Unit1ThisismeUnderstandingideas（II）grammar课件-外研版八年级英语上册

Unit1ThisismeUnderstandingideasⅡ＆GrammarLearningObjectivesInthisclass,youwillbeableto

summarisethegrammarrulesofthepresentperfecttenseandpracticeusingthem.sharetheviewsaboutifwecareaboutourlooks.masternewwordsandexpressionsinthereading.Languagepoints1.supposev.认为；假定；设想；料想（用于礼貌地建议或请求）Eg:①Isupposehewillcomebacksoon.我认为他很快会回来。②Let’ssupposethatthenewsistrue.我们假定这个消息是真的。

③

Idon’tsupposeyouknowher.我想你不认识她吧。2.birthmarkn.胎记；胎痣Eg:①Shehasasmallbirthmarkonherarm.她手臂上有一个小小的胎记。②Thebirthmarklookslikealittlestar.这个胎痣看起来像一颗小星星。3.secretly

adv.秘密地；偷偷地；私下地Eg:①Theysecretlyplannedapartyforher.他们偷偷地为她策划了一场派对。②Shesecretlytookaphotoofthecutecat.她偷偷给那只可爱的猫拍了张照。4.crowded

adj.拥挤的；挤满人的Eg:①Thecrowdedstreetwasfullofpeople.拥挤的街道上挤满了人。②ThebusissocrowdedthatIcannotmove.这辆公交车太挤了，我动不了。

③Weliveinacrowdedcity.我们住在一个拥挤的城市里。5.disastern.灾难（如自认灾害；意外事故等）Eg:①Theearthquakewasaterribledisaster.那场地震是一场可怕的灾难。②Manypeoplelosttheirhomesintheflooddisaster.许多人在洪水中失去了家园。

③

Weshouldlearnhowtopropectourselvesfromnaturaldisasters.我们应该学习如何保护自己免受自然灾害伤害。6.therefore

adv.因此；所以Eg:①Heworkedhard.Therefore,hepassedtheexam.他努力学习，因此通过了考试。②Itrainedheavily,therefore,westayedathome.雨下得很大，所以我们待在了家里。

③Sheisill,andthereforeshecannotcome.她生病了，因此不能来。7.insteadofprep.

代替；而不是Eg:①Iwillgoinsteadofhim.我会代替他去。②Shedrankteainsteadofcoffee.她喝了茶而不是咖啡。

③HelikesreadinginsteadofwatchingTV.他喜欢看书，

而不是看电视。7.althoughconj.虽然；尽管

（不能与but同时用）Eg:①

Althoughitrained,westillwenthiking.虽然下雨了，我们还是去远足了。②Shepassedtheexamalthoughshedidn’tstudyhard.尽管她没有努力学习，还是通过了考试。

③Hedecidedtotryagain,althoughhefailedmanytimes.虽然失败了很多次，他还是决定再试一次。8.bathroomn.浴室；卫生间Eg:①Sheistakingashowerinthebathroom.她正在浴室里洗澡。②Thereisatoiletinthebathroom.卫生间里有

一个马桶。

③Couldyoutellmewherethebathroomis?你能告诉我洗手间在那里吗？9.wiseadj.明智的；聪明的；有智慧的Eg:①Hemadeawisedecision.他做了一个明智的决定。②Itiswisetolistentoyourparents’advice.听取父母的建议是明智的。

③Thewiseoldmanhelpedussolvetheproblem.那位有智慧的老人帮我们解决了问题。10.differencen.差别；差异；不同之处Eg:①Canyoufindthedifferencesbetweenthetwopictures？你能找到这两张图片的不同之处吗？②Yourhelpwillmakeabigdifferencetome.你的帮助对我会有很大的影响。11.Oncrowdedbusesandtrains,itfeltjustlikeadisaster.在拥挤的公共汽车和火车上，这感觉就像一场灾难。feellike...意为"感觉像是……；想要做……"。Eg:

①Doyoufeellikegoingforaswim?

②Itfeelslikesummereventhoughit’sonlyMay.

虽然现在只是五月，但感觉已经像夏天了。12.Withsomanypeoplearoundme,mybirthmarkburnedredhot.周围有那么多人，我的胎记变得异常红肿。“Withsomanypeoplearoundme”是一由with引导的介词短语，用来描述伴随的状态，用于修饰整个句子。Eg:①

Withsomuchnoiseinthelibrary,it’shardtoreadbooks.②

Withmyparentsaway,Ihadtotakecareofmyself.

图书馆里有这么大的噪音，我很难阅读。

父母不在家，我不得不照顾我自己。13.Withsomanypeoplearoundme,mybirthmarkburnedredhot.周围有那么多人，我的胎记变得异常红肿。burn在此处是动词，意为“燃烧；变热、发烫”。Eg:①Thecandleburnsslowly.

当我在课堂上说话时，我感到脸在发烫。

蜡烛燃烧得很慢。

②

IfeltmyfaceburningwhenIspokeinclass.14.Shesatrightbesideme.她就坐在我旁边。right

在此处是副词，用来修饰介词短语besideme，意为“正好；紧挨着”。Eg:①Westoodrightbehidethetrees.

②Theboysatrightinthemiddleofthebed.

他正好站在树后面。那个小男孩正好坐在床的中间。15.Cloudscamethroughthewindowandfilledmyheart.乌云穿过窗户进来，弥漫在我的心头。comethrough意为“穿过，通过”。Eg:①Thesunlightcamethroughthewindowandwarmedtheroom.

②Thehikerscamethroughtheforestafterhoursofwalking.

阳光穿过窗户，温暖了房间。经过数小时的行走，徒步旅行者穿过了森林。16.Cloudscamethroughthewindowandfilledmyheart.fill在此处是动词，意为“装满，充满”。Eg:①Waterfilledthebottle.

②Asenseofjoyfilledherheart.

水装满了瓶子。

她的内心充满了喜悦。17.Thenextday,tomysurprise,Maddiepaintedaredroseonherownface!第二天，令我惊讶的是，麦迪在自己的脸上画了一朵红玫瑰！toone’ssurprise

意为“令某人惊讶的是……”。Eg:①

Tohersurprise,shefoundthekeysunderthetable.

②

Totheirsurprise,theywonthefootballmatch.

令她惊讶的是，她在桌子底下找到了钥匙。令他们惊讶的是，他们赢了这场足球赛。GrammarLead-inReadthesentencesandpayattentiontotheredparts.1.Ihaveseenthemovie.Idonotwanttoseeitagain.

我已经看过这部电影了，不想再看了。2.

Haveyoueverwonanyprizesbefore?

你以前得过奖吗?3.Myunclehastravelledacrosstheworld.

我叔叔已经周游了世界。4.Manyfriendshaveagreedtohelpus.

很多朋友已经同意帮助我们。5.Theboyshaveenteredalotofcompetitions.

这些男孩们已经参见过许多比赛。thepresentperfecttense现在完成时Activity1Presentperfecttense010203040506意义动词变化搭配的状语构成与过去时的区别句型Activity1

现在完成时的意义01现在过去将来Eg：Ihaveseenthemovie.Idonotwanttoseeitagain.

我已经看过这部电影了，不想再看了。

看电影这个动作发生在过去，但是这里强调看过电影这个动作的影响，即已经知道内容了，所以不想再看了。

现在完成时表示在以前某个时间已经发生的行为或曾经做过的事情对目前有某种影响

。Activity1

现在完成时的构成1.Ihaveseenthefilm.Idonotwanttoseeitagain.2.Myaunthastravelledallovertheworld.3.Manypeoplehaveagreedtohelpus.4.Thegirlhasenteredalotofcomtetitions.02have/has+动词的过去分词have与has的选择:主语为单数第三人称时选择has，主语为非单数第三人称选择haveActivity1

动词过去分词的变化规律03一般情况在动词后+edhelp--helped以不发音的e结尾，在动词后+dinvite--invited以“辅音+y”结尾，改y为i+edcry--cried重读闭音节或以“辅音+元音+辅音”结尾的词，双写动词最后一个字母再+edplan--planned规则变化

动词过去分词的变化规律03Activity1不规则变化原型过去式过去分词bedoeatgosee原型过去式过去分词findhavemakeletputwas/weredidatewentsawbeendoneeatengoneseenfoundhadmadeletputfoundhadmadeletput

现在完成时的句型04Activity1Eg：①Wehavetravelledaroundtheworld.②HehasbeentoLosAngeles.否定句Eg：①Wehaven’ttravelledaroundtheworld.②Hehasn’tbeentoLosAngeles.主语+haven’t/hasn’t+done+其他haven’t=havenothasn’t=hasnot肯定句主语+have/has+done+其他

现在完成时的句型Activity1回答肯定回答:Yes,主语对应的代词+have/has.否定回答:No,主语对应的代词+haven't/hasn't.Eg：

①-Haveyoutravelledaroundtheworld?-Yes,wehave./No,wehaven't.一般疑问句Eg：①

Haveyoutravelledaroundtheworld?

②

HashebeentoLosAngeles?Have/has+主语+done+其他?

②-HashebeentoLosAngeles?-Yes,hehas./No,hehasn't.04

现在完成时与过去时的区别Activity105alreadyEg：Astronautshavealreadybeentothemoon.

宇航员已经去过月球了。用来表示“已经”,用于肯定句中,一般在have/has之后。just用来表示“刚刚”,用于肯定句中,一般在have/has之后。Eg：Wehavejuststartedtoexploreotherplanets.

我们才刚刚开始探索其他行星。yet用来表示“还未”,用于否定句中。Eg：Manhasnotdiscoveredanylifeinspaceyet.

人类还未在太空中发现任何生命迹象。

现在完成时搭配的时间状语Activity106现在完成时表示事件是在现在之前的某一个时间里发生的，重点在于已完成动作对现在的影响。过去时表示在过去某一具体时间发生的事情。Eg：IhavejustbeentoLondon.Iwenttherelastmonth.

我刚去过伦敦，上个月去的。Eg：Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.Ifinishedittwohoursago.

我已经完成家庭作业了，两小时前完成的。在没有明确的过去时间状语时，如何判断该用现在完成时还是一般过去时呢?判断的标准是看该行为是否对现在有影响，也就是说该句所强调的是什么。Eg：A:Wherehaveyouputmyruler?Ican’tfindit.

你把我的尺子放哪儿去了?我找不到。B:Iputitonyourdeskyesterday.我昨天放在你桌上了。Activity2Fillintheblankswiththepresentperfecttense.1.I____________(notsee)himforayear.Imissedhimsomuch.2._____he_______(hear)fromhisbestfriendrecently?3.They____________(notbe)toBeijingbefore.4.--Haveyoufoundyourkeys?--No,___________.5.Theboy__________(stand)thereforanhour.6.--_____Sally_______(come)tothepartyyet?--Yes,________.7.Myplant___________(notgrow)up.haven’tseenHasheardhaven’tbeenIhaven’thasstoodHascomehasn’tgrownshehasActivity3Rewritethefollowingsentences.1.Ihavewashedthedishes.(变一般疑问句)2.Hasshegonetothesupermarket?(否定回答)3.Theyhavedoneagoodjob.(变否定句)4.Thenumberofforestparkshasincreasedalot.(变一般疑问句)5.Hastheshowstartedyet?(肯定回答)Haveyouwashedthedishes?No,shehasn’t.Theyhaven'tdoneagoodjob.Hasthenumberofforestparksincresedalot?Yes,ithas.Activity4Writesentenceswiththepresentperfecttense.1.I/just/cutmylonghair2.She/never/worryabout/herlooks3.I/just/paintabeautifulflower/onmyface4.Chris/always/wear/apairofglasses5.Jessica/already/changeheropinion/onherlooksIhavejustcutmylonghair.Shehasneverworriedaboutherlooks.Ihavejustpaintedabeautifulfloweronmyface.Chrishasalwayswornapairofglasses.Jessicahasalreadychangedheropiniononherlooks.Activity5Rewritetheunderlinedsentencesusingthepresentperfecttense.1.

Iwasthetalleststudentinmyclass.Now,I’mstillthetallest.

2.

Isatonthelastrowinprimaryschool.Nowatjuniorhigh,I’mstillsittingonthelastrow.Peoplealwayslookatmeinsurprise.3.

“Youmustbegoodatbasketball,”myclassmatesatprimaryschoolalwayssaidthat.Nowatjuniorhigh,myclassmatessaythesame.Infact,I’mnotgoodatbasketballatall.Butbeingtallisnotalwaysbad.Itmakesmeeasytorecognise,andIcanhelpothersreachthingsdown.4.

Icouldn’tacceptmyheight,butIlearntodoitnow.I’mproudofmyself.What’sthepassageabout?Itisaboutthewriter'sexperienceofbeingthetalleststudentinclass.Activity5Rewritetheunderlinedsentencesusingthepresentperfecttense.1.Iwasthetalleststudentinmyclass.Now,I’mstillthetallest.2.Isatonthelastrowinprimaryschool.Nowatjuniorhigh,I’mstillsittingonthelastrow.3.“Youmustbegoodatbasketball,”myclassmatesatprimaryschoolalwayssaidthat.Nowatjuniorhigh,myclassmatessaythesame.4.Icouldn’tacceptmyheight,butIlearntodoitnow.I’mproudofmyself.Ihavebeenthetalleststudentinmyclass.Ihavesatonthelastrow.“Youmustbegoodatbasketball,”myclassmateshavealwayssaidthat.Ihavelearnttoacceptmyheight.ExperienceofacceptingyourselfActivity6Workinpairs.Discusstheexperienceofacceptingyourlooks.Whichpartofyourlooksareyounothappywith?Howdidyoufeelaboutitbefore?Howdoyoufeelaboutitnow?Whydidyouchangeyourviewofit?Whatcanyoulearnfromthisexperience?IfeltsadwhenIwasaroundtallpeople.Ifindbeingshorthassomegoodthings