2025年英语专业八级阅读理解模拟试卷 高级阅读理解训练

2025年英语专业八级阅读理解模拟试卷高级阅读理解训练考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehension(40points)Instructions:Thereare3passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTheriseofthe"gigeconomy"hasbeenoneofthemostsignificanttransformationsinthelabormarketoverthepastdecade.Fueledbydigitalplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithcustomers,industriesrangingfromtransportationandfooddeliverytofreelancewritingandgraphicdesignhaveseenasurgeinshort-term,project-basedwork.Whileproponentshighlighttheflexibilityandautonomyitoffers,criticsraiseconcernsaboutjobsecurity,lackofbenefits,andthepotentialforexploitation.Thisdichotomypresentsacomplexchallengeforpolicymakersandworkersalike.Forindividuals,thegigeconomyoftenprovidesanattractivealternativetotraditionalemployment.Workerscanchoosetheirownhours,selectprojectsthatalignwiththeirinterests,andpotentiallyearnmorethantheywouldinatraditionaljob.Theabsenceofarigidhierarchyalsoappealstomany,offeringasenseofempowermentanddirectcontrolovertheirwork.Furthermore,thegigeconomyopensdoorsforpeoplewhomightnotqualifyfortraditionalemployment,suchasstudents,stay-at-homeparents,orthosere-enteringtheworkforce.However,thelackofsecurityandbenefitsassociatedwithgigworkisamajorpointofcontention.Unliketraditionalemployees,gigworkerstypicallydonotreceivehealthinsurance,paidleave,orretirementcontributions.Thisprecariousnesscanleadtofinancialinstability,especiallyduringeconomicdownturnsorpersonalcrises.Additionally,theisolationandlackofcommunitythatoftenaccompanygigworkcanhavenegativeimpactsonmentalhealth.Theconstantneedtofindnewprojectsandcompetewithaglobalpoolofworkerscanbeexhaustinganddemoralizing.Asthegigeconomycontinuestoexpand,itiscrucialtofindwaystomitigateitspotentialdownsides.Policymakersneedtoconsiderhowtoprovidesocialsafetynetsforgigworkerswithoutstiflingtheinnovationandflexibilitythatthegigeconomyfosters.Thiscouldinvolveexploringoptionslikeportablebenefitssystems,universalbasicincome,orredefininggigworkwithinexistinglaborlaws.Forworkers,itisessentialtodevelopskillsthatareinhighdemandwithinthegigeconomyandtobeproactiveinmanagingtheirfinancesandwell-being.Questions:1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeadvantagesofthegigeconomyforindividuals?3.Whatisamajorconcernraisedbycriticsaboutthegigeconomy?4.Theword"precariousness"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)StabilityB)FlexibilityC)UnpredictabilityD)Security5.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestasapotentialsolutionfortheissuesfacedbygigworkers?PassageTwoArtificialintelligence(AI)isnolongerthestuffofsciencefiction;itisrapidlybecominganintegralpartofourdailylives.Fromvoice-activatedassistantsinourhomestoalgorithmsthatcurateoursocialmediafeeds,AItechnologiesareincreasinglyshapingourinteractionswiththeworld.Thistransformationholdsimmensepromiseforimprovingefficiency,solvingcomplexproblems,andenhancingourqualityoflife.However,italsoraisesprofoundethicalquestionsthatdemandcarefulconsideration.OneofthemostsignificantethicalconcernssurroundingAIisbias.AIsystemsaretrainedondata,andifthisdatareflectsexistingsocietalbiases,theAIwillperpetuateandpotentiallyamplifythem.Thiscanleadtodiscriminatoryoutcomesinareassuchashiring,loanapplications,andcriminaljustice.Forexample,anAIalgorithmusedforhiringmightinadvertentlyfavorcandidatesfromcertaindemographicgroups,therebyreinforcingexistinginequalities.AnotherethicalissueisthepotentialforAItobeusedformaliciouspurposes.Thedevelopmentofautonomousweaponssystems,forinstance,raisesconcernsabouttheriskofunintendedconsequencesandthepotentialforEscalationofconflict.Similarly,theuseofAIforsurveillancepurposescaninfringeonindividualprivacyandcivilliberties.AsAIcapabilitiescontinuetoadvance,itiscrucialtoestablishrobustethicalframeworksandregulationstopreventmisuse.TheriseofAIalsoraisesquestionsaboutthefutureofwork.WhileAIcanautomatecertaintasksandincreaseproductivity,italsohasthepotentialtodisplacehumanworkersinvariousindustries.Thiscouldleadtounemploymentandeconomicinequalityifappropriatemeasuresarenottaken.ItisessentialtoinvestineducationandtrainingprogramstohelpworkersadapttothechangingjobmarketandacquiretheskillsneededtoworkalongsideAItechnologies.Despitethesechallenges,thepotentialbenefitsofAIareundeniable.AIhasthepotentialtorevolutionizehealthcare,forexample,byenablingmoreaccuratediagnoses,personalizedtreatmentplans,andthedevelopmentofnewdrugs.Inagriculture,AIcanhelpoptimizecropyieldsandreducetheenvironmentalimpactoffarming.TheseexamplesillustratethetransformativepowerofAIandtheneedtoharnessitspotentialwhilemitigatingitsrisks.Questions:6.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemajorethicalconcernsrelatedtoAI?8.Theword"perpetuate"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)ImproveB)ChangeC)ContinueD)Eliminate9.Thepassagementionsthedevelopmentofautonomousweaponssystemsasanexampleof:A)TheefficiencyofAIB)ThepotentialmisuseofAIC)ThebenefitsofAIinhealthcareD)TheimpactofAIonthejobmarket10.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestasawaytoaddressthechallengesposedbyAI?PassageThreeTheconceptof"hygge"(pronouncedhoo-guh),aDanishwordthattranslatesroughlytocozinessorcomfort,hasgainedpopularityworldwideasacounterpointtotherelentlesspaceandpressureofmodernlife.OriginatingfromDanishculture,hyggeemphasizestheimportanceofcreatingawarm,invitingatmospherethatfosterswell-beingandsocialconnection.Thistrendreflectsagrowingdesireamongpeopletoprioritizeexperiencesandrelationshipsovermaterialpossessionsandachievement.Hyggeisnotsimplyaboutphysicalcomfort;itisaboutcreatingasenseofmindfulnessandpresence.Thiscanbeachievedthroughsimpleritualssuchascandlelitdinners,boardgamenights,orenjoyingacupofhotchocolatewhilewrappedinablanket.Thekeyistofocusonthepresentmomentandsavorthepleasuresoflife,eventhesmallones.Bycultivatingahyggemindset,individualscanreducestress,improvetheirmood,andenhancetheiroverallqualityoflife.Socialconnectionisanotheressentialelementofhygge.Inaworldwheremanypeopleleadisolatedlives,hyggeprovidesanopportunitytocometogetherwithfriendsandfamilyandsharemeaningfulexperiences.Thiscantaketheformofasharedmeal,aweekendgetaway,orsimplyspendingtimetogetherinacozyhomeenvironment.Bystrengtheningsocialbonds,hyggecanhelpcombatlonelinessandfosterasenseofbelonging.Theriseofhyggealsoreflectsabroaderculturalshifttowardssimplicityandsustainability.Inaconsumer-drivensociety,hyggeencouragespeopletofocusonwhattrulymattersandtoappreciatethevalueofexperiencesovermaterialpossessions.Thisalignswiththegrowingmovementtowardsminimalism,whichadvocatesforlivingwithfewerbelongingsandfocusingonwhatbringsrealjoyandfulfillment.Additionally,hyggeofteninvolvesusinghandmadeorlocallysourceditems,whichsupportssustainablepracticesandreducesone'senvironmentalfootprint.Whilehyggehasgainedpopularityinmanycountries,itisimportanttorecognizethatitisnotapanaceaforalloflife'schallenges.Lifewillalwayshaveitsdifficulties,andhyggecannotsolveallproblems.However,byincorporatinghyggeprinciplesintoourlives,wecancreateagreatersenseofwell-being,strengthenourrelationships,andfindmorejoyintheeverydaymoments.Thismindfulandintentionalapproachtolifecanhelpusnavigatethechallengesofmodernexistenceandcultivateamorefulfillingandmeaningfullife.Questions:11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?12.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomewaystocreateahyggeatmosphere?13.Theword"cultivating"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)NeglectingB)DevelopingC)DestroyingD)Ignoring14.Thepassagesuggeststhathyggeisrelatedtowhichofthefollowingtrends?A)ConsumerismB)MinimalismC)IndividualismD)Materialism15.Whatistheauthor'soverallperspectiveonhygge?PartIITranslation(20points)Instructions:PutthefollowingpassageintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet2.近年来，中国致力于构建人类命运共同体，倡导共建“一带一路”，为世界和平与发展贡献中国智慧和中国方案。中国始终秉持多边主义，积极参与全球治理体系改革和建设，推动构建更加公正合理的国际秩序。中国的发展离不开世界，世界的繁荣也需要中国。中国愿与世界各国一道，携手应对全球性挑战，共创人类更加美好的未来。PartIIIWriting(40points)Instructions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsonthetopicgivenbelow.WriteyouressayonAnswerSheet2.Topic:Inmanycountries,theproportionofolderpeopleissteadilyincreasing.Doesthistrendhavemorepositiveornegativeeffectsonsociety?----AnswerSheet2(Thispartisforansweronly,pleasedonotwriteanythinghere.)试卷答案PartIReadingComprehension1.C*解析：文章首段提出“gigeconomy”的兴起及其利弊，第二段阐述对个人的优势，第三段讨论批评意见和问题，第四段提出应对策略。全文围绕“gigeconomy”这一现象展开，探讨其特点和影响，故C项（theriseofthegigeconomyanditsimpacts）最能概括主旨。A项（flexibilityandautonomy）只是其优点之一；B项（jobinsecurity）只是其问题之一；D项（policymakers'challenges）只是讨论的一部分。2.A,B,D*解析：根据第二段，“workerscanchoosetheirownhours,selectprojectsthatalignwiththeirinterests,andpotentiallyearnmorethantheywouldinatraditionaljob.”以及“absenceofarigidhierarchyalsoappealstomany,offeringasenseofempowermentanddirectcontrolovertheirwork.”可知，个人可以选择工作时间（A）、选择符合兴趣的项目（B）、拥有更多自主权（D）是其优势。C项（guaranteedbenefits）与文章相反。3.C*解析：根据第三段，“However,thelackofsecurityandbenefitsassociatedwithgigworkisamajorpointofcontention.Unliketraditionalemployees,gigworkerstypicallydonotreceivehealthinsurance,paidleave,orretirementcontributions.Thisprecariousnesscanleadtofinancialinstability,especiallyduringeconomicdownturnsorpersonalcrises.”可知，批评者主要担心的是工作缺乏保障和福利（jobinsecurityandlackofbenefits），即C项（lackofsecurityandbenefits）。A项（flexibility）是其优点；B项（autonomy）是其优点；D项（potentialforexploitation）也是其问题，但缺乏保障和福利是更直接、更普遍的担忧。4.C*解析：根据第三段，“Thisprecariousnesscanleadtofinancialinstability,especiallyduringeconomicdownturnsorpersonalcrises.”可知，此处指代的是工作状态不稳定、不可预测的特性。C项（Unpredictability）意为不可预测，符合文意。A项（Stability）意为稳定；B项（Flexibility）意为灵活；D项（Security）意为安全，均与文意相反。5.A*解析：根据第四段，“Asthegigeconomycontinuestoexpand,itiscrucialtofindwaystomitigateitspotentialdownsides.Policymakersneedtoconsiderhowtoprovidesocialsafetynetsforgigworkerswithoutstiflingtheinnovationandflexibilitythatthegigeconomyfosters.Thiscouldinvolveexploringoptionslikeportablebenefitssystems,universalbasicincome,orredefininggigworkwithinexistinglaborlaws.”可知，作者建议通过提供社会安全网（socialsafetynets）来缓解问题，例如便携式福利系统、全民基本收入或重新定义劳动法中的零工经济。A项（Providingsocialsafetynets）符合文意。B项（Regulatinggigeconomyplatforms）文中未提及；C项（Encouragingtraditionalemployment）与文章主题不符；D项（Traininggigworkersfordifferentjobs）只是部分解决方案。6.A*解析：文章首段提出AI的普及及其带来的变化，第二段讨论伦理问题（bias），第三段讨论潜在misuse（autonomousweapons,surveillance），第四段讨论对工作的影响，最后一段强调其潜在benefits。全文围绕AI技术及其影响展开，故A项（theriseandimpactofAI）最能概括主旨。B项（Ethicalconcerns）只是文章部分内容；C项（Potentialmisuse）只是文章部分内容；D项（Impactonthejobmarket）只是文章部分内容。7.B*解析：根据第二段，“OneofthemostsignificantethicalconcernssurroundingAIisbias.AIsystemsaretrainedondata,andifthisdatareflectsexistingsocietalbiases,theAIwillperpetuateandpotentiallyamplifythem.Thiscanleadtodiscriminatoryoutcomesinareassuchashiring,loanapplications,andcriminaljustice.”可知，AI系统可能因训练数据中的偏见而加剧歧视，这是主要的伦理担忧。B项（Potentialmisuseanddiscrimination）符合文意。A项（Jobdisplacement）是另一个问题；C项（Surveillance）是另一个问题；D项（Lackofregulation）是导致问题的原因之一，但担忧本身是偏见和歧视。8.C*解析：根据第二段，“AIsystemsaretrainedondata,andifthisdatareflectsexistingsocietalbiases,theAIwillperpetuateandpotentiallyamplifythem.”可知，此处指AI系统会持续下去、重复existingsocietalbiases。C项（Continue）意为继续，符合文意。A项（Improve）意为改进；B项（Change）意为改变；D项（Eliminate）意为消除，均与文意相反。9.B*解析：根据第三段，“Thedevelopmentofautonomousweaponssystems,forinstance,raisesconcernsabouttheriskofunintendedconsequencesandthepotentialforEscalationofconflict.”可知，自主武器系统的开发引发了关于意外后果和冲突升级风险的担忧，这是AI的潜在misuse。B项（PotentialmisuseofAI）符合文意。A项（Efficiency）是AI的一个方面；C项（Benefitsinhealthcare）是AI的一个方面；D项（Impactonthejobmarket）是AI的另一个方面。10.A*解析：根据第四段，“AsAIcapabilitiescontinuetoadvance,itiscrucialtoestablishrobustethicalframeworksandregulationstopreventmisuse.”可知，作者建议建立强有力的伦理框架和法规来防止AI的滥用。A项（Establishingethicalframeworksandregulations）符合文意。B项（Investingineducation）文中未提及；C项（DevelopingnewAItechnologies）文中未提及；D项（PromotingAIresearch）文中未提及。11.A*解析：文章首段提出hygge的流行及其核心概念，第二段阐述其对个人的益处（mindfulness,well-being），第三段强调其社会连接aspect，第四段讨论其与simplicity和sustainability的关系，最后一段总结其价值。全文围绕hygge这一现象展开，探讨其定义、特点和意义，故A项（theconceptofhyggeanditssignificance）最能概括主旨。B项（mindfulness）只是其一个方面；C项（socialconnection）只是其一个方面；D项（simplicity）只是其一个方面。12.A,B,C,D*解析：根据第二段，“Thiscanbeachievedthroughsimpleritualssuchascandlelitdinners,boardgamenights,orenjoyingacupofhotchocolatewhilewrappedinablanket.”以及第四段，“Thisofteninvolvesusinghandmadeorlocallysourceditems...”可知，可以通过烛光晚餐（A）、玩棋盘游戏（B）、享受热巧克力（C）以及使用手工或本地物品（D）来营造hygge氛围。13.B*解析：根据第二段，“Bycultivatingahyggemindset,individualscanreducestress,improvetheirmood,andenhancetheiroverallqualityoflife.”可知，此处指培养、发展一种hygge心态。B项（Developing）意为发展，符合文意。A项（Neglecting）意为忽视；C项（Destroying）意为破坏；D项（Ignoring）意为忽略，均与文意相反。14.B*解析：根据第四段，“Theriseofhyggealsoreflectsabroaderculturalshifttowardssimplicityandsustainability....Thisalignswiththegrowingmovementtowardsminimalism,whichadvocatesforlivingwithfewerbelongingsandfocusingonwhatbringsrealjoyandfulfillment.”可知，hygge体现了向简约和可持续性的文化转变，这与极简主义运动一致。B项（Minimalism）符合文意。A项（Consumerism）与文章相反；C项（Individualism）文中未提及；D项（Materialism）与文章相反。15.A*解析：文章整体介绍了hygge的概念、好处及其与简约主义和可持续性的联系，最后一段总结其价值，认为它可以帮助人们应对现代生活的挑战，培养更fulfilling的生活。作者对hygge持积极肯定的态度，认为它是有益的。A项（positiveandbeneficial）符合文意。B项（controversial）与文章基调相反；C项（superficial）与文章强调的深度和意义相反；D项（negligible）与文章强调的重要性相反。PartIITranslationInrecentyears,Chinahasbeencommittedtobuildingacommunitywithasharedfutureformankindandadvocatesjointlybuildingthe"BeltandRoad".ChinacontributesChinesewisdomandsolutionstotheworldpeaceanddevelopment.Chinaalwaysupholdsmultilateralismandactivelyparticipatesinthereformanddevelopmentoftheglobalgovernancesystem,promotingtheestablishmentofamorejustandreasonableinternationalorder.China'sdevelopmentisinseparablefromtheworld,andtheprosperityoftheworldalsoneedsChina.Chinaiswillingtoworkhandinhandwithallcountriesintheworldtorespondtoglobalchallengesandjointlycreateabetterfutureformankind.PartIIIWritingSampleEssay:Theincreasingproportionofolderpeopleinmanycountriesisademographictrendwithsignificantsocietalimplications.Thisshiftpresentsbothpositiveandnegativeeffectsonsociety,butoverall,Ibelievethepositiveimpactsoutweighthenegativeones.Ontheonehand,anagingpopulationcanbringaboutseveraladvantages.Firstly,olderadultsoftenpossessvaluablelifeexperience,wisdom,andskillsaccumulatedovertheircareers.Theycanserveasrolemodelsandmentors,sharingtheirknowledgeandguidancewithyoungergenerations,whichcancontributetoknowledgetransferandsocialstability.Secondly,retireescanactivelyparticipateinthecommunitythroughvolunteering,contributingtheirtimeandexpertisetovariouscauses,suchaseducation,healthcare,andenvironmentalprotection.Thiscanfosterasenseofpurposeandsocialengagementamongolderadults,enhancingtheirwell-beingandsocialconnections.Thirdly,withlongerlifeexpectancies,olderadultshavemoretimetopursuepersonalinterests,engageinlifelonglearning,andcontributetoculturalandartisticactivities,enrichingthediversityandvibrancyofsociety.Ontheotherhand,anagingpopulationalsoposessomechallenges.Firstly,itputspressureonsocialwelfaresystems,suchasp