2025中考英语时文热点专练 28 中国传统工艺：刺绣、虎头鞋、油纸伞、打树花、年画、剪纸、中国结、绝版木刻、灯笼、扇子 （原卷版）

28中国传统工艺刺绣、虎头鞋、油纸伞、打树花、年画、剪纸、中国结、绝版木刻、灯笼、扇子年画（NewYearPaintings），是中国民间艺术中一个分布广泛、种类繁多的艺术品类，广义的年画指民间艺人创作并经由作坊行业刻绘和经营的，以描写和反映民间世俗生活为特征的绘画作品，狭义的年画则指在农历新年时城乡居民张贴或悬挂于门窗、墙面、粮囤等地的绘画或印刷作品。年画起源于中国汉代民间年节时张贴的门神画。北宋时期，由于市民文化的兴起和雕版印刷术的发展，纸质印刷的年画开始在民间广泛流行。在清代，年画业日益兴盛，手绘年画和木板印刷年画并存，清末时还出现了石印年画和融合了西方水彩技法的月份牌年画等新种类。到了现代，年画在题材上加入了反映时事的新内容，在制作手法上也进一步吸收了国画、水彩画等艺术体裁的创作技巧，以及胶版印刷等新技术，推动了年画艺术的进一步发展。[1]根据使用场合和功能的不同，年画大致可分为门神、灶神、“娱教”等类别，[2]在内容上则多以传统故事、民间信仰、日常生活生产场景等为主题。年画一般分为木板刻印、半印半画、手工绘制等几种制作工艺，主要流派包括天津杨柳青年画、山东潍坊杨家埠年画、苏州桃花坞年画等。在春节时张贴年画用于庆贺新年，也表达了希望来年喜庆祥和的美好愿望。2006年5月，年画被列入中国第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。一、完形填空A阅读下面一篇短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。Embroidery(刺绣)isoftenseenas“women’swork”.Peoplethinkthatit’snotusefulforaboytolearnit.SoFuJian’sparentsdidn’twanthimtoworkinthisindustry.ButFudidn’t1.Hebelievedhecoulddoitwell.Fuwasbornintoanembroidery2inYangzhou.Hismotherisamastercraftswoman(女工匠)ofSuzhouembroidery.Fufellinlovewiththisbeautifulartwhenhewasonlyfouryearsold.Inhislastyearofhighschool,Fuwasclearabouthislife3tomakethistraditionalartbecomemorepopular.After4fromcollege,FuandhismotherbuiltaresearchcenterofSuzhouembroidery.Sincethen,hehasinventedmanynewstitches(针法).Hehasalsotrainedmany5.Fuoften6lateintothenight.Evenso,heenjoyshiswork.“IamdoingwhatIlove,soIneverfeel7,”saidFuJian.Mostrecently,theartist“created”apieceofbronzeware(青铜器)oncloth.8gavehimtheideatocreatethiswork?“Manybronzescan9beseeninmuseums.Aworkofembroidery,however,canbehunginone’shomeoroffice.Peoplecanseeitatanytime,”saidFu.Ifyouseethe“bronzeware”above,youmaynot10thatitwasonlymadeoutofthread.1．A．care B．change C．argue2．A．school B．family C．hospital3．A．goal B．hope C．lesson4．A．running B．graduating C．celebrating5．A．parents B．drivers C．workers6．A．works B．studies C．sleeps7．A．happy B．sad C．tired8．A．How B．What C．Where9．A．only B．hardly C．never10．A．explain B．agree C．believeB通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。Doyouknowwhattigerheadshoesare?TheyareakindoftraditionalChineseshoesthat11atigerheaddesigninthefront.Theseshoeswere12inancientChinaandwerewornbybothmenandwomen.Thetigerheadshoesaremadeofclothandhaveaflatsole(鞋底).The13issimple,withthetigerheadinthefrontandaredorblackcolorscheme(配色).Theshoesarelightand14towear,makingthemperfectforeverydayuse.Theseshoesarenot15fashionablebutalsoimportantinChineseculture.Thetigerisa16ofpowerandstrengthinChineseculture.Wearingtheseshoeswasbelievedtobringgoodluckand17thewearersafe.Inrecentyears,tigerheadshoeshavemadeacomebackinChinese18.Manydesignershaveputthetigerheaddesignintotheirmodernclothing,19itapopularfashionstatement.IfyouevervisitChina,besureto20thetigerheadshoesandtrythemonforyourself.Maybetheywillbringyougoodlucktoo!11．A．have B．draw C．paint D．write12．A．expensive B．cheap C．difficult D．popular13．A．design B．size C．color D．price14．A．comfortable B．easy C．ugly D．exciting15．A．even B．still C．only D．already16．A．standard B．way C．symbol D．custom17．A．keep B．stop C．drive D．bring18．A．habit B．hobby C．fashion D．history19．A．taking B．making C．helping D．asking20．A．lookat B．waitfor C．setup D．thinkof二、阅读理解AOver2,000yearsago,LuBan’swifeYuninventedthefirstumbrellatokeepLuofftherain.Thenafterthecreationofpaper(420—589),oilpaperumbrellasappearedandbecamepopular.DuringtheTangDynasty,theytravelledtootherAsiancountriesandwerefamousas“TangUmbrellas”.Inthe1970s,modernumbrellascameout.Theywerelighter,cheaper,andeasiertomake.Oilpaperumbrellasbecamelesspopularandevenfacedthedangerofdisappearing.Luckily,in2008,oilpaperumbrellaswereaddedtotheIntangibleCulturalHeritageList(非物质文化遗产名录).Thishelped▲thecraft(手工艺).CraftsmenlikeBiLiufufromLuzhou,Sichuanaretryingtheirbest,too.Bimadetheworld’slargestpaperumbrellain2016andopenedamuseumin2018.Healsoteachesstudentsatschoolsandsharesthebeautyofoilpaperumbrellasonline.Nowwecanseeoilpaperumbrellasindances,operasandfashionshows.Manyvisitorschoosetotakethemasagiftforfamilyandfriends.Oilpaperumbrellasaren’tjustumbrellas.TheyarepartofChina’shistory.Peoplearelookingfornewwaystomakethempartofthefuture.21．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A．Oilpaperumbrellasarelightertocarry.B．Oilpaperumbrellasarecheapertobuy.C．Oilpaperumbrellasarehardertomake.22．Whatcanbeputinthe▲inParagraph3?A．save B．learn C．create23．HowmanythingshasBidonetomakeoilpaperumbrellaspopular?A．2 B．3 C．424．Whichofthepicturesshowstherightdevelopmentofoilpaperumbrellas?①420—589

②TangDynasty

③Inthe1970s

④2008A． B． C．25．What’sthepurposeofthispassage?A．Tosharetheopinionsofoilpaperumbrellas.B．Tomakeanintroductionofoilpaperumbrellas.C．Todescribethedifficultyofoilpaperumbrellas.BHaveyoueverheardofDaShuhua?It’satraditionalperformancethatisusuallygivenduringbigfestivals,liketheLanternFestivalandtheSpringFestival.Itmeans“creatingtreeflowers”.Peopleshowitbythrowinghotmolteniron(熔化的铁)againstacoldwall.Uponthewall,themoltenironwouldexplode(爆炸)intothousandsofsparks(火花),lookinglikeflowersrainingdown.Themoltenironisabout1,600℃.It’ssodangerousandonemayeasilygethurt,so,it’salsocalled“thegameofthebrave”.Inancienttimespoorpeoplecouldn’tpayforexpensivefireworks.Thentheyfoundthatwhentheheatedironfellontheground,itcouldcreatethesimilarsceneoffireworks.Withalotofexperiments,theyfinallycreatedDaShuhuaanditsoonbecamethewayforpoorpeopletocelebrateimportantfestivals.Actually,nootherplacehasDaShuhua,exceptinNuanquan,avillageinHebeiProvince,andthereareonlyfourperformersleftthere.Whatmakesmattersworseisthefactthatmostofthemareovertheageof40.WangDeistheyoungestperformeramongthem.HehasbeenlearningDaShuhuafromhisfathersincehewas15yearsold.Thoughhehasbeenwoundedseveraltimes,hisloveforithasneverfaded.WangDehopesDaShuhua,oneofthemostvaluableculturaltreasuresofChina,willbecomeknowntomorepeople.“WhenIwasyoung,Ithoughtitwasexciting.Butyearslater,Ialsofeltitwasmyworktopassitontothenextgeneration(一代),”hesays.26．DaShuhuais________fromParagraph1.A．easyandsafetodo B．atraditionalperformanceC．amodernformoffireworks D．alwayscompletedonabigtree27．WhywasDaShuhuadeveloped?A．Toserveasagameforthebrave. B．Tohavefunwithhotmolteniron.C．Tocelebratebigfestivalsforthepoor. D．Totaketheplaceoftraditionalfireworks.28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“faded”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Fallendown. B．Takenplace. C．Comeout. D．Goneaway.29．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．PopularChineseFolkArt B．MixofArtandNatureC．ChineseSpecialFireworks D．GreatChinesePerformersC根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有一项为多余选项。ChineseNewYearpaintingshavealwaysplayedaveryimportantroleintraditionalChinesefolkcultureandareoneofthemostimportantpopularartworks.Forthousandsofyears,30Itisnotonlyfestivedecorations,butalsohasartisticvalues,andshowsChinesepeople’sthoughts,emotionsanddesiresforabetterlife.Simplelines,brightcolorsandhappymoodarecombined(合并)tonameChineseNewYearpaintings.31Thecreationofthemiscloselylinkedwithpeople’sdailylifeandhasstronglocalcharacteristics.Thethemeofthemareoftenpeople’sgoodwishesanduniquelanguage.32BecausetheysharethesamepronunciationinChinese.ThehistoryofChineseNewYearpaintingscandatefromtheHanDynasty.Then,ChineseNewYearPaintingsdevelopedwellinTangandSongdynasties.Next,thisfolkartreachedthepeak(顶峰)intheQingdynasties(1636AD-1912AD).Since1949,modernChineseNewYearPaintingsinherit(继承)manyfinecharacteristics.33TheyrefreshandupgradethetraditionalChineseNewYearPaintings.34TheyareTaohuawuofSuzhou,YangliuqingofTianjin,MianzhuofSichuanandWeifangofShandong.A．Andtheydescribeallfestivalcustoms,lifedetailsandstories.B．TherearefourmainregionsproducingNewYearpaintingsinChina.C．Forexample,afanmeanskindness.D．ithasbeenthecustominmanyplacestopostNewYearpaintingsattheendoftheyear.E．Atthesametime,modernonesaredevelopedbravely.F．itisseenastheendofthepapercuttingthathasalonghistory.D阅读短文，从文后所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一项是多余的选项。WhenpeoplesayChineseculture,weoftenthinkofpapercutting.35Traditionalpaper-cutswerefirstputonwindowsfordecoration(装饰).Thatiswhypaper-cutsarealsocalled“windowflowers”.Mostpaper-cutsaremadeofredpaper,becauseredmeansgoodluckinChineseculture.Today,peopleusepaper-cutstodecoratenotonlywindows,butalsodoorsandotherfurniture.Sometimes,peopleusethemasgifts.Paper-cutsarepopularbecauseoftheirexpressionsofgoodwishesandhopes.DuringtheSpringFestival,forexample,manypeopleputuppaper-cutsoftheChineseCharacters(汉字)“Fu”upsidedownonthedoor.36Atweddingceremonies(婚礼),youcanalwaysseepaper-cutsofthecharacter“Xi”.Itmeansthatthenewcouplecanenjoyhappinesstogether.PapercuttinghasdevelopedintodifferentstylesindifferentpartsofChina.37InsouthernChina,peoplepreferpaper-cutswiththemes(主题)offlowers,fruit,birdsandfish.38Withapieceofpaperandaknifeorapairofscissors,youcantrytomakeyourpaper-cuts.Althoughpapercuttingiseasytostartwith,youneedalotofpracticeandimaginationtobecomereallygoodatit.A．Papercuttingisveryinteresting.B．Theyhopethiscanbringthemgoodluck.C．Paper-cutsfromthenorthofChinausuallyhaveinterestingshapes.D．PapercuttingisanartformwithalonghistoryinChina.E．It’sveryeasytolearnpapercutting.EChinesefancyknots,alsocalledChineseknots,areveryimportantinChineseculture.TheybeganasaformoftraditionalartintheTangandSongDynastiesinChina,andbecamepopularintheMingDynasty.Longago,theyfoundtheirwaytoJapanandsomeSoutheastAsiancountries,andwerewellreceivedthere.NowtheyareregardedasoneofthesymbolsofChineseculture.Asforthenameitself,itissurelymeaningful.TheChinesewordfor“knot”,jie,mean“connection”.AndthepronunciationoftheChineseword“jieisveryclosetothatofji,“goodluck”.Asaresult,Chineseknotsareusedasawaytoexpresspeople’sstrongwishesformarvelousthingslikehappiness,loveandgoodluck.Theknotsareusedwidelyineverydaylife.Theycomeindifferentsizes.Smallonesareconnectedtojewelry,clothesandgiftsinordertodrawpeople’sattention,whilelargeonesareusedtomakealivingroomorstudymorebeautiful.Whetherlargeorsmall,theyarenamedaftertheirshapesandusages.Forexample,DoubleCoinKnotsarecalledShuangqianJiebecausetheyareintheshapeoftwoancientChinesecoinsandmean“goodthingscomeinpairs”.Besides,Chineseknotsarefamousfortheirbrightcolors.Differentcolorshavedifferenttraditionalculturalmeanings.Redmeansgoodluckandhappiness,greenmeanshealth,andyellowmeanswealth.Allinall,thefamousChinesefancyknotsfullyshowtheChineseculture.ThesebrightlycoloredknotswiththeirendlesschainsofknotsmeanthatlifeonEarthwillcontinueforever.39．Thewriterwritesthepassageto________.A．teachpeoplehowtomakeaChineseknot.B．askpeopletobuyChinesefancyknots.C．introduceatraditionalChineseartform.40．DoubleCoinKnotsarecalledShuangqianJiebecauseofits________.A．colorandsize B．usage C．shapeandmeaning41．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheChineseknots?A．Differentcolorshavedifferenttraditionalculturalmeanings.B．Chineseknotsarenamedaftertheirsizes.C．Chineseknotsarefamousfortheirnames.42．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．ChineseCulturalForm. B．ChineseFancyKnots. C．ChineseDynast.三、任务型阅读Manytraditionalwoodcutprintsareeitherblackandwhiteorsimpleincolor,butthereductionwoodcut(绝版木刻)canshowrichcolors.Thereductionwoodcutusesonepieceofwoodtomakeacolorfulartwork.Theartistcutsandprintsdifferentlayers(层)inorderonthesamepieceofwood.Thereductionwoodcutbecameanintangibleculturalheritage(非物质文化遗产)inPu’er,Yunnan,in2009.LengGuangmianisareductionwoodcutartist.Lengstartedlearningitin2003.Hesaidthatmakingreductionwoodcutprintsisjustlikeanadventure.“Everytimewecutonthewoodandthenprint,weneverknowwhatitwillbelikeintheend.AsIseebeautifulpatternslayerbylayer,Igetveryexcited,”addedLeng.Butfinishingsuchworkisnoteasy.Hesaidthatbeforecutting,heneedstoplanforthewholeprintandchoosecolorsfordifferentlayers.Abigprintusuallytakesmonthstofinish.LengwantshisartworktoshowbothgreatwoodcuttingskillsandthecultureandlifeinPu’er.“Formyworks,therearetwothemes:TeaHorseRoad,becausePu’erisoneofthestartingplacesofthatroad;anddisappearingvillages,”Lengsaid.“ManyoldvillagesinPu’erneedrebuilding,soIwanttomakepeopleremembertheirbeautybeforetheyaregone.”LengGuangmianisnowgettingmorepeopletoknowaboutthereductionwoodcut.HetrainsfarmersinPu’erandbringstheartintoschools.Tomakestudentsunderstandandlearntheartquickly,heeventhoughtofanewideaofcardboard(纸板)printing.“Byusingasmallcardboardandmakingitsimplerwiththreetofivecolors,studentscangetthebeautyoftheart,”Lengsaid.43．Thereductionwoodcuthasbecomeanintangibleculturalheritageforbynow.44．Lengfeelswhenheseesbeautifulpatternslayerbylayer.45．Leng’sartworksshowbothandthecultureandlifeinPu’er.46．LengmakesmoreknowthereductionwoodcutbyinPu’erandbringingitintoschools.47．DoyouthinkLeng’snewideaofcardboardprintingisgoodornot?Why?四、短文填空A阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。Hangingaredlanterninfrontofthedoorisbelievedtodriveoffbadluck.48firstChinesepaperlanternswereinventedduringtheEasternHanDynasty.InancientChina,peopleraisedlanternstogetlightandwishforabetterlife.Also,lanternswere49(wide)usedonfestivals.Nowadays,ithasbecomeatraditionthatbothbigcitiesandsmalltowns50(fill)withredlanternsduringthefestivals.Thematerialsfor51(make)lanternsaresimple.Peoplecanmakebamboo,woodandmetalintoframes(框架)oflanterns.Paperandsilkarethemainmaterialsforcovers.PeopleliketopaintbeautifulChinesepictureson52(they).Thetraditionallanternsarecoveredbyricepaperwithacandleburninginside.Lightsshinethroughthericepaperatnight.ThatisreallyChinesestyle.Peopleoftenthinkthered,roundlanternswithredorgoldentassels(流苏)arethe53(beautiful).Theyareseen