高二英语第一次月考卷03（全解全析（全国适用版））

-2026学年高二英语上学期第一次月考卷03（全国通用版）（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）考生注意：1．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。2.答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。3．难度系数：0.65。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Atthewoman’shome. B．Inanoffice. C．Inahospital.【答案】B【原文】M:OK,Ihavefinallyfinishedmywork.Beforeweleave,Iwanttoknowwhetheryou’llbeworkingattheofficeorfromhomenextweek.W:Well,Ipreferworkingfromhome.Myhusbandisinhospital,soIneedtotakecareofmykids.2．Whatkindofjobdoesthewomanlike?A．Preparingfood. B．Takingorders. C．Clearingtables.【答案】A【原文】M:I’dliketoofferyouajobworkinginourcafé.You’llbemainlytakingordersandclearingtables.W:MayIworkinthekitchen?Ipreferdoingfoodpreparation.M:Sure,thenseeyoutomorrow.3．Whycan’tthemanreturntheshoes?A．Hehaswornthemtoolong.B．Helostthereceipt. C．Theshoesarecomfortable.【答案】A【原文】M:Ineedtoreturntheseshoes.They’reveryuncomfortable.Hereisthereceipt.W:I’msorry,butIcannotdothat.You’vewornthemfortwoweeks.4．HowoftendoesShellyeatout?A．Threetimesaweek. B．Fourtimesaweek. C．Fivetimesaweek.【答案】C【原文】M:Howoftendoyoueatout,Shelly?W:Well,quiteoften.Ieatoutfivetimesaweek.5．Whatdidthewomandojustafterhighschool?A．Sheplayedinaband.B．Shestartedanewcompany.C．Sheworkedasasaleswoman.【答案】A【原文】M:Whatdidyoudoafterhighschool?W:Iplayedinabandforawhile.Weplayedfordancesaroundthecountry.M:Thenwhatdidyoudo?W:Istartarecordingcompany.NowImakemusicandmoney.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。6．HowisJoygoingtospendmostoftheholiday?A．Stayingathome. B．Visitingherfriend. C．TravelinginSingapore.7．Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisholidayplan?A．Boring. B．Exciting. C．Tiring.【答案】6．C7．A【原文】M:Joy,thethree-monthsummerholidayiscomingsoon.Doyouhaveanyplansforit?W:Yes.I’mgoingtovisitmyfriendinCanadafirstandstaythereforamonth.MyunclelivesinSingapore.AndI’llgothereandspendtherestofthetimetraveling.M:Youmustbeexcitedaboutthisvacation.W:Yes.I’veexpecteditforalongtime.M:Comparedwithyours,myplansoundsabitboring.Iwillstayathomeandmeetmyoldclassmates.W:That’snotbad.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9题。8．WhydoesStephenrecommendtheSpringFestival?A．Itisahottopic. B．Itrepresentsourculture. C．Itinvolvesmanysubjects.9．HowdoesthewomanfeelafterdiscussingwithStephen?A．Stressed. B．Excited. C．Worried.【答案】8．A9．B【原文】W:Stephen,I’mstrugglingtofindatopicforourpresentationonChinesetraditionalculture.Therearesomanygreatoptions.M:Isee.WhatabouttheSpringFestival?ItwasjustaddedtoUNESCO’sIntangibleCulturalHeritageList.It’sbeenmakingheadlinesrecently.W:Oh,that’safantasticidea!Wecancoveritshistory,customs,andmoderncelebrations.It’ssuchabigpartofourculture,justlikeagoldmineofinformation.M:Soundsgood.Wecanalsoincludesomepersonalstoriesandphotostomakeitmoreengaging.It’llbefuntoworkonit.W:Perfect!Thiswilldefinitelymakeourpresentationstandout!听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12题。10．Whatisthewomanprobably?A．Ateacher. B．Atourguide. C．Anartist.11．WhatdoweknowaboutDavid?A．Ithasstoodinthegalleryformorethan100years.B．Itwasplacedoutsidebefore1504.C．Itwasoriginallymadein1604.12．WhichbodypartofDavidisusedtoshowhispower?A．Hishands. B．Hislegs. C．Hisarms.【答案】10．B11．A12．A【原文】W:Andhere,ladiesandgentlemen,wehavethefamousartwork—David,byMichelangelo.Whenitwasoriginallymadein1504,itstoodoutside.Butoveracenturyago,itwasbroughthereinsidetheGalleriadell’Accademia.M:Ohwow.I’veseenpicturesofit,butIdidn’trealizeitwasthisbig.It’shuge.W:Yes,alotofvisitorssaythatwhenIshowittothem.M:Lookatallthedetails,hisarms,hislegs…Theyareamazing.W:Yes,butalsolookatthehands—especiallytherighthand.(Doyounoticeanything?M:Theyarebig.W:Yes,welldone.TheyareactuallybiggerthantheyshouldbebecausetheartistwantedtoshowDavid’spowerthroughit.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16题。13．Whydoesthewomanwanttosellthestuff?A．Tospareroomforfurniture.B．Toturnthemintocash.C．Tocleanupthehouse.14．WhatdoesthewomansayaboutBob?A．Hehasaproblemwiththead.B．Hecanmakeaquicksale.C．Heiskindandhelpful.15．Whatistheman’sopinionaboutNewsday’sservice?A．Excellent. B．Unfriendly. C．Expensive.16．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A．Writeanad. B．Makeacall. C．Gotoamarket.【答案】13．B14．C15．A16．A【原文】M:Honey,what’sallourstuffdoingintheyard?W:It’saclean-upsale.Foronly$19.95,wecanputatwo-lineadinNewsdayforsevendays.Andwithovertwomillionreaders,we’llgetresultsfast.M:ButifNewsdayishavingaclean-upsale,whydoesouryardlooklikeamarket?W:Becausethere’sneverbeenabettertimeforustoturnthethingswedon’tuseintocashwecanuse.M:Youmeanthejewelry,furnitureandexerciseequipment?W:Evenyouroldguitar.M:Twolines,sevendays,foronly$19.95.Areyousure?W:OfcourseI’msure.IcalledBob.M:Who’sBob?W:He’sasalesconsultantthere.Hewasreallyniceandhelpful.HetoldmetocallhimwheneverIhadaproblemwiththead.M:Morethan50%off,andfriendlyservice.Newsdaydoeshaveallweneed.W:Yeah.Socouldyouhelpmewiththeadifyou’refree?M:OK.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20题。17．Whatisthespeakerdoing?A．Reportinganevent. B．Hostingaprogram. C．Chairingameeting.18．Whowasthewinnerofthecompetitionlastyear?A．Ryan. B．Jamie. C．Kenneth.19．Whenwillthenationalcompetitionbeheld?A．ThisJune B．NextJune. C．NextJuly20．WhatwillthesurfersdoonBradleyBeachtonight?A．Giveareport B．Joininagame. C．Meettheirfans.【答案】17．A18．C19．B20．C【原文】M:Hello,everyone.I’mreportinglivefromBradleyBeach.ThesurfingcompetitionthisJulyhasjustcometoanend.Thecompetitionwentwell,bothbecauseoftheweatherandthesupportofthecommunity.Iwasabletointerviewafewofthesurfersaboutthecompetitionandtheywerehappytotalktome.Kenneth,whowasthewinneroflastyear’scompetition,saidthathewasproudofhisworkthisyeareventhoughheonlygotthirdplace.Thecompetition'swinner,Ryan,cameallthewayfromAmericatocompete.Ryanonlyspokeabouthowclosethecompetitionwas.Hethankedhisfriendandthesecondplacewinner,Jamie,forgivinghimagoodchallenge.AllthreesurferswillreturntocompeteforthenationalcompetitioninJunenextyear,andthenagaininDecember.Ifanyoneisstillinterestedinmeetingthesetalentedpeople,youshouldhurrydowntoBradleyBeachwherethey’llbemeetingfansthisevening.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ACookingMeatPoultryMeatandpoultrycookedthroughouttothesetemperaturesaregenerallysafetoeat.FRESHBEEFCelsiusFahrenheitCUREDPORKRare60140*Ham,RawMedium71160(CookbeforeWellDone77170eating)71160GroundBeef77170Ham,FullyFRESHVEAL77170cookedFRESHLAMB(HeatbeforeMedium77170serving)60140WellDone82180ShoulderFRESHPORK77170(Cookbeforeeating)70170POULTRYGAMEChicken82-85180-185Deer71-77160-170Turkey82-85180-185Rabbit82-85180-185BonelessDuck82-85180-185TurkeyRoasts77-80170-175Goose82-85180-185Stuffing*Rarebeefispopular,butyoushouldknowthatcookingittoonly140℉meanssomefoodpoisoningorganismsmaysurvive.

(Insideor

outside

thebird)74165Bacteriaaretheoneofthemainfoodprisoners.So,togetfoodonthetablesafely,youneedtoknowandfollowtherulesforfoodcare.KEEPFOODHOTHighfoodtemperatures(165℉to212℉)reachedinboiling,baking,frying,androastingkillmostfoodpoisoningbacteria.Ifyouwanttodelayservingcookedfood,though,youhavetokeepitataholdingtemperature—roughly140℉to165℉.Steamtablesandchafingdishesaredesignedtomaintainholdingtemperatures.Buttheydon’talwayskeepfoodhotenough.Soit’snotwisetoleavehotfoodoutmorethan2hours.Whencookedfoodisleftoutunheated,thepossibilityofbacterialgrowthisgreater,sincethefoodquicklydropstoroomtemperaturewherefoodpoisonersmultiply.Toservehotfoodssafely—particularlymeatandpoultry,whicharehighlyaffectedbyfoodpoisoning—followtheserules:●Cookthoroughly—Cookmeatandpoultrytothe“doneness”temperaturesgivenintheabovechart.Tomakesurethatmeatandpoultryarecookedallthewaythrough,useameatthermometer(温度计).Insertthetipintothethickestpartofthemeat,avoidingfatorbone.

●Don’tinterruptcooking—Cookmeatandpoultrycompletelyatonetime.Partialcookingmayencouragebacterialgrowthbeforecookingiscomplete.●Cookingfrozenfood—Allowfrozenfoodmoretimetocook—generally1.5timestheperiodrequiredforfoodthathasbeenthawed(解冻).21．Atwhattemperaturedobacteriagrowthefastest?A．40℃～60℃. B．60℉～125℉.C．40℃～140℃. D．125℉～140℉.22．Whatissuggestedtonkeepfoodsafe?A．hotfoodshouldnotbeleftoutovertwohoursB．frozenfoodshouldbethawedwithamicrowaveovenC．rawhamshouldbecookedtothe“doneness”temperatureat71℉D．steamtablesandchafingdishesshouldbeusedtokeepfoodhotenough23．Whatcanbelearnedaccordingtotheguideline?A．Theonlywaytoensurefoodsafetyistokeepithotenough.B．Highfoodtemperaturesabove74℃destroymostpoisoningbacteria.C．Comparedwithgoose,groundbeefshouldbecookedtohighertemperatures.D．Insertthetipofathermometerintothethickestpartofthefattocontrolthetemperature.【答案】21．B22．A23．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。细菌是主要的食物毒素之一，为了让食物安全上桌，我们需要知道并遵守食物处置的一些规则。21．细节理解题。根据文章第一幅图中“DANGER—Rapidgrowthofbacteria:somewillproducetoxin.(危险——细菌快速生长：有些细菌会产生毒素)”所对应的温度为60ºF~125ºF，所以在60ºF~125ºF之间细菌生长得最快。故选B项。22．细节理解题。根据文章KEEPFOODHOT下第一段的“Soit’snotwisetoleavehotfoodoutmorethan2hours.(所以把热的食物放在外面超过2小时是不明智的)”可知，为了保证食物安全，建议热的食物不要放在外面超过两个小时。故选A项。23．细节理解题。根据文章KEEPFOODHOT下第一段的“Highfoodtemperatures(165℉to212℉)reachedinboiling,baking,frying,androastingkillmostfoodpoisoningbacteria.(高食物温度(165°F到212°F)达到沸腾，烘烤，煎炸和烘烤会杀死大多数食物中有毒细菌)”可知，摄氏度=(华氏度-32)÷1.8，即73.8ºC约等于165.2°F，食物温度高于74℃会破坏大多数有毒细菌。故选B项。BImagineacustomer-servicecenterthatspeaksyourlanguage,nomatterwhatitis.Alorica,acompanyinIrvine,California,whichrunscustomer-servicecentersaroundtheworld,hasintroducedanartificialintelligence(AI)translationtoolthatletsitsworkerstalkwithcustomerswhospeak200differentlanguagesand75dialects.SoanAloricaworkerwhospeaks,say,onlySpanishcandealwithacomplaintaboutanincorrectbankstatementfromaCantonesespeakerinHongKong.Anditwouldn’tneedtohireanemployeewhospeaksCantonese.However,Aloricaisn’tcuttingjobs.Itwillincreasinglyhirethosewhoarecomfortablewithnewtechnology.Potentially,thethreat:Perhapscompanieswon’tneedasmanyemployees—andwillcutsomejobs—ifchatbotscanhandletheworkloadinstead.ConsiderSuumitShah,anIndianbusinessmanwhocausedanuproarlastyearbysayingthathehadreplaced90%ofhiscustomersupportstaffwithachatbotnamedLina.ThemoveatShah’scompany,Dukaan,whichhelpscustomerssetupe-commercesites,reducedtheresponsetimetoaninquiryfrom1minute,44secondsto“instant”.Italsocutthetypicaltimeneededtosolveproblemsfrommorethantwohourstojustoverthreeminutes.Similarly,researchersatHarvardBusinessSchoolfoundinastudylastyearthatjobpostingsforwriters,codersandartistsdecreasedgreatlywithineightmonthsofthearrivalofChatGPT.ButbeingexposedtoAIdoesn’tnecessarilymeanlosingyourjobtoit.TheSwedishfurnitureretailerIKEA,forexample,introducedacustomer-servicechatbotin2021tohandlesimpleinquiries.Insteadofcuttingjobs,IKEAretrained8,500customer-serviceworkerstohandlesuchtasksasadvisingcustomersoninteriordesignandfieldingcomplexcustomercalls.TheexperienceatAloricaandIKEAsuggeststhatAImaynotprovetobethejobkillerthatmanypeoplefear.Instead,thetechnologymightturnouttobemorelikebreakthroughsofthepast—thesteamengine,electricityandtheInternet,whichgetridofsomejobswhilecreatingothersandprobablymakeworkersmoreproductiveingeneraltotheeventualbenefitofworkersthemselves,theiremployersandtheeconomy.24．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbytheexampleinparagraph1?A．ThepowerofAI. B．Thethreatfromhumans.C．Thecustomerrequirements. D．Thetipsonlanguagelearning.25．WhatadvantagedoesLinahaveoverotherstaff?A．Winningthetrustofcustomers. B．Respondingtocustomersfaster.C．Sellingmoreproductstocustomers. D．HavingagreatrelationshipwithShah.26．WhatwereIKEA’scustomer-serviceworkersaskedtodoin2021?A．Takeonotherduties. B．Leavetheircompany.C．MovetoHongKong. D．Developlatestchatbots.27．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HowWillAIChangeOurLives? B．HowShouldWeUseAIEffectively?C．WillAITakeAwayManyHumanJobs? D．WhatIstheFutureofTraditionalCompanies?【答案】24．A25．B26．A27．C【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要通过实例介绍了人工智能可能不会抢走人类的很多工作。24．推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Alorica,acompanyinIrvine,California,whichrunscustomer-servicecentersaroundtheworld,hasintroducedanartificialintelligence(AI)translationtoolthatletsitsworkerstalkwithcustomerswhospeak200differentlanguagesand75dialects.(Alorica是一家位于加利福尼亚州尔湾的公司，在世界各地设有客户服务中心，该公司推出了一种人工智能（AI）翻译工具，可以让员工与说200种不同语言和75种方言的客户交谈)”可知，这种人工智能翻译工具有强大的力量，可以让员工与说200种不同语言和75种方言的客户交谈，并列举了下文与香港客户交谈的例子。由此推知，作者想通过第一段中的例子告诉我们人工智能的力量。故选A项。25．细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“ConsiderSuumitShah,anIndianbusinessmanwhocausedanuproarlastyearbysayingthathehadreplaced90%ofhiscustomersupportstaffwithachatbotnamedLina.ThemoveatShah’scompany,Dukaan,whichhelpscustomerssetupe-commercesites,reducedtheresponsetimetoaninquiryfrom1minute,44secondsto“instant”.(以印度商人苏米特·沙阿为例，他去年表示，他已经用一个名为Lina的聊天机器人取代了90%的客户支持人员，这引起了轩然大波。沙阿的公司Dukaan帮助客户建立电子商务网站，此举将查询的响应时间从1分44秒缩短到“即时”)”可知，名为Lina的聊天机器人将查询的响应时间从1分44秒缩短到“即时”。由此可知，Lina比其他员工有的优势是能够更快地回应客户。故选B项。26．细节理解题。根据第五段关键句“Insteadofcuttingjobs,IKEAretrained8,500customer-serviceworkerstohandlesuchtasksasadvisingcustomersoninteriordesignandfieldingcomplexcustomercalls.(宜家没有裁员，而是对8500名客户服务人员进行了再培训，以处理室内设计咨询和接听复杂客户电话等任务)”可知，宜家要求原来的客户服务人员处理室内设计咨询和接听复杂客户电话等任务。由此可知，2021年，宜家的客服人员被要求承担其他职责。故选A项。27．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合最后一段关键句“TheexperienceatAloricaandIKEAsuggeststhatAImaynotprovetobethejobkillerthatmanypeoplefear.(Alorica和宜家的经验表明，人工智能可能不会成为许多人担心的就业杀手)”可知，文章通过不同公司的例子告诉我们，人工智能不会成为人类的就业杀手。由此可知，“WillAITakeAwayManyHumanJobs?(人工智能会夺走许多人类工作吗？)”能够概括文章主题。故选C项。COurmoodbrightensasnaturewakesupfromwinter,withbloomingtreescoloringthesceneryinsoft,prettycolors.NearmyhouseisKairakuPark,oneofthebiggestgardensinJapan,famousforitsvastcollectionofalmost10,000plumtrees.Ifindmyselfintheenviablepositionofhavingthemalloutsidemybackyard,takingadvantageofthewalkingpathsdaily.Thetreesandswansarelikeoldfriendstomenow,afamiliarsightwitheachvisit.However,ononeparticularday,theroutinewasbrokenbyacharmingnovelty.Atthewater’sedgeofthesmalllake,Iwasgreetedbythesightofnewlyhatchedblackswans.Theirdelicatebeautywasheartwarmingastheystayedclosetotheirmother.Whilecapturingthegoldenofthesunsetoncamera,Iwasdrawnawaybyanunusual,persistentsound.Turningaround,Idiscoveredonelittleswanwasstuckbytwostones,strugglingtofreeitself.Themotherswan’seffortstoliberateherwereinvain.Approachingwiththeintentiontohelp,Ifoundthemother’sprotectiveinstinctsinfullforce.Shewasfiercelyguardingheryoung,preventinganyapproach.Isoughtassistancefromanelderlygentlemansittingonanearbybench,“Excuseme,theswanbabyseemstrappedandunabletomove.Iwishtolendahand,butthemotherisquiteterritorial.Wouldyoubesokindastoassistme?”Theman’sfacebrokeintoawarmsmilebeforeheagreedtohelpme.Withconsiderableeffort,hemanagedtodistractthemother,bravingheraggressivebehaviormultipletimes.Thankstohiscourageousattempts,Iwasabletoedgecloserandsuccessfullypushthelittleswanoutofthegap.Iheldmybreath,hopingthatitwasnotinjured,butreliefwashedovermeasIsawitswimaway,alive.Inspring,mybodyseemstocomealivewithrenewedenergy.It’snature,notmaterialpossessions,thatshapesus.Iampositivethateachofushasasliceofnaturenestledinourownneighborhoods.There,weareremindedofwhynaturallifeissoimportant-itsupportsusaswegrowalongsideit.Personally,Itakesimplejoyinthesightofbabybirds,whichbringsasmiletomyface!Istriveforaminimalistlifestyle,seekingfulfillmentinthebasicharmonyoflivingintunewithNature.28．WhatisspecialabouttheKairakuenPark?A．Ithasmanytreesandswans B．ItisthelargestparkinJapan.C．Itislocatedveryclosetotheauthor’shouse. D．Itisfamousforitslargenumberofplumtrees.29．Whycouldn’ttheauthorgetclosetothestuckswanatfirst?A．Becausethemotherswanwasangryandprotective.B．Becausethestuckswanwastoofarawayfromtheauthor.C．Becausetheauthorwasafraidofhurtingthemotherswan.D．Becausetheoldmansittingonthebenchstoppedtheauthor.30．Howdidtheauthorfeelafterrescuingthestuckswan?A．Excitedandproud. B．Relievedandhopeful.C．Frustratedandhelpless. D．Angryanddisappointed.31．Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheauthor________.A．isreallyanaturelover B．isshortofsomelifeskillC．askspeopletohelptheweak D．callsonmorepeopletoprotecttheenvironment【答案】28．D29．A30．B31．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在公园散步时解救被困黑天鹅宝宝的故事。28．细节理解题。由文章第一段中“NearmyhouseisKairakuPark,oneofthebiggestgardensinJapan,famousforitsvastcollectionofalmost10,000plumtrees.(我家附近是开乐公园，这是日本最大的花园之一，以拥有近一万棵梅树而闻名。)”可知，KairakuPark的特别之处在于它拥有大量的梅树。故选D。29．细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Approachingwiththeintentiontohelp,Ifoundthemother’sprotectiveinstinctsinfullforce.Shewasfiercelyguardingheryoung,preventinganyapproach.(我带着帮助的意图走近，却发现母亲的保护本能在充分发挥作用。它凶狠地守护着幼崽，不让任何人靠近。)”可知，作者一开始无法接近被困的天鹅是因为母天鹅很生气并且具有保护性。故选A。30．细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Iheldmybreath,hopingthatitwasnotinjured,butreliefwashedovermeasIsawitswimaway,alive.(我屏住呼吸，希望它没有受伤，但当我看到它活着游走时，我如释重负。)”可知，作者在救出被困的天鹅后感到宽慰和充满希望。故选B。31．推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Iampositivethateachofushasasliceofnaturenestledinourownneighborhoods.There,weareremindedofwhynaturallifeissoimportant-itsupportsusaswegrowalongsideit.Personally,Itakesimplejoyinthesightofbabybirds,whichbringsasmiletomyface!Istriveforaminimalistlifestyle,seekingfulfillmentinthebasicharmonyoflivingintunewithNature.(我相信每个人的生活环境中都有属于自己的自然一角。在那里，我们被提醒自然生命的重要性——它伴随我们的成长给予支持。对我个人而言，看到小鸟们就能感到简单的快乐，这让我脸上露出了笑容！我追求简约的生活方式，寻求在与自然和谐共处的基本和谐中找到满足。)”可知，作者是一个真正的自然爱好者。故选A。DInsectscausebillionsofdollarsofdamagetocropseveryyear,drivingfarmerstoapplypesticidesonanindustrialscale,athugeexpenseandoftenwithunwelcomeecologicalsideeffects.Theytakethis,carpet-bombingapproachbecausetheylackinformationaboutwhereandwhenitisbesttohitpests,andnobodywantstousetoolittlepesticideandthusrisklosingcrops.TechnologistsatFarmSense,afirminRiverside,California,hopetochangethat.Theestablishedapproachtodetectinginsectpests,mothsinparticular,istoemploypheromone-baited(以外外激素为诱饵的)stickytraps.Pheromonesarechemicalswhichanimalsusetocommunicate—andespeciallytoattractmembersoftheoppositesex.Anappropriatelybaitedstickytrapgivesafairideaofthenumberandtypeofpestsaround,butnotwithsufficientdetailfortheaccurateapplicationofpestcontrolmeasures.FarmSense’sresearchersbelievetheycandobetter.Thecompany’sdevice,FlightSensor,hasbeeninfull-scaletestsonfarmssince2020andisabouttobemadegenerallyavailable.Itdoes,nottrapinsects.Rather,itdetectsthemwithalaserastheyflyby.Thedevelopers’findingwasthattheshadowsofpassingwingsproducethesamesignalasthesoundofthewingbeatsrecordedbyamicrophone.Forthefirstgroupoftargetstheresultsareimpressive.Navelorangewormmoths,inparticular,areacommonpestofalmondandpistachiotreesbothimportanttoCalifornianagriculture.FlightSensorcanidentifythemaccuratelymorethan99%ofthetime.Andthedeviceisstillimprovingitscapability,andaddingnewspeciesasitgetsmoredata.Sometimesitcandistinguishinsectswhich,toahumaneye,lookidentical.Farmsense’sapproachworks,betterthanmicrophonesforrecording,wingbeatsbecausetheinsectsunderinvestigationarequietandthesoundtheysendoutisthuseasilylostinbackgroundnoise.Theyareeasilydetectablebylaser,though.Andwhilestickytrapsareatleastasolutionforlargemoths,theFarmSensesensorpicksupextremelysmallmoths.Fromfarmtolab,then,identifyinginsectswithFlightSensotmaysoonbealltherageonfarms.32．Whatistheproblemwiththecarpetbombingapproach?A．Ithasverylittleeffect. B．Ittakestoomuchtime.C．It’sweatherdependent. D．It’scostlyanddamaging.33．HowdoesFlightSensorwork?A．Ituseslightforinsectanalysis.B．Itdetectschemicalsfrominsects.C．Itworksbyrecordingwingbeats.D．Ittrapsinsectsbygivingoutsound.34．Whatcanwesayaboutnavelorangewormmoths?A．Theyarehardlyundercontrolatpresent.B．TheyareathreattoCalifornianagriculture.C．TheyarecleverenoughtoavoidFlightSensor.D．TheyareanewspeciesdiscoveredinCalifornia.35．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“alltherage”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Wellprotected. B．Quicklyremoved.C．Widelyadopted. D．Closelychecked.【答案】32．D33．A34．B35．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了昆虫每年给农作物造成数十亿美元的损失，迫使农民以工业规模使用杀虫剂，但杀虫剂会带来严重的副作用。FarmSense公司的研究人员开发了一种设备，可以精确地控制杀虫剂的使用量，从而减少对环境的破坏。32．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Insectscausebillionsofdollarsofdamagetocropseveryyear,drivingfarmerstoapplypesticidesonanindustrialscale,athugeexpenseandoftenwithunwelcomeecologicalsideeffects.(昆虫每年给农作物造成数十亿美元的损失，迫使农民以工业规模使用杀虫剂，代价巨大，而且往往带来不受欢迎的生态副作用。)”可知，地毯炸弹法成本高，破坏性高。故选D项。33．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thecompany’sdevice,FlightSensor,hasbeeninfull-scaletestsonfarmssince2020andisabouttobemadegenerallyavailable.Itdoes,nottrapinsects.Rather,itdetectsthemwithalaserastheyflyby.(该公司的设备FlightSensor自2020年以来一直在农场进行全面测试，即将全面上市。它不会诱捕昆虫。相反，当它们飞过时，它会用激光探测它们。)”可知，FlightSensor通过使用光来分析昆虫。故选A项。34．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Navelorangewormmoths,inparticular,areacommonpestofalmondandpistachiotreesbothimportanttoCalifornianagriculture.(特别是脐橙毛虫蛾，是杏仁树和开心果树的常见害虫，这两种树对加州的农业都很重要。)”可知，脐橙毛虫蛾对加州的农业构成威胁。故选B项。35．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Andwhilestickytrapsareatleastasolutionforlargemoths,theFarmSensesensorpicksupextremelysmallmoths.(虽然粘捕器至少可以解决大型飞蛾的问题，但FarmSense传感器可以捕捉到非常小的飞蛾。)”以及划线短语句中“Fromfarmtolab,then,identifyinginsectswithFlightSensotmaysoonbealltherageonfarms.(因此，从农场到实验室，用FlightSensot识别昆虫可能很快在农场alltherage)”可知，此处为很快就会在农场流行起来。由此可知，和C选项Widelyadopted“广泛采用”意思相近。故选C项。第二节（共5小题,每小题2.5分,共12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Intoday’srapidlyevolvingworld,theimportanceofcriticalthinkingcannotbeoverstated.36Itnotonlyhelpsstudentsanalyzeinformationandsolveproblemsbutalsopreparesthemforthecomplexitiesofthefutureworkplace.Thisessaywilldiscussthenecessityofcriticalthinkinginmoderneducationanditsvariousbenefits.Criticalthinkingfosters(促进)intellectualcuriosityandaloveforlearning.Whenstudentsareencouragedtoquestionandanalyze,theydevelopadeeperunderstandingofthesubjectstheystudy.37Thisleadstoamoreengagedandmotivatedlearningexperience.Criticalthinkingskillsareessentialformakinginformeddecisions.Inanagewhereinformationisreadilyavailablebutoftenunreliable,theabilitytoevaluatesourcesanddiscern(辨别)factsfromfictioniscrucial.Studentsmustlearntoevaluateinformationcriticallyandmakeinformeddecisionsbasedonthatevaluation.3839Whenstudentsarenotafraidtochallengeconventionalwisdomandthinkoutsidethebox,theycomeupwithnovelsolutionstocomplexproblems.Thisabilitytothinkcriticallyandindependentlyiswhatsetshumansapartfromotheranimalsandmachines.Thisfostersanenvironmentofcreativityandinnovation,whichisvitalforprogressanddevelopmentinanyfield.Inconclusion,theinclusionofcriticalthinkinginmoderneducationisnotjustaniceadditionbutanecessity.40Itpreparesstudentsforthechallengesofthefutureandequipsthemwiththeskillstheyneedtosucceedinanincreasinglycomplexworld.A．Criticalthinkingpromotescreativityandinnovation.B．Peopleholddifferentviewsonalmosteverythingbecauseofthis.C．Asaresult,studentswillbebetterequippedtonavigatethecomplexitiesoflife.D．Withouttheseskills,studentsmayfallpreytomisinformationandmakepoorchoices.E．Therefore,integratingcriticalthinkingintoeducationalcurriculaisextremelyimportant.F．Thisencouragesthemtoexplorenewideasandconcepts,expandingtheirknowledgebase.G．Criticalthinkingistheabilitytoanalyzeandreasonaboutinformationinalogicalandobjectivemanner.【答案】36．G37．F38．D39．A40．E【导语】本文为一篇说明文，说明了批判性思维在现代化教育上的重要性。36．前文“Intoday’srapidlyevolvingworld,theimportanceofcriticalthinkingcannotbeoverstated.(在当今快速发展的世界，批判性思维的重要性怎么强调都不为过。)”说明批判性思维的重要性，后文“Itnotonlyhelpsstudentsanalyzeinformationandsolveproblemsbutalsopreparesthemforthecomplexitiesofthefutureworkplace.(它不仅帮助学生分析信息和解决问题，而且还为他们未来工作的复杂性做好准备)”同样描述批判性思维的重要些，G选项“批判性思维是一种以逻辑和客观的方式分析和推理信息的能力”引出批判性思维的定义，引出话题，符合本段语境。故选G。37．前文“Whenstudentsareencouragedtoquestionandanalyze,theydevelopadeeperunderstandingofthesubjectstheystudy.(当学生被鼓励提问和分析时，他们对所学习的科目有了更深入的理解)”表明学生被鼓励提问和分析导致对于科目有更深入的了解，F选项“这鼓励他们探索新的想法和概念，扩大他们的知识基础”表示在什么方面有更深的了解。其中This指代前文的“studentsareencouragedtoquestionandanalyze”。故选F。38．前文“Criticalthink