五年级【英语】英语阅读理解解题方法

部编五年级【英语】英语阅读理解解题方法在小学英语考试中，阅读理解是考试中分值比重较大也是必考的一道题目。阅读理解是英语中词汇、句式、语法的综合运用，是一个比较综合的题目，对所掌握的英语技能的程度要求比较高。所以在同学们平时的学习中，既要重视对英语基础知识的掌握，又要养成阅读的好习惯，加强练习。下面是英语阅读理解的解题方法及例题讲解，大家可以看下。1、当你拿到一篇短文时，先要通读全文。切记不要一上来就一句一句地看，一句一句一理解，这样做会影响你对整篇文章的理解和认识。在通读文章的时候如果遇上生词，先不要管它，略过生词继续通读全文。2、读完第一遍，再从头阅读。这一遍要注意句式和语法，了解文章内容，特别是事件发生的时间，同时来猜测一下生词的含义。3、在你读第三遍的时候，要关注文章中提到的人物、时间、地点、发生了什么事等信息。这样你就可以完全了解文章一般说来，在练习、考试中完成阅读理解的题目和去阅读一篇文章是有区别的。在练习、考试中阅读一篇文章更多的是为了完成各种题目，而并非要真正对一篇文章有全面的了解，所以方法上会有一些不同。1、首先要关注文章的题目，因为题目往往就是文章的中心所在。2、其次在认读整篇文章后，要关注文章中出现了哪些人物，提到了什么时间，说到了哪个地点，发生了什么事情，这些都是你完成题目的关键信息。3、第三要看清题目的形式，通常会有3种类型：(1)选择题;(2)判断题;(3)回答问题。在这三种形式中，相对而言，判断题的难度最小，回答问题的难度比较大。完成判断题的选择题最为有效的方法，也是同学们使用最多的方法是用题目中的句子去和文章里的原句对照，通过对照进行判断或选择。在完成回答问题的题目时，先要读懂问句的意思，再从文章中找出相应的内容，在对问题进行笔答时，要注意句式、人称与动词的形式、时态等。(一)根据短文内容判断正(T)误(F)此类题目要求快速浏览所给图片和文字，初步把握内容，了解大意;然后细读，抓住主要内容和细节，标出关键词语，以便验证;也可以先浏览题目，明确要求后再看文章，然后做出判断。这样不但节省时间，提高速度，而且可以抓住重点，做到有的放矢。1.阅读短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案，MyClassIstudyatYuHongPrimarySchoolinGuangzhou.Ihaveforty—sevenclassmates(同学).Twenty—threeareboysandtwenty—fouraregirls.Ourclassroomisaniceone.It’sverybig.Therearefourwindowsandtwodoorsinit.Wehaveabigblackboardandasmallone.Thebigoneisforourteachersandthesmalloneisforus.Mr.LiisourChineseteacher.Heisanoldman.Wedon’tlikehimatall.ButMissChen,ourEnglishteacher,isayoungwoman.Sheisverynice.Wealllikeherverymuch.SowelikeEnglishthebest.WeoftenplaybasketballwithMissLi.(1).()Iama______.A.studentB.pupilC.teacher(2).()Thereare______.A.Forty—eightB.forty—sevenC.forty—six(3).()Ourclassroomis_______.A.smallB.oldC.nice(4).()Thereisonlyone_____inourclassroom.A.blackboardB.smallblackboardC.bigwindow(5).()Ourfavoritesubjectis________.A.ChineseB.EnglishC.basketball2、阅读文章，并判断所给的句子是否与短文的内容相符，如相符，在括号内写“T”，如不符，在括号内写“F”。Therearethreechildrenunderthetree.Theyareallmygoodfriends.TheboyinblackisTom.ThegirlinpinkandthegirlinredisEmma.Tomisinthesameclasswithme.Weoftenplayfootballtogether.Tom’smotherisanurseandhisfatherisateacher.Tomwantstobeadoctorinthefuture.Jane’smotherandmymotherworkatthesamefactory.Theyarealsogoodfriends.Jane’sfatherisateacher.Heteachesmathverywell.Heisverykindandwealllikehim.Emma’sfamilyjustmovedintothetownfromcountryside.Herfartherusedtobeafarmer.Heisnowworkinginasmallcompany.Emma’smotherisahousewife.()(1)Thereareoneboyandtwogirlsunderthetree.()(2)ThereareonlytwopeopleinTom’sfamily.()(3)Tom’smotherisadoctor.()(4)Mymotherisaworker.()(5)Jane’sfatherteachesmath.()(6)Emmausedtoliveinthetown.()(7)Emma’sfatherwasafarmer.(二)根据短文内容选择正确答案。注重理解整篇短文的内容，在阅读时不要抓住一个单词，一个词组的意思不放，从而影响对整篇文章的理解。其实有些生词是不影响阅读的，而有些生词是可以根据上下文的意思推敲出来的。因此，不必把它拿出来单独思考。然后再在理解的基础上进行分析，通过逻辑思维，做出选择，完成题目。1.IamMike.IamaAmericanboy.NowI’minChina.IliveinShanghai.It’saverybeautifulcity.Istudyinaschoolhere.Iusuallygotoschoolbybus.Ilikeplayingfootballverymuch.Iplayitwithmyfriendsontheweekends.MymotherisaTVreporter.Shegoestoworkbysubway.Shelikessingingverymuch.SheoftenlistenstomusiconTV.Myfatherisateacher.HeteachesP.E.inaschool.Hegoestoworkonfoot.Helikesart.HeoftendrawspicturesonSaturday.()(1)Mikelivesin__________now.A.ShanghaiB:BeijingC:America()(2)Mikeisa__________now.A.teacherB.areporterC.student()(3)Mike’shobbyis_________________A.playingfootballB.listeningtomusicC.painting()(4)Hisfathergoestowork__________A.bysubwayB.onfootC.bybus2、选择填空。Mikelikestocollectstamps.Hestartedthishobbyofcollectingstamptheyearbeforelast.HehasstampsfromChina,FranceandJapan.ButmostofhisstampsarefromChina,becausehehaslotsoffriendsinChina.Mike’sstampsareofvariousshapes–triangle,square,rectangleandcircle.Hisfavoriteshapeiscircle.Mikeputsallhisshapesinseveralalbums.Toincreasehiscollection,Mikesometimesexchangesstampswithhisfriends.Johnisoneofhisfriends,whoalsoliketocollectstamps.Hisstampsareprettyandcolorful.JohnandMikemeetonceaweek.Eachtimetheymeettheywillshoweachothertheirnewcollection.(1)Mike’shobbyistoA.collectstampsB.makefriendsC.travellingD.keepalbums(2)MostofMike’sstampsarefromA.JapanB.FranceC.ChinaD.Notmentioned(3)Mikehasstampsofdifferentshapes.A.fiveB.fourC.threeD.two(4)JohnisMike’sA.fatherB.neighborC.classmateD.friend(5)HowoftendoJohnandMikemeet?A.fourtimesaweekB.threetimesaweekC.twiceaweekD.onceaweek(三)根据短文内容回答问题。此类题目是阅读理解中相对而言较复杂的题型，它要求我们在理解的基础上进行分析，并做出合乎情理的解答，且要注意用词和句子结构，要避免语法错误。1.ThisisRDZ,theworkingrobot.RDZliveswiththeSpacyfamilyinSpaceville(太空村).Hehelpsthefamilywiththehouseworkeveryday.Hecleansthehouse,washestheclothesanddishes.Heknowshowtocookwell.RDZdoesn’teatnormal(普通的)food.Heeatstinsandwatchesandhedrinksoil.DoMr.andMrs.Spacyeatthesethings?Never.RDZoftenhelpsMrandMrsSpacy’schildrenwiththeirhomework.ThisyearheisteachingthemSpacelanguage.Thechildrenareveryclever.TheSpacyfamilyareholidayonMars(火星).Theywillcomebackhomeintwodays.SoRDZhasawonderfultime.Hewon’tclean.HecansitinfrontoftheTVandeatalotoffood.(1)WheredoesRDZlivewiththeSpacyfamily?________________________________(2)WhatdoesRDZeatanddrinkeveryday?____________________________________(3)IsRDZteachingMr.andMrs.Spacy’schildrenEnglish?_________________________(4)DoesRDZhaveawonderfultime?__________________________________________(5)WhenwillMr.andMrs.Spacybeback?_______________________________________2.MynameisWangLin.Therearefourpeopleinmyfamily.Theyaremyfather,mymother,mylittlebrotherandI.myfatherisateacher.Helikesdrawingpictures.Heworksinaschool.Hegoestoworkbybus.Mymotherisanurse.Shelikeslisteningtomusic.Sheworksinahospital.Shegoestoworkbybus.Mybrotherisastudent.HwlikeswatchingTV.Hegoestoworkonfoot.Ilikeplayingfootball.Igotoschoolbybike.(1)Whoworksinaschool?_________________________________________________(2)WhatdoesWangLin’smotherdo?________________________________________(3)WhatdoesWangLinlikedoing?_________________________________________(4)IsWangLin’sbrotherastudent?___________________________________________(5)DoesWangLin’sfathergotoworkbybus?_________________________________(五)完形填空。在处理完形填空时，一定要先将文章的大概意思弄懂，然后再考虑用单词的什么形式来填空。1.Oneday,Mr.Amperewentout(1)awalkinthestreet.There(2)alotofpeoplethere.Butallthiswas(3)tohim.Hewasthinking(4)amathsproblem.Hehadnopaperwithhim.Howcouldhe(5)itout?Justthenhwsawablackboardinfrontofhim.Hebegantowritethe(6)withapieceofchalkonit.Thentheblackboardmoved(7).hemovedwithit.Butitmovedso(8)thathecouldnotcatchupwithit.Helooked(9)andsawthe“blackboard”(10)him.Why?Itwasthebackofacarriage(马车)!()(1)A.toB.byC.forD.with()(2)A.wereB.areC.isD.was()(3)A.nothingB.anythingC.somethingD.everything()(4)A.onB.offC.aboutD.hard()(5)A.workB.startC,takeD.bring()(6)A.wordB.startC,takeD.bring()(7)A.fewB.littleC.afewD.alittle()(8)A.earlyB.fastC.slowlyD.quietly()(9)A.downB.upC.inD.out()(10)A.behindB.besideC.aboveD.before2.Bobthoughtthathewasveryclever.Hethoughtthatnoonecouldfool(欺骗)himbecausehe(1)tooclever.Onedayhe(2)toDick,themanonwatchingatthegate:“You(3)foolme.Dick.You(4)toofoolish!”“(5)herebythisgate.”AnsweredDick,“I(6)awaytofoolyou.”thenhewenthome.Twohourslateranotheryoungman(7)along.“Whyareyoustandinghere?”he(8)bob.“I(9)forDick,”answeredBob,“heisgoingtotryfoolme.”“Dick(10)home.”saidtheyoungman,“Hehasalreadyfooledyou!”()(1)A.isB.wasC.willbeD.isgoingto()(2)A.saidB.saysC.wassayingD.issaying()(3)A.don’tB.didn’tC.canneverD.never()(4)A.wereB.areC.willbeD.was()(5)A.WaitB.WaitsC.WaitedD.Waitfor()(6)A.willfindB.foundC.findD.founded()(7)A.comesB.cameC.hadcomeD.coming()(8)A.askedB.asksC.isaskingD.told()(9)A.waswaitingB.waitedC.amwaitingD.werewaiting()(10)A.goesB.hasgoneC.hadgoneD.went二、阅读理解2．阅读理解根据表格内容，选择正确答案。

Samisastudent.Hehasonlyfourlessonseveryday,buthegoestoschoolsixdaysaweek.Thefollowingishisschooltimetable(时间表).MondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridaySaturday8:00mathsEnglishEnglishmathsEnglishscience9:00EnglishmathsmathsEnglishmathsEnglish10:00SpanishartmusicscienceSpanishmusic11:00PEscienceSpanishPEartSpanish（1）—HowmanysubjectsdoesSamhaveatschool?—___________________.A.

Nine

B.

Six

C.

Seven（2）—Onwhatdaydoesn'tSamgotoschool?—___________________.A.

Thursday

B.

Sunday

C.

Saturday（3）—HowmanylessonsdoesSamhaveaweek?—___________________.A.

Twenty

B.

Sixteen

C.

Twenty-four（4）—Whichsubjectdoesn'tSamhaveatschool?—___________________.A.

Spanish

B.

Chinese

C.

English【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】短文讲述了山姆每天只有四节课，但他每周上学六天，和他的时间表。（1）句意：萨姆在学校有多少门课？根据表格可知萨姆在学校有七门课，故答案为C.（2）句意：山姆什么时候不上学？根据Hehasonlyfourlessonseveryday,buthegoestoschoolsixdaysaweek.可知山姆星期天不上学，故答案为B.（3）句意：山姆一周有几节课？根据Hehasonlyfourlessonseveryday,buthegoestoschoolsixdaysaweek.可知山姆一周有24节课，故答案为C.（4）句意：萨姆在学校没有哪门课？根据表格可知萨姆在学校没有语文课，故答案为B.【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行选择。

3．阅读理解阅读理解

Oneday,mymotherboughttwolittlerabbitsforme.I'mveryhappy.

Fromthaton,thetwolittlerabbitsbecamemygoodfriends.Theyhavetwolittleears,redeyes,withwhiteandfatbaby.They'recute.

Everyday,theyplaywitheachotherhappily.Oneday,Icouldn'tfindthem.Iaskedmymother:"Wherearethey?"Mymothertoldmethatshedidn'tknow.Atlast,Ifoundtheminthegrass.Theywereverydirty.Iwasangry,butwhenIlookedattheirlovelyfaces,Iwashappyagain.

Ilovemylittlerabbits,andtheyloveme.Theyaremygoodfriendsforever.阅读短文判断正误（1）Mymotherboughtfivelittlerabbitsforme.（2）Theyhavetwolittleears,redeyes,withwhiteandthinbodies.（3）Everyday,theyplaywitheachotherhappily.（4）Atlastfoundthemintheroom.（5）Ilovemylittlerabbits.【答案】（1）0（2）0（3）1（4）0（5）1【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了我的好朋友，两只小兔子的样子，我们每天玩得很高兴。（1）句意：我妈妈给我买了五只小兔子。根据Oneday,mymotherboughttwolittlerabbitsforme.可知我妈妈给我买了两只小兔子，故答案为错误。（2）句意：它们有两只小耳朵，红眼睛，白而薄的身体。根据Theyhavetwolittleears,redeyes,withwhiteandfatbaby.

可知它们有两只小耳朵，红眼睛，白胖的身体，故答案为错误。（3）句意：每天，他们都在愉快地玩耍。根据Everyday,theyplaywitheachotherhappily.可知每天，他们都在愉快地玩耍，故答案为正确。（4）句意：终于在房间里找到了。根据Atlast,Ifoundtheminthegrass.可知最后，我在草地上找到了它们，故答案为错误。（5）句意：我爱我的小兔子。根据

Ilovemylittlerabbits,andtheyloveme.可知我爱我的小兔子，故答案为正确。【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

4．阅读理解根据短文意思完成表格

Lucy'sunclePeterisapoliceman.Hehelpsotherseveryday.Hecatchesthieves.Hedrivesthepolicecartogoonpatrol.Heisbraveandhandsome.Welikehim.EverySaturdayhegoestothebeachforfishingbecausethat'shisfavorite.Tomisawaiter.Hisjobistobringfoodtopeople.Heiskind.Hesmilesallday.Buthedoesn'tliketoeattoomuch.Onweekendshelikestodrivehiscar.Helikestogoforaspin.Ben'sbrotherJackisafarmer.Heplantsrice.Everyspringheplantssomerice.Everyautumnhecutsthericeandputsthericeinthehouse.Hesellsomerice.Andheleavestheotherriceforhimself.Healsolikestogrowflowers.Hisgardenisverybeautiful.Hegrowsmanyflowersandvegetablesinthegarden.Hisgardenisinterestingtoo.Hemakesneatpathsandbuildsawoodenbridgeoverpool.Hewinstheprizefro"theNicestGarden"inthetown.NameWhatdoesheliketodo?Peter________Tom________Jack________【答案】Helikestogofishing.；Helikestodrivehiscarandgoforaspin.；Helikestogrowflowers.【解析】【分析】大意：短文介绍了彼得，汤姆和杰克职业，日常和爱好。（1）句意：他喜欢做什么？根据Lucy'sunclePeterisapoliceman.

EverySaturdayhegoestothebeachforfishingbecausethat'shisfavorite.可知彼得喜欢去钓鱼，故答案为Helikestogofishing.（2）句意：他喜欢做什么？根据Onweekendshelikestodrivehiscar.Helikestogoforaspin.可知汤姆喜欢开车去兜风，故答案为Helikestodrivehiscarandgoforaspin.（3）句意：他喜欢做什么？根据Ben'sbrotherJackisafarmer.Healsolikestogrowflowers.可知杰克喜欢种花，故答案为Helikestogrowflowers.【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，完成表格。5．阅读理解阅读小短文，判断对错

Mikeisnewatschool,buthehasmanyfriendsatschool.Helikesplayingfootballwithhisclassmates.HelikestalkingwithLilyonthephone.Heoftengetsemailsfromhisfriends.Theyemailhimphotos,too.Heoftenreadsbooksinthelibrary.Booksarehisfriends,too.（1）Mikelikesplayingbasketball.（2）HeoftencallsMary.（3）Heoftenemailphotostohisfriends.（4）Heoftengetsemailsfromhisclassmates.（5）Mikeoftenreadsbooksinthelibrary.【答案】（1）0（2）0（3）0（4）0（5）1【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了迈克在学校是新来的，在学校有许多朋友，他经常和同学们踢足球，和莉莉通电话，他们经常收到朋友的电子邮件和照片，经常在图书馆看书。（1）句意：迈克喜欢打篮球。根据Helikesplayingfootballwithhisclassmates.可知迈克喜欢和同学们踢足球。故答案为错误。（2）句意：他经常打电话给玛丽。根据HelikestalkingwithLilyonthephone.可知他经常打电话给莉莉。故答案为错误。（3）句意：他经常给朋友发照片。根据Heoftengetsemailsfromhisfriends.Theyemailhimphotos,too.可知他经常收到朋友的电子邮件。故答案为错误。（4）句意：他经常收到同学的电子邮件。根据Heoftengetsemailsfromhisfriends.可知他经常收到朋友的电子邮件。故答