Unit2-单元素养检测

2/2Unit2单元素养检测第一部分阅读理解第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANowmanyyoungpeoplearetravellingaroundtheworldontheirown，notbecausetheyhavenoonetotravelwith，butbecausetheyprefertogoalone.KristinaWegscheiderfromCaliforniafirsttravelledalonewhenshewasatcollegeandbelievedthatitwassomethingeveryoneshoulddoatleastonceintheirlife."Itopensupyourmindtonewthingsandpushesyououtofyourcomfortzone.”Wegscheiderhasvisited46countriescoveringsixcontinents.Inforeigncountries，withnoonetohelpyoureadamap，lookafteryouifyougetill，orlendyoumoneyifyourwalletisstolen，itischallenging.Thisiswhatdrivesyoungpeopletotravelalone.Itisseenascharacterbuildingandachancetoprovethattheycanmakeitontheirown.ChrisRichardsondecidedtoleavehissalesjobinAustraliatogotravellinglastyear.Hesetupawebsite，TheAussieNomad，todocumenthisadventures.Hesaidhewishedhehadtravelledaloneearlier."Thepeopleyoumeet，theplacesyouvisit，orthethingsyoudo，everythingisuptoyouanditforcesyoutogrowasaperson,”saidthe30-year-old.Richardsondescribestravellingalonelike"ashotinthearm"，which"makesyouamoreconfidentpersonthatisreadtodealwithanything".Hesaid，"ThefeelingofhavingconqueredsomethingonmyownisamajorpartofwhatdrivesmeeachdaywhenI'mdealingwithadifficulttask.IwalkaroundwithmyheadupbecauseIknowdeepdowninsidethatnothingisimpossibleifyoutry.”Thegreat19thcenturyexplorerJohnMuironcesaid，“Onlybygoingaloneinsilencecanonetrulygetintotheheartofthewilderness.”1.Whyisitchallengingtotravelalone?A.Itwillfinallybuildyourcharacter.B.Youhavetomakethingsonyourown.C.Itishardforyoutoproveyourselftoothers.D.Youdependonyourselfwhateverhappens.2.WhatisTRUEaboutChrisRichardson?A.Hestartedtravellingatanearlyage.B.Hewasonceshotinthearm.C.Heusedtoworkasasalesman.D.Hiswebsiteinspiresothersalot.3.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TravelWideandFarB.TravelUnaccompaniedC.TravelLightD.TravelAbroadB[广东深圳高级中学2018高一期中]ItfeelslikeeverytimemymotherandIstarttohaveaconversation，itturnsintoanargument.Wetalkaboutsomethingassimpleasdinnerplansandsuddenly，mymotherwillpushtheconversationinto“WorldWarIll".She'lltalkaboutmylack（缺少）ofbrightfuturebecauseIdon’tplantobeadoctor.Andmuchtoherdisappointment，Idon'twanttodoanyjobrelatedto（和……相关）science，either.Infact，whenIwaspushedtosaythatplannedtomajor（主修）inEnglish，shenearlyhadaheartattack.“Whycan’tyoubelikemyco-worker'sson?"shebemoansallthetime.Herco-worker'ssonreceivedafour-yearscholarshipandisnowearning70，000dollarsayearasanengineer.Idon'tknowwhattoanswer.Isimplycan’tbelikeMrPerfectasI’vecalledtheunnamedco-worker'sson.Ican'tbelikehim.Iamthetypeofpersonwholovestohelpoutinthecommunity，writeuntilthesungoesdown，andmostofall，wantstoachieveacareerbecauseIloveit，notbecauseofafameorsalary.Iunderstandwhymymotherisworriedaboutmyfuturemajor.I'veseenmymotherstruggletoraisemeonhersmallsalaryandworklonghours.Sheleavesthehousearound6:30am.andusuallycomeshomearound5p.m.oreven6p.m.However,Iwanthertoknowthatbybecomingadoctor,itdoesn’tmeanI'llbesuccessful.I'dratherfollowmydreamsandcreatemyownfuture.4.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1aboutthewriter'smother?A.Thewriter’smotherdoesn’twantthewritertomajorinEnglishB.Thewriter'smotherdoesn'tthinkthewritershouldbeadoctor.C.Thewriter'smothergetsalongverywellwiththewriter.D.Thewriter’smotherdoesn'tthinkworkinginthescientificfieldisagoodidea.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"bemoans"inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Agrees. B.Shouts C.Complains D.Smiles6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisprobablyTRUEaboutthewriter?A.Hewantstobelikehismother'sco-worker’sson.B.Hewantstofindajobinhiscommunityinthefuture.C.Hedoesn'tthinkhismother’sco-worker’ssonisperfect.D.Hewantstodosomethinghereallylikesinthefuture.C[河北枣强中学2018高一期末]TheThamesBarrierisasystemthatpreventsLondonfrombeingfloodedbyNorthSeastorms.ItliesintheeasternpartofLondon.TheThamesBarrierwasbuiltinthe1970sandhasbeeninoperationsince1982.Itcostsover£500millionandisoperatedbytheEnvironmentAgency.Innormalweather，tidescausetheThamesRivertoriseandfallbyabout5metrestwiceaday.HeavystormsintheNorthSea，however，combinedwithrisingtidescanpushtoomuchwateruptheThamesandfloodcentralpartsofthecity.Whenthishappens，thegatesoftheLondonBarrierareraisedtokeepwaterawayfromthecity.Inthecourseofhistory，Londonhaswitnessedmanycasesofextremeflooding.Theworsteventtookplacein1953，when307peopleinEnglanddiedduringaheavystormthatspreadacrosstheNorthSeaandhoodedthecity.Afterthisdisaster，cityplannersdecidedthatsomethinghadtobedonetoprotectthecity.Today，10rotating（旋转）steelgatesspanthe520-metrewideThamesRiver.Undernormalconditions，thefive-storey-highgatesaredownandshipscanpassthrough.Whendangerapproaches，thegateseachweighing3，700tonescanberaisedwithinminutestokeepextrawateroutofthecityarea.Sincetheopeningofthebarrierin1982，thegateshavebeenclosedover170times.Recently，however，thegateshavebeenclosedveryoftenduetorisingsealevels.TheThamesBarrierprotectsoveramillionpeoplewholiveandworkincentralLondon.Italsoprotectshistoricbuildingsinfrastructure（基础设施）andtheLondonUnderground.Climateexpertssaythatsealevelsarerisingslowerthanpredictedaluntil2070.7.WhatcanweknowabouttheThamesBarn?A.ItliesinthenorthofLondon B.Itwasusedtostorewater.C.Itcosts£500millionayear. D.Itstartedtobeusedin19828.Whydidcityplannersdecidetodosomethingtoprotectthecity?A.Tidesriseandfallabout5metrestwiceaday.B.Risingtidescaneasilyfloodcentralpartsofthecity.C.TheEnvironmentAgencyhopedtoreducelosses.D.Thefloodin1953made307peopleinEnglandlosetheirlives.9.WhatcausedtheThamesBarriertocloseveryoften?A.Frequentships. B.Risingsealevels.C.Extremeweather. D.Toomuchrain.10.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheThamesBarrier?A.Attractive B.Important C.Concerned D.Controversial第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping，Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers，inmyeyes，werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites，ill-cookedmeals，anduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.11Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.12Wesleptinatent，cookedoveranopenfire，andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom.ThisbriefvisitwithMotherNaturecostmetwodaysofffromwork，recoveringfromabadcaseofsunburnandthedoctor'sbillformyson'sfoodpoisoning.Iwas，nevertheless，talkedintogoingonanotherfun-filledholidayinthewilderness，13Instead，wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairconditioner.Mynature-lovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.14Wehavedonealotofitsince.Recently，weboughtatwenty-eight-foottraveltrailercompletewithabathroomandabuilt-inTVset.Thereisaseparatebedroom，amodemkitchenwitharefrigerator.Thetrailerevenhasmatchingcarpetandcurtains.15Itmustbetruethatsoonerorlater，everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Irecommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.A.Thistimetherewasnotent.B.Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C.Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D.Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen，however.E.ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.F.Afterthetrip，myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G.Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.第二部分语言运用第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasrecentlyinvitedtodinnerbyafriend.Duringthemeal，themanageroftherestaurantcame16andsaidthatourmealwasfree.Hestoodthere17atmeandheseemedalittle18tomebutIcouldn'tquiterememberhim.19Iaskedhimifheknewme.HelaughedandsaidIhadprobably20him，butthatI'dchangedhislife.Myfriendwasquite21andaskedhimhowI'ddonethis. Hesaidthattwelveyearsagohe22astressmanagementclassthatIwasgiving.Iaskedthegroupwhattheirgreatest23wasandmostofthem，includinghimsaiditwastheirbosses.HesaidIlistened 24 andthentookachairandplaceditinthecentreoftheroom.I 25 onthechairforafewmoments，andthenI 26 everyonetocomeanddothesame.IwantedthemtolookattheroomfromupthereAftereveryonehaddoneit，Iaskedthegroupto 27 howtheroomlookeddifferentwhentheychangedtheirperspective（视角）.ThenIaskedthemto 28theirbosses.Wasthisthesamepersonwhohadseentheirgood29andhiredthem？Didtheyrememberhowhappytheyweretobe30forthejob？Buthowdidthesewonderfulpeoplebecometerriblebosses?HesaidIlookedathimandaskedifhehad 31 saidthankyoutohisbossforthe 32 toearnalivingHeansweredhehadn’t.ThenIaskedhimwhyhehadn’ttriedbeing 33 tohisboss.Hetoldushis 34changedthatnight.Hewentbacktoworkthenextdaywithathank-youcardtohisboss.HesaidI'd35himtolookatlifefromdifferentperspectivesandexpressthanks.16.A.out B.back C.over D.on17.A.smiling B.glaring C.knocking D.shouting18.A.similar B.attractive C.strange D.familiar19.A.Immediately B.Finally C.Suddenly D.Firstly20.A.disliked B.known C.ignored D.forgotten21.A.curious B.anxious C.happy D.calm22.A.missed B.prepared C.attended D.heard23.A.hero B.stress C.liking D.trouble24.A.regretfully B.angrily C.doubtfully D.carefully25.A.stood B.lay C.sat D.rested26.A.forced B.stopped C.invited D.warmed27.A.workon B.thinkabout C.lookinto D.fillout28.A.remember B.dislike C.respect D.consider29.A.qualities B.clothes C.experiences D.looks30.A.meant B.refused C.chosen D.forgiven31.A.still B.actually C.never D.ever32.A.right B.opportunity C.solution D.ability33.A.polite B.friendly C.grateful D.gentle34.A.life B.job C.luck D.company35.A.ordered B.taught C.allowed D.persuade第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）[课标全国Ⅲ2019]阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Onourwaytothehouse，itwasraining36hardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake37(get）there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack38dogs，seventobeexact.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters39hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand40(recommend）wonderfulplacestoeat，shop，andvisit.Forbreakfast，wewereabletoeatpapaya（木瓜）andotherfruitsfromtheirtreesinthebackyard.Whentheywerefreefromwork，theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting41（compete）towatch，togetherwiththestorybehindit.Theyalsosharedwithusmany42（tradition）storiesaboutHawaiithatwere43（huge）popularwithtourists.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay，we44（invite）toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars，45（listen）tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.36._________ 37._________ 38.__________ 39.___________ 40.______41．_________ 42._________ 43.__________ 44.__________ 45._______第三部分写作第一节应用文写作（满分15分）假如你是Peter，你的朋友张凯打算利用假期外出旅行，但不知该如何准备，写信征求你的意见。请你给他写封回信，建议内容如下：为了过好假期，你首先得规划一下。你可以按下表中说的步骤去做:步骤内容1上网查找信息2确定旅游目的地3预订旅馆房间写作要求:1.80词左右；2.开头已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：目的地destinationDearZhangKai,I'mverygladtoreceiveyourletter，andhopeyou'llhaveagoodtimetravelling.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Peter第二节读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事Threeboysandthreegirlsweregoingtothebeach.Theyboardedthebuswithsandwichesandwine，dreamingofgoldenbeaches.Suddenly，theynoticedVingo.Hesatinfrontofthem，eyesfixeduponaphoto，completelyinsilence.Deepintothenight，thebuspulledintoHowardJohnson's，aservicearea，andeverybodygotoffexceptVingo.Theyoungpeoplebegantowonderabouthim.Whentheycameback，oneofthegirlssatbesidehimandintroducedherself."Wantsomewine?"shesaid.Hesmiledandtookaswig（大口喝）fromthebottle.Hethankedherandbecamesilentagain.Thenextmorning，theyawokeoutsideanotherHowardJohnson's，andthistimeVingowentin.Thegirlinsistedthathejointhem.Heorderedblackcoffeeandsomecookies.Whentheyreturned，thegirlsatwithVingoagain.Afterawhile，slowlyandpainfully，hebeganhisstory.Hehadbeeninprisonforthepastfouryears，andnowhewasgoinghome.“Areyoumarried?”“Idon'tknow.”“Youdon’tknow?"shesaid.“Well，whenIwasinprisonIwrotetomywife,”hesaid.“ItoldherthatIwasgoingtobeawayforalongtime，andthatifshecouldn'tstandit，ifthekidskeptaskingquestions，andifithurthertooshecouldjustforgetme.I'dunderstand.'Getanewguy，Isaid.She'sawonderfulwoman.Itoldhershedidn'thavetowritetome.Andshedidn't.Notforthreeandahalfyears.”“Andyou'regoinghomenow.notknowing?’“Yeah.Well，lastweek，whenIwassuretheparole（假释）wascomingthrough，Iwrotetoheragain.WeusedtoliveinBrunswickandthere'sabigoaktree（橡树）justasyoucomeintothetown.Itoldherthatifshedidn'thaveanewmanandifshe'dtakemeback，sheshouldputayellowhandkerchiefinthetreeandI'dgetoffandcomehome.Ifshedidn'twantme，forgetit-nohandkerchiefandI'dgoonthrough.”“Wow，"thegirlexclaimed.“Wow.”Shetoldtheothers，andsoonallofthemwereinit.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好;4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph1:Lookingatthephoto,theyoungpeoplefoundayoungwomanandthreechildreninit.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Vingosatthereamazed,staringattheoaktree.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案第一部分阅读理解第一节A【语篇导读】很多年轻人喜欢独自旅行，独自旅行不仅可以开阔我们的视野，还可以让我们走出舒适区。在旅途中我们会遇见不同的人，看见不同的风景，迎接不同的挑战，从而使自己威长。1.D 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话Inforeigncountries，withnoonetohelpyoureadamap，lookafteryouifyougetill，orlendyoumoneyifyourwalletisstolen，itischallenging.可知，在国外独自旅行时没有人帮你看地图，生病时没人照顾你，钱包被偷时没人借给你钱，不管发生什么都得靠自己。故选D项。2.C 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句ChrisRichardsondecidedtoleavehissalesjobinAustraliatogotravellinglastyear.和最后一句中的saidthe3o-year-old可知，A项错误，C项正确。根据文章第五段第f]Richardsondescribestravellingalonelike"ashotinthearm"，whichmakesyouamoreconfidentpersonthatisreadytodealwithanything可知，B项错误，Ishotinthearm在文中是比喻说法，指鼓舞人心的事，意为“强心针，兴奋剂”，并不是克里斯·理查森的胳膊真中了枪。D项文中没提及。3.B 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第一句中出现的travellingaroundtheworldontheirown以及下文多次提到的alone可知，B项为本文的最佳标题，unaccompanied的意思是“无人陪伴的”，和alone是同义词。B【语篇导读】在职业生涯的选择上，家长往往把自己的意愿强加给孩子，不顾及孩子自身的兴趣、意愿和感受。每一个孩子都是独特的，要让孩子追求自己的梦想，创造属于自己的未来。4.A 推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句Infact，whenIwaspushedtosaythatIplannedtomajorinEnglish，shenearlyhadaheartattack可知，当作者说想要把英语作为专业时，母亲差点犯心脏病，故作者的母亲不想让作者主修英语。5.C 词义猜测题。由画线词前的“Whycan'tyoubelikemyco-workerson？”可知，作者的母亲对作者很不满意，故bemoans应该是“抱怨的意思。6.D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句中的wantstoachievecareerbecauseIloveit，notbecauseofafameorsalary及第三段最后句可知，作者未来想做自己喜欢的事。故选D项。C【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介紹了英国的泰晤士河防洪闸。它位于英国伦敦市东部，自1982年开始投入使用。其目的是使伦救免受北海的潮汐和风暴潮的影响。防洪闸可在涨潮时关闭，退潮时再打开。7.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的TheThamesBarrierwasbuiltinthe1970sandhasbeeninoperationsince1982.可知，泰晤士河防洪阐是在1982年投入使用的。故选D项。8.D 细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句以及第三句Afterthisdisaster，cityplannersdecidedthatsomethinghadtobedonetoprotectthecity.可知，因为1953年的洪水给伦敦带来了灾难，所以城市规划者决定修建泰晤士河防洪闸。故选D项。9.B 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句Recently，however，thegateshavebeenclosedveryoftenduetorisingsealevels.可知，现在海平面上使得泰晤士河防洪闸经常关闭。故选B项。10.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的TheThamesBarrierprotectsoveramillionpeoplewholiveandworkincentralLondon.和作者全文的介绍可推知，作者认为泰晤士河防洪闸是很重要的。故选B项。第二节【语篇导读】本文作者自述了最初讨厌野营，后来逐渐喜欢上野营的经历。11.D 作者在上文提到自己三年前并不认同野营，而下文讲自己逐渐喜欢上野营的经过，所以设空处应和上文构成转折关系。D项中的however是关键信息，句意为：然而，从那之后我却开始对野营有了很多了解。故选D项。12.C 上一句提到作者的朋友带作者去野营，下文细致描述了这次野营过程的艰难，所以此处应是对这次野营进行总的概括。C项（他们带我去的是一次艰难的旅行）符合语境。故选C项。13.A 本段和上一段对比了两次完全不同的野营经历，设空后的Instead是关键信息。上一段提到上次野营时住的是帐篷，而设空后提到这次住的是有床有空调的野营车。A项（这一次没有帐篷）符合语境。故选A项。14.F 本段讲的是上次野营之后的变化，而且设空后的We应指代设空处出现的名词，与F项中的myfamily呼应。故选F项。15.E 本段中作者建议读者找到自己的方式去回归自然，所以此处应是作者对野营的态度。E项（我必须说我确定自己已经开始喜欢野营了）符合语境，故选E。第二部分 语言运用第一节【语篇导读】在生活中，我们要学会从不同的角度看问题，同时我们要对别人心怀感恩，这样我们就可以更好地理解别人。16.C 根据空后的andsaidthatourmealwasfree可知，此处指“餐馆的经理走过来告诉我们这頓饭是免费的”。comeout意为“出版”；comeback意为“返回”；cnmeover意为“走过来”；oneof意为“加油17.A根据上文中的saidthatourmealwasfree和下文内容可知，经理应该是站在那里，微笑地看着作者。故A项正确18.D 根据设空后的butIcouldn'tquiterememberhim可知，此处应该是“我好像对他有点儿熟悉”，similar意为“类似的”，familia意为熟悉的”。故D项正确。19.B 根据语境可知，经理给作者免单，微笑地看着作者，而作者自己却想不起对方是谁了，最后问经理是否认识自己，故B项正确。20.D 根据上文中的Iaskedhimifheknewme可知，此处的意思是：他笑着说我可能忘记了他。21.A 一个陌生人说作者改变了他的人生，作者的朋友对此应该是好奇的，故A项正确。anxiou意为“焦虑的”。22.C 根据astressmanagementclassthatIwasgiving可知，他参加了作者的一个压力管理的课程班。attendtheclass是固定短语，意为“上课”，故C项正确。23.B 根据heastressmanagementelass可知，他参加了一个压力管理课程班，所以作者问他们的问题应该是：他们最大的压力是什么？故B项正确24.D 根据语境可知，上课时作者认真倾听了每个人的发言，故D项正确。25.A 根据下文中的Iwantedthemtolookattheroomfromupthere..中的up可知，是从高处往下看，即作者先站到椅子上，然后让他们每个人都站到椅子上，故A项正确26.C 根据上文可知，作者认真倾听了每个人的发言，对他们的态度是友好的，故作者在椅子上站了一会儿后，邀请每个人都站到椅子上去感受一下。故C项正确。27.B workon意为“从事"；thinkabout意为“思考”；lookinto意为“调查”；fillout意为“填写”。根据语境可知，此句意为“我让他们思考当他们改变自己的视角时教室看起来有何不同”。D根据下文的三个问句可知，此处意思是“让他们体谅他们的老板”，consider意为“体谅；体贴”，符合语境。29.A 根据设空后的hiredthem可推知，应是老板看到他们优秀的品质并雇用了他们，故A项正确。quality意为“品质”30.C 根据空前的howhappytheywere可知，他们应该是被选中，故C项正确31.D 根据下文可知，此处意为：我问他是否曾经对老板说过感谢。ever意为“曾经”"，符合语境，故D项正确。32.B 根据上文中的hiredthem可知，老板给了他谋生的机会，故B项正确。mght意为“权利"；solution意为“解决方法”；ability意为“能力”。33.C 根据上文中的saidthankyoutohisboss可知，此处应为“我问他为什么不试着对老板心存感激之情”。34.A 根据文中第一段中的HelaughedandsaidIhadprobablyhim，butthatI'dchangedhislife.可知，此处句意为“他告诉我们他的人生在那天晚上发生了改变”，和第一段相呼应35.B 根据上文中的I'dchangedhislife及本段内容可知，作者教会了他从不同的角度看生活，并学会感恩。第二节【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要叙述了作者和朋友们在珍珠城游玩一周的见闻。36.so 句意为：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得那么大，以至于我们不禁在想要多久才能到达那里。根据句意并分析句子结构可知此句含“s0，，that.."引导的结果状语从句，故填so。37.toget 句意见上一题解析。ittakes/ok（sb）sometimetodosth为固定句式，意为“花费（某人）多长时间做某事”，该句式中it为形式主语，后面的不定式（短语）为真正的主语。设空处应用动词不定式形式，故填toget。38.of 句意为：我们最先听到了一群狗的叫声—准确来说是7只狗的叫声。apackof为固定搭配，意为“一群；一盒；一伙”，故填of。39.who/that 句意为：这些狗受到了主人的良好训练，它们的主人在照看这些动物方面有着丰富的经验。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是masters，意为“主人”，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导定语从句，who作为关系代词指人，tha作为关系代词指人或指物。故此处填who，也可填that。40.recommended 句意为：东道主（给我们）分享了他们的很多经历，并推荐了一些吃喝、购物和游玩的好去处。分析句子结构可知and连接的是并列谓语，时态应保持一致。shared为一般过去时，故填petition 设空处前有不定冠词an和形容词Interesting修饰且作介词of的宾语，应用名词形式。故填conpetition。42.traditiona 句意为：他们也给我们分享了一些深受游客喜爱的关于夏威夷的传统故事。设空处修饰名词stones，应用形容词。故填traditional。43.huge 句意见上一题解析。分析句子成分可知，设空处修饰形容词popular，应用副词hugely，表示“极度；非常”，故填hugely。44.wereinvited 句意为：我们在那里逗留了一个星期，在最后一天我们受邀参加了在北岸一个美丽农场举办的一场私人音乐会，在星空下听音乐家演奏，并结识有趣的当地人。设空处在句中作谓语根据时间状语Onthelastdayofourweek-ongstay可知，此处表示发生在过去的动作，且Invite与主语we之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且本句主语we为复数概念。故填wereinvited.45.listening 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处前为完整的句子，故设空处应填非谓语动词。listen与其逻辑主语we之间为主动关系，表主动和伴随，应用现在分词。故填listening。第三部分写作第一节应用文写作【写作提示】1.写作要点：（1）写信的目的；（2）上网查找信息，确定旅游目的地，预订旅馆房间；（3）祝愿朋友张凯有一个愉快的假期。2.提分词句：makeaschedulefor；surftheIntemet；Inaddition；which引导的定语从句；sothat引导的目的状语从句；when引导的时间状