2025年新高一英语暑假衔接讲练(人教版)专题08阅读理解提分引擎(题型解法与长难句拆解指南)-1

2025年新高一英语暑假提升精品讲义（人教版2019）专题08阅读理解提分引擎(题型解法与长难句拆解指南)内容导航考点聚焦：核心考点，有的放矢重点速记：知识点和重难点梳理，查漏补缺高频考点：模拟新题+提升专练，全面突破模拟精炼：知识点和关键点训练，能力提升考点（一）阅读理解题型解法考点（二）阅读理解长难句拆解技巧考点（三）阅读理解避坑指南秘诀考点（四）阅读理解题易错点及应对指南考点（五）阅读理解提分解题策略考点（六）阅读理解实战模拟精炼考点（一） 阅读理解题型解法高考英语阅读理解要想提分,需掌握各类题型解法,以下是详细介绍：阅读理解题型解法:（一）事实细节题解题方法：（1）寻读法。先看试题，再读文章，对有关信息进行快速定位，将相关信息整合、甄别、分析、对比，排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此方法适用于图形表格类题材。（2）注意事项：抓住事件的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，答案要符合原文，不可望文生义。同时，注意句子的逻辑关系，关注表因果、转折等关系的功能词。（二）猜测词义题解题方法:（1）根据定义或解释说明：在有be，becalled，call等判断词的判断句中，或定语从句及标点符号处，可根据已知部分猜测生词含义。（2）根据对比关系：在but,however,yet等表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中,可根据前后词的对比关系猜词。通过因果关系：利用because，since，as，so等连接原因状语从句或结果状语从句的连词，依据已知部分通过因果关系猜词。（4）根据生活常识：运用逻辑推理能力和自身生活经验及常识，联系上下文能读懂的部分来猜词。（5）根据同等关系：当一个词、一组词或短语在句中作同一成分，且词义属于同一范畴，中间常用并列连词and或or连接时，可根据同等关系猜词。（5）根据列举的事例：通过文中列举的事例来猜测生词的含义。（三）主旨大意题解题方法：通过串联首段和各段首句来把握文章主旨，优先选择包含“首段核心词+尾段态度词”的选项，排除含单一细节的选项。注意事项：要避免以段落细节代替全文中心，需从整体上把握文章内容。（四）推理判断题解题方法：在原文依据旁用“⇒”标注推论，从原文出发，合理推断，避免主观臆断。注意事项：不可过度推理，答案应基于原文信息，是对原文内容的合理引申。长难句拆解指南:（一）“主谓宾拆解法”三步通关抓主干：用横线划出主语和谓语动词，明确句子核心。method...am___discoveredanewmethod...”，先找出“team”是主语，“discovered”是谓语动词。拆修饰：用括号括起从句、分词短语等修饰成分，简化句子结构。例如“whospentyearsresearching”这样的定语从句，可将其视为修饰成分括起来，暂时不看，以突出句子主干。标逻辑：用符号标记转折（▲）、因果（★）、例证（◆）等关系。temperature...uetoclimatechange,◆suchasrisingtemperature...”，通过标记逻辑关系词，更清晰地理解句子之间的关系。每日训练：选取3个真题长难句，用不同颜色笔区分主干与修饰，如主语用黄色、谓语用红色、从句用绿色，拍照留存对比进步，以增强对长难句的理解和分析能力。高考英语阅读理解的避坑指南秘诀：（一）认清干扰项特点无中生有：选项内容在文章中没有任何依据，是命题者凭空捏造的。如:2023年新高考I卷中，题目问“WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?”有选项说“Toprotecttheplants.”，但原文未提及植物需要保护，属于无中生有。（1）偷换概念：选项中的关键词与原文相似，但意思被改变。比如原文说的是某种产品的“quality”（质量）很好，选项中却换成了“quantity”（数量）很多。（2）因果倒置：选项中因果关系与原文相反。若原文是“A导致B”，选项可能变成“B导致A”。（3）绝对化表述：使用“all”“always”“never”“must”等极端词的选项，通常要谨慎对待，因为这类表述过于绝对，不符合原文的意思。（4）范围扩大或缩小：选项比原文描述的范围更宽泛或更具体。如原文说的是“somestudents”（一些学生），选项变成了“allstudents”（所有学生），这就属于范围扩大。（5）主观推测：选项内容是基于原文的过度推理，并非直接信息。如原文只是说某人做了某件事，选项却推断出这个人有某种特定的性格特点，而原文中并没有相关暗示。（6）混淆信息：采用原文的部分词汇，但改变了句意，将不同地方的信息拼凑在一起，造成误导。（二）掌握正确阅读方法和答题步骤阅读方法：运用略读了解文章主旨大意和结构框架，通过扫读快速定位关键信息，对于重点内容进行精读，分析句子结构和逻辑关系。答题步骤：先看题干，明确题目类型和要求，划出关键词；然后带着问题读文章，根据关键词定位相关信息；最后结合原文内容，仔细分析选项，排除干扰项，选择正确答案。（三）其他注意事项（1）注意文章结构和逻辑关系：了解总分、对比、举例、数据引用等不同结构段落的特点和作用，关注转折、因果、并列等逻辑关系词，有助于更好地理解文章和把握考点。（2）合理分配时间：简单的细节定位题耗时不超过1分钟，难题如主旨推断题控制在2.5分钟以内，避免在某一道题上花费过多时间，影响整体答题进度。（3）认真检查:核对选项是否答非所问，特别注意代词指代是否准确，避免因粗心大意而丢分。（1）主旨大意题易错点：容易被细节干扰，误把段落大意当作文章主旨；对文章整体把握不够，选择的选项过于片面或过于宽泛。应对方法：重点阅读首段和尾段，关注每段的首句或尾句，寻找主题句。同时，要学会归纳总结，排除那些只涉及局部信息的选项。（2）细节理解题易错点：忽略题干中的限定词，导致定位错误；对原文信息理解不准确，被选项中的干扰信息迷惑。应对方法：用题干中的关键词回文定位，找到原文出处后，仔细核对选项与原文的细节，注意同义替换，确保信息准确无误，不曲解、不夸大。（3）推理判断题易错点：过度推理，加入自己的主观想法，超出了原文所给信息的范围；对文章中的暗示信息理解不到位，无法进行合理推断。应对方法：识别关键词，分析上下文逻辑关系，寻找如情感词、因果关系等暗示信息。答案必须基于文中信息，避免过度推测。（4）词义猜测题易错点：脱离上下文语境，仅凭对单词的常规理解来选择答案；对上下文的提示信息把握不准确，导致猜错词义。应对方法：结合上下文，寻找解释、对比、因果等提示信息，还可以根据词根、前后缀来推测词义。将选项代入原文，看是否符合语境和逻辑。（5）指代关系题易错点：没有准确理解上下文逻辑，找错指代对象；对代词的语法功能和指代规则不熟悉。应对方法：向前寻找指代对象，通常是前一句的某个名词或概念，确保指代对象在逻辑上与代词一致。（6）作者态度题易错点：不能准确把握作者的情感倾向，被文中其他人的观点所干扰；对表示态度的词汇理解不准确，导致判断错误。应对方法：关注文中的情感词，如“fortunately”“surprisingly”“unfortunately”“doubtfully”等，分析作者用词的褒贬色彩，从而判断作者的态度，排除极端选项。高考英语阅读理解提分引擎的提分解题策略（一）题型通用技巧先看题干，明确题型和重点：快速浏览题目，判断题目类型，如细节题、主旨题、推断题、词义猜测题等。明确题目所问内容，圈出关键词，如人名、地名、数字、时间、关键动词或名词等，带着问题去读文章，有针对性地寻找答案。（二）学会定位，结合原文作答：根据题干中的关键词，在文章中找到与之相关的段落或句子，这就是答案的定位区域。仔细阅读定位区域的上下文，理解其含义，与选项进行对比分析，选择与原文意思最相符的选项。注意，答案一定是基于原文内容，不能凭主观臆断或常识来答题。（三）善用排除，缩小选择范围：对于不确定的题目，可通过排除法缩小选择范围。排除与原文内容不符、与题目要求无关、过于绝对或不合理的选项。有些选项可能只包含部分正确信息，或者偷换概念、以偏概全，要仔细辨别。（四）阅读方法技巧1、略读：快速浏览文章标题、首尾段、每段首句以及图片、图表等，了解文章的主旨大意、结构框架和主要内容，明确文章的题材和体裁，为进一步阅读做好准备。2、扫读：在略读的基础上，根据题目要求，有针对性地在文中寻找特定的信息，如人名、地名、数字、日期等。眼睛快速扫视文章，忽略无关信息，只关注与题目相关的内容，提高阅读效率。3、精读：对于文章中的关键段落、长难句以及与题目相关的细节内容，要进行精读。仔细分析句子结构，理解每个单词和短语的含义，把握句子之间的逻辑关系，从而准确理解文章的深层含义。Passage01（2425高一上·安徽芜湖·开学考试）Songbirdsdohaveaperfectvoice.Everyspeciesofbirdwakesupataveryparticulartimeinthemorningandbeginstosing.Thisisbecauseeachspecieshasitsownspecificwakingstimulus(刺激),whichislinkedtothebrightnessofthesunlight.Likehumanbeingswhohavetolearntospeak,birdsalsohavetolearnhowtosing.Theydothisinseveralstages.First,theypracticevoicesandsounds,whichisparabletotheearlystageinhumanlanguagedevelopment.Duringthesecondstage,thebirdspracticetheirsongforeighttoninemonths,untilmemoryandpracticematchup.Thesingingisstrengthenedduringthefinalstage.Althoughnightingalesgottheirnameasaresultoftheirsingingatnight,notallnightingalessingatnight.Generally,bothmalesandfemalessingduringtheday.Thenightsongisusedmainlyforseekingpartners.Aftersucceedinginattractingafemale,themalenightingalefallssilentanddoesn’tstarthissongagainuntiltheearlymorning.Birdsareseasonalsingers.Weonlyhearnumerouskindsofbirdconcertsbetweenspringandhighsummer.Thisisthetimewhenbirdsarelookingforpartners,andwhenthemalesaimtomarkouttheirterritory(地盘).Evenafterfindingapartner,malescontinuetosingwhentheyareshowingtheiroffspring(幼崽)howtosing.Birdsdon’tallsingaswellasothers,notevenwithinaspecies(物种).Thesongofabirdin

LondonwillbequitedifferentfromthatofabirdinParisorBerlin.Althoughthemembersofeachbirdspeciesshareavocabularyofsounds,dialectal(方言的)differencesarequitemon.Theindividualdialectsarenotnaturalbutarelearntwhilebirdsarestillyoung,justaschildrenadoptthedialectoftheirparents.Theyoungbirdsalwayssingaswellorasbadlyastheirteachers,whosestyleandtalentaredifferentfromareatoarea.1．Whydodifferentspeciesofbirdssingatdifferenttimesinthemorning?A．Theyhavedifferentmodelsofmemory.B．Theypreferdifferentweatherconditions.C．Theyreacttothebrightnessdifferently.D．Theyhavedifferentreferenceobjectsofwakingup.2．What’sthemainreasonforthemalenightingale’ssingingatnight?A．Toenlargeitsterritory. B．Toteachitsoffspring.C．Todriveenemiesaway. D．Todrawfemales’attention.3．Whatmainlydeterminesabird’ssoundofsinging?A．Itsinborntalent. B．Itslearningability.C．Itsspecies’popularity. D．Itsgrowingenvironment.4．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．TheScienceofBirds’SingingB．LanguageDevelopmentofBirdsC．TheSeasonalChangeofBirdsongsD．TheDifferenceofDialectsinBirdmunicationPassage02（2425高一下·河北衡水·开学考试）Dogshavebeenhumans’bestfriendsforthousandsofyears,andtheirabilitytounderstandusgoesmorethanjustfollowingorders.Dogsarereallygoodatunderstandinghowhumansfeel.They’velearnedtopickuponwordsandfacialexpressionsfromhumans.Arecentstudyhasshownthatdogscanactuallysmellhumanstressandrespond(反应)toitinwaysthatsuggestacloserelationshipwithushumans.Thisinterestingdiscoverythrowslightonhowdeeplycloseourliveshavebeewithourdogfriends.So,candogsreallysmellstress?Theanswerisyes!ResearchersattheUniversityofBristoldidastudywheretheyfoundthatdogscansensestressthroughachemicalcalledcortisol(皮质醇)inoursweat.Thisabilityallowsthemtorespondemotionallytohumanstress.Inthestudy,18volunteersandtheirdogstookpart.Thesevolunteerswentthroughpublicspeakingandtooktestsofsolvingdifficultmathproblemswithoutanypreparation.Theirworrymademorecortisolappearintheirsweat.Whenthedogssmelledthisstressedsweat,theyfeltlesscuriousandshowedlessinterestinafoodbowlinanuncertainposition,asiftheythoughttherewasnofoodinthosebowls.Itseemsthatdogscanreallyfeelthestressofhumansandtheirownfeelingscanbeaffected,too.Thisshowsthathumansanddogshaveaverydeepconnection,whereemotionscanspreadbetweenuslikeawave.Ph.Dhowdiddogsdevelopsuchabilitytosensestress?Well,itmightbebecausesensingstresshelpeddogssurviveinthepast.Iftheycouldtellwhenanothermemberoftheirgroupwasworriedandstressed,theyknewtheymightbeatrisk.AsZoeParrCortes,leadstudyauthorandaPh.D．studentatBristolVeterinarySchool,said,“Beingabletosensestressfromanothermemberofthepackwaslikelybeneficial.”5．Whydidvolunteersinthestudydopublicspeakingandmathtasks?A．Totesttheirsocialskills. B．Toseehowdogswouldhelpthem.C．Toshowtheirabilitytoreducepressure. D．Toraisetheirstressandcortisollevels.6．Whathappenedwhendogssmelledstressinthestudy?A．Theirresponsewasfaster. B．Theystayedawayfromtheirowners.C．Theyfocusedlessonfood. D．Theybarkedtowarnownersofdanger.7．Whatmightbethereasondogsdevelopedtheabilitytosensestress?A．Toavoiddanger. B．Toprotecttheirfood.C．Tohuntmoreeffectively. D．Tobetterunderstandhumans.8．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Aguidebookfordogtraining. B．Ascientificresearchreport.C．Anewspaperaboutanimaladventures. D．Amagazineaboutwildlifeprotection.Passage03（2425高一下·湖南长沙·开学考试）Makingafilmislikesolvingaplexpuzzle.Whileactorsandthestoryarewhatweseeonscreen,manypeopleworkbehindthescenestomakethemovieealive.Eachpersonhasauniqueroletoplayinbringingthefinalproducttolife.Thedirectorisoftenregardedastheleaderoftheproject.Theyguidetheactors,determinethevisualpositionofeachscene,andcollaborate(合作)closelywiththecinematographertoselectthemosteffectivecameraanglesandlighting.Thecinematographer,alsoknownasthedirectorofphotography,isresponsibleforcapturingthefilm’svisualaesthetic.Theymanipulate(熟练操作)lightandshadowtocreatethedesiredmoodandatmosphere.Anotherkeypersonistheproductiondesigner,whooverseesthefilm’soveralllook.Theymakesureeverydetail,fromthesetstothecostumes,matchesthestory’ssettingandtone.Forexample,ifthefilmissetinahistoricalperiod,theproductiondesignerensuresthattheprops,clothing,andenvironmentsaccuratelyreflectthattime.Theyworkwithartdirectors,setdecorators,andcostumedesignerstocreateacohesive(协调的)andbelievableworld.Sounddesignersandeditorsalsoplayacrucialrole.Theyenhancethefilm’semotionalimpactbyaddingsoundeffects,backgroundnoises,andmusic.Withouttheircontributions,eventhemostexcitingsceneswouldlackdepthandintensity.Finally,theeditorcarefullyassembles(整合)thefootage,selectingthebesttakesandarrangingthemtocreateapellingnarrative(扣人心弦的叙事).Thisprocess,whichcantakemonths,isessentialformakingsurethefilmflowssmoothlyandkeepstheaudienceengaged.9．Whodirectlyworkswithactorstodecidehowscenesshouldlook?A．Thecinematographer. B．Theproductiondesigner.C．Thedirector. D．Thesoundeditor.10．Theunderlinedword“aesthetic”inParagraph2mostcloselymeans_____________.A．emotionalimpact B．visualstyle C．historicalaccuracy D．storystructure11．Ifafilm’s1920ssettingfeelsunrealistic,whichrolelikelyfailedtheirjob?A．Theeditor. B．Theproductiondesigner.C．Thecinematographer. D．Thesounddesigner.12．Whymighteditingtakemonthstoplete?A．Actorsneedtimetopreparetheirperformances.B．Selectingthebestshotsandorganizingthemcarefullytakestime.C．Creatingrealisticsoundeffectsrequiresmultipletries.D．Directorswanttogivecreativeimprovementsenoughtime.Passage04（2425高一下·广东佛山·开学考试）Iremembermyfirsttrueintroductiontoartfondly.ItwasmysecondyearofuniversityandIwasaconfused19yearoldatthetime,unsureofwhatacademicpathIwantedtopursue.IknewthatIhadalwaysbeenfascinatedbythingsthatmademequestiontheworldaroundme,andmyarthistoryclasswasthefirsttimeIreallygottogetmyfeetwet.Myprofessor,apostgraduatewithnatty(齐整的)hair,entertaineduswithherstoriesoftravelandrevealedtheartsoftheworldtous,somethingthathadnotbeentouchedonsincemyprimaryschoolyears.ThegrandstoryoftimewastoldinbrokenGreeksculptures,figureswhoseamazinglydetailedlimestonecarvingswereoftenmissingarmsandheadstothebrittleravages(无情的破坏)oftime.WeexploredthepatternsoftheMedievaleraandtheearlyRenaissancereligioussymbolismofMichelangeloandBotticelli.Weanalyzedthemustard(芥末黄)andchiaroscuro(明暗对比)glareoftheBaroquepaintingsofCaravaggioandElGreco,andwewereamazedbythesandcastlenaturalismoftheSpanisharchitectGaudi.Thehistoryofarthasfascinatedmeeversince.Ineverhadatalentforartmyself,butIalwaysdidhaveawellgroundedappreciationforthosewhodid.Inprimaryschool,weexploredartthroughmusicandpaintingclasses;butonceweenteredsecondaryschool,artwasanelectivecourseandquicklylimitedtothedustbinsofmymemory.ItwasonlyafterthathumblearthistoryclassthatIrealizedwhatIhadbeenmissing.Istronglybelievethatawellroundedsocietyneedseveryonetohaveanearlyeducationinthearts.Ahealthysocietyneedsallitsmemberstoopentheireyes—andtheirminds—sothattheycanlearnwhatistrueandbeautiful,justasthefamousGreekphilosopherPlatosaid,“Thereflectionofbeautycausesthesoultogrowwings”.13．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedphraseinthefirstparagraph?A．Theauthorgotlostinthearthistoryclassduetotheconfusion.B．Theauthorwasstartingtofigureouttheexactacademicpath.C．Theauthorwasstartingtolearntoappreciateart.D．Theauthorwethisfeetbecauseofcarelessness.14．Whydidtheauthormentiontheprofessor?A．ToshowhisloveforGreeksculptures.B．Toshowthebeginningofhisloveforart.C．Totellreaderstheprofessor’sloveforgrandstories.D．TotellreaderswhattheRenaissancereligioussymbolismis.15．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsarteducation?A．Unclear. B．Supportive. C．Opposed. D．Doubtful.16．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toadvocatethepopularityofarthistory.B．Toproposeachangeintheeducationofarthistory.C．Tourgepeopletoexploremoreartclassesinanearlyage.D．Toarousepeople’sawarenessoftheimportanceofearlyarteducation.Passage05（2425高一下·广西南宁·开学考试）Atsixo’clocksharpthecurtainrisesatSouthsideCulturalCenter,inReno.Twohundredaudiencemembers,includingthemayorofReno,looktothestage.DozensofactorsbreakoutintothefirstnumberofTheLionKing.Butthisisnotyourtypicalproduction.ThegiftedcastismadeupofhomelesschildrenlivingattheVolunteersofAmericafamilyshelterinReno.Thechildrenhavebeengivenachancetolivetheirdreamsonstage,thankstovolunteeractingcoachNasyaMancini.“Iseesomuchofmyselfinthesekids,”saysNasya.“Itellthemtheircurrentcircumstancedoesn’thavetobetheirdestiny(命运).Iftheyaredetermined,theycandoanythingtheywant.”DeterminationissomethingNasyaknowsallabout.Shewasbornprematurelyandwasgivenlittlechanceofsurvival.ButNasyakeptfighting.Herverynamemeans“miracle”inHebrew.Nasyawassmall,butquicklyprovedthathertalentswereasbigasherwilltosurvive.Shestarteddancingattwo.Bysixshe’dbeenspottedbyanactingcoach,whoencouragedherparentstoenrollherindramaclasses.“Therewassomethingaboutbeingonstage,”Nasyasays.“Itmademyspiritealive.”Shedecidedthatshewasgoingtobeanactor.it.Byer,herenthusiasmdidn’tsitwellwithsomeofherschoolmates.Theyteasedher,“You’reashrimp.You’renotevenpretty.”Nasyacamehomeintears.Hermotherhuggedherandtoldhertoignoreit.Byhighschool,Nasyawaswinningawardsintheaterpetitions.Shealsoprovidedmunityservicebyteachingdramatothechildrenattheshelter.Nasyawantedthekidsatthesheltertodiscovertheconfidencethatactingcouldgive.Thebestwaytodothat,shedecided,wastoputonabigplay.Theproductionwasahit.Thekidstookseveralcurtaincalls.Donationstotheshelterrolledin.Nasyaremindsthekidsofsomethingsheknowswitheverypartofherspirittobetrue:“Believeinyourself.Theworldisyourstage.”17．WhatwasspecialabouttheplayTheLionKing?A．Itwasperformedbyhomelesskids. B．ItwasstarredbyNasyaMancini.C．Itwasstagedatthelocalshelter. D．ItwasfundedbythemayorofReno.18．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesNasya?A．Creativeandmodest. B．Confidentanddemanding.C．Determinedandhumorous. D．Talentedandcaring.19．WhydidNasyadecidetoputontheplay?A．Topletehermunityservice. B．Tobuildthekids’confidence.C．Towinalocaltheaterpetition. D．Tocollectpublicdonations.20．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．VolunteersMakeaDifference. B．RisingfromSheltertoStage.C．SharingHerDreamwithHomelessTeens. D．TheLionKingIsRoaringBack.Passage06（2425高一下·江西宜春·开学考试）ItwasJanuaryinKansas.Thesnowstormhit,cuttingoffourpower.So,thoughitwasaroundnoon,wewereputintodarkness.Notelevision,noheat,nolight.Thiswasbackinthedayswhenpeoplehadonlyradiostolistento.GranddadCharliegathereduphiswintercoat,scarf,andgloves,anddisappearedintothesnow.Afewminuteslater,hereturned,withwoodunderhisarms.Lookingatmybrotherandme,hesaid.“eon,boys.Timetobuildafire.”Butthecuriosityforthefirewasn’tenoughtokeeptheattentionofa7yearoldboyanda5yearoldboy,andweweresoonannoyingGrandparepeatedlyastowhatwasnext.“There’snoTV,Grandpa,”Iplained,“Whatarewegoingtodo?”“Let’sgocamping.”Grandpaanswered.Weranupstairstogetoursleepingbags,pillows,andstuffedanimalsback(毛绒玩具靠背).Whenwereturned,Grandpahadrearrangedthefurniture,clearinganopenspaceinfrontofthefire.Inshortorder,wehadafinecampground.“Nowthen,”Grandpabegan,openingastrangelookinggameboard,“who’supforalittlegameofcheckers?”Forthenexthourorso,Grandpataughtusonthefineartofplacingcheckers.Ibecameafairplayerafterlosingfourgamesinarow.Then,surprisingly,IbeatGrandpa.WhenIaskedhimifhehadletmewin,hemerelysmile.Checkerswassoonfollowedupwithhangman.Afterward,Grandpafoundhisold,weatheredguitarandsangussomecampfiresongs,thewordstowhichmybrotherandIdidnotknowbuttowhichwesangalong.Andrightthen,somethingterriblehappened.Thepowercamebackon.MomandDadgaveacheer.Butformybrotherandme,itwastheendofagrandadventure.Westoodthere,speechless.Grandpalookedatus,smiled,andthenslowly,hewalkedacrosstheroomandturnedthelightoff.21．Whatcanweknowfromthefirst3paragraphs?A．Thechildrenwerecuriousaboutbuildingthefire.B．Thechildrenwereexcitedaboutthepowerfailure.C．Thechildrendidn’tlikethefireandwentcamping.D．Thestoryhappenedonacoldwintersnowevening.22．WhydidGrandpaturnoffthelightatlast?A．Tocreateasenseofholiday. B．Tokeepacampatmosphere.C．Tosaveasmuchenergyashecan. D．Toremindthefamilytogotobed.23．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesGrandpa?A．Imaginativeandbrave. B．Experiencedandgenerous.C．Intelligentandcurious. D．Caringandunderstanding.24．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AnUnforgettablecamping B．OurHarmoniousFamilyC．OurRespectableGrandpa D．ATerribleSnowstormPassage07（2425高一下·河南·开学考试）DavidRushbrokehis181strecord,givinghimanewkindofrecord—therecordforthemostGuinnessWorldRecordsheldatthesametime.Rush,who’s40,beganworkingtosetworldrecordstoshowhowimportantitistokeepdoingourbestandpushourownlimits,evenwhenthingsarehard.In2015,Rushdecidedtosetarecordbyjuggling(玩杂耍)withhiseyescovered.Afterpracticingforseveralweeks,Rushmanagedtojuggleblindfoldedfor6minutesand34seconds.ThatwasRush’sfirstGuinnessWorldRecord.Heevenbrokethisrecordtwiceinarow(连续).Rushenjoysthehardworkoftrainingtobreakrecords,duringwhichhefindsithelpshimstayinshape,andthatit’sfuntotrynewthings.ManyoftherecordsRushsetsareunusual.He’sbalanced101rollsoftoiletpaperonhishead.He’scaught59marshmallows(棉花软糖)inhismouthinoneminute.Rush’sfamilysupportshiminhisefforts.Histhreechildrenenjoypracticingwithhim.In2021,hiswifeallowedRushtowrap(用……包裹)herinplasticwraptosetanewrecord.MostofRush’srecordsgetsetathishome,withvolunteershelpingout,carefullyrecordingtheevent.ButRush’smainjobisgivingencouragingspeechesatbusinessesandschools.Technologyisveryimportantintoday’sworld,andthatmakeshimabigfanofSTEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,andMath)ineducation.Hewantsstudentstobelievethateveniftheystrugglewithscienceormath,theycanstillbeeanengineeroranythingtheywanttobee.Inall,Rushhasbrokenover300GuinnessWorldRecords,butmanyoftheserecordshavebeenbrokenagain.HevisitedthemainofficeofGuinnessWorldRecordsinLondon,England.Duringhisvisit,heset15worldrecordsinasingleday.25．WhatmainlydrivesRushtosetrecords?A．Hiscuriosityaboutnewthings.B．Hisgoaltowinmostworldtitles.C．Hispreferenceforblindfoldedjuggling.D．Hisdeterminationtochallengehimself.26．WhatdoweknowaboutRush’sGuinnessWorldRecords?A．Hebrokehisownrecordinblindfoldedjuggling.B．Hefailedinbalancingtoiletpaperrollsonhishead.C．Hefirstsetarecordinwrappinghiskidsinplasticwrap.D．Hesettworecordsincatchingmarshmallowsinhismouth.27．WhatmessagedoesRushexpressinhisspeechesatschoolsandbusinesses?A．Thenecessityofphysicalfitness.B．Theimportanceofbeingfamous.C．Hisencouragementtogoafterdreams.D．Hisdissatisfactionwithbreakingrecords.28．Whichcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．HoldingaWorldRecordbyChance.B．SettingaRecordbySettingRecords.C．TheJourneyofaRecordbreakingFamily.D．TheScienceBehindGuinnessWorldRecords.Passage08（2425高一下·河北张家口·开学考试）ScientistshaveeupwithanunusualideaforhowtosolveglobalwarmingcooltheEarthbyputtingiceintotheupperatmosphere(大气层)tomakeitdrier.Watervapour(水汽)isanaturalgreenhousegasthattrapsheat.ResearchersattheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA)andNASAbelievethatiftheyaddiceuphighintheair,itcoulddryouttheupperatmosphereandreduceitsabilitytotraphumancausedwarmth.Sofar,it’sjustanearlyideathatscientistscouldaddtotheirlasttoolboxagainstclimatechange,saidNOAAphysicistDrJoshuaSchwarz,leadauthorofthestudypublishedinscientificjournalScienceAdvances.“Thisisaboutexploringwhatmightbepossibleinthefutureandidentifyingresearchdirections,”hesaid,explainingscientistsdidn’thavethetechnologytoputtheideaintopracticeyet.Themeansisoneofafewsuggestedbyscientiststhataimtoreducetheeffectofclimatechangebymendingtheworld’satmosphere.Thewayitcouldpossiblyworkisthathitechplanescouldputiceparticlesabout17kmhigh,wheretheairslowlyrises.Theresearchersbelievethattheiceandcoldairwouldrisetowhereit’scoldest,makingthewatervapourturntoiceandfall,dryingoutthestratosphere(平流层)intheprocess.Puttingtwotonsoficeperweekcouldreduceglobalheatingbyaboutfivepercentofthewarmingcausedbyfossilfuels.Butresearcherswereunsurehowtheywouldputtheiceandwhetherthepracticecouldcausesideeffects.29．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Scientistssolvedglobalwarming.B．Scientistsfoundthecausesofglobalwarming.C．Scientistsgottoknowtheresultofglobalwarming.D．Scientiststhoughtofapossiblewaytosolveglobalwarming.30．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A．Theairataheightof17kmrisesfast. B．Thisistheonlywayscientistsadvised.C．Advanceinplanecanmaketheideaspossible. D．Themeansissupportedbyfewscientists.31．Whatstopsscientistsfromcarryingouttheidea?A．Theydon’thaveenoughmoney. B．Theyarenotallowedbythelaw.C．Theyarefacedwithextremeclimate. D．Theyhaven’tfoundthewaytoputtheice.32．Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A．Anewspaper. B．Anotebook. C．Asciencefiction. D．Atextbook.Passage09（2425高一上·山东滨州·期末）Onceplentifularoundtheworld,thenumberofperegrinefalcons(游隼)begantofallafterWorldWarIIwiththeintroductionofpesticideslikedieldrin,aldrinandDDT.Dieldrinandaldrinkilledthebirdsdirectly,whileDDTweakenedchickseggshells,loweringtheirchancesofsurvival.IntheUS,thefalcons’numberreachedalowpointof324pairsin1974asharpdeclinefrommorethan3,800pairsbeforethemid20thcentury.Peregrinefalconswereplacedontheendangeredspecieslistin1970.TheUSEnvironmentalProtectionAgencybanned(禁止)theuseofDDTin1972.Twoyearslater,theagencybannedmostuseofaldrinanddieldrin,withanexceptionforwhiteantcontrol.Beforelong,thebansworked.FourclimbersmadeasurprisingdiscoverywhileclimbingYosemite’sEICapitanin1978:anactiveperegrinefalconnest,whichhadnotbeenseenintheareafordecades.TheyreportedtheirfindtotheSantaCruzPredatoryBirdResearchGroup,whoquicklytookaction.Theycameupwithanambitiousplanandaskedtheclimbersiftheywantedtohelp.Attheirrequest,theclimbersonceagainclimbedEICapitan,butthistime,theycollectedsamplesofeggsfromthenestandbroughtthembackdownfortesting.Theeggsweredelicateandthin,soresearchersdecidedtoincubate(孵化)theminalab,andthenrockclimbersriskedtheirlivesreturningthechickstothenest.Peregrinefalconswereremovedfromtheendangeredspecieslistin1999.Asmanyas40,000individualsmaynowbeflyingfreelyinNorthAmerica.Withoutthecooperationofclimbers,peregrinefalconsmightstillbestrugglingtogainafootholdinYosemite.Instead,thebirds’recoveryisararesuccessstorywherehumansprioritizedtheneedsofotherspeciesabovetheirown.33．Whatcausedthedropinthenumberofperegrinefalcons?A．WorldWarII. B．Thechemicals. C．Citydevelopment. D．Airpollution.34．HowdidtheclimbershelptheBirdResearchGroup?A．Theycarriedtheeggsbackfortesting. B．Theyreportedtheirfindingtopeople.C．TheyfoundthenestintheEICapitan. D．Theyriskedtheirlivesprotectingeggs.35．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Peregrinefalconsarelookingfortheirhomes.B．Peoplerarelyputtheirownneedsinthefirstplace.C．PeoplehavehelpedPeregrinefalconsrecoversuccessfully.D．Peregrinefalconsarestillontheendangeredspecieslistnow.36．Wherecanweprobablyreadthepassage?A．Anewsreport. B．Aresearchpaper. C．Atravelleaflet. D．Anaturemagazine.Passage10（2425高一下·辽宁抚顺·开学考试）February9,Sundayof2025,wasnotaholidayintheUS,butitmightseemlikeone