Unit 7 Role models of our time语法讲义（含教师版）-沪教版英语七年级下册

Unit7Rolemodelsofourtime语法讲义（含教师版）-沪教版英语七年级下册感叹句

概念

感叹句通常有what,how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情。

句型

1.what引导的感叹句：what是感叹名词（短语），中心词必须是名词，名词前可以有冠词限定和形容词

修饰。

具体有三种类型：

①What+a(n)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!

E.g.:Whatabeautifulvoiceshehas!

②What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!

E.g.:Whatkinddoctorstheyare!他们是多好的医生啊!

③What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!

E.g.:Whatfineweatheritistoday!

2.how引导的感叹句：how是感叹副词，用作状语，修饰形容词、副词或动词。

具体有四种类型。

①How+形容词+主语+谓语！

E.g.:Howgenerousyouare!

②How+副词+主语+谓语！

E.g.:Howbeautifullyshedances!她的舞蹈跳得太棒了！

③How+形容词+a(an)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！

E.g.:Howhardworkingastudentheis!他是多么用功的学生啊！

④How+主语+谓语！

E.g.:Howtimeflies!时间过得多快啊!

单项选择

1.______foodyou’vecooked!

A.HowaniceB.WhataniceC.HowniceD.Whatnice

2.______terribleweatherwe’vebeenhavingthesedays!

A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa

3.---Hello,ZhuHua.I’llhavetoreturntoCanadabecauseI’veworkedhereforayear.

---______!

A.WhattimefliesB.HowtimefliesC.WhatdoestimeflyD.Howdoestimefly

4.______!Youshouldtakethischancetoattendit.

A.HowimportantconferenceisitB.Howanimportantconferenceitis

C.WhatanimportantconferenceisitD.Whatanimportantconferenceitis

5.---Whatsportdoyoulikebest

---Springboarddiving.______todiveintowaterfromhighboard!

A.WhatafunisitB.HowfunitisC.HowafunisitD.Whatfunitis

6.______forustosurfontheseainsummer!

A.WhatexcitingisitB.Howexcitingisit

C.WhatexcitingitisD.Howexcitingitis

7.______hegavethatweshouldtakemoreexerciseinoursparetime!

A.WhatagoodadviceB.Howagoodadvice

C.WhatgoodadviceD.Howgoodadvice

8.Wehaven’tseeneachotherformanymonths.______!

A.WhatImissedyouB.WhatdidImissyou

C.HowImissedyouD.HowdidImissyou

9.______itisforustoseethathedoeshisworksowell!

A.WhatsurpriseB.Howsurprise

C.WhatasurpriseD.Howasurprise

10.______theseancientbuildingsinthiscityare!

A.WhatperfectlyprotectedB.Howperfectprotected

C.HowperfectlyprotectedD.Whatperfectprotected

11.Thelittleboycameridingfullspeeddownthemotorwayonhisbicycle.______itwas!

A.WhatadangeroussceneB.Whatdangerousascene

C.HowadangeroussceneD.Howdangerousthescene.

12.Whatafriendlyperson______!Weallliketalkingwithhim.

A.isitB.isheC.itisD.heis

13.______swimminginthisriveris!

A.HowgreatfunB.Whatgreatfun

C.HowagreatfunD.Whatagreatfun

14.______sadnewsitis!Wemusttryourbesttohelpthemoutoftrouble.

A.WhataB.WhatC.HowaD.How

15.______lovelyday!Let’sgoforawalk.

A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa

16._______dangerousitistorideonabusyroad!

A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa

17._______manheis!

A.WhatstrangeaB.Howastrange

C.WhatastrangeD.Whatstrange

18._______thesouptastes!

A.HowgoodB.HowwellC.WhatgoodD.Whatwell

答案：1-5DABDB6-10DCCCC11-18ADBBBCCA

填空

1.____Whata______valuablegiftitis!Itremindsmeofmychildhood.

2.BingDwenDwenisoneofthe2022WinterOlympicmascots(吉祥物).____How______lovelyitis!

3.Listen!Mygrandpaisplayingerhu.__What__beautifulmusicitis!

4.__How_____fasttechnologyhasprogressedovertheyears!

5.____Whata____clevergirlKittyis!Shecancomeupwithsomecreativewaystofinishtheproject.

按要求完成句子

1.Theseflowersareverybeautiful.(改为感叹句)

___How________beautiful___theseflowersare!

2.Thelittleboyisveryclever.(改为感叹句)

___How_________clever___thelittleboyis!

3.It’safunnystory.(改为感叹句)

__What__________a________funny____storyitis!

4.Whatagoodgirlsheis!(改为同义句)

___How_______good_________a______girlsheis!

5.Howdeliciousthefoodis!(改为同义句)

____What___________delicious__fooditis!

6.Theyarerunningfast.(改为感叹句)

____How__________fast____theyarerunning!

7.Hersisterisaverylovelygirl.(改为感叹句)

___What__________a_____lovelygirlhersisteris!

___How_________lovely___hersisteris!

8.Ihavereadaveryinterestingbook.(改为感叹句)

____What__________an________interesting__bookIhaveread!

9.Yourdictionaryisveryuseful.(改为感叹句)

_____How________useful___yourdictionaryis!

10.Thechildrenaresinginganddancinghappily.(改为感叹句)

_____How__________happily____thechildrenaresinginganddancing!

祈使句

定义

1.祈使句以动词原形开头，常常用来表达命令、请求或者建议。

2.它的主语“you"通常省略，并且谓语动词用原形。

3.祈使句的句尾用感叹号或句号，读的时候用降调。

4.表达请求或劝告时，在祈使句前或句末可加上please，以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。

E.g.:Keepoffthegrass!

Puttheboxesinthesmallroom.

肯定句式

祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型：

行为动词原形+其他成分。

E.g.:Makesentencesafterthemodel.

Be动词+其他成分（形容词、名词或介词短语等）。

E.g.:Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.

(1)Pleasegivemeahand---_____invite____(invite)myfriendMr.SmithtoYouthTheaterat7:30tonight.

(2)Attention!___Fill_______(fill)intheformrightnow,makingsurethateverydetailsuppliedisaccurate.

(3)Ifyou’retosucceed,______devote___(devote)tothejobafterfindingtheproperwaytodoit.

Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分

(1)带有第一人称主语的祈使句通常以Let开头。

(2)其结构为：Let+me/us+谓语动词原形或Let”s+谓语（动词原形）+其它。

(3)注意：Letus不包括说话者，而Let’s则包括说话者。

(4)Let’s......结构构成反意疑问句，附加问句用“shallwe”，其余都用“willyou”。

E.g.:Lethimgobacknow.

(1)Let’stakeataxitosavetime,____shall____we

(2)Weforgottobringourtickets,butpleaseletusenter,____will_____you

否定句式

祈使句的否定句式，通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never，一般分为以下四种类型：

在祈使句的肯定句式前加Don’t，构成“Don’t+行为动词原形+其他成分"。

E.g.:Don’tsaythatagain!

在Be动词引起的肯定祈使句前加Don’t，构成“Don’tbe+其他成分（形容词、名词或介词短语等）”。

E.g.:Don’tbecareless.

Let引起的祈使句的否定形式有两种：Let开头的祈使句，如果后面跟第一、第三人称名词或代词的宾

格，可在Let前加Don’t，也可在Let后宾格的名词或代词后面加not。如果以Let’s开头的祈使句，必

须在Let’s后加not。

E.g.:Don’tletmegowithhertomorrow.＝Letmenotgowithhertomorrow.

Let’snottellherthetruthwheneverwemeether.

在公共场合的提示语中，否定祈使句常用“No＋名词/V-ing形式"结构，表示“禁止做某事”。

E.g.:NOPHOTOS!禁止拍照！

(1)__Speak___(speak)withyourmouthfulloffood.Itisbadmannerstodothat.

(2)Don’tdrinkwhenyoudriveacar,____will___you

祈使句的回答

祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或won’t。在回答具有否

定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：一是“形式一致”，即Yes与will保持一致；No与won’t保持一致。

二是“意思相反”，即Yes是“不"的意思；No是“是”的意思。在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中

所提供的条件。

E.g.:---Don’tgoout,please.It’srainingheavilyoutside.

---Yes,Iwill.Ihavetomeetmybrotherattheairport.

祈使句的其他结构

1.祈使句后接陈述句时，须用连接词连接。如果祈使句与陈述句表示的是一种顺承关系时，要用并列连

词and来连接；如果祈使句与陈述句存在一种否定条件关系时，要用并列连词or来连接。

E.g.:LeaveitwithmeandIwillseewhatIcando.

Hurryup,orwe’llbelate.

(1)Don’tbediscouraged.__Take________(take)thingsastheyareandyouwillenjoyeverydayofyourlife.

(2)Startoutrightaway,____or____you’llmissthefirsttrain.

(3)Let’skeeptothepointorwe_____willneverreach___________(neverreach)anydecisions.

(4)Anotherhour_____and____wewillcompletethetasksenttous.

(5)____Search____(search)thewebsiteoftheFireDepartmentinyourcity,youwilllearnalotabout

firefighting.

2.祈使句与条件状语从句的连用：祈使句与条件状语从句连用时，条件状语从句可置于祈使句前或后。

E.g.:Tellhimtomakeaphonecalltomeifhecomesheretomorrow.

3.祈使句的强调形式：祈使句的强调形式通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do（Do在句中无意义）。

E.g.:Doshutup!

单项选择

1.TheTVistooloud.Please______.

A.turnitdownB.toturnitdownC.turndownitD.toturndownit

2.______lateagain,Bill!

A.Don’ttobeB.Don’tbeC.NotbeD.Benot

3.______crosstheroaduntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.

A.NotB.Won’tC.Doesn’tD.Don’t

4.Pleasehelpmecarryit,______

A.willIB.willyouC.shallID.shallwe

5.Don’tmakesomuchnoise,______

A.willyouB.won’tyouC.shallweD.doyou

6.Doyouknowthegirl______underthetree

A.standB.tostandC.standingD.stood

7.Kate,______yourhomeworkheretomorrow.

A.bringB.bringsC.tobringD.bringing

8.______methetruth,orI’llbeangry.

A.TellingB.TotellC.ToldD.Tell

9.______inandtakeaseat.Ihavesomethingtotellyou.

A.CameB.ComingC.ComeD.Tocome

10.______friendlytothepeoplearoundus.

A.IsB.BeC.BeingD.Are

11.Let’s______gamestogether.

A.toplayB.playsC.playingD.play

12.______Mike.It’stimetogetup.

A.WakeupB.LookupC.PutupD.Turnup

13.It’sraining.______theumbrellawithyouwhenyougoout.

A.BringB.TakeC.PutD.Took

14.---______lateforschoolagain,Tom.

---Sorry,IpromiseIwon’t.

A.Don’tB.Don’tbeC.BeD.Dobe

15.Please______.They’rehavingameeting.

A.notbesonoisyB.bequietC.mustn’ttalkD.nospeaking

答案：1-5AADBA6-10CADCB11-15DABBB

按要求完成句子

1.Youmustgethomeearly.（改为祈使句）

___Gethomeearly._______

2.Wegotothezootogether.（改为祈使句）

__Let’sgotothezootogether._____

3.You’dbetternotsmokehere.（改为祈使句）

___Don’tsmokehere._______

4.Let’sgotothemovies.（改为否定句）

__Let’snotgotothemovies.________

5.Listentothemusic.（改为否定句）

_Don’t_listentothemusic.______________

6.Bepatientwiththechildren.（改为否定句）

__Don’t_bepatientwiththechildren.____________

7.Letthemhelpyou.（改为否定句）

___Letthemnothelpyou._______

8.Don’tbeworriedaboutyourEnglishexam.（改为肯定句）

___BeworriedaboutyourEnglishexam._________

9.来跟我们一起吃午饭吧。（翻译句子）

____Pleasecomeandhavelunchwithus.____

10.我们周末一起去打篮球吧！（翻译句子）

___Let’splaybasketballtogetherthisweekend.________感叹句

概念

感叹句通常有what,how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情。

句型

1.what引导的感叹句：what是感叹名词（短语），中心词必须是名词，名词前可以有冠词限定和形容词

修饰。

具体有三种类型：

①What+a(n)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!

E.g.:Whatabeautifulvoiceshehas!

②What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!

E.g.:Whatkinddoctorstheyare!他们是多好的医生啊!

③What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!

E.g.:Whatfineweatheritistoday!

2.how引导的感叹句：how是感叹副词，用作状语，修饰形容词、副词或动词。

具体有四种类型。

①How+形容词+主语+谓语！

E.g.:Howgenerousyouare!

②How+副词+主语+谓语！

E.g.:Howbeautifullyshedances!她的舞蹈跳得太棒了！

③How+形容词+a(an)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！

E.g.:Howhardworkingastudentheis!他是多么用功的学生啊！

④How+主语+谓语！

E.g.:Howtimeflies!时间过得多快啊!

单项选择

1.______foodyou’vecooked!

A.HowaniceB.WhataniceC.HowniceD.Whatnice

2.______terribleweatherwe’vebeenhavingthesedays!

A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa

3.---Hello,ZhuHua.I’llhavetoreturntoCanadabecauseI’veworkedhereforayear.

---______!

A.WhattimefliesB.HowtimefliesC.WhatdoestimeflyD.Howdoestimefly

4.______!Youshouldtakethischancetoattendit.

A.HowimportantconferenceisitB.Howanimportantconferenceitis

C.WhatanimportantconferenceisitD.Whatanimportantconferenceitis

5.---Whatsportdoyoulikebest

---Springboarddiving.______todiveintowaterfromhighboard!

A.WhatafunisitB.HowfunitisC.HowafunisitD.Whatfunitis

6.______forustosurfontheseainsummer!

A.WhatexcitingisitB.Howexcitingisit

C.WhatexcitingitisD.Howexcitingitis

7.______hegavethatweshouldtakemoreexerciseinoursparetime!

A.WhatagoodadviceB.Howagoodadvice

C.WhatgoodadviceD.Howgoodadvice

8.Wehaven’tseeneachotherformanymonths.______!

A.WhatImissedyouB.WhatdidImissyou

C.HowImissedyouD.HowdidImissyou

9.______itisforustoseethathedoeshisworksowell!

A.WhatsurpriseB.Howsurprise

C.WhatasurpriseD.Howasurprise

10.______theseancientbuildingsinthiscityare!

A.WhatperfectlyprotectedB.Howperfectprotected

C.HowperfectlyprotectedD.Whatperfectprotected

11.Thelittleboycameridingfullspeeddownthemotorwayonhisbicycle.______itwas!

A.WhatadangeroussceneB.Whatdangerousascene

C.HowadangeroussceneD.Howdangerousthescene.

12.Whatafriendlyperson______!Weallliketalkingwithhim.

A.isitB.isheC.itisD.heis

13.______swimminginthisriveris!

A.HowgreatfunB.Whatgreatfun

C.HowagreatfunD.Whatagreatfun

14.______sadnewsitis!Wemusttryourbesttohelpthemoutoftrouble.

A.WhataB.WhatC.HowaD.How

15.______lovelyday!Let’sgoforawalk.

A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa

16._______dangerousitistorideonabusyroad!

A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa

17._______manheis!

A.WhatstrangeaB.Howastrange

C.WhatastrangeD.Whatstrange

18._______thesouptastes!

A.HowgoodB.HowwellC.WhatgoodD.Whatwell

填空

1.__________valuablegiftitis!Itremindsmeofmychildhood.

2.BingDwenDwenisoneofthe2022WinterOlympicmascots(吉祥物).__________lovelyitis!

3.Listen!Mygrandpaisplayingerhu.__________beautifulmusicitis!

4.__________fasttechnologyhasprogressedovertheyears!

5.__________clevergirlKittyis!Shecancomeupwithsomecreativewaystofinishtheproject.

按要求完成句子

1.Theseflowersareverybeautiful.(改为感叹句)

____________________theseflowersare!

2.Thelittleboyisveryclever.(改为感叹句)

____________________thelittleboyis!

3.It’safunnystory.(改为感叹句)

______________________________storyitis!

4.Whatagoodgirlsheis!(改为同义句)

______________________________girlsheis!

5.Howdeliciousthefoodis!(改为同义句)

____________________fooditis!

6.Theyarerunningfast.(改为感叹句)

____________________theyarerunning!

7.Hersisterisaverylovelygirl.(改为感叹句)

____________________lovelygirlhersisteris!

____________________hersisteris!

8.Ihavereadaveryinterestingbook.(改为感叹句)

______________________________bookIhaveread!

9.Yourdictionaryisveryuseful.(改为感叹句)

____________________yourdictionaryis!

10.Thechildrenaresinginganddancinghappily.(改为感叹句)

____________________thechildrenaresinginganddancing!

祈使句

定义

1.祈使句以动词原形开头，常常用来表达命令、请求或者建议。

2.它的主语“you"通常省略，并且谓语动词用原形。

3.祈使句的句尾用感叹号或句号，读的时候用降调。

4.表达请求或劝告时，在祈使句前或句末可加上please，以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。

E.g.:Keepoffthegrass!

Puttheboxesinthesmallroom.

肯定句式

祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型：

行为动词原形+其他成分。

E.g.:Makesentencesafterthemodel.

Be动词+其他成分（形容词、名词或介词短语等）。

E.g.:Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.

(1)Pleasegivemeahand---__________(invite)myfriendMr.SmithtoYouthTheaterat7:30tonight.

(2)Attention!__________(fill)intheformrightnow,makingsurethateverydetailsuppliedisaccurate.

(3)Ifyou’retosucceed,__________(devote)tothejobafterfindingtheproperwaytodoit.

Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分

(1)带有第一人称主语的祈使句通常以Let开头。

(2)其结构为：Let+me/us+谓语动词原形或Let”s+谓语（动词原形）+其它。

(3)注意：Letus不包括说话者，而Let’s则包括说话者。

(4)Let’s......结构构成反意疑问句，附加问句用“shallwe”，其余都用“willyou”。

E.g.:Lethimgobacknow.

(1)Let’stakeataxitosavetime,__________we

(2)Weforgottobringourtickets,butpleaseletusenter,__________you

否定句式

祈使句的否定句式，通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never，一般分为以下四种类型：

在祈使句的肯定句式前加Don’t，构成“Don’t+行为动词原形+其他成分"。

E.g.:Don’tsaythatagain!

在Be动词引起的肯定祈使句前加Don’t，构成“Don’tbe+其他成分（形容词、名词或介词短语等）”。

E.g.:Don’tbecareless.

Let引起的祈使句的否定形式有两种：Let开头的祈使句，如果后面跟第一、第三人称名词或代词的宾

格，可在Let前加Don’t，也可在Let后宾格的名词或代词后面加not。如果以Let’s开头的祈使句，必

须在Let’s后加not。

E.g.:Don’tletmegowithhertomorrow.＝Letmenotgowithhertomorrow.

Let’snottellherthetruthwheneverwemeether.

在公共场合的提示语中，否定祈使句常用“No＋名词/V-ing形式"结构，表示“禁止做某事”。

E.g.:NOPHOTOS!禁止拍照！

(1)__________(speak)withyourmouthfulloffood.Itisbadmannerstodothat.

(2)Don’tdrinkwhenyoudriveacar,__________you

祈使句的回答

祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或won’t。在回答具有否

定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：一是“形式一致”，即Yes与will保持一致；No与won’t保持一致。

二是“意思相反”，即Yes是“不"的意思；No是“是”的意思。在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中

所提供的条件。

E.g.:---Don’tgoout,please.It’srainingheavilyoutside.

---Yes,Iwill.Ihavetomeetmybrotherattheairport.

祈使句的其他结构

1.祈使句后接陈述句时，须用连接词连接。如果祈使句与陈述句表示的是一种顺承关系时，要用并列连

词and来连接；如果祈使句与陈述句存在一种否定条件关系时，要用并列连词or来连接。

E.g.:LeaveitwithmeandIwillseewhatIcando.

Hurryup,orwe’llbelate.

(1)Don’tbediscouraged.__________(take)thingsastheyareandyouwillenjoyeverydayofyourlife.

(2)Startoutrightaway,________you’llmissthefirsttrain.

(3)Let’skeeptothepointorwe

____(neverreach)anydecisions.

(4)Anotherhour__________wewillcompletethetasksenttous.

(5)__________(search)thewebsiteoftheFireDepartmentinyourcity,youwilllearnalotaboutfirefighting.

2.祈使句与条件状语从句的连用：祈使句与条件状语从句连用时，条件状语从句可置于祈使句前或后。

E.g.:Tellhimtomakeaphonecalltomeifhecomesheretomorrow.

3.祈使句的强调形式：祈使句的强调形式通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do（Do在句中无意义）。

E.g.:Doshutup!

单项选择

1.TheTVis