds/thousands/millionsof数以百计的/数以千计的/数以百万计的例：hundredsofstudents数以百计的学生1.Themuseumdisplayedtwo______ancientcoinsfromtheQinDynasty.A.hundredsB.hundredC.hundredsofD.hundredof2.Aftertheearthquake,_____________(thousand)ofvolunteersrushedtothedisasterareatohelp.Bthousandstearn.眼泪；泪水v.撕开；【短语】intears流泪burstintotears使某人流泪Hiseyesarefilledwith________(tear).tearsremind/rɪ'maɪnd/v.提醒；使想起【短语】①remindsbofsth使某人想起某事Thestoryremindsmeofmyoldfriend.②remindsbtodosth提醒某人去做某事Theteacheroftenremindshisstudentstofinishhomeworkontime.③remind(sb)that

提醒/告知某人ItremindsmethatImuststudyhardfromnowon.④remindoneself提醒自己1.Theoldphoto______her______thehappydaysshespentinthecountryside.A.reminded;aboutB.reminded;ofC.remembered;ofD.called;about2.Mymom______me______themedicine（药）threetimesadayyesterday.A.reminded;takeB.reminded;totakeC.reminded;takingD.reminded;took3.Iremind_________(I)totakemyhomeworktoschool.BBmyselfpeace/piːs/un.和平；太平

【短语】atpeace处于和平/平静状态（人）inpeace平静地；安静地apeacefulworld和平的世界1.It’shardtokeeptheworld_________(peace).2.Theworldhopestobeat________(peace).3.Weshouldlearntolive______peace.peacefulpeaceeasily/ˈɜː(r)li/adv.容易地；轻易地【词汇拓展】easyadj.容易的uneasyadj.不安的1.Itremindsusthatwaristerribleandpeacedoesnotcome_______(easy).2.Shewas______(easy)aboutthetestresults.easilyuneasyforget/fə(r)ˈɡet/【知识回顾】过去式：forgotforgettodosth忘记去做某事（事未做）forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事（事已做）remembertodosth记得去做某事（事未做）rememberdoingsth记得做过谋杀（事已做）v.忘记；遗忘forget/fə(r)ˈɡet/【词汇拓展】adj.健忘的，好忘事的一个健忘的人：变得健忘adj.容易被忘记的adj.难以忘怀的n.健忘v.忘记；遗忘aforgetfulperson

become/getforgetfulforgettableunforgettableforgetfulforgetfulness1.Theoldmanbecame______,oftenforgettingwhereheputhisglasses.A.forgetB.forgetfulC.forgetfulnessD.forgettable2.Don’t______tosendtheemailbeforethedeadline—yourjobdependsonit.A.forgetsB.forgetC.forgetingD.forgo3.Themoviewasso______thatIcan’tevenrememberthemaincharacter’sname.A.forgetB.forgetfulC.forgetfulnessD.forgettable4.He________hishomeworkyesterday.A.forgotdoingB.forgotdoC.forgottodoD.forgetstodoBBDCnoon/nuːn/【词汇拓展】atnoon在中午/atnight在晚上intheafternoon在下午sick/sɪk/词根:homesickcarsick、airsick、seasick【词汇拓展】①getsick生病②feelsick感到恶心/不舒服③sickness(n.)疾病；恶心④besickofsth厌倦某事eg：I’m__________（厌倦）_____（watch）boringTVshows.【词义辨析】sick(adj.)生病的（作表语又作定语）ill(adj.)生病的（只能作表语）asickboy1.Thedoctortoldhimthathewas______withaseriousdisease.A.sickB.illC.sicknessD.illness2.Hewassick______abadcold.A.forB.atC.withD.of3.His_____________(sick)kepthiminbedforaweek,sohemissedtheexam.—Whydidn'tyourbrothergotoschoolyesterday?—Becausehewas____.Hehadafeverandfelt____.A.ill;sickB.sick;illC.ill;illD.sick;sickACsicknesspalace/'pæləs/【词汇拓展】thePalaceMuseum故宫博物院SummerPalace颐和园mightv.可能；可以【短语词组】mightdomightnotdobudget/ˈbʌdʒɪt/n．预算v.把······编入预算；精打细算【短语词组】withinbudget在预算范围内gooverbudget超出预算aweekly/yearlybudget周/年预算station/ˈsteɪʃən/【词汇拓展】busstation公交车站metrosation地铁站railwaystation火车站faraway/ˌfɑːrəˈweɪ/adj.远方的；遥远的【词汇拓展】a________place一个遥远的地方far(away)from...离……远1.Thesunisfarawayfromtheearth.2.Myhouseisfarawayfromourschool.3.Iliveinatownfifteenmiles(away)fromLondon.(离某地多远)farawayregular/ˈreɡjʊlə(r)/adj.平常的；有规律的【词汇拓展】有规律的生活regularliferegularlyadv.有规律地irregularadj.不规则的1.Tokeephealthy,weshouldexercise__________(regular).2.Her___________exercisehelpsherkeepfit.regularlyregularturnaround转身，翻转；好转【turn相关短语】turnintotrunontrunoffturnupturndown1.Please______thelightbeforeleavingtheroom.A.turnaround B.turnintoC.turnon D.turnoff2.She______theinvitationtothepartybecauseshewasbusy.A.turnedon B.turnedoff