2024-2025学年福建省厦门市高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建省厦门市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACorinthCanal&AdriaticExplorer7NIGHTSDEPARTING7THJULY&4THAUGUST2025DiscoverthehiddentreasuresoftheAdriaticindetailonasmall-shipcruise(游轮)onboardMSCaledonianSky.DiscoverhistoriccitieslikeDubrovnik,KotorandAthens.Engageyourselfinlocalculturewithinformativeguidedtoursandvisitstohistoriclocations.Enjoylocaldishesandappreciatephenomenalwilderness.KrkaNationalPark-InsiderExperienceHeadtobeautifulKrkaNationalParktoexploreitsdramaticwaterfalls.Takeawalkalongwoodenbridgestoadmirethefalls,andloseyourselfinthepark’srichplantsandanimals.PeacefulWalkThroughKorčulaArriveinKorčula,thebirthplaceofMarcoPolo,andenjoysometimeatyourownpacetoexploreitsfascinatingstreetsorperhapsjoinanoptionaltour.PicturesqueCruiseThroughKotorBayCruisethroughthebreathtakingfjord(峡湾)whichisaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,sailingpasthighcliffsandcharmingvillagesdottedalongtheshore.CorinthCanalTransitYourshipwilljourneythroughthefamousCorinthCanal,whichisjust21.3metreswide.Unlikeothercruisingopportunities,thisisn’taboutwatchingthecountrysidepassyouby—you’llbecloselyhuggedbygrand,toweringcanalwallseithersideofyou-afantasticreminderthatyoureallyareonboardasmallership.EXCLUSIVESAVINGSOFUPTO50%ONLYAVAILABLEWITHREADEROFFERSYOUREXCLUSIVEREADEROFFERSFARESFROMSTATEROOM/SUITEFULLFARE(Perperson)SALEFARE(Perperson)StandardSuite£1,295£1,989SuperiorSuite£4,540£2,269OTHERDATESAREAVAILABLE—PLEASECALL08082580251FORDETAILS1.Whichplaceofferstheviewofcoastalvillages?A.KrkaNationalPark. B.Korčula. C.KotorBay. D.CorinthCanal.2.Howmuchdoacouplepayforasuperiorsuitewithreaderoffers?A.£1,989. B.£2,269. C.£4,538. D.£4,540.3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Topromoteacruisetour. B.Tosharelocalcuisines.C.Toadvertisehistoricsites. D.Toreportonanadventure.【答案】1.C2.C3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2025年7月7日和8月4日出发的7晚游轮之旅。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据PicturesqueCruiseThroughKotorBay部分中“Cruisethroughthebreathtakingfjord(峡湾)whichisaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,sailingpasthighcliffsandcharmingvillagesdottedalongtheshore.(乘船游览令人叹为观止的峡湾，这是联合国教科文组织世界遗产，航行经过高耸的悬崖和点缀在岸边的迷人村庄)”可知，在科托尔湾(KotorBay)可以看到沿海村庄的景色。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据表格中SuperiorSuite对应的“SALEFARE(Perperson)£2,269(优惠价（每人）2269英镑)”可知，读者优惠后每人的价格是2269英镑，那么一对夫妇的费用是2269×2=4538英镑。故选C项。【3题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，结合文章后面部分中“EXCLUSIVESAVINGSOFUPTO50%ONLYAVAILABLEWITHREADEROFFERS(读者专属高达50%的独家优惠)”以及“OTHERDATESAREAVAILABLE—PLEASECALL08082580251FORDETAILS(还有其他日期可供选择——详情请致电08082580251)”等内容可知，文章通过介绍游轮之旅的行程、景点、优惠等信息，目的是吸引人们参加这次游轮游，即推广一次游轮之旅。故选A项。BSanaJaveriKadri’sgroundbreakingeffortstochangetheglobalspiceindustrystartedwithonesmallaction.Shetookaimatgoldenmilklattes.In2016,JaveriKadriwasworkinginmarketingforalargeSanFranciscogrocerystorewhenshenoticedthefashionsweepingAmerica’scoffeeshops.Sheknewthedrink’skeyingredient,powderedturmeric(姜黄粉),grewmostlyinhernativeIndia.Butunlikeexistingvarietiesoffarm-to-tablecoffee,chocolate,orfruit,therewaslittletransparency(透明度)intothesupplychain.WhenshereturnedtoMumbaiearlythefollowingyear,JaveriKadriinvestigatedandrealizedtwothings.SomeregenerativefarmersinIndiauseddistinctgrowingandprocessingtechniquesthatresultedinvarietiesfarbetterthananythingshe’dseenacrossMumbaiandCalifornia.Andyetnofarmersseemedtobeprofitingfromturmeric’snewfoundfashionamongwellnessseekers.Soshedecidedtoreinventthesupplychain.JaveriKadriputintheonlymoneyshehad—about$3,000—tobuythefreshestturmericshecouldfindandbringittoCalifornia.“Iwashand-packingitinmybasementandthensellingitontheinternet,”sheremembers.ThankstoatalentforInstagrammarketingandafewkeycontactsinthefoodworld,thebusinesstookoff.TodayJaveriKadri’sDiasporaCo.offers41spicessourcedfromIndiaandSriLanka.Unliketraditionalspicecompanies,Diasporadealsdirectlywithmorethan150farms,reachingthousandsoffarm-workerswhilepayingthem,onaverage,fourtimesthemarketprice.Thehigh-qualityproductallowsthecompanytochargeanextrafee,whichhasledtomorefundsinitsfarmpartners.“Becausewe’resourcingfromSouthAsia,Ithinkthere’saveryproblematicassumptionthatitshouldbecheap,”shesays.“That’sbasicallytheeffectsofcolonialism(殖民主义)andracism,wherewe’redevaluingthislaborandwe’redevaluingtheworthofthisproduct.”4.Whatdoweknowaboutturmericinparagraph1?A.ItisnativetoSanFrancisco. B.Itissoldingrocerystore.C.Itisafarm-to-tableproduct. D.Itiskeytogoldenmilklattes.5.WhatledJaveriKadritoreinventthesupplychain?A.Theoutdatedfarmingskills. B.Theweaksalesofturmeric.C.Hereagernesstoseekwellness. D.Farmers’missingoutonprofits.6.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.HowJaveriKadrigrewfreshturmeric. B.HowJaveriKadri’sbusinesssucceeded.C.HowJaveriKadriusedonlinemarketing. D.HowJaveriKadri’sinfluencewasexpanded.7.WhydoesJaveriKadrimention“colonialismandracism”inparagraph4?A.Toreviewthehistoryofspiceindustry. B.Toexplainthepricingprincipleofspice.C.Tointroducetheoriginofspicevarieties. D.Toindicatetheunfairnessofspicetrade.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了SanaJaveriKadri发现姜黄供应链问题后重塑供应链，其公司直接与农场合作，付高薪，助力农民获利，对抗殖民主义和种族主义影响。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Shetookaimatgoldenmilklattes.In2016,JaveriKadriwasworkinginmarketingforalargeSanFranciscogrocerystorewhenshenoticedthefashionsweepingAmerica’scoffeeshops.Sheknewthedrink’skeyingredient,powderedturmeric(姜黄粉),grewmostlyinhernativeIndia.(她将目标锁定在了金奶拿铁咖啡上。2016年，贾维里·卡德里在旧金山一家大型杂货店从事市场营销工作时，注意到这种时尚饮品正在席卷美国的咖啡馆。她知道这种饮品的主要成分——姜黄粉，主要产自她的祖国印度)”可知，姜黄是金奶拿铁的重要成分。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Andyetnofarmersseemedtobeprofitingfromturmeric’snewfoundfashionamongwellnessseekers.Soshedecidedtoreinventthesupplychain.(然而，似乎没有哪位农民能从这种在健康追求者中流行起来的姜黄粉中获利。于是，她决定重新构建供应链)”可知，贾维里·卡德里对供应链进行重新改造是因为农民们未能获得应有的利润。故选D。【6题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“JaveriKadriputintheonlymoneyshehad—about$3,000—tobuythefreshestturmericshecouldfindandbringittoCalifornia.“Iwashand-packingitinmybasementandthensellingitontheinternet,”sheremembers.ThankstoatalentforInstagrammarketingandafewkeycontactsinthefoodworld,thebusinesstookoff.(贾维里·卡德里拿出她仅有的那点钱——约3000美元——购买了她能找到的最新鲜的姜黄，并将其运往加利福尼亚。她回忆道：“我在地下室亲手包装这些姜黄，然后在网上销售。”多亏了她在Instagram上的营销才能以及食品界的一些关键人脉，她的生意就此蓬勃发展起来)”可知，第三段主要讲的是贾维里·卡德里的企业是如何取得成功的。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Unliketraditionalspicecompanies,Diasporadealsdirectlywithmorethan150farms,reachingthousandsoffarm-workerswhilepayingthem,onaverage,fourtimesthemarketprice.Thehigh-qualityproductallowsthecompanytochargeanextrafee,whichhasledtomorefundsinitsfarmpartners.“Becausewe’resourcingfromSouthAsia,Ithinkthere’saveryproblematicassumptionthatitshouldbecheap,”shesays.“That’sbasicallytheeffectsofcolonialism(殖民主义)andracism,wherewe’redevaluingthislaborandwe’redevaluingtheworthofthisproduct.”(与传统的香料公司不同，迪亚斯帕罗公司直接与超过150家农场建立合作关系，为数千名农场工人提供了就业机会，并且支付的工资平均是市场价的四倍。高品质的产品使该公司能够收取额外费用，这也为其农场合作伙伴带来了更多资金。“因为我们是从南亚采购的，所以我认为有一种非常有问题的假设认为其价格应该很低。”她说，“这基本上就是殖民主义和种族主义的影响，我们贬低了这种劳动的价值，也贬低了这种产品的价值。”)”可知，提及“殖民主义和种族主义”是为了表明香料贸易的不公正性。故选D。CPicturearobot.Whatdoyousee?Astony,steelmachinebuilttobestrongerthanlivingbeings?Unfortunately,thisqualitynowthreatenstofloodtheplanetine-waste.Whatif,ourmachinesweredesignedtobreakdownanddisappear—likelifedoes?ForastudyinScienceAdvances,researchersdesignedaroboticarmandacontrollerfromporkgelatinandplantcellulose—materialsstrongenoughtofunctionyeteasyenoughtodegrade(降解).Aftertesting,bothstructuresbrokedowninsoilwithinweeks.Biodegradableroboticsoftenfallsundertheumbrellaofsoftrobotics,whichdrawsinspirationfromnature’screations.PingdongWei,amaterialsscientistatWestlakeUniversity,teamedupwithhisfriendZhuangZhang,aroboticsengineernowatFudanUniversity,toconstructrobotsforthestudy.Weihadbeendrawntorobotics,Zhangrecalls,andraisedtheideaofcreatingarobothimself.“That’swhenIthought,‘Whynotusethematerialsheworkswithtobuildone?’”Theyfirstmadecelluloselayersfromcottonpulp,thenaddedglycerolforflexibilityanddriedthelayersforstrength.Tobuildsensors,theresearchersusedaconductivegelatindrawnoutfrompork,inwhichtheflowofions(离子)changeswhenthematerialisbentorpressed.Theythenfoldedtheflatfilmsandsensorsinto3Dstructures.WeiandZhangfoundthatthecontrollerandroboticarmstooduptobothheavyuseandaweekofinactivity.Finally,theyburiedthembothina20-centimeter-deepholeneartheircampus.Withineightweeksthemachineswerealmostgone.WeiandZhanglookforwardtobotslikethesehandlingwasteandthenbreakingdown;theyalsoexpectrobotsthataidmedicaloperationsandthensafelybreakdowninsidethebody.Butit’simportanttonotethatthetechnologyisinearlystages.“Ifwewanttohaveanenvironmentallyfriendlyrobotthatgoesoutsideinnature,”theresearcherssay,“weneedtothinkofpowersuppliesorbatteriesthatarebiodegradable.”8.Whatistheauthor’sconcerninparagraph1?A.Soilqualitydecreases. B.Machinesendupase-waste.C.Disastersstriketheplanet. D.Robotsthreatenpeople’slives.9.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph3?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bydescribingaprocess.C.Bymakingacomparison. D.Byshowingcauseandeffect.10.Whatmayresearchersconsideraboutfuturerobots?A.Providingtrainingtorobots. B.Ensuringsaferobotbehavior.C.Developingdegradablebatteries. D.Improvingrobots’operationsystem.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.MadeofMetal B.AddedforFlexibility C.DeathbyDesign D.PowerwithaPrice【答案】8.B9.B10.C11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家通过仿生材料设计出可在土壤中快速降解的机器人，为解决电子垃圾问题提供新思路，但可降解能源仍是待突破的关键技术。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Picturearobot.Whatdoyousee?Astony,steelmachinebuilttobestrongerthanlivingbeings?Unfortunately,thisqualitynowthreatenstofloodtheplanetine-waste.(请想象一个机器人的形象。你脑海中浮现的是什么？一个冷冰冰的、由钢铁打造的比生物更强大的机械装置？遗憾的是，这种特性如今正导致电子垃圾在全球泛滥成灾)”可知，作者担心这些机械装置最终成为电子垃圾。故选B项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Theyfirstmadecelluloselayersfromcottonpulp,thenaddedglycerolforflexibilityanddriedthelayersforstrength.Tobuildsensors,theresearchersusedaconductivegelatindrawnoutfrompork,inwhichtheflowofions(离子)changeswhenthematerialisbentorpressed.Theythenfoldedtheflatfilmsandsensorsinto3Dstructures.(研究团队首先以棉浆为原料制作纤维素薄层，随后加入甘油增强柔韧性，并通过干燥工艺提升材料强度。在传感器制造环节，科学家采用从猪肉提取的导电明胶材料——这种物质在弯曲或受压时会产生离子流变化。接着，他们将平面薄膜与传感器组件折叠组装成三维立体结构)”和“Finally,theyburiedthembothina20-centimeter-deepholeneartheircampus.(最终，实验人员将整套设备埋入校园附近20厘米深的土坑中)”可知，该段按时间顺序详细说明机器人的制作和测试流程，属于过程描述。故选B项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中““Ifwewanttohaveanenvironmentallyfriendlyrobotthatgoesoutsideinnature,”theresearcherssay,“weneedtothinkofpowersuppliesorbatteriesthatarebiodegradable.”(“如果我们想拥有一个能够在户外自然环境中运行的环保机器人，”研究人员说道，“我们就需要考虑使用可生物降解的电源或电池。”)”可知，研究人员提出未来需研发可降解的电池。故选C项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Whatif,ourmachinesweredesignedtobreakdownanddisappear—likelifedoes?ForastudyinScienceAdvances,researchersdesignedaroboticarmandacontrollerfromporkgelatinandplantcellulose—materialsstrongenoughtofunctionyeteasyenoughtodegrade(降解).(试想，如果我们的机器也能像生命体一样被设计成可分解消失，那会怎样？在《科学进展》期刊发表的一项研究中，研究人员利用猪肉明胶和植物纤维素材料——这些材料既具备足够强度实现功能，又易于降解——成功研制出了机械臂和控制器)”可知，文章聚焦可生物降解的机器人，介绍了科学家通过仿生材料设计出可在土壤中快速降解的机器人，为解决电子垃圾问题提供新思路，但可降解能源仍是待突破的关键技术。因此，C项“预设的消亡”概括机器人可降解的设计理念，最适合作为文章标题。故选C项。DWhenwrestlingwithamoraldilemma,apersonmayreachadecisionnotonlybythinkingthroughtheproblembutalsobysensingphysicalsignalsfromtheirbody,anewstudysuggests.Thestudysupportstheideathatthesebodilyreactionsformpartofafeedbackloop(反馈循环)thathelpsguidepeopleindecision-making.Previousstudieshavesuggestedthatsidingwiththemajorityinamoraldilemmacouldhelptakesomestressoffthebrain,andthenewstudyseemstoagreewiththatidea.“Recenttheoriessuggestthatourbrainsaredesignedtominimizetheuseofphysicalresourcewhilemaintainingsurvival,”studyco-authorHackjinKimsaid.“Onewaytodothisistolearnothers’expectationstoavoidsocialconflict,”Kimsuggested.Combiningtheseideas,Kimandcolleaguesproposedthatpeoplewhoareawareoftheirbodilyfeedbacksignalsshouldusethatinformationtokeeptheirdecision-makinginlinewithothers’expectations.Intheirstudy,theteamtestedthisassumptionbypresentingparticipantswithmoraldilemmasandaskingthemtochoosebetweentwodecisions—one“utilitarian,”whichprioritized(优先考虑)minimizingharmforthemajority,andone“deontological,”whichprioritizedfollowingestablishedrules.Inaseparatetest,theresearchersaskedtheparticipantstocounttheirheartbeatsoverashortperiodwhiletheparticipants’heartbeatswererecordedwithanelectrocardiogram.Peoplewhoweremoreaccurate(精确的)atcountingtheirheartbeatstendedtochoosethemoraldecisionthatmostotherpeoplechose,theteamfound.Thiswastruewhethermorepeoplechosetheutilitarianordeontologicaloptionforagivenmoraldilemma.Basically,it’seasierfollowthecrowdthanrunagainstthegrain.Infuturework,Kimplanstoinvestigatehowtherelationshipbetweenmoralsenseandawarenessofbodysignalsvariesamongcultures,typesofmoraldilemmasandindividualpersonalitydifferences.Butfornow,Kimsaid,“thisresearchlaysanewtheoreticalframeworkforunderstandingculturalandindividualdifferencesinmoralbehaviorandpredictingrule-followingbehavioringrouporonlinesettings.”12.Whatdoesparagraph2suggest?A.Followingotherslessensmentalstress. B.Makingdecisionssolvessocialdilemmas.C.Brainsworkbestalone. D.Conflictshelpussurvive.13.Whydidtheresearcherscarryoutaseparatetest?A.Tocollectsupportingevidence. B.Tooverturnprevioustheories.C.Tocheckpossiblesolutions. D.Toassessdataaccuracy.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“runagainstthegrain”inparagraph4mean?A.Sidewiththeminority. B.Takethebeatenroad. C.Raceagainsttime. D.Gatherincrops.15.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthestudyinthelastparagraph?A.Itfocusesonphysicalsignals. B.Itbuildsafreshtheoreticalbasis.C.Itexploresculturalvariationswidely. D.Itquestionsexistingmoraltheoriesdirectly.【答案】12.A13.A14.A15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍一项新的研究表明人们在处理道德困境时会受身体信号影响，还发现能准确感知心跳的人更倾向随大流做道德决策，并提及后续研究计划。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Previousstudieshavesuggestedthatsidingwiththemajorityinamoraldilemmacouldhelptakesomestressoffthebrain,andthenewstudyseemstoagreewiththatidea.(先前的研究表明，在道德困境中站在多数人一边有助于减轻大脑的压力，这项新研究似乎也认同这一观点)”可知，站在多数人一边，跟随他人能减轻精神压力。故选A项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Combiningtheseideas,Kimandcolleaguesproposedthatpeoplewhoareawareoftheirbodilyfeedbacksignalsshouldusethatinformationtokeeptheirdecision-makinginlinewithothers’expectations.(结合这些观点，金和他的同事提出，意识到自己身体反馈信号的人应该利用这些信息，使自己的决策符合他人的期望)”和第三段中“Intheirstudy,theteamtestedthisassumptionbypresentingparticipantswithmoraldilemmasandaskingthemtochoosebetweentwodecisions—one“utilitarian,”whichprioritized(优先考虑)minimizingharmforthemajority,andone“deontological,”whichprioritizedfollowingestablishedrules.Inaseparatetest,theresearchersaskedtheparticipantstocounttheirheartbeatsoverashortperiodwhiletheparticipants’heartbeatswererecordedwithanelectrocardiogram.(在他们的研究中，研究小组通过向参与者提出道德困境来测试这一假设，并要求他们在两个决定之间做出选择——一个是“功利主义的”，优先考虑减少对大多数人的伤害，另一个是“道义论的”，优先考虑遵守既定规则。在另一项测试中，研究人员要求参与者在短时间内数自己的心跳，同时用心电图记录参与者的心跳)”可推知，研究人员进行独立的测试是为了收集支持假设的证据。故选A项。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Peoplewhoweremoreaccurate(精确的)atcountingtheirheartbeatstendedtochoosethemoraldecisionthatmostotherpeoplechose,theteamfound.Thiswastruewhethermorepeoplechosetheutilitarianordeontologicaloptionforagivenmoraldilemma.Basically,it’seasierfollowthecrowdthanrunagainstthegrain.(研究小组发现，那些在数心跳时更准确的人倾向于选择大多数其他人选择的道德决定。无论更多的人选择功利主义还是道义论来解决某个道德困境，情况都是如此。基本上，随大流比runagainstthegrain更容易)”可知，划线短语所在句中前后形成对比，“followthecrowd”表示随大流，那么“runagainstthegrain”表示相反的意思，即“和少数人站在一起”。故选A项。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Butfornow,Kimsaid,“thisresearchlaysanewtheoreticalframeworkforunderstandingculturalandindividualdifferencesinmoralbehaviorandpredictingrule-followingbehavioringrouporonlinesettings.”(但就目前而言，金（Kim）表示：“这项研究为理解道德行为中的文化差异和个体差异，以及预测群体或网络环境中的遵规行为，搭建了一个新的理论框架。”)”可知，该研究建立了一个全新的理论基础。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Interruptionsareterribleincommunication—butnotallcomefromthesameplace.“It’spossiblethatsomeone’scuttinginbecausetheyhaveadifficulttimefocusingwithoutspeaking,”saysJeffersonFisher,anauthorofTheNextConversation:ArgueLess,TalkMore.Inthatcase?Letthemgettheirwordsout.___16___Othertimes,yourconversationpartnerwillcutinonpurpose.“Whatthey’resayingis,‘WhatIhavetosayismoreimportantthanwhatyouhavetosay,’”Fisherpointsout.Whatshouldyoudoaboutit?___17___.Justkeeptalking.Thefirsttimesomeonecutsin,continuespeakingasthoughyouhaven’tbeeninterrupted.“Itmightsoundrudetocontinuewhatyou’resaying,butitestablishespower,”saysJamilaMusayeva,anetiquetteexpert.___18___Don’traiseyourvoiceorstarttomumble(小声嘀咕).“You’renotshowingthemthatyou’rebeingcausedbyit,andyou’renotgivingthemtheattentionthey’relookingfor,”shesays.Thatmaybeallittakestoensuretheyallowyoutospeak.___19___Ifthepersoninterruptingyoucontinuestodoso,it’stimetotakeaction.Addresshimbyname:“Namesgetpeople’sattention,”Fishersays.Plus,whenusingthephrasinghesuggests,youactuallymean“It’snotmesayinganythingaboutyou.It’smesayingitaboutme:‘Ican’thearyou.’”That,he’sfound,usuallyputsanendtotheinterruptions.“MayIfinish?”Peopleoftenmakethemistakeofapologizingwhenthey’retheonesbeinginterrupted:___20___Avoidthat—youdidn’tdoanythingwrong,saysElisePowers,whorunsaglobalcommunicationstrainingfirm.Instead,shesuggestsaskingifyoucanfinishwhatyouweresaying.“Doitinaconfidentway,wherealmostnooneisgoingtosay‘No,youmaynotfinish,’”shesays.A.“Sorry,canIcontinue?”B.Theydon’tmeananyharm.C.Thekeyismaintainingthesametone.D.“John,I’llturnitovertoyouwhenIfinish.”E.“Bob,Ican’thearyouwhenyouinterruptme.”F.You’llfinishyourthought,andthentheycansharetheirs.G.Weaskedexpertsexactlywhattosaywhensomeoneinterruptsyou.【答案】16.F17.G18.C19.E20.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了交流中打断他人情况不同，专家建议：首次被打断可继续说，保持语气；若持续打断，可叫其名字并表明自己讲完再让对方说，或自信询问能否讲完。【16题详析】根据上文“Interruptionsareterribleincommunication—butnotallcomefromthesameplace.“It’spossiblethatsomeone’scuttinginbecausetheyhaveadifficulttimefocusingwithoutspeaking,”saysJeffersonFisher,anauthorofTheNextConversation:ArgueLess,TalkMore.Inthatcase?Letthemgettheirwordsout.(在交流过程中，打断他人的情况十分糟糕——但并非所有的打断都出自同一原因。《下一次的对话：少争论，多交流》一书的作者杰斐逊·费希尔表示：“可能有人打断是因为他们难以在不说话的情况下集中注意力。”在这种情况下呢？就让他们把话说完吧)”可知，前文提到有人打断是因为难以在不说话的情况下集中注意力，此处应说明应对方式，F项“你说完自己的想法，然后他们可以分享他们的”符合逻辑，允许对方说完后自己继续，衔接自然。故选F。【17题详析】根据上文“Whatshouldyoudoaboutit?(你对此应该怎么办？)”可知，前文提出“该怎么办”的疑问，后文是专家给出的具体建议，本句承上启下，引出下文内容。故G选项“我们向专家询问了当有人打断你时应该怎样回应”符合语境，故选G。【18题详析】根据后文“Don’traiseyourvoiceorstarttomumble(小声嘀咕).(不要提高嗓门或开始小声嘀咕)”可知，后文提到“不要提高声音或小声嘀咕”，强调保持语气的重要性，本句是对这一做法的总结，故C选项“关键在于保持同样的语气”符合语境，故选C。【19题详析】根据本段内容“Ifthepersoninterruptingyoucontinuestodoso,it’stimetotakeaction.Addresshimbyname:“Namesgetpeople’sattention,”Fishersays.Plus,whenusingthephrasinghesuggests,youactuallymean“It’snotmesayinganythingaboutyou.It’smesayingitaboutme:‘Ican’thearyou.’”That,he’sfound,usuallyputsanendtotheinterruptions.(如果打断你的人继续这样做，那就该采取行动了。要直呼其名来指代对方：“名字能引起他人的注意”，费希尔说道。此外，按照他所建议的措辞来表达时，实际上你是在说“不是我在说关于你的那些话，而是我在说关于自己的那些话：‘我听不到你说话了。’”他发现，这样通常就能制止这种打断行为)”可知，此空为小标题，应概括该段内容。段中提到称呼对方名字并使用“我听不见你说话”的表述，故E选项“鲍勃，你打断我时我听不清你说的话。”符合语境，故选E。【20题详析】根据上文“Peopleoftenmakethemistakeofapologizingwhenthey’retheonesbeinginterrupted(人们常常会犯这样的错误：当自己正要发言却被打断时，却还去道歉)”以及后文“Avoidthat—youdidn’tdoanythingwrong,saysElisePowers,whorunsaglobalcommunicationstrainingfirm.(“别那样做——你并没有做错什么，”埃莉斯·鲍尔斯说道。她经营着一家全球性的沟通培训公司)”可知，前文指出被打断时道歉是错误的，本句对此错误做法进行举例，与后文“避免这样做——你没做错什么”呼应，故A选项“不好意思，我可以继续吗？”符合语境，故选A。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Graduationceremoniesareoftenfilledwithproudfamilies,smilingseniorsandwordsofencouragement.ButatMansfieldISD’sSummitHighSchool,theClassof2025receivedsomething____21____—apersonalletterfromtheirheadmaster.HeadmasterJasonMuttererwentaboveandbeyondbypersonallywriting443____22____letterswithspecificthanks.Alongwitheachnote,he____23____asingledollarbill,symbolizingthepowerofeventhesmallestactsof____24____.Theletterstookhimmorethan24hoursto____25____,buttoMutterer,itwastimewellspent.Hisgoal:toshowhisstudentsthatindividualkindness____26____,andthattogether,443random(随机的)actsofkindnesscanstartarippleeffect(涟漪效应)andcreate___27___changeintheworld.Mutterer____28____hisseniorsduringtheschool’sgraduationceremony,callingitanabsolutehonorto____29____thisexcellentclass.Muttererwantedto____30____themwithsomething.“Insidethatletter,there’sasingledollarbill,”Mutterersaid.“Itmightseem____31____,butif443kidsaredoingrandomactsofkindnesseveryday,ithasahuge____32____.”“Hemadeeveryoneofusfeelseenandloved,”saidonestudentafterthegraduationceremony.“Hopefullywegetto____33____thekindnessonedayandmakeotherpeoplefeelimportantandappreciated.”Mutterer’sparting____34____tohisstudentswasmorethanagoodbye.Itwasa____35____:togooutintotheworldandpayitforward.21.A.strange B.expensive C.extra D.average22.A.fancy B.typical C.welcoming D.heartfelt23.A.included B.exchanged C.required D.found24.A.courage B.kindness C.generosity D.faith25.A.mail B.answer C.present D.complete26.A.changes B.matters C.exists D.appears27.A.sudden B.meaningful C.slight D.rapid28.A.addressed B.informed C.interviewed D.comforted29.A.save B.plan C.serve D.attend30.A.leave B.charge C.compare D.replace31.A.invaluable B.insignificant C.inaccessible D.illegal32.A.shock B.issue C.impact D.relief33.A.makeout B.talkabout C.trackdown D.passon34.A.gift B.hug C.wave D.question35.A.burden B.reason C.challenge D.competition【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.D26.B27.B28.A29.C30.A31.B32.C33.D34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了MansfieldISD的Summit高中校长JasonMutterer在毕业典礼上给每位毕业生写了一封充满心意的信，并附上一张一美元纸币，以此鼓励学生们传递善意，创造有意义的影响。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在MansfieldISD的Summit高中，2025届的毕业生收到了一些额外的礼物——校长给他们的亲笔信。A.strange奇怪的；B.expensive昂贵的；C.extra额外的，附加的；D.average平均的。根据前文“Graduationceremoniesareoftenfilledwithproudfamilies,smilingseniorsandwordsofencouragement.”和后文“apersonalletterfromtheirheadmaster”可知，Summit高中2025届毕业生的毕业典礼上除了有常规的东西外，还收到了校长给他们的亲笔信，这是一份额外的礼物。故选C项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：校长JasonMutterer不遗余力，亲自写了443封真挚的感谢信，每一封都表达了具体谢意。A.fancy花哨的；B.typical典型的；C.welcoming欢迎的；D.heartfelt衷心的，真挚的。根据常识和后文“letterswithspecificthanks”可推知，校长写给学生们的信充满真挚的感谢。故选D项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随信还包含一张一美元钞票，象征着即使是最微小的善举也有力量。A.included包括，包含；B.exchanged交换；C.required要求；D.found发现。根据前文“Alongwitheachnote”可知，美元纸币是随信附上的，也就是包含一张一美元钞票。故选A项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随信还包含一张一美元钞票，象征着即使是最微小的善举也有力量。A.courage勇气；B.kindness善意，善举；C.generosity慷慨；D.faith信仰。根据后文“443random(随机的)actsofkindness”可知，此处指的是善举。故选B项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些信花了他超过24小时才完成，但对Mutterer来说，这时间是值得花的。A.mail邮寄；B.answer回答；C.present呈现；D.complete完成。根据前文“Theletterstookhimmorethan24hours”可知，此处指写这些信花了他超过24小时才完成。故选D项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的目标：向他的学生们表明，个人的善举很重要，443次随机的善举可以产生涟漪效应，并在世界上创造有意义的变化。A.changes改变；B.matters重要；C.exists存在；D.appears出现。根据后文“443random(随机的)actsofkindnesscanstartarippleeffect”可知，校长想通过写信告诉学生们个人的善举很重要，可以产生涟漪效应。故选B项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的目标：向他的学生们表明，个人的善举很重要，443次随机的善举可以产生涟漪效应，并在世界上创造有意义的变化。A.sudden突然的；B.meaningful有意义的；C.slight轻微的；D.rapid快速的。根据前文“443random(随机的)actsofkindnesscanstartarippleeffect”可知，443次随机的善举可以产生涟漪效应，从而在世界上创造有意义的变化。故选B项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mutterer在学校毕业典礼上向毕业生们发表讲话，称能够为这个优秀的集体服务是一种绝对的荣誉。A.addressed向……发表讲话；B.informed通知；C.interviewed采访；D.comforted安慰。根据常识和后文“hisseniorsduringtheschool’sgraduationceremony”可知，校长要在毕业典礼上向毕业生们发表讲话。故选A项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mutterer在学校毕业典礼上向毕业生们发表讲话，称能够为这个优秀的集体服务是一种绝对的荣誉。A.save拯救；B.plan计划；C.serve服务；D.attend参加。根据前文“anabsolutehonor”可推知，校长把为这个优秀的集体服务视为一种荣誉。故选C项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mutterer想给他们留下一些东西。A.leave留下；B.charge收费；C.compare比较；D.replace代替。根据后文校长的话“Insidethatletter,there’sasingledollarbill”和“butif443kidsaredoingrandomactsofkindnesseveryday,ithasahuge.”可推知，校长想通过这一美元传递给学生们一些观念，即想给他们留下一些东西。故选A项。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这似乎微不足道，但如果443个孩子每天都在做随机的善举，那就会产生巨大的影响。A.invaluable无价的；B.insignificant微不足道的；C.inaccessible难以达到的；D.illegal非法的。根据后文“butif443kidsaredoingrandomactsofkindnesseveryday,ithasahuge.”可知，前后句为转折关系，前文指一美元似乎微不足道。故选B项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这似乎微不足道，但如果443个孩子每天都在做随机的善举，那就会产生巨大的影响。A.shock震惊；B.issue问题；C.impact影响；D.relief宽慰。根据前文“if443kidsaredoingrandomactsofkindnesseveryday”可推知，如果443个孩子每天都在做随机的善举，那就会产生巨大的影响。故选C项。【33题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：希望有一天我们能把这份善意传递下去，让别人感到自己很重要，受到重视。A.makeout辨认出；B.talkabout谈论；C.trackdown追踪；D.passon传递。根据后文“thekindnessonedayandmakeotherpeoplefeelimportantandappreciated”可知，此处指把这份善意传递下去并影响其他人。故选D项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mutterer给学生的临别礼物不仅仅是一句再见。A.gift礼物；B.hug拥抱；C.wave挥手；D.question问题。根据前文“ButatMansfieldISD’sSummitHighSchool,theClassof2025receivedsomething

—apersonalletterfromtheirhea