词汇运用之选词填空中考题型真题练-轻松跑赢2024年英语中考（原卷版）

03词汇运用之选词填空中考题型真题练要点归纳该题型是初中英语的一个重要题型，它集词的用法与搭配、词语辨析、语法、单句理解等考查于一体，既考查了考生的语言知识水平，又检测了考生的分析判断能力和综合运用语言知识的实践能力。1.在拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性做简单的标记，例如：名词、动词、形容词、副词等等，同时对词义作初步的理解。2.仔细阅读句子，充分理解句子的意思，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。3.在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。当你选定一个名词时，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词；在遇到动词时，要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化(动词不定式todo，现在分词doing，过去分词done，固定搭配enjoydoingsth./usedtodosth./havesth.done…)；形容词和副词填空时要主动去判定是否需要变成比较级或高级，还有它们之间的相互转换以及形容词变名词也需考虑，例如：moreinteresting/themostinteresting，happyhappily/happiness；填入代词时，需注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法；数词方面要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数的用法。中考题型真题练一、选词填空（2023·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）根据句子意思，从方框中选用恰当的单词或短语填空。（其中有一个单词或短语是多余的）tiring;assoonas;turnoff;anumberof;tools;repair;onceaweek;handout;attheschoolgate1．Ourclasshasalabourpractice(劳动实践）activity.2．Usually,wetakesometodifferentplacestodosomecleaning.3．LastFriday,wemetandwenttotheparknearourschool.4．Ourteacherdividedusinto3groupswegottothepark.5．Group1leafletsandremindedpeopletokeeptheparkclean.6．Group2triedtothebrokenthingswhileGroup3cleanedthebenchescarefully.7．Afterawhile,visitorsjoinedusandhelpedcleanthepark.8．Itwasaday,butweallfelthappywhenwesawacleanerpark.（2023·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每个单词或短语限用一次。long

when

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forawhileDonnaisaprimaryschoolstudentwholovesplayingwithlittleanimals.Oneday,onherwaytoschool,shesawahomelesscatsittinginabox.9thecatsawDonna,itjumpedoutoftheboxandbegantomiaow.Thecatwas10cutethatDonnacouldn’thelpbutstartplayingwithit.The11Donnaplayedwiththecat,themoreshelikedit.ThecatseemedtoloveDonnatooandfollowedheralongtheway.Donnalookedatthecutecat,thought12anddecidedtotakethecattoschoolwithher.Sheputthecatinher13andheadedforschool.around

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takeoutAfterDonnaarrivedatschool,shequietlywalkedintotheclassroom.Sheopenedherbagto14hertextbooks.However,thecatjumpedoutoftheschoolbagandstartedrunning15theclassroom.Itclimbedintoadesk,hidunderachair,and16jumpedontotheteacher’sdesk.Justatthatmoment,theteachersteppedintotheclassroom.She17thecatgentlyandtoldDonnathatanimalswerenotallowedtotaketoschool.Sheadvisedhertotakeithomeortotheanimalcentreif18.Donnasmiledsweetlyandfollowedherteacher’swords.Whataniceday!（2023·山东德州·统考中考真题）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化（可添加助动词或者情态动词），填入空白处。give,e,read,empty,do,pick,use,walk,write,call,answerBottleshavebeenusedto“send”messagesforalongtime.Usuallythemessages19onpaper,andthenthepaperisrolled(卷)upandputintoabottle.Afterthebottleisclosed,itwillbethrownintotheseaandbegintofloat(漂流)untilit20toland.Usuallythebottlesareneverseenagain,butsometimestheycanbefound.AwomannamedTonyaandherson21onthebeachinAustraliawhenshesawacoloredglassbottle.She22upthebottle,whichwasnotroundbutsquare.Shelookedinsideandsawsandandsomethingthatshethoughtwasacigarette.Herson23thebottleout,inwhichtheyfoundthatthe“cigarette”wasactuallyarolledupmessage.Tonyaandhersondriedthemessageandspreaditout.ItwasaformprintedinGerman.“Thewritingontheformislightandhard24.”Tonyasaidtoherson.“Thepapersaysthatthebottlewasthrownintotheseain1886,about600milesfromthecoastofAustralia.Doyouthinkitisreal?”“Perhaps.Butwe25someresearchtoprovethat,orthat’sonlyaguess,”saidtheson.“OK.I26myfriendinAustralia.Sheworksinamuseumthere.Maybeshecanhelp.”saidTonya.PeopleinGermanyheardaboutthemessageandbottle.Theyagreedthatthemessageandbottleseemedreal.Theysaidthatthousandsofbottleswerethrownintotheseaasanexperiment,butonly662messageswerefoundandsentbacktoGermany.SomepeoplesuggestedthatTonyashouldasksomeexperts(专家)forhelp,whocanfindoutitsageby27C14(碳14).NowTonya28thebottletothemuseuminAustralia,anditwillbeexhibitedthereforthenexttwoyears.Whetheritisrealornot,timewilltell.（2023·辽宁朝阳·统考中考真题）阅读短文,用所给词的适当形式填空,每空一词,每词限用一次,使短文完整、正确。方框中有两词是多余选项。bee

what

tradition

one

meet

year

howWhenIwasalittlegirl,Ihadtheetiquette(礼仪)classinmyprimaryschool.Iremembermy29classclearly.Theteachertaughtussomeetiquetteandrulesfrombooks.ButIcouldn’tunderstandtheirmeaningsorthereasonwhyIshouldfollowthembecauseIwasonlysix.Inthefollowingfew30time,Ilearnedmoreetiquetteandrules.Igraduallyrealizedtheyhadsomethingtodowithmylife.Theytoldmehowtotreatpeoplewithpolitenessandkindness.WhenI31teachers,Igreetedthemfirstly.WhenIwasathome,Iwouldtrytodosomechorestohelpmyparents.WhenIwasinpublic,Ishouldtrynottoinfluenceothers.InChina,manypeoplemayhavethesameexperiencesasme.Someetiquetteandrulesaresymbolsof32Chineseculture.Nomatterhowtheworldchanges,theyarewealthinourheart,andtheywillalsoteachushowtobeabetterperson.33importanttheetiquetteandrulesareinourlives!（2023·辽宁鞍山·统考中考真题）阅读短文，根据短文内容从方框中选择合适单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文内容完整。（每词限用一次，有两个词多余）bring

help

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peaceful

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anotherWhatisthebestvirtue(美德)?Whatcanwelearnfromwater?Laozi,afamousChinesethinker34livedaround2,500yearsago,mighthaveananswer.Laozitellsusthatthetopcharacterisjustlikewater.Alllifeintheworldcannotlivewithoutwater,butwaterneverasksforanythinginreturn.Itbenefits(使受益)all,petingwith35.Itsimplykeepsgivingquietly.Also,wateroftenstayswherepeopledon’tlike.Thiskindoflowprofile(低姿态)makeswatertheclosest36thelawoftheuniverse(万物之规).Indealingwithpeople,wecanactaswater.Doourbesttohelp37withouttryingtogetanythingback.Atthesametime,stayhumble(谦虚的).Don’talwaystalkaboutthe38yougavetootherpeople.Evenifyouareina39situation,youneedtostaycalm.Afterall,waterwillnotchoosewheretobe,andit40goestowhereitisneeded.TheChinesenationhasalwayshelddearLaozi’sideasaboutwater.In2014,PresidentXiJinping41itattheweledinnerofthe22ndAPECEconomicLeaders’MeetinginBeijing.HesaidAPECmembersare42togetherbythewaterofthePacificOceanandhaveasharedresponsibilitytomakethePacificanoceanof43,friendshipandcooperation(合作).Thisisthewisdom(智慧)waterbringsus.（2023·宁夏·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一个词或短语，每个词或短语限填一次。movie,or,answer,worryabout,they,how,forexample,careful,many,changeAbout30yearsago,parentsstartedto44theirkids.Thiswasbecausetheirkidswereaskingformorethings—toys,45andotherthingstheyloved.Buthowcouldparentssatisfytheirkidswithoutspoiling（溺爱）them?The46tothequestionwassimple—theallowance（零用钱）.Today,thingshaven’t47toomuch.Someyoungerkidscangetweeklyallowancesbydoingchores（杂务）aroundthehouse.Therearealsosomejobchancesforolderkids.Theycandochoresfor48neighbors.Theymightcleanhouses49walkthedogforthem.Weeklyallowanceshelpkidslearnthatmoneyismadethroughwork.It’ssomethingtheyshouldthinkabout50.Ofcourse,asachild,youcanmakemoneyin51ways,buthowdoyoumanageit?Oneideaistosavemostofitandspendalittle.52,ifyouget$5aweek,youcouldspend$2andsave$3.Thenyoucandecide53tospendthe$2.Youcouldspenditonthepizzayouwant.Youcouldalsosaveituntilyouhaveenoughtobuysomethingthatcostsmore.（2023·山东德州·统考中考真题）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处，每空一词。help,it,with,lucky,one,piece,large,if,but,for,whenInthesummerof1996,somestrangelookingfossilizedbones(骨骼化石)weredugupbyamaninadrieduplake.HewasafarmerintheeasternpartofChina,whowondered:Couldthesebetheremains(遗迹)ofanancientdragon?Notquite.Finallythestudyshowedusthatthebonesactuallybelongedtoameateatingdinosaur(恐龙),and54namewasSinosauropteryxprima(中华龙鸟).Itwas55thanthesizeofamonchickenwhichlivedabout120millionyearsago.Itwasthe56timetofindfossilsofdinosaursinLiaoning,anditwastheearliestonewithfeathers(羽毛).So,scientistssaidthatSinosauropteryxprimamighthavehadtinyfeathers,whichissimilartothechicken.Theyhavesomethinginmon!Itmaysoundcrazy57infactnot.Mostscientiststhinktoday’sbirdsanddinosaursarerelatives.However,noteveryonebelievesit.Manyscientistswonder58somedinosaurshadfeathers.Somebirdscientistssuggestthatthefeatherlikestructures(结构)maybe59ofscales(鳞片).Whatevertheyare,theyarenottherightsizeandshape60flying.It’snoteasytoprovethisbecausefeathersaresoweakthattheyusuallyrot(腐烂)awaywithoutatrace(踪迹).61,thefossilsshowedalotofdetails(细节).Forthestudyoftherelationshipbetweenbirdsanddinosaurs,thesedetailsarevery62.Yetstillnobodyknows63andwhyfeathersappearedontheearth.Scientistshopetosolvethepuzzle(谜题)bystudyingtheareawherethefossilswerefound.“Thesebedsdatetoatimewhenfloweringplantsandbindsappeared,”saysaprofessor.“ThediscoveryofthisareaisjustasimportantasgoingtoMars.”（2023·山东淄博·统考中考真题）根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。because,at,someone,first,much,invention,thank,moon,develop,about,if,hardworkingIfyouhaveeverlookedthroughatelescope(望远镜),youmightwantto64Galileo.Hewasbornin1564inItaly.Hewasabrightand65boywhowasalsotalentedinartandmusic.Hisfatherhopedhewouldbeeadoctor.However,Galileolikedmathso66thathedecidedtostudyit.Hedidwellinschoolandhetriedhisbesttopaythecostofschool67hisfamilywaspoor.Hewasalsohelpingtosupporthisyoungerbrother’sstudies.Hetriedtoinventsomethingstomakemoney.Oneday,heheardthat68hadinventedaspyglass(小望远镜).Helearnedthattheinstrumentcouldshowfarawaythingsasiftheywerenearby.Itcouldmagnify(放大)thingstoappearupthreetimesbigger!Galileodecidedto69oneofhisown.Hequicklyunderstoodhowthespyglassworkedandmadeimprovements.Henamedhisimprovedspyglassthetelescope.Itcouldmagnifythingsuptotentimes.Hecontinuedtomakeimprovementstohis70.Onenight,hepointedhistelescopetowardsthenightsky.Hemadehis71spaceobservation(观察).Upuntilthen,everyonethoughtthatthesurfaceofthe72wassmooth!However,withhistelescope,Galileosawthatthenoonwascoveredwithmanybumps(隆起)andcraters(火山口).Thetelescopealsoshowedmanymorestars.Withit,Galileowasabletomakemanyimportantdiscoveries73space.（2023·湖北黄石·统考中考真题）从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每空不超过三个词。animal

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signInChineseculture,therabbitrepresents(代表)themoon.Ancientpeople74thatarabbitwaslivingonthemoon.Therabbit75theJadeRabbitortheMoonRabbit.Itwasthe76ofthemoongoddessChang’e.Innature,rabbitscanreproduce(繁殖)inlargenumbersinashorttime.Inthisway,ancientChinesepeoplealsosawtherabbitasagood77.Theybelievedthe78childrentheyhad,theluckierandhappiertheywouldbe.Westernpeople79seetherabbitasasignofgoodluck.Theybelievearabbit’sfootcan80goodlucktoitsholder.Oldtraditionhasitthatifteenagerhunterscaughtarabbit,theycouldbeawarded(奖励)the81backfootinaceremony.Itweledthemtomanhood(成年)withintheirclan(部落).Rabbitsalsoshowup82otherareasofWesternculture.ThenightbeforeEaster,kidsoftenmakenests(窝)fortheEasterBunnyinthegarden.Rabbitsareclosetotheideaofnewlife83theyhavelotsofbabies.（2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题）用所给词或短语的适当形式填空read;

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high84．Recently,16ChineseonlinenovelshavebeenaddedtotheoftheBritishLibrary,whichisamongthelargestresearchlibrariesintheworld.85．NormanBethuneisoneofthemostfamousinChina.HecametoChinatohelptheChinesepeople.86．OnJuly19,2022,theUKrecordeditstemperatureever!Inthe40degreeheat,mostpeoplewenttothecountrysidetotrytoavoidthesun.87．TheuseofC919showsthatChinaisabletobuildworldclasslargepassengerplanes,whichmarksanimportantmilestone（里程碑）forthecountry’slargeplaneindustry.88．LaoShe’sshortstoriesbymillionsofpeopleeveryyear.89．TheChineseWomen’steamwonitstitleafterbeatingJapan30atthe2022InternationalTableTennisChampionshipsheldinChengdu.90．Confuciustalkedaboutrealharmony（和谐）before,“Gentlemenhavepeacebut;badmenagreebuthavenopeace.”91．Chinaplanstobuildasuperputinginternet2025toconnectpowerfulputersacrossthenation.92．Weshouldsomenewideasandmakemoreyoungpeoplefallinlovewithtraditionalculture.93．Sofar,inchip（芯片）designing,Chinathemidandlowendmarket,butthereisstillalongwaytogo.（2023·辽宁大连·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每个词或短语限用一次。ThefatherofChina’sspaceprogramimportant

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centerQianXuesenwasoneofthegreatestChinesescientistsofmoderntimes.Peoplecallhimthe“fatherofChina’sspaceprogram”fortheworkhedidinhelpingdevelopthecountry’sfirstrockets(火箭),missiles(导弹)andsatellites(人造卫星).HehelpedChinabeea94fortechnologyandenteranewspaceage.QianwasborninShanghaiin1911.HewenttoShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity,andthentookascholarshiptostudyattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)intheUSAin1935,Fromthere,hemovedtotheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology(Caltech),wherehebecameanexpert(专家)inaerodynamics(空气动力学)andjetpropulsion(喷气推进).Oneofhisuniversity95atCaltechdescribedhimasageniusanunusuallycleverperson.QianstayedintheUSAduringtheSecondWorldWartodosomeworkonjetpropulsion,andhesoonbecameoneofthe96rocketscientistsintheUSA．In1950,hedecidedtoreturntoChina,buttheAmericangovernmenttried97himfromleavingandevenfrommovingaroundfreelyinCalifornia.Atlast,in1955,he98returntoChina.work

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successfullyBackhome,Qianatonce99helpingChinadevelopaspaceprogram.HestartedtheInstituteofMechanicsinBeijing,wherehetrainedyoungscientists.Heworkedonmanyimportantspace100.In1960,China’sfirstrocketandfirstmissilewerelaunched(发射)101.In1970,Chinalauncheditsfirstsatellite.ItislargelybecauseofQian’s102thatChinasoquicklydevelopedaspaceprogram,andbecameonlythethirdcountrytosendamannedrocketintospacein2003.Qianwatchedthisrocketlaunchontelevision.Hewasbyhewillalwaysbe103forhisgreatcontributions(贡献).Heworkingsohardforhiscountry,eventhroughdifficulttimes,helpingdevelopthespaceprogramthatpushedChinaintothefuture.（2023·江苏南通·统考中考真题）请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使句子通顺。hold

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do104．—Howheavytherainis!—Itstartedataboutseventhismorning.Ifortheschoolbusthen.105．Thechildrentotalkabouttheprojectaftertheteacherdividedthemintogroups.106．—Iasurveyonhowtogogreenlaterthisafternoon.Ineedyourhelp.—Withpleasure.107．Helikesstayingintheroombecausehethewallsblue,acalmandpeacefulcolour.108．—Hello,mayIspeaktoMissZhang?—Sorry.Sheaparents’meetingintheschoolhall.（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题）用方框中所给词或短语的正确形式填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。(每空只能填一个单词或一个短语，每个单词或短语限用一次)value,

patient,

Canadian,

share,

thinkof,

he,

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postTomwasa13yearoldboy.Hecamefrom109.Onesummer,hejoinedasummercamp.Hebroughtaboxofbiscuitstothecampandputiton110bed.Afterlunch,hefoundthebiscuitsweregone.Hetoldthecampcoachaboutthat.Thecoachrememberedseeingastrongboyeatingbiscuitsbehindatree.Hesaid,“IknowwhotookawayyourbiscuitsandIhave111awaytosolvetheproblem.WillyoudoasIsay?”Tomasked,“Areyougoingtopunishhim,sir?”“No.”Thecoachexplained112“Iwantyoutowritetoyourmotherandaskformorebiscuits.”Afewdayslater,Tom’smother113anotherboxofbiscuitstohim.AfterTomreceivedthebiscuits,thecoachsuggested114themwiththestrongboy.Tomdidn’tunderstandhisintention(意图),buthestilldidit.Afterawhile,thecoachsawthetwoboyseup,arminarm.Theybecamefriends.ThestrongboytoldTomhe115stealingthebiscuits.HesaidsorrytoTomandtried