高三英语试卷分类汇编英语阅读理解(教育文化)(及答案)

高三英语试卷分类汇编英语阅读理解(教育文化)(及答案)一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类1．阅读理解

Recently,peopleintheUSeducationhavegotextremelyworriedbecauseanewreporthasshownthatAmericanstudentshaveamathsproblem.

The2015ProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessment(评估)(PISA)showsmathsscoresintheUSgettinglowerandnoimprovementinscienceorreading.PISAtests15-year-oldsfromdifferentcountriesandregionsintheirmaths,scienceandreadingskills.About540,000studentsfrom72countriesandregionstookpartintheassessmentin2015.

USscoresinreadingandsciencewereaboutthesameasthreeyearsago,leavingAmericansnearthemiddleofthebiggergroup.Butthesituationinmathsismuchmoreworrying.TheUSaveragescorewas470,belowtheOECD(经合组织)testaverageof490,meaningtheUSwasNo.40amongthe72countriesandareas.Itwas12pointslowerthanin2012and18pointslowerthanin2009.So,whatisgoingonwithAmericanstudents'mathsskills?

OnereasonmaybethattheUSdoesnotteachmathsinenoughdepth."StudentsareoftengoodatansweringthefirstpartofaproblemintheUnitedStates,"saidAndreasSchleicher,directorofeducationandskillsatOECD."Butassoonasstudentshavetogodeeperandanswerthemorecomplicatedpartofaproblem,theyhavedifficulties."Incomparison,manyhigh-performingcountriesandregionsinmathsteachalotlessbutfocusinmuchgreaterdepth,especiallywhenyoulookatEastAsia,JapanandSingapore,accordingtoSchleicher.

AnotherreasonmaybethefactthatmanypeopleintheUSareunwillingtotraveltoforeigncountriestolearnbetterteachingpractices."OneofourbiggestchallengesintheUSisthattheteachersarenotgoingoutandseeingwhathigh-performingcountriesdodifferently,"saidWendyKopp,whostartedTeachforAmerica,inanewsprogramme.（1）Whenitcomestothe2015PISAresults,peopleintheUSeducationaremoreconcernedabout

.A.

theUSaveragescoreB.

thedifferencesfromthepreviousPISAC.

Americanstudents'performanceinmathsD.

Americanstudents'situationinscienceandreadingskills（2）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Americanstudentsarenotinterestedinsimplemathsproblems.B.Americanstudentsareunwillingtogoabroadforfurtherstudy.C.Americanmathsteachersenvyhigh-performingcountriesbetterteachingskills.D.Americanmathsteachersseldomteachstudentshowtosolvecomplicatedproblems.（3）Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.ToinformpeopleofAmericanstudents'2015PISAresults.B.ToanalysethecausesofAmericanstudents'problemswithmaths.C.TostresstheimportanceoflearningmathswelltoAmericastudents.D.TogiveAmericanmathsteacherssomeadviceonhowtoteachmaths.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了2015年PISA评估结果显示美国学生的数学成绩较之以前有明显下降,进而分两方面阐述了造成这一结果的原因。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Recently,peopleintheUSeducationhavegotextremelyworriedbecauseanewreporthasshownthatAmericanstudentshaveamathsproblem.”可知美国的教育界人士最近非常担心的是美国学生在数学上的表现,“anewreport”指的正是下文的2015年的PISA,故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“OnereasonmaybethattheUSdoesnotteachmathsinenoughdepth.”可知美国的数学教学深度不够,导致；以及“Butassoonasstudentshavetogodeeperandanswerthemorecomplicatedpartofaproblem,theyhavedifficulties.”美国学生在复杂问题的求解上有很大的困难。故选D。（3）考查主旨大意。由PISA评估引出问题“…whatisgoingonwithAmericanstudents’mathsskills?”,美国学生的数学技能怎么样了?接着下文的两段分别列出了“Onereason…”和“Anotherreason…”,分析了美国学生在数学上出现问题的原因,故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解

BrianGreene,aprofessorofphysicsandmathematicsatColumbiaUniversity,hascreatedanonlinescienceeducationplatform.Hetriesto"buildabridge"withthingsyouknowabout,andthen"bringyouacrossthatbridgetothestrangeplaceofmodernphysics".

RecentlyIhadachancetoaskGreeneaboutwormholes(aholewhichsomescientiststhinkmightexist,connectingpartsofspaceandtimethatarenotusuallyconnected),timetravelandothermysteriesoftheuniverse.Iaskedhimamillion-dollarquestion:WhatifIwentthroughaworm-holeandpreventedmyparentsfrommeeting?"Mostofusbelievethattheuniversemakessense,"Greenesaid.Althoughthereareseveralinterestingtheoriesabouttimetravel,headded,thelawsofphysicswouldprobablypreventsomethingsoillogicalfromtakingplace.Thegoodnewsisthatthetimeparadox(悖论)isopenforfuturephysiciststosolve.

Whenaskedhowphysicscouldbecomemoreexcitingforkids,GreenesaidthatbooksbyStephenWeinberg,LeonardSusskind,andotherphysicists,"makeitagreattimeforpeoplewhowanttolearnaboutbigideasbutaren'tyetready,perhaps,tolearnmaths".

WhenIpointedoutthatsomestudentsstillmightfindphysicsboring,Greenesaidthatthekeyistoteachthemaboutthingsthatarestrange."Thebasicstuffisimportant,"Greenesaid."ButIthinkit'sreallyimportanttoalsodescribethemoremodernideas,thingslikeblackholesandtheBigBang.Ifkidshavethoseideasinmind,thenatleastsomeofthemwillbeexcitedtolearnallthedetails."

GreenehasfollowedAlbertEinstein'sleadintryingtosolvethemysteriesoftheuniverse.Nowhewantskidstodothesame.AsGreenesaid,physicsis"notjustamatterofsolvingproblemsinanexam".It'saboutexperimenting,showinganinterestinstrangephenomena(现象)—andhavingfun!（1）Amillion-dollarquestionisprobablyvery

.A.directB.difficultC.personalD.long（2）ThebooksbyWeinbergandSusskind

.A.areboringtoreadB.aremainlyaboutmathsC.arepopularsciencebooksD.areonlypopularamongkids（3）AccordingtoParagraph4,whichofthefollowingdoesGreeneagreewith?A.Modernphysicsisaboringsubject.B.Interestplaysanimportantroleinstudying.C.Itisnotnecessarytolearnallaboutphysics.D.ItiseasytodescribeblackholesandtheBigBang.（4）Inthelastparagraph,Greenehopesthat

.A.kidscanlovescienceandphysicsB.kidscandowellinphysicsexamsC.kidscanhavefunwithexperimentsD.kidscanfindmorestrangethingsinlife【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，物理和数学教授BrianGreene希望更多的孩子可以对现代物理学感兴趣。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段Greene对这个问题的解释以及他说需要未来的物理学家去解决可知,作者提出的这个问题非常难。故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“…booksby…‘makeitagreattimeforpeoplewhowanttolearnaboutbigideasbutaren'tyetready,perhaps,tolearnmaths'.”可知,Greene认为Weinberg和Susskind等物理学家写的书浅显易懂,适合普通大众阅读,故这些书属于受欢迎的科普读物。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段可知,当作者指出一些学生觉得物理无聊时,Greene说重要的是向孩子们讲述一些稀奇古怪的事,并描述一些诸如黑洞和宇宙大爆炸的现代物理现象,如果孩子们知道了这些,他们中的一些就愿意了解所有详细的内容。因此可推知他认为兴趣在学习过程中起着非常重要的作用。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“GreenehasfollowedAlbertEinstein'sleadintryingtosolvethemysteriesoftheuniverse.Nowhewantskidstodothesame.”可知,Greene希望孩子们可以像他一样对科学和物理感兴趣,去探索宇宙的奥秘。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解

AsaFulbright（富布莱特法案基金）scholaratYale,Iwantedverymuchtogetsomeindividualhelpfromsomefamousprofessors,buttheiroffice-hourswereonlyonceaweekandtherewerealwaysstudentswaitingoutside.Atfirst,Iwastoopolitetogettheirhelp.ThenIrealizedthatChinesepolitenessdoesnotworkinthissociety.IneededtobeaggressivetogetwhatIwanted.IalsonoticedthatChinesestudentsorAsianstudentswereverypoliteinclasswhileAmericanstudentsofteninterruptedtheprofessor,askingquestionsanddominatingthediscussion.TheChinesestudentswerenotasaggressiveasAmericanstudents.

Iwasimpressedbytheroleoftheprofessorintheclass.Theprofessordidn'tactasanauthority,givingfinalconclusions,butasaresearcherlookingforanswerstoquestionstogetherwiththestudents.Onelinguisticfeatureofhisinteractingwithhisstudentswasthatheusedmanymodalverbs-farmorethanIdidinBeiwai.Whenansweringquestions,heusuallysaid:"thisismypersonalopinionanditcouldbewrong.ItwouldbeagoodideaifyoucouldreadthebookImentionedtheotherday."Or,"YoumayfindthebookIrecommendedhelpful."Or,"Youcouldberight,butyoumightfindthispointofviewalsointeresting."Whenmakingcommentsonstudents'performances,theprofessorusuallysaid:"Itmighthavebeenmuchclearerifyouhadtakeninsomeoftheideaswediscussedearlierthissemester."

InChina,authoritiesarealwayssupposedtogivewisedecisionsandcorrectdirections.Thereforestudentsalwaysexpecttheprofessortogiveananswertothequestion.Istillrememberhowannoyedtheywerewhenforeignteachersdidnotprovidesuchananswer.TheirexpectationsfromauthoritiesaremuchhigherthanthoseofAmericanstudents.OncetheChinesestudentsgottheanswer,theyweresureaboutit.ThatiswhytheymakefarmorecertainstatementthanAmericanstudents.ThatiswhyChinesestudentsfinditdifficulttousemodalverbsbecausethefunctionofmodalverbsistoprovideroomfornegotiationanddifferentideas.（1）TheAmericanprofessorsusemanymodalverbsbecausetheywantto______.A.

arguewiththeirstudents

B.

bemoresureabouttheiranswersC.

expresstheirideasmoreclearly

D.

developtheirstudents'ownwayofthinking（2）Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressestheauthor'sidea?A.

Chineseprofessorscanalwaysgivecorrectanswertothequestion.B.

Americanprofessorsarenotresponsiblesincetheydon'tgivestudentsanswers.C.

Americaneducationproducesaggressivestudents.D.

EducationinChinaisnothelpfulindevelopingstudents'creativity.（3）Whichofthefollowingmethodsdidtheauthormainlyemployindevelopingthearticle?A.

Comparisonandcontrast.

B.

Causeandeffect.

C.

Givingexamples.

D.

Description.（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardseducationinU.S.?A.

Positive

B.

Negative

C.

Neutral

D.

Unsure【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】文章描述中西方不同的文化背景下，学生的学习方式和表达方式的不同。（1）推理判断题。根据第二段的内容Theprofessordidn'tactasanauthority,givingfinalconclusions,butasaresearcherlookingforanswerstoquestionstogetherwiththestudents.教授并不作为权威，给出最后答案，而是作为研究者，和学生一起寻找问题的答案。下句说到他们和学生交流的语言特征是使用很多的情态动词，并举了很多例句，因此可推断美国教授这样做是为了发展学生自己的思维方式。故选D。（2）推理判断题。根据最后一段中作者的描述，中国学生总是期待教授给出问题的答案，他们对权威的期待比美国学生高的多，一旦中国学生得到答案，他们就很确定。可推断中国教育对发展学生的创造力是没有帮助的。故选D。（3）细节理解题。通读全文可知，文章通过比较和对比来说明中西方学生的学习方式和教育方式的不同。故选A。（4）细节理解题。作者只是通过比较和对比来描述中西方学生的学习方式和教育方式的不同，并没有对美国教育加以评论，故作者对美国教育的态度是中立的。故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解，涉及推理判断题和细节理解题。推理判断题要注意联系上下文，推断出所需信息；细节理解题要注意仔细阅读文章，从文中找出所需答案。4．阅读理解

Childrenshoulddohousework.That'sacontroversialidea,thoughnoteveryonewilladmitit.Afewparentswilldeclarethattheirchildrenaretoobusyforhousework.Manymoreofusassignhousework,orsaywebelieveinthem,butthehouseworkjustdoesn'tgetdone.

That'saproblem.Forstarters,houseworkisgoodforkids.Beingapartoftheroutineworkofrunningahouseholdhelpschildrendevelopanawarenessoftheneedsofothers,whileatthesametimecontributingtotheiremotionalwell-being.

Onesmallstudy,doneoveraperiodof25years,foundthatthebestpredictorforyoungadultssuccessintheirmid-20swaswhethertheyparticipatedinhouseholdtasksatage3or4.Thoseearlysharedresponsibilitiesextendedtoasenseofresponsibilityinotherareasoftheirlives.

Butforallthattheirhelpmatters,fewkidsaredoingmucharoundthehouseatall.Inasurveyof1,000Americanadults,75percentsaidtheybelievedregularhouseworkmadekids"moreresponsible".Yetwhile82percentreportedhavinghadregularhouseworkgrowingup,only56percentofthosewithchildrensaidtheyrequiredthemtodohousework.

Sportsandhomeworkarenotget-out-of-housework-freecards.Thegoal,afterall,istoraiseadultswhocanbalanceacaringroleintheirfamiliesandcommunitieswithwhateverlifetimeachievementgoalstheychoose.Houseworkteachesthatbalance.

Whatshouldyoudowhengettingchildrentodohousework?Acceptnoexcuses.Don'tworryifyoumustrepeatyourselfagainandagain.Ifyou'respendingmoretimegettingthechildtodothisjobthanitwouldtaketodoityourself,thenyou'redoingitright.Cananallowancehelp?Maybe.Butifyou'retryingtoteachkidstosharetheresponsibilityofahome,payingthemforroutinehouseworkisnottherightmessage.（1）Whatismostparents'problemwithchildrendoinghousework?A.

Theyareagainsttheidea.

B.

Theyfailtoputitintopractice.C.

Theydoubtthepossibilityofit.

D.

Theyarefindingexcusesfortheirchildren.（2）Whydoestheauthormentionthesmallstudy?A.

Tostatethereasonsforearlysuccess.B.

Togiveexamplesofsomesuccessfulpeople.C.

Toprovedoinghouseworkisbeneficial.D.

Tosuggestkidstakeresponsibilityfortheirbehavior.（3）AccordingtothesurveyofAmericanadults,howmanyofthemusedtodohouseworkaschildren?A.820.B.560.C.750.D.440.（4）Whydoestheauthorwritethelastparagraph?A.Tocriticizesomeirresponsibleparents.B.Todiscusstheimpactofagoodfamilyatmosphere.C.Toadviseparentstospendmoretimewiththeirkids.D.Toofferparentssomeadviceonassigningchildrenhousework.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者认为孩子应该分担家务，这不仅有利于培养他们的责任心，而且能提升他们的幸福感。而且家务能够让孩子在家庭和社区中的关爱角色与他们选择的任何终身成就目标之间取得平衡，文章最后说明一些关于分配孩子做家务的建议。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Afewparentswilldeclarethattheirchildrenaretoobusyforhousework.Manymoreofusassignhousework,orsaywebelieveinthem,butthehouseworkjustdoesn'tgetdone.”一些父母会说他们的孩子太忙了，没有时间做家务。我们中更多的人会分配家务，或说我们相信他们，但家务就是做不完。可知少数家长觉得孩子学业太忙无暇做家务，但多数家长即便认为孩子该做家务，实际生活中也没有很好地付诸实践。可知对大多数父母来说让孩子做家务存在的问题是他们没有把它付诸实践。故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Thoseearlysharedresponsibilitiesextendedtoasenseofresponsibilityinotherareasoftheirlives.”那些早期共同承担的

责任扩展到了他们生活的其他领域。可知文章在第二段介绍了孩子做家务的好处，第三段用一项研究具体阐释了第二段的内容。该研究表明，孩子幼时做家务预示着成年后较早成功，因为做家务过程中培养出的责任感会迁移到生活的其他方面。可知作者提到研究是为了证明让孩子做家务是有益的。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Yetwhile82percentreportedhavinghadregularhouseworkgrowingup,only56percentofthosewithchildrensaidtheyrequiredthemtodohousework.”然而，82%的人称自己在成长过程中经常做家务，而只有56%的有孩子的人称自己需要孩子做家务。可知，参与调查的1000个人中，82%的人说自己成长过程中经常做家务，即有820人小时候做过家务。故选A。（4）考查推理判断。最后一段中的“Whatshouldyoudowhengettingchildrentodohousework?”要让孩子做家务时你应该做什么?，是本段的主题句，作者在本段就“如何让孩子参与到家务事中”向家长提供了建议。可知作者写的最后一段是给父母一些关于分配孩子做家务的建议。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解

SomeAfricanschoolsareaddingprogramsthatteachwhatofficialsarecalling"softskills"tostudents.Softskillsarepersonalqualitiesthathelpapersonrelateeffectivelytoothers.Officialssaythiskindoftrainingcanhelpstudentssucceedinthejobmarketandinlife.

ThetrainingisbeingofferedattheSt.BernadetteKamonyiSecondarySchoolinKigali,Rwanda.Forweeks,itsstudentshavebeenvisitingneighborhoodbusinesses.Thegoalofthesefieldtripsisfortheyoungpeopletolearnwhatisnecessarytosecureajob.

Forthesecondaryschoolstudents,thisinformationisimportant.Inafewmonths,they'llcompletetheirstudiesandtrytheirbesttofindwork.OneoftheRwandanstudentsis22-year-oldAminadabNiyitegeka.Hesayshewilllookforanyjobavailable.Hehopesthatwhathelearnsinhisworkreadinessclasswillhelp.Traditionally,secondaryschoolsinAfricahavespentmoretimeonsubjectslikemathematicsandscience,largelyignoringareaslikepublicspeakingandteamwork.Butthatischanging.Schoolsareexploringnewteachingmodelstooffersoftskillsandprofessionaltraining.Itispartofanefforttopreparestudentstobecomebettercommunicators,problemsolversandcitizens(公民).

RwandahasstartedaworkreadinesstrainingprogramcalledAkaziKanozeAccess.Itmeans"workwelldone"inKinyarwanda,theofficiallanguageofRwanda.Theprogramhastrainedmorethan20,000studentstohelpmakethemmoreappealingtoemployers.

EmmanuelNtagungiraisateacherandworksasatrainerforAkaziKanozeAccess,Heoftenvisitsemployerswhohavegivenjobstohighschools.Theemployersareveryhappybecausethegraduatesarereadytowork.Hesayshehopestheprogramwillhelplowerunemployment,whichstandsatover13percentnationwide.Healsoexplainsthatthegraduateshaveahealthymindsetandemployersaresatisfiedwiththejobthey'vebeendoing.（1）Whichofthefollowingisnotanexampleof"softskills"?A.Beingcompetentinsoftware.B.Communicatingwithotherswell.C.Makingagoodspeechinpublic.D.Havingagoodsenseofcooperation.（2）InwhatwayhavesecondaryschoolsinAfricachanged?A.Theyfocusonmathematicsandscience.B.Theyignoreareaslikepublicspeakingandteamwork.C.Theyapplynewteachingmethods.D.Theymakeanefforttoofferstudentssoftskills.（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.TheprogramKaziKanozeAccessaimstoappealtoemployers.B.AminadabNiyitegekawilldefinitelyfindagoodjobaftergraduation.C.Studentswithsoftskillsarelikelytogetalongwellwithothers.D.Studentshavebeenvisitingneighborhoodbusinessestosecureajob.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在非洲一些地区和学校实施的“软技能”项目，即关注学生个人品质教学项目的实施情况，这种培训可以帮助学生在就业市场和生活中取得成功。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Softskillsarepersonalqualitiesthathelpapersonrelateeffectivelytoothers”可知，软技能是指人的品质，能帮助人与人之间有效交流的品质。所以软件操作不是个人品质，就不是软技能。故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Traditionally,secondaryschoolsinAfricahavespentmoretimeonsubjectslikemathematicsandscience,largelyignoringareaslikepublicspeakingandteamwork.Butthatischanging.Schoolsareexploringnewteachingmodelstooffersoftskillsandprofessionaltraining”可知传统上，非洲的中学花时间在数学和科学等科目上，很大程度上会忽略公共演讲和团队协作等领域。但现在这样的情况正在改变。学校正在探索新的教学模式以提供软技能和专业训练。所以非洲中级学校的改变是他们努力教给学生软技能。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Softskillsarepersonalqualitiesthathelpapersonrelateeffectivelytoothers.Officialssaythiskindoftrainingcanhelpstudentssucceedinthejobmarketandinlife”可知软技能是指人的品质，能帮助人与人之间有效交流的品质。权威人士说这样的训练能帮助学生在找工作和生活中成功。因此软技能帮学生跟人和睦相处。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解

Stressisoneofthemostcommoncausesofhealthproblemsinmodernlife.Toomuchstressresultsinphysical,emotional,andmentalhealthproblems.

Therearenumerousphysicaleffectsofstress.Stresscanaffecttheheart.Itcanincreasethepulserate,maketheheartmissbeats,andcancausehighbloodpressure.Stresscanaffecttherespiratory(呼吸的)system.Itcanleadtoasthmaandcauseapersontobreathetoofast,resultinginalossofimportantcarbondioxide.Stresscanaffectthestomach.Itcancausestomachachesandproblemsofdigestingfood.Theseareonlyafewexamplesofthewiderangeofillnessesandsymptomsresultingfromstress.

Emotionsarealsoeasilyaffectedbystress.Peoplesufferingfromstressoftenfeelanxious.Theymayhavepanicattacksandfeeltiredallthetime.Whenpeopleareunderstress,theyoftenoverreacttolittleproblems.Forexample,anormallygentleparentunderalotofstressatworkmayyellatachildfordroppingaglassofjuice.Stresscanmakepeopleangry,moody,ornervous.

Long-termstresscanleadtoavarietyofseriousmentalillnesses.Depression,anextremefeelingofsadnessandhopelessness,canbetheresultofcontinuedandincreasingstress.Alcoholismandotheraddictionsoftendevelopasaresultofoveruseofalcoholordrugstotrytorelieve(释放)stress.Ifstressisallowedtocontinue,thenone'smentalhealthisputatrisk.

Itisobviousthatstressisaseriousproblem.Itattacksthebody.Itaffectstheemotions.Untreated,itmayeventuallyresultinmentalillness.Stresshasagreatinfluenceonthehealth,ourfeelingsandourminds.So,reducestress:stoptheworldandrestforawhile.（1）Whatphysicaleffectsdoesstressresultin?A.Overreactingtolittleproblems.B.Makingbloodpressurelow.C.Sufferingfromdepression.D.Increasingthepulserate.（2）Whichonebelongstotheemotionalproblem?A.Alcoholabuse.B.Drugaddiction.C.MuchAnxiety.D.Heartbeatmissing.（3）Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Stresscausingmentalproblems.B.Stresscausingphysicalproblems.C.Stresscausingemotionalproblems.D.Stresscausingpanicattacks.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在现代社会中，压力是很多健康问题的原因之一。作者分析了压力可能会给大家带来的身体方面的问题、情绪方面以及精神方面的问题。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Therearenumerousphysicaleffectsofstress.”压力对身体有很多影响。可知，这一段主要将压力对身体可能带来的影响；以及“Itcanincreasethepulserate,maketheheartmissbeats,andcancausehighbloodpressure.”它能加速脉率，使心脏停止跳动以及能造成高血压，可知，加速脉率是压力可能对身体造成的影响之一。故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Peoplesufferingfromstressoftenfeelanxious.”压力大的人常常感到焦虑。可知，焦虑是压力可能对人的情绪带来的影响之一。所以焦虑属于情感问题。故选C。（3）考查主旨大意。根据第四段中的“Long-termstresscanleadtoavarietyofseriousmentalillnesses.”长期压力能带来很多严重的精神疾病，可知，本段主要讨论压力可能带来的精神问题。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

Astudyof3,884studentsfromprimaryschoolstocollegesfoundthatexaminationsmade83.1percentofprimarystudentsanxious,andmorethan40percentofhighschoolchildrenwereoutofsorts(身体不适)becauseofstressandanxiety.

Moreover,75percentofthehighschoolrespondentsadmittedthattheyhadproblemstalkingtotheirparentsandmorethan55percentofthemfoundithardtoassociatewithotherpeople,accordingtothestudy.

Itisnotdifficulttoconcludethatourchildrenarenothappy.

Today'skidsarecominghomefromschoolweigheddownwithbackpacksfullofbooksandworksheets.Theyarespendinghoursatdeskatnight,seldomgoingoutsidetoplayandgettingtobedlate.

Howcanthisbeagoodthing?

Homeworkiseatingawaychildren'stimetoplayfreelywithneighborhoodkids-andmoreimportantly,theirtimetosleep.

Homeworkcanenrichtheeducationprocess.Butlikeallthings,toomuchofitmaydampen(减少）astudent'senthusiasmforlearning.Toraisecheerful,contentedandwell-manneredchildren,parentsneedtoputinalotoftimeandeffort.Theireyesshouldgobeyondtheirchildren'spreparationsfortests.Childrenneedabreaktoo.Soletthembeincontrolofpartsoftheday.（1）Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Highschoolstudentssuffermorethanprimaryschoolstudents.B.Mostofthestudentshavenoproblemtalkingtotheirparents.C.Theteenagerssufferfromheavyworkload.D.Thestudentsarenothappyathome.（2）Accordingtothetext,whatdothechildrenhavetodowithtoomuchhomework?A.Theyhavetotaketheirbackpacks.B.Theyhavetostayuplate.C.Theyhavetoeatmore.D.Theyhavemoretimetoplayoutdoors.（3）Whatdoestheauthorsuggesttheparentsdo?A.Theyshouldspendmoretimewiththeirchildren.B.Theyneedtoasktheirchildrentoworkhard.C.Theyshouldnotcareabouttheirchildren'stestresults.D.Theyneedtogivechildrenmorefreetime.（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardgivingchildrentoomuchhomework?A.Negative.B.Supportive.C.Unconcerned.D.Uncertain【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了小学生和高中生的压力很大，产生的原因在于青少年的学习负担过于繁重，由此作者向家长们提出呼吁，请给学生们一些自由的时间去放松一下。（1）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的数据83.1%、40%、75%、55%可知，小学生和高中生的压力很大；以及第四段中的“Today'skidsarecominghomefromschoolweigheddownwithbackpacksfullofbooksandworksheets.Theyarespendinghoursatdeskatnight,seldomgoingoutsidetoplayandgettingtobedlate.”可知，孩子们放学回家，书包里装满书和资料。晚上在书桌前学习几个小时，很少出门玩耍并且上床睡觉很晚。这是由现象分析原因，看得出小学生和高中生的压力很大的原因在于青少年的学习负担过于繁重，因此文章的主要内容是青少年的学习负担过于繁重。故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中“Theyarespendinghoursatdeskatnight,seldomgoingoutsidetoplayandgettingtobedlate.”孩子们晚上在书桌前学习几个小时，很少出门玩耍并且上床睡觉很晚，可知，孩子们必须熬夜做过多的家庭作业。故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Theireyesshouldgobeyondtheirchildren'spreparationsfortests.Childrenneedabreaktoo.Soletthembeincontrolofpartsoftheday.”父母的眼睛不要总是关注孩子为考试做的准备。孩子们也需要休息，因此要让他们自由控制一天中的某些时间，可知，作者建议父母需要给孩子更多的空闲时间以使他们得到放松。故选D。（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Howcanthisbeagoodthing?”这怎么可能是一件好事？和“toomuchofitmaydampen（减少）astudent'senthusiasmforlearning”太多作业可能会削弱学生的学习热情，可知，作者对于给孩子太多家庭作业去做这件事持否定态度。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解

Otherpeoplemayhavetheirownideasaboutourlives.Wecanvaluetheiradvice,butwedon'thavetotakeittoheart.

Ourparentshavedreamsforus.Theywantustodowellinschoolandtodowhateverisnecessarytoreachourhighestpotential(潜力).Laterinlife,friendsmaytrytosetusupwiththeirideasoftheperfectpartnerortheperfectjob.Peopleclosetousmayhaveideasabouthowweshouldliveourlives,ideasthatusuallycomefromloveandthedesireforustobehappy.Othertimes,theycomefromaplaceofneedwithinthemwhetheritisaparentwhowantsustoliveouthisorherdreamsorafriendwhowantsustoplayagoodrole.Whateverthecase,wecanappreciateandconsiderthosepeople'sadvice,butultimatelywemustfollowourownguidance.

Theremaycomeatimewhenallthesuggestionscanbecomeoverbearing(专横的).Wemayfeelthatthepeoplewelovedon'tagreeonourjudgment,whichcanhurtourfeelings.Itcanaffectthechoiceswemakeforourlivesbymakingusdoubtourselvesbeforewe'vehadachancetodecidewhatwewant.Wecantellourlovedoneshowmuchweappreciatetheirthoughtsandideas,butthatweneedtoliveourownlivesandmakeourowndecisions.Wecanexplainthattheyneedtoletuslearnfromourownexperiences.Whentheyseethatwearehappywithourlivesandthepathwearetakingtoreachourgoals,theycanmakesurethatallweneedthemtodoistoshareinourjoy.（1）Peopleclosetousoftentellusideastoshowtheir________.A.powerB.concernC.potentialD.happiness（2）Whenafriend'sadviceisoverbearing,wemayfeel__________.A.determinedB.frightenedC.doubtfulD.grateful（3）Whatshouldwedoifwedon'tacceptourfriends'advice?A.Tellthemourchoicesdirectly.B.Letthemexperienceourwaysoflife.C.Shareourownexperienceswiththem.D.Letthemknowweshouldmakeourowndecisions.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AppreciatingSuggestionsB.AvoidingMakingSuggestionsC.AcceptingSuggestionsD.OfferingSuggestions【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，其他人可能对我们的人生规划有帮助，我们可以考虑他们的建议，但是我们没必要全部放在心上。