2024-2025学年度石家庄铁路职业技术学院单招《英语》能力检测试卷及答案详解（全优）

石家庄铁路职业技术学院单招《英语》能力检测试卷考试时间：90分钟；命题人：教研组考生注意：1、本卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟2、答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、班级填写在试卷规定位置上3、答案必须写在试卷各个题目指定区域内相应的位置，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第I卷（选择题60分）一、单选题（20小题，每小题3分，共计60分）1、从下面单词中找一个括号部分读音不同的单词。（）A.regist(er)B.pref(er)C.work(er)D.off(er)答案:B解析:这道题考查单词中字母组合“er”的读音。在英语发音规则中，A选项“regist(er)”、C选项“work(er)”、D选项“off(er)”中“er”的读音相同。而B选项“pref(er)”中“er”的读音与其他三个不同。所以答案是B选项。2、Alargecrowdofpeople（）waiting（）thebusstop.A.are;forB.is;forC.are;atD.is;at答案:C解析:这道题考查主谓一致和介词搭配。“alargecrowdofpeople”表示“一大群人”，是复数概念，所以谓语用“are”。“atthebusstop”是固定搭配，表示“在公交车站”。“waitfor”表示“等待某物或某人”，这里是等待公交车站这个地点，用“at”。综合来看，答案选C。3、Ican'tdoit,soI（）yourhelp.A.needB.willneedC.needn'tD.don'tneed答案:A解析:这道题考查对“need”不同用法的掌握。“need”作实义动词时，有人称和数的变化。本句意思是“我做不到，所以我需要你的帮助”，这里是一般现在时，主语是I，用need合适。B选项willneed是将来时，不符合语境；C选项needn't是情态动词否定，意思是“不必”；D选项don'tneed后接名词，此处接yourhelp语法错误。所以选A。4、In1826,aFrenchmannamedNiepecneededpicturesforhisbusiness.Buthewasnotagoodartist.Soheinventedaverysimplecamera.Heputitinawindowofhishouseandtookapictureofhisgarden.Thatwasthefirstphoto.

Thenextimportantdateinthehistoryofphotographywasin1837.Thatyear,Daguerre,anotherFrenchman,tookapictureofhisreadingroom.Heusedanewkindofcamerainadifferentway.Inhispictureyoucouldseeeverythingveryclearly,eventhesmallestthing.ThiskindofphotowascalledaDaguerreotype.

Soon,otherpeoplebegantouseDaguerre'sway.Travellersbroughtbackwonderfulphotosfromallaroundtheworld.Peopletookpicturesoffamousbuildings,citiesandmountains.

Inabout1840,photographywasdeveloped.Thenphotographerscouldtakepicturesofpeopleandmovingthings.Thatwasnotsimple.Thephotographershadtocarryalotoffilmsandothermachines.Butthisdidnotstopthem,forexample,someintheUnitedStatesworkedsohard.

MathewBradywasafamousAmericanphotographer.Hetookmanypicturesofgreatpeople.Thepictureswereunusualbecausetheywereverylifelike.

Photographersalsobecameonekindofartbytheendofthe19thcentury.Somephotoswerenotjustcopiesoftherealworld.Theyshowedfeelings,likeotherkindsofart.

ThefirstphototakenbyNiepecwasapictureof_A.his

businessB.his

houseC.hisgardenD.hiswindow答案:C解析:1826年，一位名叫Niepce的法国人使用他发明的一台简单相机拍摄了他的花园，这是世界上第一张照片。5、You（）belatenexttime.A.mustn'tB.canC.needn'tD.need答案:A解析:这道题考查情态动词的用法。在英语中，mustn't表示“禁止，不许”。can表示“能够，会”，needn't表示“不必”，need作实义动词时表示“需要”。根据题意“下次你不许迟到”，A选项mustn't最符合语境，强调禁止迟到这一要求。6、IfyouarelearningEnglishbecauseyou'regoingtotravelinEnglandandwishtobe（1）there,don'ttrytospeakEnglishperfectly,（2）ifyoudoso,noonewillunderstandyou.InLondonninety-nineineveryhundredpeoplespeak（3）English.Youmaysaythat（4）theydon'tspeakEnglishwellthemselves,theycan（5）understanditwhenitiswellspoken.They（6）whenthespeakerisEnglish.Butwhenthespeakerisa（7）,thebetterhespeaks,the（8）itistounderstandhim.Noforeignercan（9）stressthesyllables(音节)andmakethetone（10）andfallinquestionand（11）exactlyasa（12）does.（13）thefirstthingyouhavetodoistospeakwithastrong（14）accent,andspeakbroken,thatis,Englishwithoutany（15）.TheneveryEnglishpersonyou（16）willatonceknowyouareaforeigner,andtrytounder-standyouandbereadyto（17）you.Hewillnot（18）youtobepoliteandusegram-maticalphrases.Hewillbe（19）byhisclevernessinmakingoutyour（20）andbeingabletotellwhatyouwanttoknow.

第4空填（）。A.becauseB.sinceC.whenD.evenif答案:D解析:在这段文字中，第4空所在的句子表达了一种让步关系，即尽管当地人自己的英语可能不标准，但他们仍然能够在别人说得好时理解。这里使用“evenif”来连接这种让步条件，表明即使他们英语说得不标准，也能理解标准的英语。因此，“evenif”是最合适的选择，它准确地传达了句子中的逻辑关系和意思。7、“________doyouwritetoher?”“Onceamonth.”A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowmanyD.Howfar答案:B解析:这道题考查特殊疑问词的用法。Howlong用于询问时间长度；Howoften询问频率；Howmany询问数量；Howfar询问距离。回答“Onceamonth.”表示每月一次，是频率。所以要选Howoften来询问做某事的频率。8、Thechildrenarevery_____tohearthegoodnews.A.sorryB.pleasedC.unhappyD.kind答案:B解析:这道题考查对单词含义及语境的理解。“pleased”有“高兴的、满意的”之意。孩子们听到好消息通常会感到高兴，A选项“sorry”是“抱歉的”，C选项“unhappy”是“不开心的”，D选项“kind”是“善良的”，都不符合听到好消息的心情，所以应选B选项“pleased”。9、BeforeyougotoCanada,youneedtolearnmore（）it.A.fromB.inC.byD.about答案:D解析:这道题考查介词的用法。在英语中，learnabout有“了解”的意思。去加拿大之前，需要更多地“了解”它，D选项about符合语境。A选项from表示“从……”；B选项in用于表示在某个范围或领域内；C选项by有通过某种方式的意思。综合来看，这里用about最合适。10、Ifyougointotheforestwithfriends,staywiththem.Ifyoudon't,youmaygetlost.Ifyougetlost,thisiswhatyoushoulddo.Sitdownandstaywhereyouare.Don'ttrytofindyourfriends-letthemfindyou.Youcanhelpthemfindyoubystayinginoneplace.Thereisanotherwaytohelpyourfriendsorotherpeopletofindyou.YoucanshoutorwhistlethreetimesStop.Thenshoutorwhistlethreetimesagain.Anysignalgiventhreetimesisacallforhelp.

Keepupshoutingorwhistling.Alwaysthreetimestogether.Whenpeoplehearyou,theywillknowthatyouarenotjustmakinganoiseforfun.Theywillletyouknowthattheyhaveheardyoursignal.Theywillgiveyoutwoshoutsortwowhistles.Whenasignalisgiventwice,itisananswertoacallforhelp.

Ifyoudon'tthinkthatyouwillgethelpbeforenightcomes,trytomakealittlehousewithbranches.Makeyourselfabedwithleavesandgrass.

Whenyouneedsomewater,youhavetoleaveyourlittlebranchhousetolookforit.Don'tjustwalkaway.(Pickoffsmallbranchesanddropthemasyouwalkinordertogobackagaineasily.)Whenyouarelost,themostimportantthingtodoistostayinoneplace.

Whenyouheartwoshoutsortwowhistles,youknowthat_A.someone

is

afraid

of

an

animalB.people

will

come

to

help

youC.someone

needs

helpD.something

terrible

will

happen答案:B解析:根据文章内容，当发出两次呼喊或两次口哨声时，这是对求助信号的回应，表明救援人员或其他人已经听到求助信号，并且会来提供帮助。因此，当你听到两次呼喊或两次口哨声时，就意味着人们会来帮助你。11、Heran（）intherelayrace.A.asfastaspossiblyB.asfastaspossibleC.asfastlyaspossiblyD.asfastlyaspossible答案:B解析:这道题考查“as...aspossible”的固定用法以及形容词、副词的正确形式。“as...aspossible”表示“尽可能......”，中间用形容词或副词原级。fast本身可作副词，没有fastly这种形式。所以答案选B，“asfastaspossible”表示“尽可能快”。12、IfyouarelearningEnglishbecauseyou'regoingtotravelinEnglandandwishtobe（1）there,don'ttrytospeakEnglishperfectly,（2）ifyoudoso,noonewillunderstandyou.InLondonninety-nineineveryhundredpeoplespeak（3）English.Youmaysaythat（4）theydon'tspeakEnglishwellthemselves,theycan（5）understanditwhenitiswellspoken.They（6）whenthespeakerisEnglish.Butwhenthespeakerisa（7）,thebetterhespeaks,the（8）itistounderstandhim.Noforeignercan（9）stressthesyllables(音节)andmakethetone（10）andfallinquestionand（11）exactlyasa（12）does.（13）thefirstthingyouhavetodoistospeakwithastrong（14）accent,andspeakbroken,thatis,Englishwithoutany（15）.TheneveryEnglishpersonyou（16）willatonceknowyouareaforeigner,andtrytounder-standyouandbereadyto（17）you.Hewillnot（18）youtobepoliteandusegram-maticalphrases.Hewillbe（19）byhisclevernessinmakingoutyour（20）andbeingabletotellwhatyouwanttoknow.

第9空填（）。A.neverB.evenC.everD.only答案:C解析:在此句中，“Noforeignercaneverstressthesyllablesandmakethetoneriseandfallinquestionandanswerexactlyasanativedoes.”的意思是“没有一个外国人能够像本地人那样准确地强调音节，使语调在问题和回答中上升和下降。”ever在此处用来强调“任何一个外国人都不可能做到”，符合句意。13、Zootopia(《疯狂动物城》)isoneof（）filmsIhaveeverseen.A.interestingB.moreinterestingC.themostinterestingD.mostinteresting答案:C解析:这道题考查形容词的最高级。在英语中，“oneof+形容词最高级+名词复数”是常见结构，表示“最……之一”。interesting的最高级是themostinteresting。A选项是原级，B选项是比较级，均不符合此结构，所以应选C选项themostinteresting。14、---（）Itakethebookout?---Yes，butyou（）returnitbeforenextThursday.A.Can;mayB.May;mustC.May;needD.Need;must答案:B解析:这道题考查情态动词的用法。“May”用于请求许可，“Can”更侧重能力。这里是请求把书带出，用“May”合适。“must”表示必须，“need”通常是实义动词，需要接“to”。根据语境，允许带出书但下周四前必须归还，用“must”，所以选B。15、-Lookat（）manoverthere.Doyouknowwhathedoes?-Oh,heis（）doctor.A.a;aB.the;aC.a;theD.the;/答案:B解析:这道题考查定冠词和不定冠词的用法。“overthere”表明是特指那边的那个人，要用定冠词“the”。“doctor”是泛指，指他是一名医生，用不定冠词“a”。在英语中，特定的人或物用定冠词，泛指某一类人或物用不定冠词。所以答案选B。16、Wehaveallexperienceddayswheneverythinggoeswrong.Adaymaybeginwellenough,butsuddenlyeverythingseemstogetoutofcontrol.Itseemsasifasingleunimportanteventmaycauseanumberofthingstohappen.Letussupposethatyouarepreparingamealandkeepinganeyeonthebabyatthesametime.Thetelephoneringsandthismeansyourtroublesarebeginning.Whileyouareonthephone,thebabypullsthetableclothoffthetable,destroyingyourhalfpreparedmeal.Youhanguphurriedlyandattendtoyourbaby.Meanwhile,themealgetsburnt.Asifthiswerenotenoughtobringyoutotears,yourhusbandarrives,unexpectedlybringingthreegueststodinner.

Thingscangowrongonanumberofpeopleontheroad.Duringtherushhouroneeveningtwocarshiteachotherandbothdriversbegantoargue.Thewomandriverbehindthetwocarshappenedtobealearner.Shesuddenlygotintoapanic(恐慌)andstoppedhercar.Thismadethedriverfollowingherstopsuddenly.Hiswifewassittingbesidehimholdingalargecake.Asshewasthrownforward,thecakewentrightthroughthewindowandlandedontheroad.Seeingacakeflyingthroughtheair,atruck-driverhadtostophistruckallofasudden.Thetruckwascarryingemptybeerbottlesandhundredsofthemslidoffthebackofthetruckontotheroad.Thisledtoyetanotherangryargument.Meanwhile,thetrafficpiledupbehind.Ittookthepolicenearlyanhourtogetthetrafficonthemoveagain.Inthemeanwhile,thetruck-driverhadtosweepuphundredsofbrokenbottles.Onlytwodogswereenjoyingthemselvesfromtheaccident,fortheywerehappilyhavingwhatwasleftofthecake.Itwasjustoneofthosedays!

Whenthetelephonerings.___.A.you'd

better

have

your

baby

a

little

distant

from

your

table

before

going

to

answer

the

phoneB.your

trouble

is

sure

to

comeC.you'd

better

just

let

it

ring

all

the

wayD.you

should

never

go

to

answer

it

in

a

hurry答案:A解析:在文章中提到，当你正在准备饭菜同时照看婴儿时，电话铃声响起往往意味着麻烦的开始。在接电话的过程中，婴儿可能会拉掉桌布，导致饭菜被破坏。因此，为了避免这种情况发生，最好在接电话前将婴儿稍微远离餐桌放置。这说明了在电话响起时，采取预防措施的重要性。17、ThetraditionalChinesemedicinehadagood（）ontheforeignpatient.A.successB.effectC.useD.help答案:B解析:这道题考查固定搭配。在英语中，“haveaneffecton”是“对......有影响”的常用表达。A选项“success”通常与“havesuccessin”搭配；C选项“use”常见搭配是“makeuseof”；D选项“help”一般与“with”搭配。“haveagoodeffecton”符合句子语境，所以选B。18、Theman________Jennywassotallshecouldhardlyseetheshow.A.infrontofB.inthefrontofC.atthebackofD.atthebeginningof答案:A解析:这道题考查方位短语的用法。“infrontof”表示在外部的前面，“inthefrontof”表示在内部的前面。“atthebackof”指在后面，“atthebeginningof”指在开始。根据题意，Jenny几乎看不到表演，说明男人在她的外部前方挡住了视线，所以应选A选项“infrontof”。19、Yearafteryearthewind____moreandmoreofthesoil.A.carriedoutB.carriedawayC.broughtawayD.keptaway答案:B解析:这道题考查动词短语的辨析。“carryaway”有“带走，冲走”之意。风会把土壤带走，B选项符合语境。“carryout”是“执行，实施”，“bringaway”无此搭配，“keepaway”是“远离”。根据句子“Yearafteryearthewind...”，风年复一年地作用，应是把土壤带走，所以选B。20、Theirrestaurantisn'taslargeas（）.A.myB.mineC.myoneD.me's答案:B解析:这道题考查物主代词的用法。在英语中，“my”是形容词性物主代词，“mine”是名词性物主代词。题中说“他们的餐厅不像（我们的餐厅）那么大”，这里需要一个名词性物主代词来指代“我的餐厅”，“mine”符合，“my”后需接名词，“myone”表述错误，“me's”不存在这种形式。所以答案选B。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题40分）二、填空题（10小题，每小题3分，共计30分）1、[未知题型(5)]（汉译英）我盼望着明年能在上海再次见到你。(lookforwardto)答案:I'mlookingforwardtoseeingyouagaininShanghainextyear．2、[未知题型(5)]将下列句中的宾语或宾语从句改为直接引语。ThepolicemanaskedmewhatIwasdoinginthedarkroom．答案:Thepolicemanaskedme,“Whatareyoudoinginthedarkroom?”3、[未知题型(5)]Pleasepassme（）(一瓶)ofmilk．答案:abottle4、[未知题型(5)]（改写句子，句意不变，每空只填一个词）

ThequestionissodifficultthatIcan'tanswerit．Thequestionisn't（）（）（）（）forme．答案:easyenoughtoanswer5、DearFiona,

Howareyouthesedays?IaminBeijingforsixmonths.Andeverythingisgoingwellwith_____(11)_____.Buttobehonest,Iamalittle_____(12)_____thesedays.Myhusband,Ben,isbusywithhis_____(13)_____,too.Everyday,he_____(14)_____himabouttwo_____(15)_____togettohisoffice.It's_athalfpastsixandthengoestoworkbybus.Usuallyittakes_____(16)_____fromourhome.Andmy_____(17)_____isonlytwoyearsold.Sheistoo_____(18)_____,soIcan'tgotoworkandhavetolookafterherathome.

It'steno'clocknow,butwejust_____(19)_____thedinner.Whatarewedoingnow?Benis_____(20)_____thedishesinthekitchen.Heistired,_____(21)_____hestillhelpsmewhenhegetshome.I_____(22)_____tellmygirlastorytohelphersleep.Afterwritingtoyou,Ineedtoprepare_____(23)_____fortomorrowmorning.AndthenIcan_____(24)_____myselfandthengotobed.ThedayaftertomorrowisSaturday.AndI'llgobackhomethen._____(25)_____toseeyousoon.

Yours,

Laura.

根据短文内容，在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案填入文中(15)处。（）A.secondsB.minutesC.hoursD.days答案:C解析:根据短文内容，文中提到“Everyday,hedrivesherabouttwo_____(15)_____togettohisoffice.”这句话的意思是“每天，他开车带她大约两个小时去上班。”因此，填入“hours”是最合适的，表示时间的长度。其他选项如“seconds”（秒）、“minutes”（分钟）和“days”（天）都不符合上下文的逻辑，因为两秒钟或两分钟的时间太短，无法到达办公室，而两天则太长。6、[未知题型(5)]（汉译英）即使你很忙，你也应该经常去看望你的父母。(evenif)答案:Evenif/thoughyouareverybusy,youshouldgotosee/visityourparents．7、[未知题型(5)]（改写句子，句意不变，每空只填一个词）Theboyissoyoungthathecan'tlookafterhimself．Thyboyisnot（）tolookafterhimself．答案:oldenough8、DearFiona,

Howareyouthesedays?IaminBeijingforsixmonths.Andeverythingisgoingwellwith_____(11)_____.Buttobehonest,Iamalittle_____(12)_____thesedays.Myhusband,Ben,isbusywithhis_____(13)_____,too.Everyday,he_____(14)_____himabouttwo_____(15)_____togettohisoffice.It's_athalfpastsixandthengoestoworkbybu