河南省2025届高三下学期4月期中英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省2025届高三下学期4月期中英语试卷第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAmazingNationalParksYouCan’tMissVatnajokullNationalParkAsthelargestnationalparkinEurope,thisparkinIcelandischaracterizedbyamazingglacialice,impressivewaterfalls,deepvalleys,andstill-activevolcanoes.Visitorscanexploretheparkeverydayoftheyear,andthereareguidedhikes,icewalks,guidedskiingtrips,iceclimbing,snowmobility,andevensailingtripsbetweentheicebergsonthesurroundinglake.PlitviceNationalParkAtotalof16lakesarefoundwithinCroatia’sextraordinaryPlitviceNationalPark,includingtwosectionsof12upperlakesandfourlowerlakes.Dependingontheangleofthesunandthemineralswithinthewater,thelakeschangefrombluetogreenandeverythinginbetween.Keepaneyeoutforwildlife,suchasEuropeanbrownbears,wolvesandwildcats.Birdwatcherswillbeamazedherewithover126speciesofbirdsrecordedinthepark.RanthamboreNationalParkLocatedintheSawaiMadhopurdistrictofsouth-easternRajasthaninIndia,thisparkisfamousforitsroyalBengaltigers.It’soneoftheonlyparksintheregionwhereyoucanspotthesebigcatsintheirnaturalhabitat.ThebestsightingsarebetweenNovemberandMay.Whenyouaren’twatchingwildlife,thereareancientruinstobefoundinthepark,includingahistoricfortress(堡垒)overlookingthejungle.KakaduNationalParkKakaduNationalPark,thelargestnationalparkinAustralia,isafantasticplacetoloseyourselfinthenature-basedactivitiesandappealingaboriginal(土著的)culture.Amongthecoastalwetlands,woodlands,andwilderness,there’sawealthofexceptionalwildlife.Fishingenthusiastscanenjoyfishing,andthosepassionateaboutbirdwatchingwillbeimpressedbymillionsofbirdscallingtheparkhome.Exploreaboriginalrockartsitesinthepark,suchasUbirrandNourlangieRockthatdatebacktohundredsandeventhousandsofyearsago.1.WhatisafactaboutVatnajokullNationalPark?A.Itfeaturesdeadvolcanoes. B.Itisopenallyearround.C.Itisfamousforhotsprings. D.Itputsabanoniceclimbing.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoinPlitviceNationalPark?A.Admirecolor-changinglakes. B.Digoutmineralsfordisplay.C.Enjoyfreeguidedboattrips. D.Takeicewalksthroughforests.3.Whatdothelasttwonationalparkshaveincommon?A.Theirfishingsitesareaccessibletothepublic.B.TheirbestsightingsarefromMaytoNovember.C.Theyhaveancientattractionsforvisitorstoexplore.D.TheykeeproyalBengaltigersintheirnaturalhabitat.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国家公园的相关信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据VatajokullNationalPark部分“Visitorscanexploretheparkeverydayoftheyear,andthereareguidedhikes,icewalks,guidedskiingtrips,iceclimbing,snowmobility,andevensailingtripsbetweentheicebergsonthesurroundinglake.(游客可以在一年中的每一天探索公园，有导游徒步旅行，冰上散步，导游滑雪旅行，攀冰，雪地摩托，甚至在周围湖上的冰山之间航行)”可知，VatnajokullNationalPark全年开放。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据PlitiveNationalPark部分“Dependingontheangleofthesunandthemineralswithinthewater,thelakeschangefrombluetogreenandeverythinginbetween.(根据太阳的角度和水中的矿物质，湖泊会从蓝色变成绿色，以及介于两者之间的颜色)”可知，游客在PlitviceNationalPark可以欣赏到会变色的湖。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据RanthamboreNationalPark部分“Whenyouaren’twatchingwildlife,thereareancientruinstobefoundinthepark,includingahistoricfortress(堡垒)overlookingthejungle.(当你不去看野生动物的时候，公园里还有一些古老的遗迹，包括一座俯瞰丛林的历史堡垒)”以及KakaduNationalPark部分“Exploreaboriginalrockartsitesinthepark,suchasUbirrandNourlangieRockthatdatebacktohundredsandeventhousandsofyearsago.(在公园里探索原住民的岩石艺术遗址，比如可以追溯到几百年甚至几千年前的乌比尔和诺兰吉岩石)”可知，这两个国家公园都有古迹。故选C。BPicturebookshaveentertainedyoungchildrensincethefirstonewaspublishedin1658andillustrationshelpmakethestoriescomealive.Tactilebooksthataddtouchtoillustrationsbringthejoyofpicturebookstochildrenwhoarevisuallyimpaired(受损的).ThesetactilebooksarecreatedbytheLivingPaintingsorganizationtoincludethesenseoftouchforchildrenwhofrequentlycannotdothesameactivitiesasthosesightedkids.With20,000childrenintheUKexperiencingvisionloss,thesebookscalledTouchtoSeecantransformlives.LivingPaintings,acharityintheUKthathasbeenaroundformorethan35years,hasaclearmission:toprovideaccesstotheirhand-craftedadaptedtactilebookstofamiliesandschoolsfornofees.Volunteersoftheorganizationhaverecentlybecomepopularonsocialmediawhenaseriesofvideosthatfeaturedhowthebooksweremadeamassed6.7millionviews.VolunteerLenWebb,88,whoiscurrentlyworkingontheunderwatercreaturesthatareillustratedinJuliaDonaldson’spicturebook,Tiddler,said,“I’mreallynotusedtobeinginthespotlightandIneverexpectedthatI’dbegettingalltheselovelymessagesfrompeoplearoundtheworld,butit’ssonicetoseetheworkofthecharitygettingallthisrecognition.VolunteeringatLivingPaintingsisanicethingtodo.”AndyandLauraBaghurst,afamilywhoborrowsbooksfromtheLivingPaintingsfreelibrary,havethreeboys,twoofwhomwerediagnosedwithAniridiashortlyafterbirth,justliketheirfather.While20/20visionisthenorm,peoplewiththisconditionseebetween3/60to6/60.LauraBaghurstsaid,“OneofmyearlyconcernswithDanielwashowhewouldaccessbooks.Learningawayofdoingthingsfromhisfather,JoshuahasgrownuplovingJuliaDonaldsonandotherbooksandhavingagreatexperiencewiththem.Luckily,Daniel,whoisnowfouryearsold,canfullyexperiencebookswiththehelpoftheLivingPaintingspostallibrary.”4.Whyarethe20,000childrenintheUKmentionedinparagraph2?A.TocallonLivingPaintingstodonatemorebooks.B.Tohighlightthesignificanceofthetactilebooks.C.Toshowthecountry’sinsufficientbookresources.D.Toprovethenecessityofprotectingkids’eyesight.5.HowdoesLenWebbfeelaccordingtohiswords?A.Heiseagertobeinthespotlight. B.Heisafraidofinteractingwithkids.C.Heisproudofthecharityheworksfor. D.Heisworriedaboutonlinecomments.6.WhatcanbeknownabouttheBaghurstfamily?A.Lauraisavolunteeratthepostallibrary.B.Andyhasrecoveredfromavisionproblem.C.Danielbenefitsfromtheorganization’sbooks.D.Joshuahasgrownupwithtactilepicturebooks.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.IntroducingaMuchBrighterWorldtotheBlindB.AdaptingChildren’sPictureBooksforMoreProfitC.EncouragingBlindPeopletoReadMoreinLibrariesD.AllowingVisuallyImpairedKidstoAccessPictureBooks【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了LivingPaintings这个组织制作触感图画书并向有视觉障碍的儿童提供免费借阅的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“With20,000childrenintheUKexperiencingvisionloss,thesebookscalledTouchtoSeecantransformlives.(英国有2万名儿童患有视力丧失，这些名为《触摸看》的书可以改变生活)”可知，第二段提到英国两万名儿童丧失了视力，是为了突出触感书的重要意义。故选B。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“I’mreallynotusedtobeinginthespotlightandIneverexpectedthatI’dbegettingalltheselovelymessagesfrompeoplearoundtheworld,butit’ssonicetoseetheworkofthecharitygettingallthisrecognition.VolunteeringatLivingPaintingsisanicethingtodo.(我真的不习惯站在聚光灯下，我从来没有想过我会从世界各地的人们那里得到这么多可爱的信息，但看到慈善机构的工作得到这么多的认可，我真的很高兴。在LivingPaintings做志愿者是一件很好的事情)”可推断，他为自己所在的慈善机构感到骄傲。故选C。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“LauraBaghurstsaid,“OneofmyearlyconcernswithDanielwashowhewouldaccessbooks.Learningawayofdoingthingsfromhisfather,JoshuahasgrownuplovingJuliaDonaldsonandotherbooksandhavingagreatexperiencewiththem.Luckily,Daniel,whoisnowfouryearsold,canfullyexperiencebookswiththehelpoftheLivingPaintingspostallibrary.”(劳拉·巴格赫斯特说：“我早期对丹尼尔的担忧之一是他如何接触书籍。从父亲那里学习做事的方式，约书亚从小就喜欢朱莉娅·唐纳森和其他书籍，并对它们有很好的体验。幸运的是，丹尼尔现在已经四岁了，在LivingPaintings邮政图书馆的帮助下，他可以充分体验书籍。”)”可知，Daniel受益于这个组织提供的书籍。故选C。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“ThesetactilebooksarecreatedbytheLivingPaintingsorganizationtoincludethesenseoftouchforchildrenwhofrequentlycannotdothesameactivitiesasthosesightedkids.With20,000childrenintheUKexperiencingvisionloss,thesebookscalledTouchtoSeecantransformlives.(这些触觉书籍是由LivingPaintings组织创作的，为那些经常不能像视力正常的孩子那样做同样活动的孩子提供触觉。英国有2万名儿童患有视力丧失，这些名为《触摸看》的书可以改变生活)”可知，本文主要通过志愿者和受助人的视角讲述了LivingPaintings这个慈善组织制作触感图画书并向有视觉障碍的儿童提供免费借阅的故事。故D选项“允许视障儿童阅读图画书”最符合文章标题。故选D。CArecentstudyexploresthehealthrisksassociatedwithvolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs)(挥发性有机化合物)releasedfromplasticwaterbottleswhentheyareexposedtosunlight.Theresearchthoroughlyinvestigatedthetypesandtoxicity(毒性)ofVOCsreleasedundersolarirradiation,highlightingtheimportanceofimprovedstoragemethodstoguaranteethesafetyofdrinkingwater.Plasticwaterbottlesareubiquitousduetotheirconvenience,yettheyhavepotentialrisks.SunlightexposurecanleadthesecontainerstodegradeandgenerateVOCs,whicharepotentiallyharmfultohumanhealth.Thefast-expandingbottledwatermarketunderscorestheurgencyforsaferalternatives.Inresponsetotheseconcerns,thereisapressingneedforin-depthresearchintomoresecurematerialsandproductionmethodsforwatercontainers.TheresearchanalyzedtheVOCsreleasedfromsixtypesofplasticwaterbottlessubjectedtosunlight.Resultsshowedthatalltestedbottlesproducedacomplexmixtureofalkanes,alkenes,alcohols,aldehydes,andacids,withsignificantvariationsinVOCcompositionandconcentrationamongthebottles.Notably,highlytoxicVOCswereidentified,highlightingserioushealthrisks.ExposuretosunlightforalongertimeindicatedanincreasedconcentrationofVOCs,pointingtoagrowingrisk.Dr.HuaseOu,theleadresearcher,remarked,“Ourfindingsprovideconvincingevidencethatplasticbottles,whenexposedtosunlight,canreleasetoxiccompoundsthatposehealthrisks.However,thesceneswherebottledwaterisexposedtosunlightarenotrare.Consumersneedtobeawareoftheenvironmentswherebottledwaterislikelytobeexposedtosunlightforlongerperiods.”Thisstudycarriessignificantimplicationsforpublichealthandsafetyregulations.UnderstandingtheconditionsunderwhichtheseVOCsarereleasedcanguidetheimprovementofprocessingpracticesandmaterialselectionforbottledwatercontainers.Furthermore,itunderlinestheneedforenhancedconsumerawarenessandstricterindustryregulationstoreduceexposuretothesepotentiallyharmfulcompounds.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ubiquitous”inparagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Inexpensive. B.Conventional. C.Widespread. D.Adjustable.9.Whatdidtheresearchfind?A.NotalltestedplasticbottlesproducedharmfulVOCs.B.Productionmethodsforbottledwaterwereunsustainable.C.Thetimeofexposuretosunlightwasn’tacontributingfactor.D.VOCsreleasedfromdifferentmaterialsofwaterbottlesvaried.10.WhatdoesDr.HuaseOumean?A.Thesafetyofbottledwaterisconcerning. B.Consumerslackawarenessoffoodsafety.C.Researchfindingsarefarfromconvincing. D.Plasticbottlescan’tavoidexposuretosunlight.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.TheimpactoftoxicVOCs. B.Jointeffortstocutplasticbottles.C.Tipsonimprovingpublichealth. D.Thevalueofthestudy.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，暴露在阳光下的塑料水瓶会产生危害健康的挥发性有机化合物，暴露的时间越长，化合物的浓度越高。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Plasticwaterbottlesareubiquitousduetotheirconvenience,yettheyhavepotentialrisks.(由于塑料水瓶的便利性，它们是ubiquitous，但是也有潜在的风险。)”可知，塑料水瓶使用起来很方便，所以它们应该是随手可得的，因此“ubiquitous”意为“无处不在的”或“普遍存在的”，故选C项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Resultsshowedthatalltestedbottlesproducedacomplexmixtureofalkanes,alkenes,alcohols,aldehydes,andacids,withsignificantvariationsinVOCcompositionandconcentrationamongthebottles.(结果显示，所有测试的瓶子都产生了一种复杂的烷烃、烯烃、醇类、醛类和酸类混合物，不同瓶子之间的VOC成分和浓度存在显著差异)”可知，不同材质的水瓶释放出的挥发性有机化合物有所不同。故选D项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“However,thesceneswherebottledwaterisexposedtosunlightarenotrare.Consumersneedtobeawareoftheenvironmentswherebottledwaterislikelytobeexposedtosunlightforlongerperiods.(然而，瓶装水暴露在阳光下的场景并不少见。消费者需要意识到瓶装水可能长时间暴露在阳光下的环境)”可推断，Dr.HuaseOu认为瓶装水的安全令人担忧。故选A项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thisstudycarriessignificantimplicationsforpublichealthandsafetyregulations.UnderstandingtheconditionsunderwhichtheseVOCsarereleasedcanguidetheimprovementofprocessingpracticesandmaterialselectionforbottledwatercontainers.Furthermore,itunderlinestheneedforenhancedconsumerawarenessandstricterindustryregulationstoreduceexposuretothesepotentiallyharmfulcompounds.(这项研究对公共卫生和安全法规具有重要意义。了解这些VOCs释放的条件可以指导瓶装水容器加工实践的改进和材料选择。此外，它强调了提高消费者意识和加强行业法规以减少对这些潜在有害化合物的暴露的必要性)”可知，最后一段主要讨论了这项研究的价值，故选D项。DInresponsetotheinsightfulcoverstory—“Apotentmedicine:Inmattersofpainandtrust,empathy(共情)maymakeallthedifference”—publishedintheHealioRheumatologyinJanuary,Iwouldliketohighlightthekeydataonempathy.Researchoverthepast25yearshasshownthatmedicalstudentstendtoshowlessempathy,whichcannegativelyimpactthebondoftrustbetweenphysiciansandpatients.Eventhoughmedicalschoolsknowthisoccurs,littlehasbeendonetoteachstudentseffectiveempathiccommunicationskills,whilehelpingthemunderstandhowtotakecontroloveranundueempathicresponsetoanemotionallychargedpatientencounter.Thedeclineinmedicalstudents’empathiccommunicationskillspartlyresultsfromtheuseofsmartphones—textingandsocialmediasitesstealthetimespentinteractingwithothersfacetoface.Forexample,actingasastandardizedpatient,Ihaveseenfirsthandtheinabilityofmostmedicalstudentstoexpressempathyduringtheobservedstructuredclinicalexaminations.Inmanyofthestandardizedcases,thereisafamilymember,usuallyaparent,whohaspassedaway.Whenthestudentshearthisduringthepatienthistoryoftheencounter,almosteveryoneofthemgivestheconcrete,memorizedanswerof“I’msorrytohearthat”,withmanyofthestudentsnotevenmakingeyecontactastheywritetheirchartnotes.Asthepatient,Idonotfeeltheirsincerity.Thus,theyarenotmakinganempathicconnectionwithme.Inmynotesbacktothestudents,Iindicatethattheirempathicanswersarenotgoingtobeenoughtoformabondoftrustorcomforttheirpatients.Fortunately,theabilitytoexpresssufficientproperempathycanbetaught.Therefore,itrequiresallmedicalschoolstoincreasetheireffortstoinformandteachstudentsabouttheimportanceofbuildinganempathicbondoftrustwiththeirpatients.Thisisespeciallytrueofnewmedicalschoolsthataredesigningtheirlessons,wheretheadministrationcandevoteenoughtimetotheempathicaspectofcommunicationskillsinthelecturingandclinicaltraining.12.Whatdoestheword“this”underlinedinparagraph2referto?A.Thedeclineofempathyfrommedicalstudents. B.Theinfluenceofempathyonmedicalschools.C.Thecontroloveremotionallychargedpatients. D.Thetrustbetweenphysiciansandpatients.13.Whatisacauseofmedicalstudents’weakerempathiccommunicationskills?A.Thelimiteduseofsmartphones. B.Decreasedface-to-facehumancontact.C.Theirunwillingnesstolearnatschool. D.Misleadinginformationonsocialmedia.14.Whatdoesmedicalstudents’memorizedanswersuggestintheauthor’sopinion?A.Theyfeelreallysorrowfulforpatients’losses. B.Theyhavenotimetocomforttheirpatients.C.Theyexcelinlearningcommunicationskills. D.Theyarenotgoodatexpressingempathy.15.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Toissuewarnings. B.Toofferadvice.C.Toconfirmassumptions. D.Torecognizecontributions.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.B【原文】本文是一篇议论文。作者认为，医学生的共情能力在下降。作者分析了其下降的原因，列举了下降的例证并提出了应对方法。【12题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Researchoverthepast25yearshasshownthatmedicalstudentstendtoshowlessempathy,whichcannegativelyimpactthebondoftrustbetweenphysiciansandpatients.(过去25年的研究表明，医学生往往缺乏同理心，这会对医生和患者之间的信任纽带产生负面影响)”及第二段“littlehasbeendonetoteachstudentseffectiveempathiccommunicationskills,(很少有人教学生有效的同理心沟通技巧)”可推断，画线词指代上文提到的医学生缺乏同理心，即“医学生的共情能力下降”。故选A。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“Thedeclineinmedicalstudents’empathiccommunicationskillspartlyresultsfromtheuseofsmartphones—textingandsocialmediasitesstealthetimespentinteractingwithothersfacetoface.(医学生移情沟通能力的下降部分是由于使用智能手机——发短信和社交媒体网站偷走了与他人面对面交流的时间)”可知，医学生共情沟通能力较弱的原因是他们面对面的人际接触减少了。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Forexample,actingasastandardizedpatient,Ihaveseenfirsthandtheinabilityofmostmedicalstudentstoexpressempathyduringtheobservedstructuredclinicalexaminations.(例如，作为一名标准化病人，我亲眼目睹了大多数医学生在观察的结构化临床检查中无法表达同理心)”及“Whenthestudentshearthisduringthepatienthistoryoftheencounter,almosteveryoneofthemgivestheconcrete,memorizedanswerof“I’msorrytohearthat”,withmanyofthestudentsnotevenmakingeyecontactastheywritetheirchartnotes.Asthepatient,Idonotfeeltheirsincerity.Thus,theyarenotmakinganempathicconnectionwithme.(当学生们在患者的遭遇史中听到这句话时，几乎每个人都给出了具体的、记住的答案“听到这个消息我很抱歉”，许多学生在写图表笔记时甚至没有眼神交流。作为病人，我感觉不到他们的诚意。因此，他们并没有与我建立一种同理心的联系)”可推断，在作者看来，医学生的“记忆性答案”表明他们不擅长表达共情。故选D。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Fortunately,theabilitytoexpresssufficientproperempathycanbetaught.(幸运的是，表达足够、适当的同理心的能力是可以培养的)”及最后一段的内容“Therefore,itrequiresallmedicalschoolstoincreasetheireffortstoinformandteachstudentsabouttheimportanceofbuildinganempathicbondoftrustwiththeirpatients.Thisisespeciallytrueofnewmedicalschoolsthataredesigningtheirlessons,wheretheadministrationcandevoteenoughtimetotheempathicaspectofcommunicationskillsinthelecturingandclinicaltraining.(因此，所有医学院校都必须加大力度，向学生宣传和教授与患者建立共情信任纽带的重要性。对于那些正在设计课程的新医学院校来说尤其如此，因为这些学校的管理层能够在授课和临床培训中投入足够的时间，培养学生在沟通技巧中共情的特质)”可推断，作者写最后一段旨在提建议，即就医学生能够培养适当的同理心提出一些建议。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。In2007,formerMicrosoftemployeeLindaStonenoticedsomethingstrangehappeningeverytimeshesatdowntoansweremails.____16____.“Iwouldinhale(吸气)inanticipation,butIwouldn’texhalebecausesomanyemailswouldbestreamingin,”Stonesaidinaninterview.____17____.Sheaskeddozensoffriendsandcoworkerstositathercomputeransweringemailswhileshemonitoredtheirpulseandheartratevariability.Ofthoseparticipants,80%hadwhatStonecoined“emailorscreenarea”—shalloworsuspendedbreathingwhileworkingonascreen.“____18____,”saidsciencejournalistJamesNestor,theauthorofthebestsellingbookBreath:TheNewScienceofaLostArt,whichrecordshisinvestigationintothepowerofbreath.Heexplainedthathumanshavelosttouchwithnaturalbreathingpatternsaswespendmuchofthedayhunched(弓身)overourscreensanddevices.“Ifyouarehunchedover,youcan’ttakethatsoft,slow,deepbreath,”Nestorsaid.Breathingproperlyhasenormouspositiveimpactsonourhealthandwell-being.Slowbreathinglowersourstresslevels,increasesfocus,regulatesouremotionsandevenhelpsusmakebetterdecisions.____19____.Nestorsuggeststhesimpleexerciseofbreathinginthroughyournoseforfivetosixsecondsandoutthroughyournoseforfivetosixseconds.“Asyouinhale,youfeelthatslightexpansionofthatabdominal(腹部的)region,andthenasyoucontinueinhaling,trytoliftthatbreathuptoyourchestarea,”Nestorsaid.“Breathethiswayfortwominutesaday,andthat’sgoingtomakeadifference.”Stonefoundthatlearninganinstrumenthelpedhermaintaingoodpostureandbreathing.____20____.Shealsotookballroomdancinglessons,whichshesaidhadasimilareffect.A.ShekeptholdingherbreathB.ThesetasksresultedinshallowchestbreathingC.ShefoundfewpeoplearoundherhadbreathingproblemsD.StonewonderedhowcommonthiswasandsetouttoinvestigateE.Poorbreathingiswhatyouseewhenyoulookat90%ofthepopulationF.Thisinturnallowedhertoformbetterbreathinghabits—evenwhileinfrontofascreenG.Luckily,NestorandStonefeelconfidentthatit’spossibletoretrainourbodytobreathewell【答案】16.A17.D18.E19.G20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是“电子邮件或屏幕呼吸暂停”现象、产生的原因及应对方法。【16题详析】上文提到“LindaStonenoticedsomethingstrangehappeningeverytimeshesatdowntoansweremails.(LindaStone注意到每次坐下回复邮件时，都会发生一些奇怪的事情)”，接下来需要描述具体发生了什么。A项“Shekeptholdingherbreath(她一直屏住呼吸)”与下文“Iwouldinhale(吸气)inanticipation,butIwouldn’texhalebecausesomanyemailswouldbestreamingin.(我因期待而吸气，但不会呼气，因为邮件不断涌入)”相呼应，说明了她屏住呼吸的原因，故答案选A。【17题详析】下文提到“Sheaskeddozensoffriendsandcoworkerstositathercomputeransweringemailswhileshemonitoredtheirpulseandheartratevariability.(她邀请了几十位朋友和同事坐在她的电脑前回复电子邮件，同时她监测他们的脉搏和心率变异性)”，说明她开始对这一现象开始了研究，D项“Stonewonderedhowcommonthiswasandsetouttoinvestigate.(Stone想知道这种现象有多普遍，于是开始进行调查)”紧随其后，引出了她对这一现象的进一步研究，与下文提到的实验相呼应，故选D。【18题详析】下文提到“Heexplainedthathumanshavelosttouchwithnaturalbreathingpatternsaswespendmuchofthedayhunched(弓身)overourscreensanddevices.(他解释说，由于我们整天弓着身子坐在屏幕和设备前，人类已经失去了自然的呼吸模式)”可知本空需要对这种现象总体评价。E项“Poorbreathingiswhatyouseewhenyoulookat90%ofthepopulation.(当你观察90%的人群时，你会看到呼吸不良的现象)”与下文相呼应，进一步说明了这种现象的普遍性，故选E。【19题详析】上文提到“Breathingproperlyhasenormouspositiveimpactsonourhealthandwell-being.Slowbreathinglowersourstresslevels,increasesfocus,regulatesouremotionsandevenhelpsusmakebetterdecisions.(正确呼吸对我们的健康和福祉有巨大的积极影响。缓慢的呼吸可以降低我们的压力水平，提高注意力，调节情绪，甚至帮助我们做出更好的决策)”接下来需要一个总结性的描述。G项“Luckily,NestorandStonefeelconfidentthatit’spossibletoretrainourbodytobreathewell.(幸运的是，Nestor和Stone有信心可以重新训练我们的身体，使其达到良好的呼吸状态)”与上文相呼应，引出了下文提到的改善呼吸的方法，故选G。【20题详析】上文提到“Stonefoundthatlearninganinstrumenthelpedhermaintaingoodpostureandbreathing.(Stone发现学习乐器有助于她保持良好的姿势和呼吸)”接下来需要一个总结性的描述。F项“Thisinturnallowedhertoformbetterbreathinghabits—evenwhileinfrontofascreen(这反过来又让她形成了更好的呼吸习惯，即使是在屏幕前)”与上文相呼应，进一步说明了学习乐器对呼吸习惯的积极影响，故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mygrandmother’skitchenwasspecialforme.ItwaswhereIdidhomework,haddiscussionswithfamilyand____21____helpedcookamealwhereIwasanexcellenttaste____22____.Mygrandmotherfelt____23____whenIcouldn’thelptakingmorethanonebite.Someofmymostpreciousmemoriesofmygrandmotherarecenteredaroundthe____24____sheprepared.Despitemy____25____forthosememories,I____26____makingcertaindishesthatremindedmeofher.AsmallpartofmeknewwhateverImadewouldn’ttastethesame,andthethoughtofhaving____27____hermademesad.AsI’ddealtwiththatsadness,Ibegan____28____herdishesmorethanever.So,Idecidedtomasterthosemeals.WhenI____29____mygrandmother’scooking,Ithoughtoftanabour(anArmenianyogurtsoup)andkleicha(anIraqidate-filledcookie).Anonline_____30_____couldtellmehowtomakethesedishes,butIwantedtousemygrandmother’s_____31_____.Thankfully,mymomhelpedmetrackdownmygrandmother’srecipes._____32_____smellsoozed(渗出)frommykitchenaseachrecipe_____33_____adifferentmemory.WhilenoteverythingItriedworkedasI’dhoped,Isurprisedmyselfthroughoutthis_____34_____andmanysweetmemoriesofmyfamilyresurfaced.NowI’m_____35_____tocontinuemakingwhatevertakesmebacktomygrandmother’skitchen.21.A.apparently B.occasionally C.suddenly D.hesitantly22.A.instructor B.supporter C.tester D.competitor23.A.ashamed B.satisfied C.concerned D.confused24.A.work B.lecture C.food D.equipment25.A.preparation B.respect C.responsibility D.fondness26.A.avoided B.denied C.regretted D.risked27.A.forgotten B.beaten C.hurt D.lost28.A.longingfor B.sellingout C.checkingon D.pickingup29.A.pictured B.filmed C.delayed D.advertised30.A.promotion B.search C.debate D.comment31.A.opportunities B.predictions C.quotes D.methods32.A.Earthy B.Unpleasant C.Familiar D.Fresh33.A.ruined B.unlocked C.changed D.replaced34.A.process B.protest C.dream D.discussion35.A.declined B.required C.allowed D.motivated【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.C25.D26.A27.D28.A29.A30.B31.D32.C33.B34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者回忆祖母厨房中的美好时光，以及为了重温那些记忆而尝试制作祖母做过的菜肴的经历。【21题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：那是我做作业、和家人讨论的地方，偶尔也会帮忙做饭，而我是一个出色的试味员。A.apparently明显地；B.occasionally偶尔；C.suddenly突然；D.hesitantly犹豫地。根据上文“ItwaswhereIdidhomework,haddiscussionswithfamily”和下文“helpedcookameal”可知，作者在厨房主要做的是做作业和与家人讨论，所以帮忙做饭是偶尔的事，故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是我做作业、和家人讨论的地方，偶尔也会帮忙做饭，而我是一个出色的试味员。A.instructor教练；B.supporter支持者；C.tester测试者，试味员；D.competitor竞争者。根据下文“whenIcouldn’thelptakingmorethanonebite”可知，作者会品尝食物，所以是试味员。故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我忍不住多吃了几口时，祖母感到很满足。A.ashamed羞愧的；B.satisfied满足的；C.concerned担忧的；D.confused困惑的。根据生活常识以及下文“whenIcouldn’thelptakingmorethanonebite”可知，作者多吃几口说明喜欢祖母做的饭，祖母会因此感到满足，故选B。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对祖母最珍贵的一些记忆都围绕着她做的食物。A.work工作；B.lecture讲座；C.food食物；D.equipment设备。根据上文“helpedcookameal”以及“Mygrandmother’skitchenwasspecialforme.”可知，作者对祖母的记忆与食物有关，故选C。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我很喜欢那些回忆，但我避免做某些让我想起她的菜。A.preparation准备；B.respect尊重；C.responsibility责任；D.fondness喜爱。根据上文“Someofmymostpreciousmemoriesofmygrandmotherarecenteredaround...”可知，作者觉得那些记忆很珍贵，所以是喜爱那些回忆，故选D。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我很喜欢那些回忆，但我避免做某些让我想起她的菜。A.avoided避免；B.denied否认；C.regretted后悔；D.risked冒险。根据下文“AsmallpartofmeknewwhateverImadewouldn’ttastethesame,andthethoughtofhavinghermademesad.”可知，作者因为觉得做的菜味道不同会难过，所以避免做，故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我心里有个小小的声音知道，无论我做什么，味道都不会一样，一想到失去了她，我就很难过。A.forgotten忘记；B.beaten打败；C.hurt伤害；D.lost失去。这里是说祖母不在了，作者觉得失去了她。根据文章整体语境可知，祖母已经去世，作者是在回忆祖母，所以是失去了祖母，故选D。【28题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我处理了那种悲伤后，我比以往任何时候都更渴望她做的菜。A.longingfor渴望；B.sellingout卖完；C.checkingon检查；D.pickingup捡起，学会。根据下文“So,Idecidedtomasterthosemeals.”可知，作者决定掌握那些菜肴，所以是渴望吃到祖母做的菜。根据文章第2段“So,Idecidedtomasterthosemeals.”可推知，作者决定去做那些菜，是因为渴望吃到菜，故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我想象祖母做饭时，我想到了tanabour（一种亚美尼亚酸奶汤）和kleicha（一种伊拉克椰枣饼干）。A.pictured想象；B.filmed拍摄；C.delayed推迟；D.advertised广告。根据下文“mygrandmother’scooking”可知，作者是在回忆祖母做饭，所以是在脑海中想象，故选A。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：网上搜索可以告诉我如何做这些菜，但我想用祖母的方法。A.promotion提升；B.search搜索；C.debate辩论；D.comment评论。在网上查找信息是通过搜索。根据生活常识以及上文“Anonline...”可知，在网上获取做菜信息需要通过搜索，故选B。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：网上搜索可以告诉我如何做这些菜，但我想用祖母的方法。A.opportunities机会；B.predictions预测；C.quotes引用；D.methods方法