2018年高考英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第三节题组9

A(2017·河西区二模)Howdidonemanprovethatsmallkindnessesaddup?MyfamilyfirstmetWallyUrtz，thegentle，modestmanagerofourlocalsupermarket，onawindydaynearly20yearsagojustafterwe’dmovedtoHastingsonHudson，aNewYorkCitysuburb.Asmywifemadeherwaytothestore’sexit，attendinghergroceriesandtwosmallchildren，Wallyrushedupbesideher.“I’llgetthose，younglady，”hesaidbrightly，takingherbagsandleadinghertotheparkinglot.Nowthatmayseemlikenobigdeal—exceptthatthesedaysthingslikethatsoseldomhappen.Ourstory，asitturnedout，wastypical.AmongHastings’s8,000peoplelivinghere，spolitenessandgenerosity.Therewerethetimeshespolitenessandgenerosity.Therewerethetimeshe’dreachintohisownpocketwhensomeonewasshortofmoney；thetimeshe’dshowsmallkindnessestosomeonewho’djustlostalovedoneorwhowasinthemiddleofdivorce；themany，manytimeshe’dputhimselfoutforolderpeople.“Hejustappreciatedthatwhenpeoplegetolder，theirlivesgetsmaller—theydon’tdrive，theirfriendshavepassedon—andhowmuchitmeanstobetreatedwarmly，”onewoman，KathyDragansaid.“Whenmymotherwasinher80s，itwasatreatforhertogotothestore.”Wallywouldcallouttotheshopclerkandsay，“Yougiveherwhateverattentionsheneeds.”She’dtellme，“He’skindertomethansomepeopleI’veknownallmylife.”YetfewofusfullyunderstoodwhatWallymeanttothepeople’slifeofourmunity—untilhewassenttoanotherstore20milesaway.Forsomeunknownreason，theFoodEmporiumchainhaddecidedtoreplace67yearoldWallyafter26yearsdueto“operationalissuesrelatedtooperatingastorethesizeoftheoneinHastings”．Noonecouldbelieveit.Wordspreadquickly.Neighborscalledeachotherseekingthefeelingofemotionalfort.SomeplannedtobringWallybackandstagedprotestmarchesoutsidethestore.Othersfloodedthelocalnewspaperwithangryletters.Themayortookupthecause.Eventhepolicetriedtosetthingsright.Agrocerseemsanunlikelyfiguretosetoffsuchanemotionaloutpouring(流露)．WhathedidshowstheremarkableeffectWally—amanofendlesswarmthandgoodhumor—hadonpeople.语篇解读本文描写了WallyUrtz先生无私地关心周围的人，尤其是老年人的事迹，以及大家对他的感恩和拥护。1．Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．WallyUrtzisalwaysreadytohelpotherseveryday.B．WallyUrtzisamanwhowantstodrawattentiontohim.C．WallyUrtzhelpedtheauthor’swifeonpurpose.D．TheauthorhadknownWallyUrtzbeforewemovedtoHastingsonHudson.答案A解析推理判断题。根据文章第三段的内容可推知A项正确。2．ThepurposeofKathyDragan’swordsinParagraph4istoshowthat.A．inthewholelifeofKathyDragan’smother，WallyisthekindestpersontoherB．whenpeoplegetolder，theywouldliketolivebythemselvesC．WallyhadalwayscaredabouthelpingtheolderpeopleD．youshouldgiveyouroldmotherwhateverattentionsheneeds答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“...themany，manytimeshe’dputhimselfoutforolderpeople.”及第四段内容可知，KathyDragan说的话是为了表明Wally总是关心帮助老年人。3．What’speople’sreactiontoWallyUrtz’sbeingmovedaway?A．Noonepaidmuchattentiontoit.B．Manypeopleobjectedtoitindifferentways.C．Thepolicesupporteditwithalltheirheart.D．Themayorthoughtitwasagoodidea.答案B解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“SomeplannedtobringWallybackandstagedprotestmarchesoutsidethestore.Othersfloodedthelocalnewspaperwithangryletters.”可知，很多人用不同的方式反对WallyUrtz先生的调动，故选B。4．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A．apersoninthegrocerycaneasilyexpresshisfeelingsouttoothersB．apersonfullofwarmheartednessandhumorhasagreatinfluenceonpeopleC．themayordidn’tlookintothereasonofpeople’semotionaloutpouringD．theauthorhadjoinedintheplanofbringingWallyback答案B解析推理判断题。结合全文内容，尤其是最后一段中的“WhathedidshowstheremarkableeffectWally—amanofendlesswarmthandgoodhumor—hadonpeople.”可知选B。5．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．WallyUrtzandOldPeopleB．AFoodShoppingGrocerC．WallyUrtz’sBeingMovedAwayD．WallyUrtz—aManofEndlessWarmth答案D解析标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了WallyUrtz先生对周围的人尤其是对老年人无私的关心，给大家带了无尽的温暖，故D项符合。B(2017·河西区一模)Humanbeingsarethemostintelligentofallanimalsbecausewearegiftedwiththeabilitytothinkandreasonlogically.Scientistsandevenmonpeoplewithspecialintelligencehavemadealotofinventionsandcontributionstomodernlifestyleinthepastandevennow.Manyhouseholditemshavebeentheresultofinventionsofpeoplewhodesiredbetterfunctioningoftheexistentproducts.Everyindividualhasintelligenceandifitisusedproperlyfortherightpurposeitleadstoinventionofanewtoolordevice.Manynewhouseholdinventionsaremadealmosteverydayandtherearespecificpanies，whichparticularlykeeparecordofalltheseinventions.Alotofinventionshavebeenmaderecentlyinthehouseholdfield.Theseproductsarepatentedandhavetrademarklicenses.Thepatentedslidingcinchisaverysimplebuteffectivemethodtopreventshoulderstressandinjuryforthosewhoworkbeforeputersalldaylong.VanityPCisatypeofputerfurniturethatspecificallyhidesalltheputerwiresandkeepsacleanandgoodlook.Alltheoutdoordust，mudandsnowcanbekeptoutofthehousebyinstallingthedirtdrain(排水管)attheentranceofthedoor.Anotherimportantinventionistheautomatictoiletnightlight，inwhichasmalllightstartswhenthelidofthetoiletseatisopenedandclosesassoonasthelidisclosed.Thesearesomeofthenewhouseholdinventionsinventedmostlybymonpeople.Thus，avarietyofnewhouseholditemsareinventedeveryday，whichhelpinabetterfunctioningofhouseholdchoresandinamoreusefulmanner.eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了家用发明以及它们产生的影响。)6．Thefirstparagraphisintendedto.A．stresstheimportanceofinventionsB．showtheadvantagesofmodernlifestyleC．introducethetopicofthearticleD．tellthedifferencesbetweenhumanbeingsandanimals答案C解析写作意图题。根据第一段内容，尤其是“Scientistsandevenmonpeoplewithspecialintelligencehavemadealotofinventionsandcontributionstomodernlifestyleinthepastandevennow.”可知，第一段主要介绍了文章的主题，故选C。7．Accordingtothepassage，peoplemakehouseinventionsto.A．improvethepresentlivingconditionsB．earnmoremoneyandgainawardsC．accumulatetheirwealthD．meetthenewdemandsofnewscience答案A解析推理判断题。根据第二段首句“Manyhouseholditemshavebeentheresultofinventionsofpeoplewhodesiredbetterfunctioningoftheexistentproducts.”可知，人们发明了许多家居用品来改善目前的生活条件，故选A。8．Itcanbeinferredthattheslidingcinchisusedto.A．keepyourshouldersafeandsoundinanaccidentoranoperationB．preventyourshoulderfrombeingoverpressuredC．helpyoupracticeyourshouldermoreoftenandreduceshoulderpainsD．coveryourshoulderandmakeitstrongertoresisttheoutsidestrike答案B解析推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thepatentedslidingcinchisaverysimplebuteffectivemethodtopreventshoulderstressandinjuryforthosewhoworkbeforeputersalldaylong.”可知，滑动肚带是用来减少肩部压力和防止受伤的，故选B。9．monpeoplecanalsomakegoodinventionsbecause.A．someinventionsareeasytobemadeandcanbemasteredbythemB．theyhaveastrongdesiretodosomethingforscienceresearchC．successisoftenconnectedwithhardshipandbitterexperienceofmonpeopleD．wisdomandinspirationsometimesefromeverydaylife答案D解析细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，普通人也可以做出好的发明，因为有时智慧和灵感来自日常生活，故选D。10．Thepassagemainlytalksabout.A．thecorrectuseofhouseholdfacilitiesB．differentideasabouthouseholdinventionsC．thehistoryofhouseholdinventionsD．householdinventionsandtheirinfluence答案D解析主旨大意题。阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，这篇文章主要讲了家用发明以及它们产生的影响，故选D。C(2016·河东区一模)Researchersaroundtheworldhavebeentryingtheirhandatmakingbetteruseofthehugeamountofwindenergyavailableinnaturetoproducecleanenergy.Apartfromthis，studiesarebeingcarriedouttoharness(利用)usablewindenergyproducedbymanmadetechnologies.OneusefulsourceidentifiedbyIndianinventorSantoshPradhanabouttwoyearsagoisaspeedingtrain，whichproducesfiercewindthatcanbetransformedintoelectricity.AccordingtoPradhan’sproposal，withafewsmallimprovementsinexistingtrainsrunninginMumbai，thelargestcityinIndia，atleast10,000megawatts(兆瓦)ofelectricitycouldbeharvestedeachday.Buildingonthisprinciple，designersAleLeonettiLupariniaandQianJiangfromYankoDesignhavecreatedadevice(装置)calledTBoxthatharnesseswindenergyfromspeedingtrains.TBoxcanbeplacedwithintherailwaytracks.Itishalfburiedundergroundbetweentheconcretesleepers(水泥枕木)，whichdoesnotdisturbthenormaltrainoperatingatall.AccordingtoYanko，around150TBoxescanbefittedalonga1,000meterrailwaytrack.Atrainrunningataspeedof200kphcanproducewindsblowingat15milesasecond.Basedonthiscalculation,150TBoxescanproduce2.6KWHofelectricityperday.TheTBox’sdesignwonasilvermedalinlastyear’sLiteOnAwardsandwasexhibitedlastsummerattheXueXueInstituteinTaipei，TaiwanProvince.Thoughthefigureslookimpressive，itisimportanttorememberthatthedesignisstillataconceptualstageandhasn’ttakenintoaccountissuessuchaspiecesofwastematerialproducedbythedeviceandtheeffortsandcostsinvolvedinthemaintenance(维护)ofthedevice.Wecanexpectthetechnologytoseethelightofthedayonlyafteritclearstheseissues.Ifso，railtravel，oneofthegreenestformsoftravel，willbeegreenerandmoreenergyefficient.语篇解读本文介绍了一种新的装置T­Box的发明，它可以利用加速行驶的列车提取风能。如果能投入实际应用，它可以让我们的出行变得更环保和更有效。11．WhatcanwelearnaboutTBox?A．Itwillbefittedonthetrains.B．ItisbasedonPradhan’sidea.C．Itcanturnelectricityintolight.D．ItwasinventedbyanIndianscientist.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段的内容“AccordingtoPradhan’sproposal，withafewsmallimprovementsinexistingtrainsrunninginMumbai...”及第四段中的“Buildingonthisprinciple...”可知这个装置是基于Pradhan的想法，故选B项。12．HowmuchelectricitycanbeproducedperdaybyTBoxesalongarailwaytrackof100km?A．260KWH. B．2.6KWH.C．150KWH. D．1.5KWH.答案A解析数字计算题。根据第五段最后一句“AccordingtoYanko，around150TBoxescanbefittedalonga1,000meterrailwaytrack.”和第六段第二句“Basedonthiscalculation,150TBoxescanproduce2.6KWHofelectricityperday.”可知是2.6乘以100，故选A项。13．Itcanbeconcludedfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat.A．TBoxhasprovedtobeeffectiveinharvestingwindB．themaintenanceofTBoxwillbecostlyC．thereismuchtodoaboutTBoxD．TBoxwilleintousesoon答案C解析段落大意题。根据最后两段尤其是倒数第二段第一句“Thoughthefigureslookimpressive，itisimportanttorememberthatthedesignisstillataconceptualstage...”虽然这个数字是很可观的，但要记住这个设计仍处在概念阶段，故还有很多工作要做，故选C项。14．Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．TheIndianinventorSantoshPradhaninventedthespeedingtrain.B．TheTBox’sdesignwonasilvermedalinLiteOnAwardslastyear.C．Railtravelhasbeeoneoftheenergyefficienttechnologiesintheworld.D．Indiaharvests10,000megawattsofelectricityeachdayonaverage.答案B解析细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第三句“TheTBox’sdesignwonasilvermedalinlastyear’sLiteOnAwardsandwasexhibitedlastsummerattheXueXueInstituteinTaipei，TaiwanProvince.”可知这个设计在去年的光宝创新奖获得银奖，故选B项。15．Thepassageismainlywrittento.A．encouragemorepeopletotravelbytrainB．explaintheadvantagesofelectricityC．tellreadershowtosaveenergyandmoneyD．introduceanewinventiontoreaders答案D解析写作目的题。通读全文知，作者主要向我们介绍了一种新的发明TBox，此装置可以利用加速行驶的列车提取风能。故选D项。D(2017·河西区一模)Inthepast，fallingoilpriceshavegivenaboosttotheworldeconomy，butrecentforecastsforglobalgrowthhavebeentoneddown(不容乐观)，evenasoilpricessinklowerandlower.Doesthatmeanthelinkbetweenloweroilpricesandgrowthhasweakened?Someexpertssaytherearestillgoodreasonstobelievecheapoilshouldheatuptheworldeconomy.Consumershavemoremoneyintheirpocketswhenthey’repayinglessatthepump.Theyspendthatmoneyonotherthings，whichstimulatestheeconomy.ThebiggestgainsgotocountriesthatimportmostoftheiroillikeChina，Japan，andIndia.Butdoesn’ttheextramoneyinthepocketsofthosecountries’consumersmeananequallossinoilproducingcountries，cancellingoutthegains？“Notnecessarily，”sayseconomicresearcherSaraJohnson.“Manyoilproducersbuiltuphugereservefundswhenpriceswerehigh，sowhenpricesfalltheywilldrawontheirreservestosupportgovernmentspendingandsubsidies(补贴)fortheirconsumers.”Butnotalloilproducershavebigreserves.InVenezuela，collapsingoilpriceshavesentitseconomyintofreefall.EconomistCarlWeinbergbelievesthenegativeeffectsofplungingoilpricesareoverwhelmingthepositiveeffectsofcheaperoil.Theimplicationisasharpdeclineinglobaltrade，whichhasplunged(暴跌)partlybecauseoilproducingnationscan’taffordtoimportasmuchastheyusedto.SaraJohnsonacknowledgesthattheglobaleconomicbenefitfromafallinoilpricestodayislikelylowerthanitwasinthepast.Onereasonisthatmorecountriesarebigoilproducersnow，sothenationssufferingfromthepricedropaccountforalargershareoftheglobaleconomy.Consumers，inAmericaatleast，areactingcautiouslywiththesavingsthey’regettingatthegaspump，asthememoryoftherecentgreatrecession(衰退)isstillfreshintheirmind.Andanumberofoilproducingcountriesaretrimmingtheirgasolinesubsidiesandraisingtaxes，sothenetsavingsforglobalconsumersisnotasbigastheoilpriceplungemightsuggest.语篇解读本文论述了石油价格下跌对全球经济增长的影响。16．Whatdoestheauthormainlydiscussinthepassage?A．Thereasonsbehindtheplungeofoilprices.B．Possiblewaystostimulatetheglobaleconomy.C．Theeffectoffallingoilpricesonconsumerspending.D．Theimpactofcheapoilonglobaleconomicgrowth.答案D解析主旨大意题。由首段最后一句“Doesthatmeanthelinkbetweenloweroilpricesandgrowthhasweakened？”可知，文章讲述的是石油价格下跌与全球经济增长之间的联系，故选D。17．Whydosomeexpertsbelievecheapoilwillstimulatetheglobaleconomy?A．Manufacturerscanproduceconsumergoodsatamuchlowercost.B．Consumerswillspendtheirsavingfromcheapoilonothergoods.C．Loweroilpriceshavealwaysgivenabigboosttotheglobaleconomy.D．Oilpricesmayriseorfallbuteconomiclawsarenotsubjecttochange.答案B解析细节理解题