(英语)阅读理解(教育文化)练习-英语考试-外语学习及解析

（英语）阅读理解(教育文化)练习_英语考试_外语学习及解析一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类1．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

Hobbiesingeneralarebecomingsomethingofthepast.Ourlivesarealreadyfilledwithclasses,homework,working,relationshipsandsleeping.Whenwedohaveasparemoment,itisalltooeasytospenditontheendlessentertainmentandmediathatarerightatourfingertips.

Idonotdoubtthattherearesomepeoplewhocouldbecomeagreatwriterormusician.Ionlyfearthatsomanypeoplearebusypursuingtheireducationandtheircareers,buttheyneverevenseethepotential(潜能)theyhave.Thenextgreatphotographerorsingercouldbegoingtocollegerightnow.Buttheymightnotevenknowtheyhaveagiftforphotographingorsingingifthey'veneverpickedupacameraoraguitar.

Ofcourse,thefinalgoalofpursuinganewhobbyshouldn'tbetobecomerichandfamous.Formostpeople,ahobbyisjustsomethingtheyenjoydoingforthepurposeofthethingitself.Suchhobbiesarestillveryuseful.Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhohaveahobbyarelesslikelytohavestressandmorelikelytohavemoremeaningfullives.

Mostimportantly,ahobbyisjustsomethingyoudotomakeyouhappy.Ihatetobreakittoyou,butweallhavealonglifetimeofworkandstressaheadofus.Itwillmakethingsmucheasierifwecanpracticethepianoormakesomecollectionsafterwork.

Sure,it'snoteasytostartanewhobbywhilegoingtoschool,butitwilllikelynevergeteasierthanitisrightnow.Sothinkaboutthethingthatyouhavealwayswantedtotrybutweretooembarrassedorbusyorwhatever.Youneverknow,youmightbecometheworld'snextgreatpeople.Ifnot,you'llatleastbealittlemorewell-rounded,moreinterestingandlessstressed.（1）WhatdoesParagraph1mainlyshow?A.

Allpeopleshouldlearntorelax.B.

Today'speoplehavelittletimeforhobbies.C.

Peopleinthepasttooktheirhobbiesseriously.D.

People'sliveshavebeennegativelyaffectedbymedia.（2）Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhobbies?A.

Theymaytakeuptoomuchtime.B.

Theycanhelpusenjoyabetterlife.C.

Theysometimescanbringusstress.D.

Theyshouldmakeusfamousoneday.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?A.

Weshouldstartahobbynow.B.

Startinganewhobbyisn'teasy.C.

We'dbetterdevelopahobbyatschool.D.

Developingahobbywillgeteasierastimegoesby.（4）What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.

Tointroducesomehelpfulhobbies.B.

Toencourageustohaveahobby.C.

Totellushowtocreateahappylife.D.

Totellushowtofindourpotential.【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者认为现在的人没什么时间来培养兴趣爱好，但有一个兴趣爱好非常重要。（1）考查段落大意。根据第一段的内容可知，本段主要是讲现在的人太忙，没什么时间培养兴趣爱好，故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“"Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhohaveahobbyarelesslikelytohavestressandmorelikelytohavemoremeaningfullives."可知，拥有兴趣爱好可以让我们的生活变得更好，故选B。（3）考查句义猜测。根据划线句子以及"Sothinkaboutthethingthatyouhavealwayswantedtotrybutweretooembarrassedorbusyorwhatever."可知，这里是讲现在就是培养兴趣爱好的最好时机。故选A。（4）考查写作意图。根据文章内容可知，本文主要是讲培养兴趣爱好非常重要，我们应该有兴趣爱好，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，句义猜测，写作意图和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解

Parentsdonotowe(欠)theirchildrenacollegeeducation.Iftheycanaffordit,theycancertainlysendthemtoagooduniversity.Buttheyneedn'tfeelguiltyiftheycan't.Whenchildrengrowupandwanttogetmarried,theirparentsdonotowethemanapartment.Theydonothavethedutytolookaftertheirgrandchildren,either.Iftheywanttodoit,itmustbeconsideredafavor,notanobligation.

Doparentsowetheirchildrenanything?Yes,theyowethemagreatdeal.Oneoftheirobligationsistogivetheirchildrenapersonalworth.Childrenwhoarealwaysmadetofeelstupidandunworthy,constantlycomparedwithbrighterbrothers,sisters,orcousinswillbecomesounsure,soafraidoffailingthattheywon'ttryatall.Ofcoursetheyshouldbeproperlycorrectedwhentheydowrong,butit'softenbettertoletchildrenlearntheirmistakesbythemselvesintime.Alltheirparentsshoulddoistotrustthem,respectthem,understandthemandgivethemchancestotryandfail.Theymustlearntostandfailure.Whencriticisms(批评)arereallyneeded,theyshouldbebalancedwithasmileandakiss.Thatisthewaychildrenlearn.

Parentsowetheirchildrenasetofsolidvaluesaroundwhichtobuildtheirlives.Thismeansteachingthemtorespecttherightsandopinionsofothers;itmeansbeingrespectfultoelders,toteachers,andtothelaw.Thebestwaytoteachsuchvaluesisbydeed.Achildwhoisliedtowilllie.Achildwhoseesnolaughterandnoloveinthehomewillhavedifficultylaughingandloving.Nochildaskstobeborn.Ifyoubringalifeintotheworld,youowethechildsomething.（1）Theauthorthinksparents________.A.shouldsendtheirchildrentocollegeB.shouldsupporttheirchildrenaftertheygetmarriedC.needtobuyanapartmentfortheirchildrenD.needn'tfeelguiltyiftheycan'tsendtheirchildrentouniversities（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"obligation"inParagraph1mean?A.Right.B.Promise.C.Duty.D.Excuse.（3）Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldparentsdowhenchildrenmakemistakes?A.Understandthemandtellthemnottodothatagain.B.Letthemlearnthemistakesbythemselvesintime.C.Comparethemwithbrighterbrothersorsisters.D.Correcttheirmistakesimmediately.（4）Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthispassage?A.Thedutiesofparents.B.Thebestwaytoteachchildren.C.Thereasonwhychildrenfeelstupidandunworthy.D.Thereasonwhyparentsowetheirchildrensomething.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，就父母对子女真正的责任是什么进行论述，总结出父母真正要给予孩子的是个人价值和正确的价值观，这才是父母真正的职责。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Parentsdonotowe（欠）theirchildrenacollegeeducation...Buttheyneedn'tfeelguiltyiftheycan't.”父母不欠子女大学教育......如果他们承担不起大学教育，也不必感到内疚，可知，作者认为，如果父母不能送子女上大学，也不必感到内疚。故选D。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Iftheywanttodoit,itmustbeconsideredafavor,notanobligation.”如果他们想这样做，就必须把它看作一种恩惠，而不是义务，这一句中的“favor”意为“恩惠、帮忙”相反意思应为“义务、责任”，所以可以判断“obligation”应是“义务”之意，同时“obligation”和前一句“Theydonothavethedutytolookaftertheirgrandchildren,either.”他们也没有义务照顾孙子孙女，这一句里的“duty”是近义词，属于词义重现用法。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Ofcoursetheyshouldbeproperlycorrectedwhentheydowrong,butit'softenbettertoletchildrenlearntheirmistakesbythemselvesintime.”当然，如果孩子做错了，他们应该得到适当的纠正，但是最好是让孩子们自己及时地知道他们的错误，可知，当孩子犯错时，父母应该让孩子自己及时了解错误。故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Parentsdonotowe（欠）theirchildrenacollegeeducation...”从父母送子女上大学，帮忙买房子或照看孙辈等琐事引入主题，说明这些并不是父母真正的职责；以及第三段中的“Oneoftheirobligationsistogivetheirchildrenapersonalworth.”他们的义务之一是给孩子们个人的价值和最后一段中的“Parentsowetheirchildrenasetofsolidvaluesaroundwhichtobuildtheirlives.”父母有义务为孩子建立一套坚实的价值观，并以此来构建他们的生活。可知，父母真正要给予孩子的是个人价值和正确的价值观，这才是父母真正的职责，所以文章主要讲父母的职责。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解

Whenitcomestolearningaforeignlanguage,manypeoplewonderiftheywillbeabletomemorizeenoughvocabulary.Butthisquestionneverhappensabouttheirmothertongue,andyet,itwasaforeignlanguageonce.However,amongallthequestionsthatnewparentsask,nodoctorhaseverheard:"Willmybabybeabletolearnmylanguage?"Behonest,doyouknowallthewordsofyourmothertongue?Theansweris:"no".

Newwords,andnewwaysofusingoldwords,appeareveryday.Twentyyearsago,whocouldhavebeenabletounderstandasentencelikethis:"Clickheretodownloadyourdigitalbook."?Nobody.Youneverstoplearningnewvocabularyandyouneverknowhowlongyouwillneedit.

Sometimes,youhavethewordonthetipofyourtongue...anditsticksthere!Butyoudoknowthisphenomenon(现象)anddon'tthinkthatitisbecauseofabadmemory.Youshouldnotgivethisphenomenonmoreimportanceinthelanguageyouarelearningthaninyourmothertongue.

Youneedtolearnonly2000orsobasicwordstobeabletocreateanyphraseyouneed.Youcan'tavoidsomeworkinordertolearnthesenecessarywordsandallthemoreifyouwanttolearnquickly.Andbeforeyouconsiderbuyingintoanymethod,besureitisrightforyou.Itisnotwisetodependonanymethodbaseduponmnemonics(记忆群).Thefirstfewwordsseemveryeasytolearn,soyoubuythecourse,butthenyoudiscoverquickly,thoughtoolate,thatadozenwordslater,itisallthemoredifficulttolearnanewwordwhenyouhavealsotolearnthetricktomemorizeit.（1）Fromthefirstparagraph,wecaninferthat______.A.

thereisnoneedtoknowallthewordsofaforeignlanguageB.

itishonesttoanswer"no"toaquestionyoudon'tknowC.

ababycanknowallthenewwordsofitsmothertongueD.

peoplefindithardtomemorizevocabularyoftheirlanguage（2）Tolearnaforeignlanguage,theauthoradvisesyou______.A.toremembernewwordsappearingeverydayB.tokeepupwithnewwaysofusingoldwordsC.tolearnatleast2,000necessarywordsD.topaymoreattentiontoyourbadmemory（3）Theauthor'sattitudetomnemonicsis________.A.supportiveB.neutralC.opponentD.indifferent（4）Thepassageismainlyabout______.A.usingoldwordsinanewwayB.learningnewwordsfromthecontextC.findingamethodtomemorizevocabularyD.learningvocabularyofaforeignlanguage【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，很多学习外语的人都有一个困惑是否要记忆足够多的单词，作者的回答是"不"，文章告诉人们应该掌握多少个基本单词，且不能为了学习这些必要的单词而逃避一些工作，以及依靠任何基于助记法的方法都是不明智的。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Tobehonest，doyouknowallthewordsofyourmothertongue？Theansweris‘No’．“说实话，你知道你母语的所有单词吗?"答案是:"不"。可知，一个人既然连自己的母语的词汇都不可能全部认识，那么在学习外语时，也就没有必要记住所有的词汇。故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Youneedtolearnonly2，000orsobasicwordstobeabletocreateanyphraseyouneed.”你只需要学习2000个左右的基本单词就能创造出任何你需要的短语。可知为了学习一门外语，作者建议你至少学习2000个必要的单词。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Itisnotwisetodependonanymethodbaseduponmnemonics.”依靠任何基于记忆术的方法都是不明智的。可知作者对记忆术的态度是反对的。故选C。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Whenitcomestolearningaforeignlanguage,manypeoplewonderiftheywillbeabletomemorizeenoughvocabulary.”当谈到学习一门外语时，许多人想知道他们是否能记住足够的词汇。以及文章主要内容围绕学习外语时的词汇量问题，所以短文主要是关于学习一门外语的词汇量。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解

Childrenshoulddohousework.That'sacontroversialidea,thoughnoteveryonewilladmitit.Afewparentswilldeclarethattheirchildrenaretoobusyforhousework.Manymoreofusassignhousework,orsaywebelieveinthem,butthehouseworkjustdoesn'tgetdone.

That'saproblem.Forstarters,houseworkisgoodforkids.Beingapartoftheroutineworkofrunningahouseholdhelpschildrendevelopanawarenessoftheneedsofothers,whileatthesametimecontributingtotheiremotionalwell-being.

Onesmallstudy,doneoveraperiodof25years,foundthatthebestpredictorforyoungadultssuccessintheirmid-20swaswhethertheyparticipatedinhouseholdtasksatage3or4.Thoseearlysharedresponsibilitiesextendedtoasenseofresponsibilityinotherareasoftheirlives.

Butforallthattheirhelpmatters,fewkidsaredoingmucharoundthehouseatall.Inasurveyof1,000Americanadults,75percentsaidtheybelievedregularhouseworkmadekids"moreresponsible".Yetwhile82percentreportedhavinghadregularhouseworkgrowingup,only56percentofthosewithchildrensaidtheyrequiredthemtodohousework.

Sportsandhomeworkarenotget-out-of-housework-freecards.Thegoal,afterall,istoraiseadultswhocanbalanceacaringroleintheirfamiliesandcommunitieswithwhateverlifetimeachievementgoalstheychoose.Houseworkteachesthatbalance.

Whatshouldyoudowhengettingchildrentodohousework?Acceptnoexcuses.Don'tworryifyoumustrepeatyourselfagainandagain.Ifyou'respendingmoretimegettingthechildtodothisjobthanitwouldtaketodoityourself,thenyou'redoingitright.Cananallowancehelp?Maybe.Butifyou'retryingtoteachkidstosharetheresponsibilityofahome,payingthemforroutinehouseworkisnottherightmessage.（1）Whatismostparents'problemwithchildrendoinghousework?A.

Theyareagainsttheidea.

B.

Theyfailtoputitintopractice.C.

Theydoubtthepossibilityofit.

D.

Theyarefindingexcusesfortheirchildren.（2）Whydoestheauthormentionthesmallstudy?A.

Tostatethereasonsforearlysuccess.B.

Togiveexamplesofsomesuccessfulpeople.C.

Toprovedoinghouseworkisbeneficial.D.

Tosuggestkidstakeresponsibilityfortheirbehavior.（3）AccordingtothesurveyofAmericanadults,howmanyofthemusedtodohouseworkaschildren?A.820.B.560.C.750.D.440.（4）Whydoestheauthorwritethelastparagraph?A.Tocriticizesomeirresponsibleparents.B.Todiscusstheimpactofagoodfamilyatmosphere.C.Toadviseparentstospendmoretimewiththeirkids.D.Toofferparentssomeadviceonassigningchildrenhousework.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者认为孩子应该分担家务，这不仅有利于培养他们的责任心，而且能提升他们的幸福感。而且家务能够让孩子在家庭和社区中的关爱角色与他们选择的任何终身成就目标之间取得平衡，文章最后说明一些关于分配孩子做家务的建议。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Afewparentswilldeclarethattheirchildrenaretoobusyforhousework.Manymoreofusassignhousework,orsaywebelieveinthem,butthehouseworkjustdoesn'tgetdone.”一些父母会说他们的孩子太忙了，没有时间做家务。我们中更多的人会分配家务，或说我们相信他们，但家务就是做不完。可知少数家长觉得孩子学业太忙无暇做家务，但多数家长即便认为孩子该做家务，实际生活中也没有很好地付诸实践。可知对大多数父母来说让孩子做家务存在的问题是他们没有把它付诸实践。故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Thoseearlysharedresponsibilitiesextendedtoasenseofresponsibilityinotherareasoftheirlives.”那些早期共同承担的

责任扩展到了他们生活的其他领域。可知文章在第二段介绍了孩子做家务的好处，第三段用一项研究具体阐释了第二段的内容。该研究表明，孩子幼时做家务预示着成年后较早成功，因为做家务过程中培养出的责任感会迁移到生活的其他方面。可知作者提到研究是为了证明让孩子做家务是有益的。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Yetwhile82percentreportedhavinghadregularhouseworkgrowingup,only56percentofthosewithchildrensaidtheyrequiredthemtodohousework.”然而，82%的人称自己在成长过程中经常做家务，而只有56%的有孩子的人称自己需要孩子做家务。可知，参与调查的1000个人中，82%的人说自己成长过程中经常做家务，即有820人小时候做过家务。故选A。（4）考查推理判断。最后一段中的“Whatshouldyoudowhengettingchildrentodohousework?”要让孩子做家务时你应该做什么?，是本段的主题句，作者在本段就“如何让孩子参与到家务事中”向家长提供了建议。可知作者写的最后一段是给父母一些关于分配孩子做家务的建议。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解

Forallthetechnologicalwondersofmodemmedicine,healthcare-withitsfaxmachinesandclipboards(写字板)—isoutofdate.Thisoutdatederaisslowlydrawingtoacloseastheindustrycatchesupwiththeartificial-intelligence(AI)revolution.

EricTopol,anexpertinheartdiseaseandenthusiastfordigitalmedicine,thinksAIwillbeparticularlyusefulforsuchtasksasexaminingimages,observinghearttracesforabnormalitiesorturningdoctors'wordsintopatientrecords.Itwillbeabletousemassesofdatatoworkoutthebesttreatments,andimproveworkflowsinhospitals.Inshort,AIissettosavetime,livesandmoney.

ThefearsomepeoplehaveisthatAIwillbeusedtodeepentheassembly-linecultureofmodemmedicine.Ifitgivesa"giftoftime"todoctors,theyarguethatthisbonusshouldbeusedtoextendconsultations,ratherthansimplyspeedingthroughthemmoreefficiently.

Thatisafineidea,butashealthswallowsanever-biggershareofnationalwealth,greaterefficiencyisexactlywhatisneeded,atleastsofarasgovernmentsandinsurersareconcerned.Otherwise,richsocietiesmayfailtocopewiththeneedsofageingandgrowingpopulations.Anextrafiveminutesspentchattingwithapatientiscostlyaswellasvaluable.TheAIrevolutionwillalsoenablemanagerialaccountantstoadjustandevaluateeveryaspectoftreatment.Theautonomyofthedoctorwillsurelybeweakened,especially,perhaps,inpublic-healthsystemswhichareduty-boundtocutunnecessarycosts.

TheHippocraticOath(誓言)holdsthatthereisanarttomedicineaswellasascience,andthat“warmth,sympathyandunderstandingmayoutweighthesurgeon'sknifeorthechemist'sdrug”.There'slotsofsenseinit:thepatientsofsympatheticphysicianshavebeenshowntorecoverbetter.Yetasthesupplyofhumancarersfailstosatisfythedemandforhealthcare,thefuturemayinvolveconsultationsonsmartphonesandmeasurementsmonitoredbychatbots.Theconsideratelywarmedstethoscope(听诊器),placedgentlyonapatient'sback,maybecomearelicofthepast.（1）What'sDrTopol'sattitudetowardAI'scomingintomedicine?A.Concerned.B.Doubtful.C.Optimistic.D.Cautious.（2）Whatdoestheauthorofthetextattachmoreimportanceto?A.Medicalcosts.B.Nationalwealth.C.Longerconsultation.D.Greaterefficiency.（3）WhyistheHippocraticOathmentioned?A.ToprovethebrightfutureofAI.B.Toshowtheadvantageofahumandoctor.C.Toexplainmedicalequipmentismoreimportant.D.Toargueahumandoctorperformsaswellasarobot.（4）Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.HealthcareandAIB.AIanditsapplicationsC.DoctorsandPatientsD.DrTopolanddigitalmedicine【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，尽管现代医学创造了许多技术奇迹，但医疗保健——包括传真机和剪贴板——已经过时了。随着人工智能革命的到来，这个过时的时代正在慢慢接近尾声。作者认为人工智能旨在节省时间、生命和金钱，对提高效率是很有帮助的。但同时也指出人类医生可以和机器人表现得一样好。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“EricTopol,anexpertinheartdiseaseandenthusiastfordigitalmedicine,thinksAIwillbeparticularlyuseful”可知Topol医生认为认为人工智能将特别有用，即他对人工智能进入医学界是持乐观态度的，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Thatisafineidea,butashealthswallowsanever-biggershareofnationalwealth,greaterefficiencyisexactlywhatisneeded,atleastsofarasgovernmentsandinsurersareconcerned.”可知作者认为但随着健康吞噬了越来越多的国家财富，提高效率正是我们所需要的。即作者更注重提高效率。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“There'slotsofsenseinit:thepatientsofsympatheticphysicianshavebeenshowntorecoverbetter.”有同情心的医生的病人康复得更好。可推理作者提到HippocraticOath的目的在于指出人类医生的优势。故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讨论人工智能即将进入现代医学界，就此展开讨论。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解

Childrenwhospendmoretimereadingwiththeirparentshaveagreaterchanceofbecomingbetterreadersthanthosewhodon't.Withhelpfromtheirparents,childrencanlearntechniquestoimprovetheirreadingskills.

"Alotofparentsthinkaftertheirchildlearnstoread,theyshouldstopreadingtothem,"DonnaGeorgesaid."Theyaresadlymistaken."

GeorgeoffersherservicestoparentsattheTitleILearningCenters.Shesaidreadingaloudtochildrenmaybethemostvaluablethingparentscando."Itisbetterforchildrentohearthingsatahighlevelthanwheretheyare,"Georgesaid."Parentsaretheirchild'sfirstteacher."Parentshelptheirchildrenbuildlistening,phonics,comprehensionandvocabularyskillswhentheyreadaloudtothem.

Beforeparentscanidentifyreadingproblems,theyshouldescapetheenemy—televisionandlimitthetimetheirchildrenspendwatchingtelevision.GeorgesuggestednotallowingkidstohaveaTVintheirbedrooms,settingascheduleofwhenkidscanwatchorkeepingalistofhowmanyprogramschildrenwatch.LouiseJonessaidthatwhileher14-year-olddaughterand10-year-oldsonenjoyreading,thetelevisionsometimesbecomesadistraction.Soshetriestobuildthesituationbysuggestingbookstheentirefamilywillenjoyreadingtogether,liketheHarryPotterseries.

Parentswhodonotreadthemselvesshouldnotcountontheirchildrenbeingenthusiasticaboutit.Ifparentswouldreadtotheirchildrenatleast15minuteseveryday,childrenwouldnothavesomanyproblemsinschool.Itistheparents'jobtohelpbuildthatdesireintheirchildren,andofcoursetoknowwhatkindofbookstoreadisalsoimportant.（1）AccordingtoGeorge,readingaloudtochildren______.A.helpsthemcorrectmistakesB.ishelpfultotheirreadingC.isparents'firstdutytotheirchildrenD.cangetchildrenoutoftelevision'sattraction（2）Theunderlinedword"distraction"(inParagraph4)meanssomethingthatcan_____.A.improvechildren'sreadingskillsB.helpchildrenformtherighthabitofreadingC.makechildreninterestedinreadingD.stopchildrenconcentratingonreading（3）Whatisimportantaccordingtothefourthparagraph?A.Readingskills.B.Readingspeed.C.Readingmaterials.D.Readingenvironment.（4）Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe______.A.ChildrenSpendMoreTimeReadingwithParentsB.ParentsAreTheirChild'sFirstTeacherC.HowParentsMakeTheirChildaBetterReaderD.HowtoImproveChildren'sReadingAbility【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了经常与父母一起阅读的孩子更容易成为优秀的阅读者，在父母的帮助下，孩子们会提高阅读技巧，并详细阐述了父母如何使孩子成为更好的阅读者。（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Parentshelptheirchildrenbuildlistening,phonics,comprehensionandvocabularyskillswhentheyreadaloudtothem.”可知家长对孩子大声的阅读，会帮助他们建立听力、发音、理解和词汇技能。即家长对孩子大声的阅读对孩子的阅读是有帮助的，故选B。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“Beforeparentscanidentifyreadingproblems,theyshouldescapetheenemy—televisionandlimitthetimetheirchildrenspendwatchingtelevision.”可知电视是影响孩子阅读的敌人，所以当LouiseJoines14岁的女儿和10岁的儿子享受阅读的快乐时，电视就会成为使他们分心的东西，所以distraction的意思是“分心”，故选D。（3）考查推理判断。第四段主要讲了为了避免电视成为孩子阅读的障碍，不建议在孩子的卧室安装电视，而且列举了LouiseJones的例子，为了避免电视使孩子分心，LouiseJones营造全家都读书的氛围。所以从本段可以知道阅读环境是很重要的，故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。主要讲述了经常与父母一起阅读的孩子更容易成为优秀的阅读者，在父母的帮助下，孩子们会提高阅读技巧。并详细阐述了父母如何使孩子成为更好的阅读者。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

Therearearound600,000vegans(素食者)intheUK.That'sjustover1%ofthepopulation—anamountexpectedtoincreaseto25%by2025.Andifthere'sonetypeoffoodthatBritslove,itisfastfood.PeopleintheUKloveitsomuchthattherewasa34%increaseinthenumberoffastfoodoutletsfrom2010to2018.It'snosurprise,then,thatveganfastfoodisalsoontherise.

Veganfastfoodhasbecomebigbusiness.AtJustEat,anonlinefooddeliverycompany,veganordersmorethandoubledin2018.Greggs,achainofhigh-streetbakeries,nameditsvegansausagerollthe"fastest-sellingproductinsixyears".AndbigfranchisessuchasMcDonald'sandKFChaveannouncedmeat-freechickennuggets(鸡块)tocomeinthefuture.

What's.drivingthispopularity?KatrinaFox,founderofVeganBusinessMedia,believesit'stheresultofthebreakingdownofstereotypes(成见)."Veganfoodisnolongerseenasabitoflettuceandlentils—youcaneatprettymuchanything".

It'salsoclaimedthattherearehealthbenefits.JohnMarulanda,ownerofMooshiesisaveganburgerbarinLondon—wantstoimplement"achangetoahealthyversionoffastfood.Something,heclaims,thatcomesasaresultoftheinherentnutritionalvalueoftheingredientstheyuse.

But,isveganfastfoodactuallyhealthy?AzminaGovindjioftheBritishDieteticAssociationsays"nottoassume"thatisthecase,"It'sfineifthoseproductshavegotvitaminB12,iodineorcalciumaddedtothem,buttheycanstillbefried,itcanstillhavelotsofcreamy,fattysaucesandlotsofsalt.

Giventhecurrentgrowthinorders,thetrendforveganfastfoodisn'tlikelytodisappearanytimesoon,Health—wise,itmaynotbeanymorenourishingthanregularfastfood,butformany,thelackofanimalsufferinginvolvedintheprocessisabigplus.（1）What'sthemainideaofParagraph1?A.VegansintheUKareincreasing.B.Britishpeoplelovejunkfood.C.Eatingtoomuchfastfoodisbadforhealth.D.VeganfastfoodisbecomingpopularinBritain.（2）Whichmightbethereasonforthepopularityofveganfastfood?A.Itsuniqueflavors.B.Thechangeoflifepace.C.Itshealthbenefits.D.Itscolorfuldecorations.（3）WhatisAzminaGovindji'sopinionaboutveganfastfood?A.Itisnotsohealthy.B.Itismorevaried.C.Itismorenutritious.D.Itwillsoondisappear.（4）Whydomanypeopletendtoveganfastfoodaccordingtothelastsentence?A.Tokeepabalanceddiet.B.Forreligiousreasons.C.Outoftheloveforanimals.D.It'scheaperthanregularfood.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，素食快餐在英国越来越受欢迎，文章陈述了它受欢迎的潜在原因。于此同时，也有人认为素食快餐并没有那么健康，可能人们选择素食快餐是出于对动物的爱。（1）考查段落大意。根据第一段中的“It'snosurprise,then,thatveganfastfoodisalsoontherise.”毫无以外，素食快餐也在增加，可知，本段主要讲述随着快餐在英国的增加，素食快餐也在增加，即素食快餐在英国变得越来越受欢迎。故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“It'salsoclaimedthattherearehealthbenefits.”它还声称对健康有益)可知，素食快餐流行的原因之一是对健康有好处。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“AzminaGovindjioftheBritishDieteticAssociationsays‘nottoassume’thatisthecase,"It'sfineifthoseproductshavegotvitaminB12,iodineorcalciumaddedtothem..buttheycanstillbefried,itcanstillhavelotsofcreamy,fattysaucesandlotsofsalt.”英国饮食协会的AzminaGovindji说，“不要假设”是这样的情况，“如果这些产品含有维生素B12就好了，加入碘或钙。但是它们仍然是油炸，仍然有许多奶油、脂肪和很多盐。”可推测，AzminaGovindji认为素食快餐并没有那么健康，因为它们仍然用来油炸，含有大量脂肪和盐。故选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Health-wise,itmaynotbeanymorenourishingthanregularfastfood,butformany，thelackofanimalsufferinginvolvedintheprocessisabigplus.”在健康方面，它可能不会比普通快餐更营养，但对于很多人来说，在整个过程中没有动物受苦是一大好处，可知，很多人选择素食快餐是因为没有动物的痛苦在里面，故推测他们是出于对动物的爱而选择素食快餐的。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解

Canyouimagineaworldwithoutmusic?Studiesshowthatpublicschoolsacrossthecountryarecuttingbackonmusicclassestosavemoney.Evenworse,someschoolshaveneverhadmusicclassestobeginwith.Butwithoutthem,students'academic(学术的)growthandspiritualhealthcouldsuffer.Infact,musicclassesarenecessaryforallstudentsinschools.

RecentstudiesBrownUniversityhaveshownthatstudentswhoreceivedmusiceducationclasseswerebetterinmathandreadingskillsthanthosewithoutmusicclasses.AnotherstudybyTheCollegeBoardfoundthatstudentstakingmusicandartclassesgothigherpoints.Students'academicsuccessseemstodependontheirtakingpartinmusiceducation.

Musicprogramsinpublicschoolsalsohelptoaddtoastudent'ssenseofprideandself-confidence.Teenstodayhavetoomanylearningtasks.Besides,theyhavefamilyproblems,self-confidenceproblems,relationshiptroubles,andchoicesaboutsmokeandalcohol(酒精).Allofthesecanstopacademicsuccess,butmusiceducationcanhelp.AstudybyTheTexasCommissiononDrugandAlcoholAbusefoundthatstudentswhotookpartinschoolmusicprogramswerelesslikelytoturntosmoke.Musicprogramsencouragestudentstoworktogethertoproduceanexcellentperformance.

Musiccrosseslanguage,classandculture.Musicallowsstudentsfromdifferentcountriestoconnect.Forexample,ataschooltalentshow,anew