2024-2025学年广东省广州市八区联考高二下学期期末英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省广州市八区联考2024-2025学年高二下学期期末英语试卷第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C.D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADoyouloveoutdooradventures?Doyouwanttolearnhowtosavelivesinthewildwithlimitedresources?JoinourcoursesonJuly1,andyoucanearnanationallyrecognizedWildernessFirstAidcertificate.CourseHighlightsFrombasichealthcheckstodealingwithseriousinjuries,we’vegotyoucoveredonallthecommonmedicalemergenciesyoumightfaceinthewild.You’lllearnhowtotreatpeopleevenwhenresourcesarelimited,keepeveryonesafefromcommonillnessesandinjuries,andgettipsfromexperiencedinstructorswithreal-lifestories.CourseContentCourse1:*Identifyandtreatcommoninjuriesandwoundsinthewild.*Learnhowtomanagechest,belly,hips,andheadinjuries.Course2:*Understandtheuniquenessofwildernessmedicineandscenesafetyconcepts.*Learnbasicpatientassessment,physicalexamination,andgatheressentialphysicalinformationwiththeSAMPLEmethod.Course3:*Learntomanageanimalbites,stings,andtemperature-relatedemergencies.*Understandwhykeepingcampcleanisimportantandpractisehowtosafelyleaveinanemergency.Course4:*Exploreandlearnhowtotreatconditionsinvolvingtheheart,lungs,brain,andotherorgans,anddecidewhenemergencyrescueisrequired.*Masterpreventivemeasurestoreducetheriskofdiseasesinthewilderness.CourseFeesTypePriceDetailsIndividual$200FreedigitalemergencyhandbookGroup$180/personAtleast3participantsExclusiveteamrescuedrillsCorporate$1200intotal8to15participantsFlexibletrainingscheduleEarlyBirdOffer:20%offbeforeJune15!Contact:400-123-45671.Whatisonekeyfeatureofthecourses?A.Comprehensivecoverage. B.Clienttailoredtraining.C.Varioushands-onactivities. D.Interestinginteractions.2.Whichcoursefocusesonenvironmentalemergencies?A.Course1. B.Course2. C.Course3. D.Course3.Howmuchshouldaten-personcompanypayifitregistersonJune1?A.$1600. B.$1440. C.$1200. D.$960.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了7月1日开设的野外急救课程，包括课程亮点、内容、费用及联系方式等信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据CourseHighlights中“Frombasichealthcheckstodealingwithseriousinjuries,we’vegotyoucoveredonallthecommonmedicalemergenciesyoumightfaceinthewild.(从基本健康检查到处理严重伤害，我们涵盖了你在野外可能遇到的所有常见医疗紧急情况)”可知，课程的一个主要特点是覆盖全面，故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Course3中“Learntomanageanimalbites,stings,andtemperature-relatedemergencies.(学习处理动物咬伤、蜇伤和与温度相关的紧急情况)”可知，Course3涉及与环境相关的紧急情况，故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据CourseFees中“Corporate$1200intotal;8to15participants(企业团体：总计1200美元；8至15人)”和“EarlyBirdOffer:20%offbeforeJune15!(早鸟优惠：6月15日前报名可享8折！)”可知，10人公司在6月1日报名，费用为1200×(1-20%)=960美元，故选D。BWhilemanyartistsfearAI’sgrowingroleincreativefields,Canadian-ChineseartistMichelleLeeseesitasanewwayofreimaginingart.ThroughhergroundbreakingDOUGrobotseries,Leetransformstechnicalerrorsandunpredictablemachinebehaviorintocollaborative(合作的)artistry,provingAIcanenhance—notreplace—humancreativity.Lee’sjourneybeganin2015,withDOUG1,arobotdesignedtocopyherbrushstrokes.Insteadofperfectcopies,itsshakylines,unevenmarksbecamecelebratedfeatures.“Poeticizingerrortaughtmethatmistakescanlightennewideas,”shesays.In2017,DOUG2wastrainedonLee’spastartworks,andthisAI-poweredrobotgeneratedoriginalpaintings.AtaLondonexhibit,Leeco-signedpiecesas“Lee-DOUG2,”symbolizingjointauthorship.Later,DOUG3usedNewYorkCitystreetcameradata,trackingtrafficandcrowds,toguiderobotmovements,turningcityrhythmsintodynamicpictures.By2024,DOUG4translatedLee’sbrainwavesintobrushstrokes.Relaxedstatesproducedflowingpatterns;focusedmomentscreatedsharpdigitallines.AtDavos2025,thesixroboticarmspaintedliveusingherbrainactivity,paintingtheSwissAlpswithChineseink.AlbertHu,anarchitectattheCityCollegeofNewYorkwhohasstudiedthewaysthathumansandmachinesinfluenceeachother’sactionsandbehaviors,seesLee’sworkasofferingadifferentstoryabouthuman-machineinteractions.“WeoftengetstuckinthismindsetofAIcompetingwithhumans,andwhichone’sbetter,”hesays.“AIisoftencharacterizedinthemediaandmoviesasenemytohuman—somethingthatcanreplaceusor,evenworse,becomedestructive.InLee’sworks,Ithink,it’snolongeraboutcompetition,butco-production.”AsgenerativeAIraisesconcernsaboutstolenartwork,Leesaid,“Artificialintelligencereliesonhumandata,shapedbyhumanpreference,anditimpactshumanexperiencesinturn.Behindthesetechnologies,there’salotofworkandstuffthatgoesintomakingthem.Artisaplacewherewecanlookintoandshowwho’sreallyincharge.”4.Whatisthemainfocusofthetext?A.ImpactofgenerativeAIonart. B.CooperationofhumanandAIinart.C.DevelopmentofAIartcreativity. D.Relationshipbetweenartistsandrobots.5.WhatdidLeegainfromDOUG1?A.Itserrorsinfluencedherchoiceofartsources.B.Itsmovementsinspiredherenthusiasmforart.C.Itscopieschangedherwaytotrainlaterrobots.D.Itsoutcomestransformedherviewoftherobots’role.6.WhatdoesAlbertHuthinkofLee’swork?A.ItrestrictsthetraditionalmindsetofAI.B.Itpredictsthetrendforco-workwithAI.C.ItchallengesthepreviousviewofAIandhuman.D.Itconfirmsthedirectionoffutureartdevelopment.7.WhatdoesLee’swordsimplyinthelastparagraph?A.AIremainshuman-driven. B.AIisapreferredpartner.C.AIisessentialforfutureart. D.AIworksasareliabletool.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了加拿大华裔艺术家MichelleLee通过DOUG机器人系列展现人机合作的艺术创作。【4题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“WhilemanyartistsfearAI’sgrowingroleincreativefields,Canadian-ChineseartistMichelleLeeseesitasanewwayofreimaginingart.ThroughhergroundbreakingDOUGrobotseries,Leetransformstechnicalerrorsandunpredictablemachinebehaviorintocollaborative（合作的）artistry,provingAIcanenhance—notreplace—humancreativity.(尽管许多艺术家担心人工智能在创意领域的作用日益增强，但加拿大华裔艺术家MichelleLee却将其视为重新想象艺术的新方式。通过她开创性的DOUG机器人系列，Lee将技术错误和不可预测的机器行为转化为合作的艺术，证明了人工智能可以增强——而不是取代——人类的创造力。)”可知，文章主要聚焦于人机合作在艺术创作中的应用。故选B。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Lee’sjourneybeganin2015,withDOUG1,arobotdesignedtocopyherbrushstrokes.Insteadofperfectcopies,itsshakylines,unevenmarksbecamecelebratedfeatures.“Poeticizingerrortaughtmethatmistakescanlightennewideas,”shesays.(Lee的旅程始于2015年，她设计了一个名为DOUG1的机器人，旨在模仿她的笔触。然而，这个机器人画出的并不是完美的复制品，而是颤抖的线条和不均匀的痕迹，这些却成了备受赞誉的特点。她说：“将错误诗意化让我明白，错误可以激发新的想法。”)”可知，DOUG1产生的不完美结果（如颤抖的线条、不均匀的痕迹）让李认识到技术误差的艺术价值，改变了她对机器人在创作中角色的认知，从单纯复制工具转变为能激发创意的合作伙伴。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段“AlbertHu,anarchitectattheCityCollegeofNewYorkwhohasstudiedthewaysthathumansandmachinesinfluenceeachother’sactionsandbehaviors,seesLee’sworkasofferingadifferentstoryabouthuman-machineinteractions.“WeoftengetstuckinthismindsetofAIcompetingwithhumans,andwhichone’sbetter,”hesays.“AIisoftencharacterizedinthemediaandmoviesasenemytohuman—somethingthatcanreplaceusor,evenworse,becomedestructive.InLee’sworks,Ithink,it’snolongeraboutcompetition,butco-production.”(纽约城市学院建筑师AlbertHu研究了人类和机器如何相互影响彼此的行为，他认为Lee的作品为人机交互提供了不同的视角。他说：“我们常常陷入人工智能与人类竞争，以及谁更优秀的思维定势中。在媒体和电影中，人工智能常常被描绘成人类的敌人——能够取代我们，甚至更糟，变得具有破坏性。我认为，在Lee的作品中，这不再是竞争，而是共同创作。”)”可知，AlbertHu认为Lee的作品挑战了之前对人工智能和人类的看法。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“AsgenerativeAIraisesconcernsaboutstolenartwork,Leesaid,“Artificialintelligencereliesonhumandata,shapedbyhumanpreference,anditimpactshumanexperiencesinturn.Behindthesetechnologies,there’salotofworkandstuffthatgoesintomakingthem.Artisaplacewherewecanlookintoandshowwho’sreallyincharge.”(随着生成式人工智能引发了对艺术品被盗的担忧，Lee说：“人工智能依赖于人类数据，这些数据由人类偏好塑造，反过来又影响人类体验。在这些技术背后，有大量的工作和投入。艺术是一个我们可以探究并展示谁真正掌权的地方。”)”可知，Lee的话暗示了人工智能仍然是由人类驱动的。故选A。CHaveyouevertriedrelaxingonasunnybeach,butyourbrain’sstillstuckworrying?That’sbecauseourbraintendstofocusonthebadstuff.Thisiscalled“negativitybias(偏见)”,whichhelpedourancestorshandlepotentialthreatsbutnowoftentrapsusincyclesofoverthinking.PsychologistRickHampsonoffersascience-backedsolutioninhisbookcalledHardwiringHappiness.Heexplainsthatpositivemomentsrarelyleavealastingmarkunlesswedeliberatelyengagewiththem.Thisiswhereneuroplasticity,whichmeansourbraincanchangeandadaptbasedonwhatwedoandthink,comesin.Hampson’sresearch,beginninginthemid-2000s,startedexploringhowtousebrainsciencetocreatelastingpositivechangesinthebrain.Bynoticingandholdingontogoodexperiences,wecanactivateourbrain’srewardcentersandpromotepositivechanges.Althoughthesamplesizewassmallandlackedacontrolgroup,participantsreportedstatisticallyfeelingbetter,withimprovementslastinguptotwomonths.ThentheHEALmethod(Haveagoodexperience,Enrichit,Absorbit,Linkittootherexperiences)wasfinallydeveloped.Researchshowsthatpracticeslikemindfulnessmeditation(冥想)canbelinkedtochangesinbrainstructureandfunction.Meditationandotherthoughtfulpracticescanpromoteneuroplasticity.Hampsonalsopointsoutthatsocialconnectionsandfeelingsafecanreducestress.Hesuggeststhatwhenweslowdownandtakeamomenttofeelclosetofriends,we’rechangingourbrainforthebetter.TherealproofofHampson’sapproachliesindailypractice.Heencouragespeopletoengagein“mentalhygiene”practices,whichcanbemotivatedbyunderstandinghowtheseactivitiesbenefitthebrain.Byaskingourselvesifwe’realittlehappier,wiser,andmorelovingattheendoftheday,wecantakecontrolofourwell-being.Inshort,HardwiringHappinesssyncretizesbrainscienceandpracticaldailyhabits.Forthoseinterestedintransformingtheirwell-beingthroughscience-backedmethods,Hampson’sbookprovidesvaluableinsightsandtechniquesthatcanbeeasilyintegratedintoeverydayroutines.ByexploringHardwiringHappiness,youcandiscovermoreaboutthescienceofhappinessandlearnpracticaltechniquestoenhancewell-being.8.Whatistheoriginalfunctionof“negativitybias”?A.Tohelphumanstosurvive. B.Topromotesocialconnections.C.Toremindpeopleofbadthings. D.Topreventpeopleoverthinking.9.HowdoesHEALmethodworkaccordingtoHampson?A.Byactivatingbrain’scontrolcenters.B.Bystrengtheningpositiveexperiences.C.Byfightingagainstbrain’snegativitybias.D.Byremovingnegativitythroughmeditation.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“syncretizes”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Bridges. B.Balances. C.Guides. D.Facilitates.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Todisplayabias.B.Tointroduceaconcept.C.Torecommendanewbook.D.Topromoteanewlifestyle.【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了心理学家RickHampson在《硬连线幸福》中提出通过科学方法提升幸福感并介绍了相关方法。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“That’sbecauseourbraintendstofocusonthebadstuff.Thisiscalled“negativitybias(偏见)”,whichhelpedourancestorshandlepotentialthreatsbutnowoftentrapsusincyclesofoverthinking.(这是因为我们的大脑倾向于关注不好的事情。这被称为“消极偏见”，它帮助我们的祖先应对潜在的威胁，但现在却常常让我们陷入过度思考的循环中)”可知，“消极偏见”的原始功能是帮助人类生存。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Bynoticingandholdingontogoodexperiences,wecanactivateourbrain’srewardcentersandpromotepositivechanges.(通过注意并抓住美好的经历，我们可以激活大脑的奖励中心，促进积极的改变)”以及“ThentheHEALmethod(Haveagoodexperience,Enrichit,Absorbit,Linkittootherexperiences)wasfinallydeveloped.(然后，HEAL方法（拥有美好的体验，丰富它，吸收它，将它与其他体验联系起来）最终被开发出来)”可知，HEAL方法是通过加强积极的体验来起作用的。故选B。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Inshort,HardwiringHappinesssyncretizesbrainscienceandpracticaldailyhabits.Forthoseinterestedintransformingtheirwell-beingthroughscience-backedmethods,Hampson’sbookprovidesvaluableinsightsandtechniquesthatcanbeeasilyintegratedintoeverydayroutines.(简而言之，《硬连线幸福》将脑科学与日常实践习惯syncretizes。对于想通过科学方法改善福祉的人而言，汉普森的书提供了宝贵洞见和技巧，这些都能轻松融入日常生活)”可知，对于想通过科学方法改善福祉的人而言，汉普森的书提供了宝贵洞见和技巧，这些都能轻松融入日常生活。由此可知，这本书将科学和日常生活结合在了一起，故syncretizes意思是“结合”。故选A。【11题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“Inshort,HardwiringHappinesssyncretizesbrainscienceandpracticaldailyhabits.Forthoseinterestedintransformingtheirwell-beingthroughscience-backedmethods,Hampson’sbookprovidesvaluableinsightsandtechniquesthatcanbeeasilyintegratedintoeverydayroutines.ByexploringHardwiringHappiness,youcandiscovermoreaboutthescienceofhappinessandlearnpracticaltechniquestoenhancewell-being.(简而言之，《硬连线幸福》将脑科学与日常实践习惯相结合。对于想通过科学方法改善福祉的人而言，汉普森的书提供了宝贵洞见和技巧，这些都能轻松融入日常生活。探索《硬连线幸福》，你将发现更多关于幸福的科学，并学会提升福祉的实用技巧)”可知，文章主要介绍了心理学家RickHampson在书中提出通过科学方法提升幸福感并介绍了相关方法。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本新书。故选C。DDeepunderneaththeeasterntropicalPacificOceanliesbeautifulreefscoloredbyitsalgae(藻类).However,intheearly1980s,anElNiñoheatwaveledtomass-bleaching,whichturnedmorethan90percentofthesecoralsapale,lifelesswhite.WhenstrongerElNiñoeventsstrucktheareaagainin2015–2016,biologistTinaPalacioobservedasurprisingphenomenon:somecoralsresistedbleachingorshowedrecovery.HerteamlaterdiscoveryedthatPocillopora—theregion’sprimaryreef-buildingcoral—hadgottenridoftheiroriginalalgaeandadoptedheat-tolerantspecies.Coralstypicallyprovidenitrogen(氮气)totheirresidentalgaeandreceivecarboninreturnforenergy.“Tomaintainthealgae’ssurvivalandprovidethenutrientsrequiredbythehost,there’sareallydelicateandverycomplexnutritionalrelationshipbetweenthetwo,”Palaciosays.Underheatstress,coralsproducemorenitrogen,whichcausesthealgaetogrowrapidlyanddividemore,storingthecarbonandkeepingitfromtheirhosts.Palaciodiscoveredthatbabycoralshaslearnednottooversharenitrogenwiththealgae.Thisway,theycanlivetogetherharmoniously.Andbabycoralsaren’tstuckinoneplace—theyfloatfreelyintheoceanbeforesettlingdown.Thishelpsthespeciesmovetobetterwatersorspreadgenesthatletthemhandleheat.Researchersalsofoundcoralscanactontheirown.Theyhavetinyhair-likestructurescalledciliathatworklikeacoolingsystem,beatingfasttomaketinywhirlpools(漩涡)inthewaterandmovingextraoxygentoareasthatneedit.Thesewhirlpoolsstopoxygenfrombuildingupharmfullyinoneplace.Althoughcoralsareadapting,theycan’toutpaceclimatethreatsalone.It’shardtogobackafterableachingeventandseethemdead.Thatgivesusthemotivationtousewhateverskillis,whateverourpassionis,totrytohelp.12.WhydoestheauthormentionElNiñoheatwavestwice?A.Tostresstheurgencyofoceanconservation.B.Toshowthecorals’adaptationtoheatwaves.C.Toindicatetheimpactofclimatechangeoncorals.D.Tohighlighttherelationshipbetweencoralsandalgae.13.Whatdobabycoralsdotolivewiththeiralgae?A.Sharingmorecarbon.B.Removingmorealgae.C.Movingtocoolerareas.D.Reservingextranitrogen.14.Howdocoralciliafunction?A.Bystoringextraoxygen.B.Byredistributingoxygen.C.Byreleasingoxygenquickly.D.Bychangingoxygenintonitrogen.15.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconvey?A.Coralbleachingcallsforhumanprotection.B.Humansneedmorepassiontoprotectoceanspecies.C.Coralprotectionisourdutydespiteitsself-adjustment.D.Coraladaptationisunavoidableinspiteofhumans’help.【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了珊瑚在面对厄尔尼诺热浪时展现出适应能力，但仍需人类保护以应对气候威胁。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“However,intheearly1980s,anElNiñoheatwaveledtomass-bleaching,whichturnedmorethan90percentofthesecoralsapale,lifelesswhite.(然而，在20世纪80年代初，一次厄尔尼诺热浪导致了大规模的白化，使超过90%的珊瑚变成了苍白无生气的白色。)”和第二段中“WhenstrongerElNiñoeventsstrucktheareaagainin2015–2016,biologistTinaPalacioobservedasurprisingphenomenon:somecoralsresistedbleachingorshowedrecovery.(当更强的厄尔尼诺事件在2015-2016年再次袭击该地区时，生物学家蒂娜·帕拉西奥观察到一个令人惊讶的现象：一些珊瑚抵抗了白化或显示出恢复的迹象。)”可知，作者两次提到厄尔尼诺热浪是为了展示珊瑚对热浪的适应。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Underheatstress,coralsproducemorenitrogen,whichcausesthealgaetogrowrapidlyanddividemore,storingthecarbonandkeepingitfromtheirhosts.Palaciodiscoveredthatbabycoralshaslearnednottooversharenitrogenwiththealgae.Thisway,theycanlivetogetherharmoniously.(在热应激下，珊瑚会产生更多氮，这会导致藻类快速生长和分裂，储存碳并阻止其流向宿主。帕拉西奥发现，珊瑚幼体已学会不与藻类过度分享氮。这样一来，它们就能和谐共生。)”可知，幼珊瑚通过保留多余的氮来与藻类和谐共处。故选D。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theyhavetinyhair-likestructurescalledciliathatworklikeacoolingsystem,beatingfasttomaketinywhirlpoolsinthewaterandmovingextraoxygentoareasthatneedit.Thesewhirlpoolsstopoxygenfrombuildingupharmfullyinoneplace.(它们有微小的毛发状结构，称为纤毛，其工作原理类似于冷却系统，快速拍打以在水流中产生微小的漩涡，并将多余的氧气输送到需要的地方。这些漩涡阻止氧气在一个地方有害地积聚。)”可知，珊瑚纤毛通过重新分配氧气来发挥作用。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Althoughcoralsareadapting,theycan’toutpaceclimatethreatsalone.It’shardtogobackafterableachingeventandseethemdead.Thatgivesusthemotivationtousewhateverskillis,whateverourpassionis,totrytohelp.(尽管珊瑚正在适应，但它们无法单独应对气候威胁。在珊瑚白化事件发生后，很难再看到它们死去。这给了我们动力，无论我们有什么技能，无论我们有什么激情，都要尽力去帮助它们。)”可知，作者想传达的信息是尽管珊瑚有自我调节的能力，但保护珊瑚仍是我们的责任。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。InthedepthsofaforestinNorthland,NewZealand,anarchitecturalexplorationisunderway.____16____ArchitectBrettHulleyandhiswifeRose,drivenbythisvision,begantheirhome-buildingjourney.Initially,thecouplewantedawildpieceoflandforecologicalrestoration.Luckledthemin2016toPatauaNorth,coveredwithnativeforest.____17____Brettdesignedthehousetosuitthesiteandnaturalconditions.Theliving,dining,andkitchenareafacenorth,whilebedroomsandatoiletaretothesouth,withanoutdoorshowernearbyintheforest.____18____Everyroomhasnaturalairflow,andhigh-levelwindowsintheroofletouthotairinsummer.Thisconnectiontonaturehelpspeoplevaluetheenvironmentandliveinaneco-friendlyway.____19____Localtreesarethemainbuildingmaterials.Imperfectlayeredwoodisusedfortheoutercoveringandinnerpanels.Long-lastingwoodisusedforfurnitureandbuilt-intablesandbenchseats.InternaldoorsaremadefromrecycledwoodfromRose’sparents’oldkitchen.Eventreebranchesandtrunksarecleverlyintegratedintothestructureandjoinery.ThehouseisconnectedtoNewZealand’selectricitysystem,whichusesmostlyrenewableenergy.Italsohasa40,000-litrerainwatertankandawormfarmtotreatwastewater.Theirjourneywasfullofchallenges.____20____Thehousestandsasamodelofsustainableliving,combininghumancomfortwithenvironmentalcare.ForBrettandRose,theirjourneyismorethanbuildingahouse.It’saboutcreatingalifesurroundedbynaturetheycherishandprotect.A.Naturalmaterialsareusedthroughoutthehouse.B.Itaimstofindharmonybetweenhumansandnature.C.Largewindowscapturethewintersunandblocksummerheat.D.Theydecidedtocarefullyprotectwhat’shereinsteadofrewilding.E.Thecoupleareproudofthefamilyformakingtheirdreamcometrue.F.Brettwasinspiredtolookforarchitecturethatconnectsthemwithnature.G.Butitshowedhowthoughtfuldesignandrespectfornaturecancreateahome.【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.A20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了新西兰建筑师BrettHulley夫妇在新西兰北地森林中建造一座与自然和谐共生的生态住宅的经历。【16题详析】上文“InthedepthsofaforestinNorthland,NewZealand,anarchitecturalexplorationisunderway.(在新西兰北地的森林深处，一场建筑探索正在进行)”说明建筑探索的背景，空处和前文为顺接关系，说明建筑探索的目的。所以B项“Itaimstofindharmonybetweenhumansandnature.(它的目标是找到人类与自然之间的和谐)”符合语境。故选B。【17题详析】上文“Luckledthemin2016toPatauaNorth,coveredwithnativeforest.(幸运的是，2016年他们来到了北帕陶阿，那里被原始森林覆盖)”说明他们来到了北帕陶阿，空处和前文为顺接关系，说明他们决定保护这里。所以D项“Theydecidedtocarefullyprotectwhat’shereinsteadofrewilding.(他们决定小心保护这里的一切，而不是进行生态恢复)”符合语境。“They”指代夫妇，“protectwhat’shere”与“nativeforest”衔接，说明他们因已有原始森林而改变计划，符合逻辑。故选D。【18题详析】上文“Theliving,dining,andkitchenareafacenorth,whilebedroomsandatoiletaretothesouth,withanoutdoorshowernearbyintheforest.(起居室、餐厅和厨房朝北，卧室和厕所朝南，附近森林里有一个户外淋浴间)”说明房屋的布局，空处和前文为顺接关系，说明房屋的采光和通风设计。所以C项“Largewindowscapturethewintersunandblocksummerheat.(大窗户捕捉冬日的阳光，阻挡夏日的炎热)”符合语境。故选C。【19题详析】下文“Localtreesarethemainbuildingmaterials.Imperfectlayeredwoodisusedfortheoutercoveringandinnerpanels.(当地的树木是主要的建筑材料。有缺陷的层压木材用于外覆层和内面板)”说明房屋使用的建筑材料，空处和后文为总领关系，说明房屋使用的材料是天然的。所以A项“Naturalmaterialsareusedthroughoutthehouse.(整个房子都使用天然材料)”符合语境。故选A。【20题详析】上文提到“Theirjourneywasfullofchallenges.(他们的旅程充满挑战)”，下文指出“Thehousestandsasamodelofsustainableliving(这所房子成为可持续生活的典范)”。G项“Butitshowedhowthoughtfuldesignandrespectfornaturecancreateahome.(但这表明，深思熟虑的设计和对自然的尊重能够创造一个家)”中“But”转折承接“challenges”，并引出房屋的积极意义，衔接上下文。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Isatbythewindow,flippingthroughWilliamWordsworth’spoem,ThePrelude.Init,he____21____adreamwhereanArabhorsemancarriesastoneandashell.Thestone____22____science,theshellpoetry.Bothareinurgentdanger,andWordsworthfirmlybelievesthatpoetryandimaginationshouldhold____23____importancetoreasonandscienceininspiringthehumansoul.Then,mythoughtsturnedtoCharlesDarwin’sTheOriginofSpecies.Histheory____24____overturnedthesenseofhumanuniqueness,yetitrevealedtheprofound____25____inalllife.Iclosedmyeyesandimaginedmyselfwalkingthrough19th-centuryLondon.WordsworthandIstoodbyaquiet____26____.Hestaredintothedistanceandwhispered,“Kristine,naturefollowsscientificlawsyetcarriespoeticcharm.”Thelakeshinesasifin____27____.Next,IwasinDarwin’sstudy.Buriedintestsamplesandpapers,he____28____andsaid,“Kristine,nature’smysteriesareeverywhere.Every____29____tellsastoryoflife.Theseflowers,sosimple,arelikesilentpoems.”Standingbetweenthem,Ifelttheconflictand____30____ofscienceandpoetry.Scienceisthe____31____thatshapesourunderstanding.____32____,poetryistheessencethatbringsittolife.Theydependoneachother,formingacompletepictureofhowhumans____33____theworld.Backin____34____,thenoiseofthecityoutsidemademerealizeI’mlivinginthepresent,notthe19thcentury.Iwasfilledwithwonderforscienceandpoetry.Theyarelike____35____starsinthenightsky,eachshiningbrightlyandlightingourwayforward.21.A.realized B.described C.kept D.pursued22.A.dominates B.influences C.symbolizes D.disturbs23.A.equal B.lasting C.particular D.cultural24.A.probably B.simply C.eventually D.completely25.A.differences B.connections C.improvements D.effects26.A.lakeside B.seashore C.pathway D.grassland27.A.sympathy B.surprise C.agreement D.harmony28.A.triedout B.lookedup C.stressedout D.checkedin29.A.adventure B.secret C.word D.species30.A.integration B.peace C.struggle D.resolution31.A.language B.solution C.foundation D.discipline32.A.Otherwise B.Meanwhile C.Thus D.Besides33.A.perceive B.change C.conquer D.save34.A.return B.history C.time D.reality35.A.north B.rising C.twin D.golden【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.A27.D28.B29.D30.A31.C32.B33.A34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过阅读华兹华斯和达尔文的作品，探讨科学与诗歌的关系，认为二者相互依存，共同构成人类理解世界的方式。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在诗中，他描述了一个梦，梦里一个阿拉伯骑士拿着一块石头和一个贝壳。A.realized意识到；B.described描述；C.kept保持；D.pursued追求。根据前文“Isatbythewindow,flippingthroughWilliamWordsworth’spoem,ThePrelude.”可知，作者在翻阅诗歌，所以这里是指诗歌中“描述”了一个梦。故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：石头象征科学，贝壳象征诗歌。A.dominates支配；B.influences影响；C.symbolizes象征；D.disturbs打扰。根据后文“theshellpoetry”可知，这里是将石头和贝壳分别与科学和诗歌对应起来，所以石头“象征”科学。故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两者都处于紧急危险之中，华兹华斯坚信，在激发人类灵魂方面，诗歌和想象力应该与理性和科学具有同等重要的地位。A.equal相等的；B.lasting持久的；C.particular特别的；D.cultural文化的。根据后文“importancetoreasonandscienceininspiringthehumansoul”可知，这里说的是诗歌和想象力与理性和科学在激发人类灵魂方面有“同等”重要的地位。故选A。【24题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的理论彻底颠覆了人类独特性的观念，却揭示了所有生命之间深刻的联系。A.probably可能；B.simply仅仅；C.eventually最终；D.completely彻底地。根据后文“itrevealedtheprofound

inalllife.”可知，“颠覆观念”应是“彻底地”，体现达尔文理论的影响力，故选D。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.differences不同；B.connections联系；C.improvements改进；D.effects影响。根据后文“inalllife”以及前文提到颠覆人类独特性观念，可知这里说的是揭示了所有生命之间的深刻“联系”。故选B。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：华兹华斯和我站在一个安静的湖边。A.lakeside湖边；B.seashore海边；C.pathway小路；D.grassland草地。根据后文“Thelakeshinesasifin...”可知，这里说的是站在“湖边”。故选A。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：湖水闪耀着，仿佛处于和谐之中。A.sympathy同情；B.surprise惊讶；C.agreement同意；D.harmony和谐。根据前文“Thelakeshinesasifin”可知，前文强调自然诗意，这里用拟人的手法，说湖水闪耀着仿佛处于“和谐”之中。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：埋头于测试样本和论文中，他抬起头来说。A.triedout试验；B.lookedup抬头看；C.stressedout紧张；D.checkedin登记入住。根据前文“Buriedintestsamplesandpapers”以及后文“said”可知，这里说的是埋头于工作后“抬头”说话。故选B。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一个物种都讲述着一个生命的故事。A.adventure冒险；B.secret秘密；C.word单词；D.species物种。根据前文“IwasinDarwin’sstudy.”以及后文“tellsastoryoflife”可知，这里是在达尔文的研究室里，所以说的是每一个“物种”都讲述着一个生命的故事。故选D。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：站在他们中间，我感受到了科学与诗歌之间的冲突与融合。A.integration融合；B.peace和平；C.struggle斗争；D.resolution决心。根据前文“conflictand”以及后文“Theydependoneachother”可知，这里说的是科学与诗歌之间的冲突与“融合”。故选A。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学是塑造我们理解的基础。A.language语言；B.solution解决方案；C.foundation基础；D.discipline纪律。根据后文“thatshapesourunderstanding”和“poetryistheessencethatbringsittolife”可知，科学为认知提供“基础”，与后文诗歌是“本质”形成呼应。故选C。【32题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，诗歌是赋予它生命的精髓。A.Otherwise否则；B.Meanwhile与此同时；C.Thus因此；D.Besides此外。根据前文“Scienceisthethatshapesourunderstanding.”以及后文“poetryistheessencethatbringsittolife.”可知，这里前后是并列关系，说的是“与此同时”诗歌是赋予科学生命的精髓。故选B。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们相互依赖，形成了人类如何感知世界的完整画面。A.perceive感知；B.change改变；C.conquer征服；D.save拯救。根据后文“theworld”以及前文提到科学与诗歌的关系，可知这里说的是它们形成了人类如何“感知”世界的完整画面。故选A。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：回到现实，外面城市的噪音让我意识到我生活在现在，而不是19世纪。A.return返回；B.history历史；C.time时间；D.reality现实。根据后文“thenoiseofthecityoutsidemademerealizeI’mlivinginthepresent,notthe19thcentury.”可知，这里说的是回到“现实”。故选D。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们就像夜空中的双子星，各自闪耀着光芒，照亮我们前进的道路。A.north北方的；B.rising上升的；C.twin双胞胎的；D.golden金色的。根据后文“starsinthenightsky,eachshiningbrightlyandlightingourwayforward.”可知，这里将科学与诗歌比作夜空中的“双子星”，twin符合语境。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinaandCambodiaaredeepeningeconomicandtradecooperation,andpromotingpeople-to-peoplebondsthroughculturalexchanges.____36____theYungangGrottoes(石窟)inNorthChinaandCambodia’sAngkorWatte