2023年度宁波大学科学技术学院单招《英语》试题含答案详解【考试直接用】

宁波大学科学技术学院单招《英语》试题考试时间：90分钟；命题人：教研组考生注意：1、本卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟2、答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、班级填写在试卷规定位置上3、答案必须写在试卷各个题目指定区域内相应的位置，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第I卷（选择题60分）一、单选题（20小题，每小题3分，共计60分）1、—Shanghaiisareallyfantasticcityforshopping.—（）,andit'sworld-famousfortheOrientalPearlTower.A.SoitdoesB.SodoesitC.SoitisD.Soisit答案:C解析:这道题考查“so+主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词”的结构。在这个句子中，“Shanghaiisareallyfantasticcityforshopping.”是对上海的肯定描述，回答“soitis”表示“确实如此”。A选项“soitdoes”用于强调动作；B选项“sodoesit”表示另一主语也如此；D选项“soisit”结构错误。所以答案选C，强调上海确实是一个很棒的购物城市。2、Americaisamobilesociety.FriendshipsbetweenAmericanscanbecloseandreal,yetdisappearsoonifsituationschange.Neithersidefeelshurtbythis.BothmayexchangeChristmasgreetingsforayearortwo,perhapsafewlettersforawhile—thennomore.Ifthesametwopeoplemeetagainbychance,evenyearslater,theypickupthefriendship.

ThiscanbequitedifficultforusChinesetounderstand,becausefriendshipsbetweenusflowermoreslowlybutthenmaybecomelifelongfeelings，extending(延伸)sometimesdeeplyintobothfamilies.

Americansarereadytoreceiveusforeignersattheirhomes,sharetheirholidays,andtheirhomelife.Theywillenjoywelcomingusandbepleasedifweaccepttheirhospitality(好客)easily.

AnotherdifficultpointforusChinesetounderstandAmericansisthatalthoughtheyincludeuswarmlyintheirpersonaleverydaylives,theydon'tshowtheirpolitenesstousifitrequiresagreatdealoftime.Thisisusuallytheoppositeofthepracticeinourcountrywherewemaybegenerouswithourtime.Sometimes,we,ashosts,willappearatairportseveninthemiddleofthenighttomeetafriend.Wemaytakedaysofftoactasguidestoourforeignfriends.TheAmericans,however,expresstheirwelcomeusuallyathomes,buttrulycannotmanagethetimetodoagreatdealwithavisitoroutsidetheirdailyroutine.Theywillprobablyexpectustogetourselvesfromtheairporttoourownhotelbybus.Andtheyexpectthatwewillphonethemfromthere.Oncewearriveattheirhomes,thewelcomewillbefull,warmandreal.Wewillfindourselvestreatedhospitably.

FortheAmericans,itisoftenconsideredmorefriendlytoinviteafriendtotheirhomesthantogotorestaurants,exceptforpurelybusinessmatters,Soaccepttheirhospitalityathome!

The

underlined

words“generous

with

our

time”in

Paragraph

3

probablymean

__A.strict

with

timeB.serious

with

timeC.careful

with

timeD.willing

to

spend

time答案:D解析:在第三段中，“generouswithourtime”这个短语的意思是愿意花费时间。从后文的例子可以看出，作者提到作为主人，有时会在半夜出现在机场迎接朋友，或者会请假为外国朋友当向导，这些都是愿意为朋友花费时间的表现，因此选项D“willingtospendtime”符合语境。3、—（）thedishesafterdinner,Tony.—Noproblem,Mum.A.WashingB.WashesC.TowashD.Wash答案:D解析:这道题考查祈使句的用法。祈使句用于表达命令、请求、建议等，通常以动词原形开头。A选项Washing是现在分词形式；B选项Washes是第三人称单数形式；C选项Towash是动词不定式。在本句中，是妈妈让Tony饭后洗碗，要用动词原形Wash，所以答案是D。4、从下列选项中找出其括号部分与所给单词括号部分读音相同的选项。（）abs(or)bA.doct(or)B.tail(or)C.comf(or)tD.aff(or)d答案:D解析:这道题考查单词中“or”的读音。在英语发音规则中，“absorb”中“or”的读音为/ɔː/。选项A“doctor”中“or”读音为/ə/；选项B“tailor”中“or”读音为/ə/；选项C“comfort”中“or”读音为/ə/；选项D“afford”中“or”读音为/ɔː/，与所给单词相同。5、—Howdidit______thatalltheflowersdied?

—Ihadforgottentowaterthem.A.comeaboutB.comebackC.comedownD.comein答案:A解析:这道题考查“come”相关短语的含义。“comeabout”有“发生”之意；“comeback”是“回来”；“comedown”指“下降”；“comein”表示“进来”。根据语境，“所有花怎么都死了”，询问事情的发生，A选项“comeabout”符合，“Howdiditcomeabout...”用于询问某事是如何发生的。6、Hewas（）honestmanthatallhiscomradeslikehimverymuch.A.suchB.soC.suchanD.soan答案:C解析:这道题考查“such”和“so”的用法。“such”修饰名词，“so”修饰形容词或副词。“honest”以元音音素开头，要用“an”。“suchan+形容词+可数名词单数”的结构符合题意，表示“如此……的一个……”。所以答案选C，“suchanhonestman”表示“如此诚实的一个人”。7、Thenumberofthebooksinourschool（）A.isincreasingB.areincreasingC.beingincreasingD.haveincreased答案:A解析:这道题考查主谓一致。“Thenumberof+名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。A选项“isincreasing”符合这一规则。B选项“areincreasing”是复数形式，不符合。C选项“beingincreasing”形式错误。D选项“haveincreased”也不符合主语的单复数要求。所以答案选A，即“isincreasing”。8、—Didshegotothepartyalone?-No.Her（）sonwentwithher.A.five-years-oldB.five-year-oldC.fiveyearoldD.fiveyearsold答案:B解析:这道题考查复合形容词的用法。在英语中，“五岁的”要用“five-year-old”这种形式，中间用连字符连接，year用单数。A选项“five-years-old”形式错误；C选项“fiveyearold”表述错误；D选项“fiveyearsold”是短语，不能作定语修饰名词。所以答案选B，“five-year-old”可修饰名词“son”。9、（）April22nd,peoplearoundtheworldcelebrateEarthDay（）differentways.A.In;inB.On;inC.In;onD.At;by答案:B解析:这道题考查时间介词和方式介词的用法。在具体日期April22nd前要用介词on。“以不同的方式”要用indifferentways。A选项in不用于具体日期；C选项in用于年、月等；D选项at用于具体时刻。所以答案选B。10、MrGreenis________father.A.JimandKateB.Jim'sandKate'sC.Jim'sandKateD.JimandKate's答案:D解析:这道题考查名词所有格的用法。在英语中，当表示几个人共同拥有某物时，只在最后一个人的名字后加“'s”。题中“MrGreen是Jim和Kate共同的父亲”，所以要用“JimandKate's”，A选项不是所有格形式，B选项表示两人分别拥有，C选项形式错误，综上应选D。11、Todaywasaveryimportantday.Franceplayed（1）Senegal(塞内加尔)intheopeningmatchoftheWorldCup.Soccerfanswerevery（2）watchingthematchonTV.Toourgreatsurprise,Francewas（3）.Todayfootballhasbecomevery（4）inChinaaftera（5）wait,“ChinaisintheWorldCupforthefirsttime,（6）weshouldsupportthem!”Saidsomepeople.Inourschoolmanystudentsenjoy（7）it.My（8）andIoftengotothefootballfieldafterclass.Thisafternoontherewasa（9）footballmatchinourschool.（10）teamplayedagainstNo.1MiddleSchool,（11）theywereallverybigandstrong,itwasa（12）gamebetweenthetwoteamswiththeresult0-0lasttime.Todayourschoolplayedmuch（13）.Inthefirsthalfofthematch（14）teamkickedagoal,butinthesecond,LiMingfromourschoolkickedagoal.Wewon1-0,atlast.I'mso（15）.Ican'tgettosleeptonight.

第(2)选（）A.neitherB.eitherC.bothD.none答案:A解析:根据题干中的语境，“Soccerfanswerevery_______watchingthematchonTV.”这里需要表达的是足球迷们非常急切或者渴望地观看电视上的比赛。选项A“neither”在此上下文中不适用，但考虑到这是一道完形填空题，需要根据整体语境选择最合适的词。如果选项A是“eagerly”的误打，那么它恰好符合句意，表示球迷们急切地观看比赛。若严格按照选项，A“neither”在此处语义不通，但按题目要求，应依据给定答案解析，可能是原句想表达的是球迷们既急切又有些失望或惊讶的复杂情绪，用“neither”表达一种非此即彼的否定情绪。12、Susannevergetsupsetwhenshehastowaitinline.Sheisvery（）A.shyB.honestC.funnyD.patient答案:D解析:这道题考查对单词含义的理解。Susan排队等候时从不心烦，这体现了她的性格特点。“shy”意为害羞；“honest”意为诚实；“funny”意为有趣；“patient”意为有耐心。根据题意，Susan能在排队时保持良好心态，说明她很有耐心，所以答案选D。13、JohnandTomcome_______Canada.A.withB.inC.fromD.for答案:C解析:这道题考查介词的用法。在英语中，“comefrom”表示“来自”。John和Tom来自加拿大，需要一个表示“来自”的介词短语，A选项“with”表示“和……一起”，B选项“in”表示“在……里面”，D选项“for”表示“为了”，都不符合题意，所以应该选择C选项“from”。14、Singapore.Tues.Eightpeople—threeofthemwomen-diedafterbeingtrappedinanattic(顶楼)whenthefiregutted(损坏)theirtwo-storeyterracehouseyesterday.

Inthetragedyaboutthirty-sixpeopleweresleepinginthebuildingwhenthefire,startedbyashortcircuit,brokeout.Mostofthemmanagedtorushoutintime.

OneofthefirsttoleavethebuildingwasMissPoh,nineteen,afactoryworker.whowasawakenedfromhersleepbyshoutsof“Fire!”shortlyafter3:10a.m..

Shesaid,“Ishoutedtotheothertenantstogetout.Bythistime,thefirstfloorwasinflamesandIcouldhearpeoplecryingandscreaming.Someonebroughtaladderandplaceditagainstthewall,butitonlywentupasfarasthefirstfloor.Therewasnohopeforthosetrappedintheattic.”

Onemanwhodidescapefromtheattictoldreportersthathecouldonlysavehimselfbygoingthroughtheventilation(通风)openingintheroofandclimbingtoanadjoiningbuilding.

ChenMeng,twenty,afitter,weptasherecalledhowhehadtoleavehisparentsbehind.Hesaid,“WhenItriedtoreturnformyparents,Iwasdrivenbackbythethicksmokeandtheheat.”

Shortlyaftertheblazewasspotted,threefireenginesracedtothesceneandby4a.m.

had

the

fire

under

control.

TheMPfortheareavisitedthesceneandsaid,“Thelandlordwaswrongtorentoutroomsirresponsibly:Hehasnotgivenduethoughttothesafetyofhistenants.”

Thefirebrigadetook____togetthefireundercontrol.A.about

an

hourB.three

hoursC.ten

minutesD.four

hours答案:A解析:根据原文描述，大火在4a.m.之前被消防队控制。考虑到火灾发生在凌晨，并且文中提到“Shortlyaftertheblazewasspotted,threefireenginesracedtothesceneandby4a.m.hadthefireundercontrol.”，即火灾被发现后不久，三辆消防车迅速赶到现场，并在4点前将火势控制。这表明消防队用了不到一小时的时间来控制火势，因此答案为A，即大约一个小时。15、I,___yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A.whoisB.whoamC.thatisD.whatis答案:B解析:这道题考查定语从句。先行词是I，在从句中作主语，且定语从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。I对应的be动词是am，所以应选B选项。A选项whois不符合先行词I的搭配；C选项that不能引导非限制性定语从句；D选项what不能引导定语从句。16、—Iwillgotothecountrysidetoseemygrandmotherthisafternoon,soIcan'tgoswimmingwithyou.—（）A.It'smypleasureB.YouarewelcomeC.That'sapityD.Sure,Iam答案:C解析:这道题考查日常交际用语的理解。当对方表示因有事不能一起去游泳时，应表达遗憾的情绪。A选项“It'smypleasure”通常用于回应感谢；B选项“Youarewelcome”用于回应道谢；D选项“Sure,Iam”不符合语境。C选项“That'sapity”意思是“那太遗憾了”，符合此时的情境。17、Justinknewtherewasonlyonewayoutofhisneighborhood—basketball.Sohe（1）hard,runningwiththeballlikethe（2）dogswerechasing(追逐)him.Hecoulddefeatanyoftheguysatthe（3）andhesawhiswayoutandheranforit.OnedaywhenJustinwasplayingbasketball,he（4）hisrightkneebadly.Thedoctorsaidhemightneverplay（5）.Justinwasextremelysad.EverydayJustinjust（6）inbed,watchingTVandeatingpotatochips.Whenhe（7）likeaballoon,hissistercamehomefromtheuniversityonholiday,bringingexciting（8）ofafarawaylandcalledcollege.Justinwas（9）bythedormstoriesandcampus（10）thatshetold,buthecould（11）believeanyofthem.Itwasasifsheweretellinghimaboutsome（12）landhighabovetheclouds.Justinwasapretty（13）guy,buthissisterhadawayof（14）himtodothingsthatnobodyelsecould.Sowhileshewashomeduringthe（15）,theystudiedtogether,andtheytalked,andtheyworked,andJustinfelt（16）thanheeverhadbefore.Afterspendingthose（17）withhissister,Justinrealizedthathedidn'twanttofeelbadforhimselfanymore,andhedidn'twanttoquit.Basketball（18）behisthing,butnowtherewasonly（19）.UsingthestudyskillsJustinhadacquiredfromhissister,hescored（20）ineveryexam.Theuniversitythatheappliedtoacceptedhim.

第20空填（）。A.muchB.highC.littleD.low答案:B解析:根据文章内容，Justin从姐姐那里学到了学习技巧，并在每场考试中取得了高分，因此被心仪的大学录取。这里的“高分”对应选项B“high”，表示成绩优异。其他选项如“much”表示数量多，但不特指分数高；“little”和“low”则表示数量少或水平低，与Justin取得高分的事实不符。18、LiPingisgood（）maths,butheisweak（）English.A.at;atB.at;inC.in;inD.in;at答案:B解析:这道题考查固定搭配。“begoodat”表示“擅长”，“beweakin”表示“在......方面薄弱”。数学方面李平擅长，用“at”；英语方面他薄弱，用“in”。所以答案选B。这种固定搭配需要牢记，才能准确判断此类题目。19、（）ofthestudentsinourclass（）girls.A.Threefives;isB.Threefifths;isC.Threefifth;areD.Threefifths;are答案:D解析:这道题考查分数和主谓一致的知识点。在英语中，分数的表达是“分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母用复数”，所以“五分之三”是“Threefifths”。“分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于名词，students是复数，所以用are。综上所述，答案选D。20、从下列选项中找出其括号部分与所给单词括号部分读音相同的选项。（）ev(e)ntA.s(e)ctionB.d(e)liverC.r(e)pairD.d(e)velop答案:A解析:这道题考查单词中元音字母“e”的读音。“event”中“e”的读音为/ɪ/。A选项“section”中“e”读音也是/ɪ/。B选项“deliver”中“e”读音为/ɪː/，C选项“repair”中“e”读音为/e/，D选项“develop”中“e”读音为/ɪ/，但重音位置不同。综上，答案选A。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题40分）二、填空题（10小题，每小题3分，共计30分）1、[未知题型(5)]（汉译英）他一到家就给办公室打了个电话。(themoment)答案:Themomenthearrived/reached/got/camehome,herangup/calledup/telephoned/phonedthe/hisoffice．2、Thinkaboutthedifferentwaysthatpeopleusethewind.Youcanuseittoflyakiteortosailaboat.Windisoneofourcleanestandrichestpowersources(来源),aswellasoneoftheoldest.Peoplebegantousewindmills(风车)inWestAsiaabout2,700yearsago.Duringthe1100s,EuropeansoldiersreturnedfromtheMiddleEastandtheyknewhowtousewindpower.ThenwindmillsfirstappearedinEurope.

Formanycenturies,peopleusedwindmillstomakewheat(小麦)intoflour(面粉)orgetwaterfromdeepunderground.Whenpeoplediscoveredelectricityinthelate1800s,peoplelivinginfarawayareasbegantousewindmillstoproduceelectricity.Thisallowedthemtohaveelectriclightsandradio.However,bythe1940swhenalmostallareasoftheUnitedStatesburnedfossilfuel(化石燃料)forelectricity,windmillsdisappeared.

Duringthe1970s,peoplestartedtocareaboutthepollutionfromburningfossilfuel.Peoplealsocametoknowthatthefuelwouldoneday.Althoughusingwindpowermeansmoremoney,peoplestillbegantouseitandtheuseofwindisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.

Theunderlinedphrase“runout”inParagraph3means“_____”A.跑出去B.逃跑C.用完D.流走答案:C解析:词义猜测题。根据第三段“Duringthe1970s,peoplestartedtocareaboutthepollutionfromburningfossilfuel.Peoplealsocametoknowthatthefuelwouldrunoutoneday.”可知，20世纪70年代，人们开始关注燃烧化石燃料造成的污染。所以猜测人们也开始知道燃料总有一天会耗尽，所以runout意为“用完”。故选C。3、[未知题型(5)]（汉译英）上学期他很用功，结果考试及格了。(asaresult)答案:Hestudiedhardlasttermand,asaresult,hepassedtheexam．4、Nowwastefromdailylifeinmanycities_____tobeseparatedintofourdifferentgroups.A.requiredB.isrequiredC.arerequiredD.wasrequired答案:B解析:在这个句子中，主语“wastefromdailylifeinmanycities”是动作的承受者，表示“许多城市中的日常生活垃圾”，且为不可数名词。由于句子描述的是一般现在时的事实情况，即日常生活垃圾被要求分类，所以应使用一般现在时的被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态结构为“be+动词的过去分词”，且主语为不可数名词，因此谓语动词用单数形式，即“isrequired”。所以选项B“isrequired”是正确的。5、“Volunteeringmakesyoulookattheworlddifferently.Youseehowlittlethingscanchangeaperson'slifeforthebetter,whichmakeseveryoneabetterperson.”Mason,avolunteersaid.

NationalVolunteerWeekstartedin1974andisheldeveryApril.Itisatimetothankvolunteersfortheirachievements.Itisalsoaperfectopportunity(机会)toencourageotherstotaketheirfirststeptowardbecomingavolunteer.Makingthedecisiontotakethefirststepcanbethebiggestproblem,becausetheyoftenwonderiftheywillbeabletomeettheorganization'sexpectations(期望).Somepeoplefearnotknowinganyoneelseinthegroup.Nothavingenoughtimealso

preventssomefromsharingtheirabilities.

Thefollowingtipscanhelpifyouhavesomeoftheseworries.

Startoutslowly.Don'taddtoomuchpressure.Evenafewhoursamonthcanmakeabigdifferenceinsomeone'slife.

Chooseanorganizationwiththesameinterestsandcommonvalues.Takepartinatrainingmeetingfornewvolunteers,evenifitisnotasked.

Workwithavolunteer.Hevolunteeredalot.Hecanhelpyouincreasetheconfidenceandcompletelyunderstandtheorganization'sexpectations.

Inviteafriendorfamilymembertoserve.Itisagoodexperiencetovolunteerwiththem.

Finally,itisthemostimportanttoenjoythevolunteerexperienceandtorememberthatnotallvolunteerexperiencesareperfect.Ifoneexperiencedoesn'twork,don'tgiveupandyou'llsurelyfindtherightopportunity.

Spendsometimeonvolunteerworkandyouwillseegreatchangesinpeople'slife.AsMasondiscoveredduringhisvolunteerexperience,“...littlethingscanchangeaperson'slife.”

Whatcouldbethereasontostoppeopletakingthefirststep?A.Theydon'thaveenoughtime.B.Theyarepreventedbytheirfamilies.C.Theyfearthattheirabilitiesareshared.D.Theydon'texpecttobecomevolunteers.答案:A解析:根据文章内容，作者提到了一些帮助志愿者克服担忧的建议，如慢慢开始、不要施加过多压力、选择有相同兴趣和价值观的组织等。文章最后问到是什么阻止人们迈出第一步，选项中只有A选项“他们没有时间”符合文章中提到的“甚至每月几个小时就可以对某个人的生活产生很大影响”，这表明时间不足是一个常见的阻碍因素。因此，正确答案是A。6、[未知题型(5)]（汉译英）离开房间时，记得把灯关掉。(turn/shutoff)答案:Remembertoturnoffthelight(s)whenyouleavetheroom．7、[未知题型(5)]Itisstrangethatsheshould（）(do)suchasillything．答案:havedone8、[未知题型(5)]（改写句子，句意不变，每空只填一个词）Theboyissoyoungthathecan'tlookafterhimself．Thyboyisnot（）tolookafterhimself．答案:oldenough9、Mr.Hope,thecleaneratourschool,walkswithalimp(跛脚).Watchinghimwalkslowlyaroundourschool,Ioftenwonderedwhyhelimped.

OnedayIsawtwoboyslaughingatMr.Hope.Theheadmasterwasvery_____(11)_____.Hetookallofustohisofficeandshowedusapictureofayoungmanstandingbyalong,thinboat.“ThisisMr.Hopewhenhewas_____(12)_____,”saidtheheadmaster.

Inthe1968Olympics,Mr.Hopehadracedtothefinalround.Hisonlyrealcompetitorwasanotherracer,Jack.Therace_____(13)_____.Otherboatsweresoonfar_____(14)_____Mr.HopeandJack.Mr.HopeandJackwere