高中英语语法专项练习题

高中英语语法专项练习题语法，作为语言的骨架与规则体系，在高中英语学习中占据着举足轻重的地位。它不仅是理解复杂文本的钥匙，更是准确、流利表达思想的基石。为了帮助同学们更好地掌握高中阶段核心语法知识，我们精心设计了以下专项练习题。这些题目力求贴近高考命题趋势，覆盖重点、难点，并辅以详尽解析，希望能助你在语法学习的道路上稳步前行，真正做到融会贯通，学以致用。一、动词的时态与语态动词的时态与语态是英语语法的灵魂，也是同学们在日常运用中最易混淆的部分。以下练习将帮助你梳理不同时态的核心含义及时态与语态的结合运用。请选择最佳答案填入括号内。1.Bythetimewearrivedatthecinema,themovie_______fortenminutes.()A.hadbegunB.hasbegunC.hadbeenonD.hasbeenon2.Theconference_______nextmonthisexpectedtodrawoverathousandparticipantsfromaroundtheworld.()A.heldB.tobeheldC.beingheldD.holding3.She_______inthissmalltownsinceshegraduatedfromcollege,andshehasnoplanstoleave.()A.livesB.haslivedC.islivingD.livedA.isbuiltB.isbeingbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.wasbuilt5.Ifyou_______moreattentiontoyourpronunciationearlier,you_______somanymistakesnow.()A.paid;wouldn'tmakeB.hadpaid;wouldn'tmakeC.paid;wouldn'thavemadeD.hadpaid;wouldn'thavemade6.Myparents_______TVwhenIgothomelastnight.Theyusually_______TVafterdinner.()A.watched;watchB.werewatching;watchC.watched;arewatchingD.werewatching;arewatching7.Thefamouswriter_______onenewbookinthepasttwoyears,andanotherone_______now.()A.haswritten;isbeingwrittenB.waswriting;iswrittenC.wrote;isbeingwrittenD.haswritten;hasbeenwritten8.Thiskindofcloth_______welland_______long.Manypeopleliketobuyit.()A.washes;lastsB.iswashed;lastedC.washes;islastedD.iswashed;islasted参考答案及解析：1.C.hadbeenon解析："Bythetime+过去时从句"，主句常用过去完成时，表示“到…时候为止，已经…”。"begin"为短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的"fortenminutes"连用，需转换为延续性状态"beon"。2.B.tobeheld解析：句中"nextmonth"提示会议尚未举行，应用不定式作后置定语表示将来的动作，且"conference"与"hold"之间为被动关系，故用"tobeheld"。3.B.haslived解析："sinceshegraduatedfromcollege"（自从她大学毕业）是现在完成时的典型标志，表示动作从过去某一时间开始，持续到现在，并可能继续下去。4.B.isbeingbuilt解析：句中"now"提示动作正在进行，"bridge"与"build"之间为被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态"isbeingbuilt"。5.B.hadpaid;wouldn'tmake解析：此句为混合虚拟语气。从句"earlier"表示与过去事实相反的假设，用过去完成时"hadpaid"；主句"now"表示与现在事实相反的结果，用"wouldn'tmake"。6.B.werewatching;watch解析：第一空，"whenIgothomelastnight"强调在过去某个具体时间点正在进行的动作，用过去进行时"werewatching"；第二空，"usually"表示习惯性、经常性的动作，用一般现在时"watch"。7.A.haswritten;isbeingwritten解析：第一空，"inthepasttwoyears"（在过去两年里）是现在完成时的标志，故用"haswritten"；第二空，"now"提示动作正在进行，"anotherone"（另一本书）与"write"之间为被动关系，用现在进行时的被动语态"isbeingwritten"。8.A.washes;lasts解析：某些不及物动词如"wash,sell,read,write"等，用主动形式表示被动意义，说明主语的某种属性或特征，常与副词"well,easily,long"等连用。此处"washeswell"意为“好洗”，"lastslong"意为“耐穿”。二、非谓语动词非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）是英语中极具表现力的语法现象，也是高考的常考点和难点。掌握其基本用法及区别，能显著提升语言的准确性和丰富性。请选择最佳答案填入括号内。1._______Englishwell,weshouldpracticespeakingitasmuchaspossible.()A.LearnB.LearningC.TolearnD.Learned2.Iremember_______himsomewherebefore,butIcan'trecallhisnamerightnow.()A.tomeetB.meetingC.meetD.met3._______bythebeautifulscenery,thevisitorsdecidedtostayforanothertwodays.()A.AttractingB.AttractedC.ToattractD.Havingattracted4.Theteacherencouragedus_______gooduseofoursparetime_______morebooks.()A.tomake;toreadB.making;readingC.tomake;readingD.making;toread5.Theproblem_______atthemeetingyesterdayisveryimportantandneeds_______immediately.()A.discussing;solvingB.discussed;tosolveC.discussed;tobesolvedD.beingdiscussed;solving6._______thehomework,hewentouttoplaybasketballwithhisfriends.()A.FinishingB.HavingfinishedC.TofinishD.Finished7.Thegirl_______inthecornerismysister.Sheisinterestedin_______stories.()A.sitting;writingB.sat;writingC.sitting;writtenD.sat;written8.It'snouse_______abouttheexam.Whatmattersis_______hardfromnowon.()A.worry;workB.toworry;toworkC.worrying;workingD.worrying;towork参考答案及解析：1.C.Tolearn解析：此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“为了学好英语”。句首大写，故为"Tolearn"。2.B.meeting解析："rememberdoingsth."表示“记得曾经做过某事”（事情已做）；"remembertodosth."表示“记得要去做某事”（事情未做）。根据句意“我记得以前在某处见过他”，应用"meeting"。3.B.Attracted解析：逗号前为分词短语作状语，逻辑主语"thevisitors"与"attract"之间是被动关系（游客被景色吸引），故用过去分词"Attracted"。4.A.tomake;toread解析："encouragesb.todosth."为固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”。第二个空同样用不定式作目的状语，即“利用业余时间去读更多的书”。5.C.discussed;tobesolved解析：第一空，"problem"与"discuss"之间为被动关系，且"yesterday"提示动作已完成，用过去分词"discussed"作后置定语；第二空，"needdoingsth."或"needtobedone"均表示“某事需要被做”，但此处主语是"theproblem"，"needstobesolved"更侧重于动作的执行者尚未明确，或强调客观需要。6.B.Havingfinished解析：逗号前的动作"finishthehomework"发生在主句动作"wentout"之前，且逻辑主语"he"与"finish"之间是主动关系，故用现在分词的完成式"Havingfinished"作状语，表示动作的先后顺序。7.A.sitting;writing解析：第一空，"thegirl"与"sit"之间是主动关系，用现在分词"sitting"作后置定语，修饰"thegirl"；第二空，"beinterestedindoingsth."为固定搭配，意为“对做某事感兴趣”，故用"writing"。8.D.worrying;towork解析："It'snousedoingsth."为固定句型，意为“做某事是没用的”，其中"it"为形式主语，真正的主语是动名词短语"worryingabouttheexam"。第二空，"Whatmattersis..."中，"is"后的表语从句表示具体的将要采取的行动，用不定式"towork"更合适，强调“从现在开始努力学习”这一具体行为。三、定语从句定语从句是用以修饰名词或代词的复杂句结构，它能使句子表达更加简洁和丰富。正确理解和运用关系代词（which,that,who,whom,whose）和关系副词（where,when,why）是掌握定语从句的关键。请选择最佳答案填入括号内。1.Thisisthefactory_______myfatherworkedtenyearsago.()A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what2.Thebook_______coverisbluebelongstome.Iboughtitfromthebookstore_______isnearourschool.()A.which;whichB.whose;whereC.whose;whichD.ofwhich;that3.Iwillneverforgettheday_______wefirstmeteachother.Andthestory_______happenedonthatdayisstillclearinmymind.()A.when;thatB.which;whenC.where;whichD.onwhich;whatA.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose5.Doyouknowthereason_______shewaslateforschoolthismorning?()A.whichB.whyC.whenD.where6.Thescientist_______wemetyesterdayhasmadegreatcontributionstothefieldofmedicine.Hisresearch,_______waspublishedlastyear,hasattractedworldwideattention.()A.whom;whichB.who;thatC.which;whichD.that;whom7.Wevisitedthevillage_______manyancienttemplesarelocated.Mostofthetemples_______datebacktotheMingDynastyarewellpreserved.()A.where;whichB.which;whereC.that;whichD.where;whose8.Thisisthebestfilm_______Ihaveeverseen.Ican'tthinkofanother_______ismoreinteresting.()A.which;thatB.that;whichC.that;thatD.which;which参考答案及解析：1.A.where解析：先行词是"thefactory"，定语从句中"myfatherworked"主谓结构完整，缺少地点状语，故用关系副词"where"（相当于"inwhich"）。2.C.whose;which解析：第一空，先行词是"thebook"，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰"cover"，表示“书的封面”，故用"whose"；第二空，先行词是"thebookstore"，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故用"which"或"that"，选项中只有"which"。3.A.when;that解析：第一空，先行词是"theday"，定语从句中不缺主语或宾语，缺少时间状语，故用关系副词"when"（相当于"onwhich"）；第二空，先行词是"thestory"，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故用"that"或"which"。4.C.who解析：先行词是"theonlystudent"，指人，且关系词在定语从句中作主语。当先行词被"theon