2024-2025学年广东省广州市越秀区华侨外国语九年级上期中测（解析版）

2024学年上学期九年级期中诊断性调研英语问卷(时间:100分钟,分值:90分)一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Awisemanwasonhislongjourneywithayoungman.Nightwasfalling,sotheydecidedtofindaplace1.Theysearchedforalongtimeandatlastfoundatinyoldhouse.Apoorfamilylivedinit.Theygavethetwovisitorsawarmwelcomeandpreparedasimplemeal2themincludingfreshmilkandcheese. Afterthemeal,thewisemanaskedhowtheymadealivinginsuchapoorplace.Inalowvoicethehusbandreplied,“Wehave3cow.Wesellhermilktoourneighborsandkeepsomefor4ownneeds—makesomecheeseandcream.”Thenextmorning,thetwovisitorscontinuedtheirjourney.5theywalkedafewmiles,thewisemansaidtotheyoungman,“Gobackandpushthecowoffthecliff(悬崖).”“Why?Withoutthecow,they6nothing.”Thewisemanrepeatedhisorder,“Gobackand7thecow.”Theyoungmanwas8aboutthefutureofthefamily.9finallyhereturnedtotheoldhouseanddidasthewisemantoldhim.Afewyearslater,theyoungman10onthesameroad.Hedecidedtovisitthefamilyagain.Tohis11,hesawalargehousewithabeautifulgardenthere.Heknockedonthedoorandawell-dressedmanansweredit.Hewasthesonofthefamily.Themaninvitedhimtoenterthehouseandtoldhim12theirlifechanged.“Youknow,wehad13butacowtokeepusaliveyearsago.Butonedayshefelloffthecliffanddied.Wehadtocomeupwithnewwaysof14aliving.Yousee,wearemuch15thanbefore.”Athiswords,theyoungmansmiled.1. A.tostay B.stay C.staying D.stays2. A.with B.for C.to D.by3. A.a B.an C.the D./4. A.we B.us C.our D.ours5. A.While B.When C.If D.After6. A.willhave B.have C.having D.has7.A.killed B.kill C.tokill D.killing8. A.worry B.worries C.worried D.worriedly9. A.So B.And C.Although D.But10. A.travelled B.travels C.travelling D.hastravelled11.A.surprised B.surprise C.surprisedly D.surprising12. A.what B.when C.how D.where13. A.anything B.something C.everything D.nothing14. Amaking B.make C.madeD.tomaking15. A.good B.better C.best D.well【文章大意】一位智者与年轻人在旅途中借宿于一个贫困家庭，这家靠一头奶牛维持生计。次日，智者却让年轻人将奶牛推下悬崖。多年后，年轻人重访故地，发现曾经的贫困家庭已住上大房子，生活富足。原来奶牛死后，他们被迫寻找新的谋生方式，反而过上了更好的生活。故事揭示了有时打破固有依赖能激发新的发展机遇。1.A.tostay解析：此处需不定式作后置定语，修饰“aplace”，表示“找一个停留的地方”，故选A。2.B.for解析：“preparesth.forsb.”为固定搭配，意为“为某人准备某物”，故选B。3.A.a解析：“cow”为可数名词单数，此处表泛指“一头奶牛”，且以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故选A。4.C.our解析：修饰名词“needs”需用形容词性物主代词“our”，表示“我们自己的需求”，故选C。5.D.After解析：根据语境，“走了几英里”是发生在“继续旅程”之后的动作，用After引导时间状语从句，故选D。6.A.willhave解析：without引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时（主将从现），表示“没有奶牛，他们将一无所有”，故选A。7.B.kill解析：and连接并列动词短语“goback”和“kill”，祈使句中用动词原形，故选B。8.C.worried解析：“beworriedabout”为固定短语，意为“担心……”，描述年轻人的心理状态，故选C。9.D.But解析：前句“担心家庭未来”与后句“最终按智者说的做了”为转折关系，用But连接，故选D。10.A.travelled解析：根据“afewyearslater”可知时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式travelled，故选A。11.B.surprise解析：“toone’ssurprise”为固定短语，意为“令某人惊讶的是”，用名词surprise，故选B。12.C.how解析：宾语从句中，根据后文讲述“生活如何改变”，用how引导表示方式，故选C。13.D.nothing解析：“nothingbut”为固定搭配，意为“只有……”，表示“除了奶牛一无所有”，故选D。14.A.making解析：“waysofdoingsth.”为固定结构，意为“做某事的方式”，用动名词making，故选A。15.B.better解析：由“thanbefore”可知用比较级，“muchbetter”表示“比以前好得多”，故选B。二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Agroupofuniversitygraduatesvisitedtheiroldprofessor.Duringtheirvisit,theconversationturnedtowork.Thegraduateswere1abouttheirproblemsandstressinworkandinlife.Afterputtingapotofcoffeeonthetable,theprofessorwenttothekitchenandcamebackwithatray,crowdedwithmany2cups:porcelain,glass,plasticandcrystal.Somecupsweresimple,otheronesexpensive.Theprofessoraskedthemtopickouttheircupsfirst.Whenthegraduatespickedouttheirfavoritecups,theprofessor3,“Noticehowallthebeautifulcupswerepickedoutandthesimpleandcheaponeswereleft.”“Wantingonlythebestthingsforyourself4yourproblemsandstress.Youneedtounderstandthatthecupdoesn'tmakethecoffeebetter5,allthatyouwantedwasthecoffee,notthecup.”Butyouconsciously6thebestcups,andthenlookedtoseewhatcupsotherspicked.“Your7isthecoffee.Yourjob,money,positioninsociety,theyarethecups.Thetypeofcupdoesn’tdecidethequalityoflife.Sometimes,byfocusingonlyonthecups,weforgetto8thecoffee.The9peoplearenotthosewhohavethebestthings,butthosewhoenjoylifeandmakethemostofwhattheyhave.”Hearingthis,thegraduateswerespeechless.Theyhadlearnedanotherimportantlifelessonfromtheiroldprofessor-thattruehappinessmeansenjoyinglifeandnotworryingabout10things.1. A.thinking B.complaining C.learning D.worrying2. A.different B.expensive C.cheap D.simple3. A.shouted B.reported C.answered D.explained4. A.caresfor B.getsto C.leadsto D.asksfor5. A.Luckily B.Finally C.Honestly D.Actually6. A.bought B.chose C.brought D.decided7. A.purpose Blife C.work D.study8. A.buy B.understandC.drink D.taste9. A.simplest B.happiest C.richest D.luckiest10. A.unknown B.unusual C.unimportant D.unlucky【文章大意】一群大学毕业生向教授抱怨工作和生活中的压力与烦恼。教授通过让他们挑选咖啡杯的事例阐释哲理：众人争相选择精美昂贵的杯子，却忽视了咖啡本身才是核心。教授借此指出，工作、金钱、社会地位如同杯子，而生活本质是咖啡，过度关注外在“杯子”会让人忽略享受生活本身。真正的幸福源于享受当下，而非纠结于不重要的事物。1.B.complaining解析：根据语境，毕业生们在讨论工作和生活，后文提到“problemsandstress”，可推断他们在“抱怨”烦恼。“complainabout”为固定搭配，意为“抱怨”，符合文意。2.A.different解析：冒号后列举了“porcelain,glass,plasticandcrystal”（陶瓷、玻璃、塑料、水晶）等不同材质的杯子，且后文对比“simple”和“expensive”，可知此处强调杯子“不同”，故选A。3.D.explained解析：教授在学生选完杯子后，对现象进行“解释”（explained），而非“喊叫”（shouted）、“报道”（reported）或“回答”（answered），符合逻辑。4.C.leadsto解析：教授指出“只想要最好的东西”会“导致”（leadsto）问题和压力。其他选项“关心”（caresfor）、“到达”（getsto）、“请求”（asksfor）均不符合因果关系。5.D.Actually解析：此处强调事实本质——“实际上”（Actually）人们想要的是咖啡而非杯子。“Luckily”（幸运地）、“Finally”（最终）、“Honestly”（诚实地）均与语境不符。6.B.chose解析：学生们“有意识地选择”（chose）最好的杯子，与前文“pickedouttheirfavoritecups”呼应。“bought”（购买）、“brought”（带来）、“decided”（决定）均不符合“挑选”的动作。7.B.life解析：教授将“咖啡”比作“生活”（life），“杯子”比作工作、金钱等外在事物，通过类比揭示主题，故选B。8.D.taste解析：过度关注“杯子”会让人忘记“品尝”（taste）咖啡（即享受生活）。“buy”（购买）、“understand”（理解）、“drink”（喝）均不如“taste”贴切，后者更强调用心感受。9.B.happiest解析：根据后文“truehappiness”可知，此处指“最幸福的”（happiest）人，而非“最简单的”（simplest）、“最富有的”（richest）或“最幸运的”（luckiest），呼应主题。10.C.unimportant解析：教授强调幸福在于享受生活，而非担忧“不重要的”（unimportant）事物。“unknown”（未知的）、“unusual”（不寻常的）、“unlucky”（不幸的）均与“杯子”所代表的外在事物属性不符。三、阅读理解（共两节，满分35分） 阅读下列短文，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(A)Clyde,asmall-clawedotter(水猴),wasmovedfromAucklandZootoWellingtonZootwomonthsago.ThezookeepershopedheandtheotherotterBonniemightstartafamilytogether.Butonlytwodaysafterhearrived,Clydewentmissing.Hehaddughiswayunderoneofthewallsandwasnowheretobeseen.Thezookeeperssetupcagesinsidethezoo,withplateofClyde’sfavoritefishinthem,hopingtocatchhim.TwodayswentbyandstilltherewasnosignofClyde’s.AtlastacouplesawClydeattheirhouse—awholekilometerawayinNewtown.Clydewashidinginanout-of-reachholeoutsidetheirlaundry.ThezookeeperarrivedandsetupsomemoretrapstotrytocatchhimButClydeisaprettysmartotter.Twicehemanagedtogetthefishoutofatrapwithoutbeingcaught.Fivedaysafterhe'sescapedClyde’studysontheruncametoanendwhenhewasfinallycaughtinoneofthetraps.ItwasnogoodputtingClydebackinhisoldhome—he’donlydighiswayoutagain.SoheandBonniewereputintothezoohospital.Therewasnochanceoftheirescapingfromthere.Meanwhile,thezookeeperswereworkinghardtomakeClyde'soldhomesafer.Theyputanironbarrierundergroundtostophimdiggingtheirwayout.ThenBonnieandClydewenthomeagain.Butamonthafterhisfirstescape,Clydewasoutagain.OncemorethezookeeperscamehurryingtocatchClyde.Theyfoundhimbyfollowingthebubbleshemadeintherivernearby.NobodyknewhowClydehadescaped.Butthistimehewasonlyoutforanhour.So,hewentbacktothehospitalagain.PoorClyde.Itseemedthathewasn'thappyatWellingtonZoo,eventhoughheandBonnieweregettingonwelltogether.Thekeepersdidn'tlikeseeinghimunhappy,sotheyplannedtolookforahomeforhimsomewhereelse.1. Whatorderisthearticlewrittenin?A.Space B.Logic C.Comparison D.Time2. Howlongdidhisfirstrun-awayfromthezoolast?A.2days B.1hour C.5days D.1month3. WhatdoweknowaboutClyde?A.Hedidn’tgetonwellwithBonnie. B.Hewasgoodatdigging.C.HewashappyinWellingtonZoo. D.HeescapedtomeetBonnie.4. Whereisthepassagemostlikelytohavebeentakenfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Anadvertisement.C.Abookreview. D.Aresearchpaper.【文章大意】本文讲述了水獭克莱德（Clyde）从奥克兰动物园被转移到惠灵顿动物园后，多次越狱逃跑的经历。第一次到达两天后，它挖洞逃出，五天后在一公里外的居民家被捕获。动物园加固围栏后，一个月后它再次逃脱，最终因似乎不适应惠灵顿动物园的生活，工作人员计划为它寻找其他家园。故事按时间顺序记录了克莱德的越狱过程及动物园的应对措施。1.D.Time解析：文中通过“twomonthsago”“twodaysafterhearrived”“Twodayswentby”“Fivedaysafterhe'sescaped”“amonthafterhisfirstescape”等时间状语串联事件，明显按时间顺序叙述，故选D。2.C.5days解析：根据第七段“Fivedaysafterhe'sescaped,Clyde'sdaysontheruncametoanend”可知，克莱德第一次逃跑持续了5天，故选C。3.B.Hewasgoodatdigging.解析：A选项：最后一段提到“heandBonnieweregettingonwelltogether”，排除A；B选项：文中多次提到克莱德通过挖洞（dughiswayunderoneofthewalls）越狱，且加固围栏时“putanironbarrierundergroundtostophimdigging”，说明它擅长挖洞，故选B；C选项：最后一段指出“Itseemedthathewasn'thappyatWellingtonZoo”，排除C；D选项：逃跑与邦妮无关，排除D。4.A.Anewsreport.解析：文章以客观陈述记录水獭越狱事件，包含具体时间、地点和过程，符合新闻报道的特征；非广告（无宣传目的）、书评（无书籍评价）或研究论文（无学术分析），故选A。(B)IsabelAllende’snovelsareenjoyedallovertheworld.Sheisfamousforhercreativityandimagination.Andherownpersonalstoryisasamazingasanyshehasevertoldinanovel.Bornin1942,Allende'sfamilymovedoftenduringherchildhood.ShewenttoschoolinSouthAmerica,Europe,andAsia.Asayoungwoman,shebecameajournalistinSantiago,Chile’scapitalcity.Then,shegotmarriedandhadtwochildren.In1970,everythingbegantochange.LeavinghomeIsabelAllende’sunclewasapoliticalleadernamedSalvadorAllende.In1970,herunclewaselectedpresidentofChile.In1973.PresidentAllendewaskilledduringthefighting.WhenIsabelAllendebegantofearforherlife,sheandherfamilydecidedtomovetoVenezuela.FromNewspapertoNovelsItwasreallyapainfulexperienceforIsabelAllendetoleavehercountry.Withoutthisexperience,however,Allendesaidsheneverwouldhavebegunwritingnovels.ThenshegotaphonecallfromChile.Hergrandfatherwasdying.Sheknewshecouldnotreturnhometobewithhim,butshewantedtorespecthiminsomeway.“Idecidedtowritealetteraboutallthethingshetolduswhenwewereyoung.”Allendeexplained.Later,shewrotealongletterwhichbecameAllende’sfirstnovel.TheHouseoftheSprits.TheWritingLife“Ispentten,twelvehoursadayinaroom.writing.”Allendesays,“Idon’ttalktoanybody;Idon’tanswerthephone.”Whenshefinishedthefirstdraftofanewnovel,Allendemaileda-copytoherstrictestcritic(评论家).“Isendittomymother.Shereaditandcameherewitharedpen.Wefightforamonthatleast.”Allendethenwentbacktoworkuntilshefeltthebookwasfinished.“Thestorytellingisthefunpart,”shesaid.“Thewritingcanbealotofwork!”5. WhatdoesthewriterthinkofIsabelAllende’sstory?A.Interested B.moving C.painful D.amazing6. WhatwasIsabelAllendebeforeshegotmarried?A.Shewasajournalist. B.Shewasateacher.C.Shewasapoliticalleader. D.Shewasapresident.7. WhydidIsabelAllendestartwritingherfirstnovel?A.Becauseshewantedtomakemoney.B.Becauseshelikedwritingnovel.C.Becauseshewantedtorespecthergrandfather.D.Becauseshewantedtowriteagainstthegovernment.8. InParagraph4.whenAllendesaid“Wefightforamonthatleast”,shemeantthat“__________”.A.IsabelAllendeandhermotherdiscussedandarguedalotaboutthedraft.B.IsabelAllendeandhermotheroftenfoughtbecauseofthedraft.C.IsabelAllendeandhermotherdidn'thaveagoodrelationship.D.IsabelAllende’smotherdidn’tlikeIsabelAllende’sdraftatall.【文章大意】伊莎贝尔・阿连德（IsabelAllende）的小说享誉全球，她以创造力和想象力闻名。她的个人经历同样精彩。阿连德1942年出生，童年时常搬家，在多地求学，年轻时成为智利首都圣地亚哥的记者，后结婚生子。1970年起生活发生巨变，其叔叔萨尔瓦多・阿连德当选智利总统，1973年在战斗中被杀，她因担心生命安全举家迁至委内瑞拉。离开祖国的痛苦经历促使她开始写作，因祖父临终无法回国，她决定写信纪念祖父，这封信后成为她的首部小说《精灵之屋》。阿连德写作时专注投入，完成初稿后会寄给母亲（最严苛的评论家），二人会就初稿进行讨论修改。5.答案：D解析：根据第一段“Andherownpersonalstoryisasamazingasanyshehasevertoldinanovel.”可知，作者认为伊莎贝尔・阿连德的个人故事和她小说里讲的故事一样令人惊叹，所以选D。6.答案：A解析：由第一段“Asayoungwoman,shebecameajournalistinSantiago,Chile’scapitalcity.Then,shegotmarriedandhadtwochildren.”可知，在结婚前，她是一名记者，所以选A。7.答案：C解析：从第三段“Hergrandfatherwasdying.Sheknewshecouldnotreturnhometobewithhim,butshewantedtorespecthiminsomeway.‘Idecidedtowritealetteraboutallthethingshetolduswhenwewereyoung.’Allendeexplained.Later,shewrotealongletterwhichbecameAllende’sfirstnovel.”可知，她写第一部小说是为了纪念祖父，所以选C。8.答案：A解析：前文提到她把初稿寄给母亲，母亲拿着红笔来，结合写作情境可知，这里“fight”指的是就初稿内容进行讨论和争论，并非真正意义上的打架，也不是说关系不好或母亲完全不喜欢初稿，所以选A。(C)Thereisasayingthatcatshaveninelives.Arecentstudyexaminedwhy.Scientistscarriedoutastudyofcatswhichhadfallenoutofwindowsofbuildings.Nineoutoftenremainedaliveafterafalloftwostoreysormore.Onecatwhichfellfromthethirty-secondfloorofabuildingonlybrokeatooth.Interestingly,thecatswereingreatestdangerofbeingkillediftheyfellfromtheseventhfloor.Fallingfromeitheralessorgreaterheightgavethemabetterchanceofsurvival(幸存).Damagetoabodydependsonhowfastithitstheground,whichinturndependsonhowfarithasfallen.Butit'snotquitethatsimple,because,asanobjectfallsthroughtheair,theairholdsitbackandslowstheobjectdown.Afterawhiletheobjectstopsacceleratingandcontinuesatafixed(稳定的)speed.Thisistheterminal(极限的)speed.Bulky(肥胖的)thingshavealowerterminalspeedbecausethereisalargerareafortheairtopushupon.Heavythingshaveahigherterminalspeedbecausetheypushdownharderagainsttheair.Catshavealowerterminalspeedthanfallingpeople,forexample,becausetheyarequitebulkyandnotveryheavysothattheyhitthegroundmoreslowlyandarelesslikelytobehurt.Thenwhydoestheseventh-floormatter?Thisisthedistancecatstaketoreachtheirterminalspeed.Aftertheseventhfloor,theymayrelaxandspreadouttheirlegsandchangetheirfallingpositionsothattheymaylandontheirfeet.Thiswouldslowthemdownandallowtheirmusclestoreducetheforceofimpact,andthusreducethedamage.9. Thescientistscametoaconclusion(结论)thatafallfrom__________floorwasmostlikelytokillacat.A.thesecond B.thethirty-secondC.theseventh D.thehigher10. Theunderlinedword“accelerating”inthesecondparagraphprobablymeans. A.movingfaster B.movingslower C.movingatafixedspeed D.movingatanormalspeed11. Fallingcathasalowerterminalspeedthanafallingmanbecauseitis. A.biggerbutheavier B.biggerandrelatively(相对地)lighter C.lighterbutrelativelybigger D.smallerandlighter12. Afallfromhigherthanaseventhfloorallowsthefallingcat__________. A.tohavetimetoreduceitsfallingspeed B.torelaxandspreadoutitslegsandtolandonasaferposition C.tofallslowerthanfromthesixthfloor D.tobeabletoreachthegroundsoftlyonitsback【文章大意】文章开篇列举了像北京鸟巢、悉尼歌剧院这类因外形像常见事物而容易被人们知晓的著名建筑，接着以中国贵州的湄潭茶博物馆（外形像茶壶和茶杯）、美国田纳西州的吉他博物馆（外形像侧卧的吉他）以及韩国京畿道的陶器博物馆（外形像传统韩国罐子）为例，介绍了外形独特的建筑，最后指出不同形状的建筑在城市中起着重要作用，赋予城市别样的意义。8.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。文章开头先列举了北京的国家体育场（鸟巢）、悉尼歌剧院这些人们熟知的建筑，通过举例子的方式引出后文对其他外形独特建筑的介绍，不是讲故事、问问题或展示数字的方式开头，所以选C。9.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。文中提到“InGuizhou,China,peoplecanvisittheMeitanTeaMuseum.Thismuseumlookslikeahugeteapot.”，明确指出在中国贵州人们可以参观外形像茶壶的建筑，所以选B。10.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。文中对于吉他博物馆的描述是“visitorscanseeallkindsofguitarsaswellaslearnaboutfamousguitarplayersinit.”，说明游客在里面可以了解著名的吉他演奏者，也就是能遇到吉他爱好者，A选项说它售卖各种吉他不符合文意，文中没说售卖；B选项说它像一把立着的吉他错误，原文是像侧卧的吉他；D选项说著名吉他演奏者在那里表演也未提及，所以选C。11.【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要是围绕着外形独特有趣的建筑展开介绍，列举了多个不同地方外形各异的建筑例子，B选项“博物馆的重大意义”并非重点，C选项“不同博物馆里的东西”不符合文章主要围绕建筑外形来讲的主旨，D选项“世界上奇怪的陶器”太片面，所以选A。(D)Therearesomanythingsaroundusthatmakelifemoreconvenient.Whatmightlifebelikewithoutthem?Weaskedourreaderswhattheythoughtwerethemostusefulinventionsfromthepast.Herearetheirtopfour.Itallstartshere.Ifyouhaven'tgotwheels,youcan’tgoanywhereorgetanything!Weneedthemforeverytypeofvehicle.Theytakeustoplaceswehaveneverbeentoandbringthingsfast.They’reusedforoperatingmanykindsofmachines.Wheelswereusedasfarbackas3000BC.Imagineit’sextremelycoldorextremelyhot.Ifyouwantsomewater,you’vegottogotothewellorapump.Orevenworse,yourtoiletisoutsidethehouse.Beforeindoorplumbing(室内管道),peoplehadtodothis.Trytothinkaboutallthetimesyouturnonthewaterinyourhomeeveryday.TheancientGreekscreateditnearly4,000yearsago.Unfortunately,therearestillsomecountrieswheretheyhaven’tgotit.Until1879,candlesoroillampswereusedforlighting.ButthenThomasEdisondevelopedthebulb.Walkaroundyourhomeandcounthowmanylightbulbsyousee.They'reeverywhere--eveninsideyourfridge!Youmightuseoneofthesetodoyourhomework,organizeyourscheduleorreadamagazine.Butcomputersarealsousedforrunningthingsthatyouuseeveryday.Therearetinycomputersinsidecars,microwaveovens,TVsetsandDVDplayers.CharlesBabbageinventedthefirstcomputingmachinein1822butithaschangedalotsincethen.13. Whenwerewheelsfirstusedaccordingtothisarticle?__________ A.About3000AD. B.Nearly4000yearsago. C.3centuryago. D.About3000BC.14. WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothearticle?__________ A.Wheelsareusedforoperatingmanykindsofmachines. B.Beforeindoorplumbing,peoplehadtogooutsidetogetwater. C.Therearen’tanytinycomputersinsidecars,microwaveovens.TVsetsorDVDplayers D.AfterThomasEdisondevelopedthebulb,wecouldseelightbulbsalmosteverywhere.15. Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthisarticle?__________ A.Thingsthatmakelifemoreconvenient B.Themostusefulinventionsintheworld C.Thetopfourusefulinventionsinreaders’eyes D.Whatmightlifebelikewithoutthefourinventions?【文章大意】生活中有许多发明让生活更便利，文章询问读者过去最有用的发明，列出了读者评选出的前四名。分别是轮子，早在公元前3000年就被使用，用于各类交通工具和机器操作；室内管道，由古希腊人近4000年前创造，解决了取水和排污问题，但有些国家尚未普及；灯泡，在1879年托马斯・爱迪生发明之前，人们用蜡烛或油灯照明，如今灯泡随处可见；计算机，1822年查尔斯・巴贝奇发明了第一台计算机器，现在计算机用于日常事务处理及众多设备运行。13.答案：D解析：根据文中“Wheelswereusedasfarbackas3000BC.”可知，轮子最早在公元前3000年被使用，所以选D。14.C解析：文中提到“Therearetinycomputersinsidecars,microwaveovens,TVsetsandDVDplayers.”，说明汽车、微波炉、电视机和DVD播放器里都有微型计算机，C选项与原文不符。A选项对应文中“They’reusedforoperatingmanykindsofmachines.”；B选项对应“Beforeindoorplumbing(室内管道),peoplehadtodothis.Ifyouwantsomewater,you’vegottogotothewellorapump.”；D选项对应“Until1879,candlesoroillampswereusedforlighting.ButthenThomasEdisondevelopedthebulb.They'reeverywhere--eveninsideyourfridge!”，所以选C。15.C解析：文章开篇提到询问读者过去最有用的发明，接着具体介绍了读者评选出的前四名发明，C选项“读者眼中最有用的四项发明”符合文章主旨。A选项“让生活更便利的事物”范围太宽泛；B选项“世界上最有用的发明”也过于宽泛，文章只列举了读者选出的四项；D选项“没有这四项发明生活会怎样”只是文章引入话题的方式，并非主旨，所以选C。第二节阅读填空（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读短文及文后A—E选项，选出可以填入41—45各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Weallbelievewelistenwellandyetmanytimeswefeelothersarenotlisteningtous.However,listeninggoesinbothdirections—youmaybelieveyouarelisteningwell,buthowoftenhaveyoucompletelyforgottenwhatwassaidtoyou?1

Makeeyecontact.2Whenpeopletalk,theyputoutvisualcluesthataddtotheconversationandmeaningoftheirword.Stoptalking.Youcan’tlisten,talkandatthesametimecompletelyreceivethemeaningoftheotherperson’swords.3

Reactwithoutwords.Lettheotherpersonknowyouarelisteningthroughphysicalreactions,suchasheadnods,smiles,frownsandeyecontact4

5

Behaveasaneffectivelistener.Themoreyoucontinuetobehaveasalistener,themoreyouwillbeaneffectivelistener.A.Actasalistener.B.Makeeyecontactwiththepersonwhoistalkingtoyou.C.Thereareafewwaystobecomeamoreeffectivelistener.D.Waityourturnandtakeinwhathasbeensaidtoyoubeforeyoumakeareply.E.Thesemayalsohelptoletthespeakerknowwhetheryouarefullyunderstandinghiswords.【大意】很多时候我们觉得自己善于倾听，却又常忘记别人说的话。文章介绍了几种成为更有效倾听者的方法：进行眼神交流，因为人们说话时会有视觉线索辅助表达；停止说话，一心不能二用；通过点头、微笑、皱眉等肢体反应无声回应，让对方知道你在倾听；最后要表现得像个倾听者，这样才能成为有效的倾听者。答案：C

解析：前文指出倾听存在的一些问题，后文开始列举成为有效倾听者的方法，C选项“有几种方法可以让你成为更有效的倾听者”起到承上启下的作用，引出下文内容。答案：B

解析：该段小标题是“Makeeyecontact.”（进行眼神交流），B选项“与和你说话的人进行眼神交流”符合该段主旨，进一步阐述如何进行眼神交流。答案：D

解析：此段小标题是“Stoptalking.”（停止说话），D选项“等轮到你时，在回复之前先理解别人对你说的话”强调停止说话，先接收信息，与该段主旨相符。答案：E

解析：该段提到通过肢体反应让对方知道你在倾听，E选项“这些（肢体反应）也可能有助于让说话者知道你是否完全理解他的话”，“这些”指代前文的肢体反应，进一步说明肢体反应的作用，符合语境。答案：A

解析：后文提到“Themoreyoucontinuetobehaveasalistener,themoreyouwillbeaneffectivelistener.”（你越表现得像个倾听者，你就越会成为一个有效的倾听者），A选项“表现得像个倾听者”与后文内容呼应，作为该段主旨句合适。四、写作（共三节；满分30分）第一节语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。Schoolcounsellors(咨询师)arethepeopleyoucanturntowhenyouneedhelp.Theyknowhowtolistenandcanhelpkidswithlife’schallenges.Counsellorshavespecialtraininginhowtohelpkids1.s__________problems,make2.d__________andstandupforthemselves.Ifsomeonewasbullying(欺凌)you,forexample,thecounsellorwouldtalktoyouaboutitandcouldgiveyousomeadvice.Thecounsellormayalsotalktothebullyandmaybeeventothekidswhosawwhathappened.Thecounsellormighttalkwithyourteacherandyourparentsabouttheproblemsaswell.3.T__________thismaymakeyoufeelalittleuncomfortable,facingtheproblemandtryingtochangeitisbetterthanlivinginabad4.s__________Withthecounsellor’shelp,youdon’tfacedifficultschoolproblemsalone.Andyoumayfeel5.r__________aftertheproblemisgone.1.【答案】Instead【解析】根据语境，这里是说盲盒不是清晰明确的产品，而是未知的产品，“insteadof”表示“代替，而不是”，符合句子逻辑，所以填“Instead”。2.【答案】Nobody【解析】前文提到是未知的产品，那就意味着没人知道会得到什么，“Nobody”表示“没有人”，符合语境，所以填“Nobody”。3.【答案】include【解析】此处是说盲盒里面的产品包含不同种类的东西，“include”有“包含，包括”的意思，主语“products”是复数，句子用一般现在时，动词用原形，所以填“include”。4.【答案】number【解析】“thenumberof...”表示“……的数量”，这里是说购买盲盒的人数在增长，符合语境，所以填“number”。5.【答案】copy【解析】根据后文“Thetoyslooksoreal,justthesameastherealculturalrelics.”可知盲盒里的玩具是仿照真实文物的样子，“copy”有“复制，仿照”的意思，主语“toys”是复数，句子用一般现在时，动词用原形，所以填“copy”。第二节完成句子（共5小题；每空0.5分，满分10分） 根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词）1. 在朗朗小的时候，父母期望他成为一个钢琴家。 WhenLangLangwasalittleboy,he________________________________________apianist.2. 能收到你的来信真是令人兴奋！ ____________________itisto____________________you!3. 昨晚她妹妹不停的哭，几乎把她逼疯了。 Lastnight,heryoungersisterkept__________andalmost______________________________.4. 他几乎没有朋友，他似乎很难相处。 Hehasfewfriends,he____________________togetalongwith.5. 当苏炳添领她上台的时候，她兴奋得几乎要昏过去了。 WhenshewasledontothestagebySuBingtian,shewas__________excited__________shenearly____________________.1.wasexpectedtobecome解析：“期望某人成为”对应被动语态结构“beexpectedtobecome”，主语“he”为第三人称单数，且从句时态