2024-2025学年湖南怀化市高一下学期期末考试英语试题

2024-2025学年湖南怀化市高一下学期期末考试英语试题一、阅读理解(★★)FourTreasuresoftheStudyBrushesThebrush,madefromanimalhair,isthetoolbringinglifetothepaper.Fromdelicatelinestoboldbrushstrokes,thebrushisthemediumthroughwhichtheartist’semotionsandtechniquesflowontothepaper,creatingelegantworksofart.Themostfamousbrush,the“HuzhouBrush”,isproducedinHuzhou,ZhejiangProvince.InkTraditionalChineseinkcomesinsolidsticks.Toproduceliquidink,onegrinds(磨)theinkstickagainstaninkstonewithwater.TheactofgrindingsymbolizespatienceanddedicationhighlyvaluedinChineseculture.High-qualityink,originallyblackbutnowavailableinvariouscolors,ismostfamouslyproducedinHuizhou,AnhuiProvince.PaperChinesepaper,especiallytheancientricepaper,madefromsandalwoodbarkandricestraw,absorbsinksmoothlywithoutbleeding.Thepaperservesasacanvasfornotonlyartisticeffortsbutalsodocumentation,makingitavitalcomponentinthepreservationofhistoryandculture.“XuanPaper”,thebestpaperforwriting,ismadeinXuanzhou,AnhuiProvince.InkstonesInkstones,usedforgrindingink,wereoriginallysimplepotterytools.Later,theybecameartisticobjectscarvedfromstonethatreflectthetasteandstatusoftheirowners.Thechoiceofinkstoneiscrucialasitcanaffectthequalityandtextureoftheink,furtherenhancingtheartisticexpressionincalligraphyandpainting.Themostfamousinkstone,“DuanInkstone”,isproducedinZhaoqing,GuangdongProvince.Withthesetreasures,Chinesepeoplecreateduniquestylesofcalligraphyandpainting,establishingadistinctiveexpressionsystem.Today,theycontinuetoinspireartistsworldwide,bridgingtraditionandmodernity.1.WhyisgrindinginkconsideredmeaningfulinChineseculture?

A．Becauseitisadifficultprocess.B．Becauseitproducesinkinvariouscolors.C．Becauseitrequiresahigh-qualityinkstone.D．BecauseitreflectsvaluedmoralsinChina.2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheFourTreasuresoftheStudy?

A．Thebrushismadefrombark.B．InkisonlyproducedinHuizhou.C．“XuanPaper”isthebestpaperforwriting.D．Inkstoneswereoriginallycarvedobjects.3.Whichcolumninapapermightthepassagecomefrom?

A．Technology.B．Travel.C．Lifestyle.D．Culture.(★★★)WhenYuanLongpingwasyoung,hewitnessedtheroughrealityoffarmersfrequentlysufferingfrompoorharvestsandevenfacingseverefoodshortages.Drivenbyastrongsenseofresponsibilitytoaddressthispressingissue,hemadethedecisiontostudyagricultureandreceivedhiseducationatSouthwestAgriculturalCollege.Aftergraduationin1953,YuantookontheroleofateacheratAnjiangAgriculturalSchool.Herealizedmerelyexpandingtheareaoffarmlandwasnottheanswertoincreasingfoodproduction.Instead,thekeylayinimprovingtheoutputoftheexistingfarmland.Thequestionofhowtoachievethiswasahardchallengeatthetime.Yuanfirmlybelievedthathybridriceheldthekeytosolvingthisproblem.Ahybridistheresultofcrossingtwoormorevarietiesofaspecies,andoneofitsnotablecharacteristicsisthatitoftenhashigherproductionthantraditionalcrops.Buttheideaofdevelopingahybridofself-pollinating(自我传粉)plantslikericewashighlydebatable.Thecommonbeliefthenwasthatitwasanimpossibletask.Nevertheless,Yuanwasfearless.Throughhisfirmdeterminationandpainstakingefforts,heovercameaseriesoftechnicaldifficultiesandsuccessfullydevelopedthefirsthybridricethatcouldbeusedforlarge-scalefarming.Thisachievementwasaturningpoint,asitnotonlysolvedthefoodprobleminChinabutalsobroughthopetopeoplearoundtheworldsufferingfromhunger,enablingfarmerstosignificantlyincreasetheirriceoutput.Today,itisestimatedthatapproximately60percentofthericeconsumedinChinacomesfromYuan’shybridrice.HisinnovationhasnotonlyensuredfoodsecurityinChinabutalsohasafar-reachingimpactglobally.Manycountries,suchasIndiaandVietnam,whichrelyheavilyonriceasmainfood,havealsobenefitedfromhishybridricetechnology.YuanLongping’sstoryshowsusthepowerofperseverance,whichservesasaninspirationforpeoplethroughouttheworld.4.WhatwasYuanLongping’skeysolutiontoincreasingfoodproduction?

A．Developinghybridrice.B．Importingricefromothercountries.C．Expandingfarmlandarea.D．Teachingbetterfarmingtechniques.5.Whatcanbeconcludedaboutthedevelopmentofhybridrice?

A．It’saneasytasktodeveloptherice.B．It’swidelyacceptedfromthestart.C．Itrequiresgreatdeterminationandefforts.D．IthasanimpactonfoodproductiononlyinChina.6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeYuanLongpingaccordingtothepassage?

A．Ambitiousandhonest.B．Sociableandbrave.C．Determinedandselfless.D．Cautiousandenergetic.7.Whatdoesthispassageconvey?

A．Practicemakesperfect.B．It’snevertoooldtolearn.C．Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.D．Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.(★★★)Almosteverythingwedowith,orsimplynearto,aconnecteddeviceproducessomesmallbitofinformation—aboutwhoweare,aboutthedevicewe’reusingandtheotherdevicesnearby,aboutwhatwedidandwhenandhowandforhowlong.Sometimesdoingnothingatall—merelystayingonawebpage—isrecordedasarelevantpieceofinformation.Ourdataareeverywherebecauseourdataareuseful,mostlytomakepeoplemoney.Whensomeoneopensuptheirphone’sbrowserandclicksonalink,awholehiddeneconomykicksintoaction.Youbrowseawebsiteforfree,ifyouallowustotrackyourdataandtargetyouwithpersonalizedads.Ifyoudon’t,youquit.There’sacommonwaytounderstandInternetbusinessmodels:“Ifyou’regettingitforfree,youaretheproduct.”Whatthatmeansinpracticeisthatwebsitesgiveawaytheircontentforfreeandinreturnyoufeedthemwithyourpersonaldata.Networktrackersgettheirinformationandfeedittodifferentmarketersandcompanies,whichcombineitwithinformationgatheredfromotherpeopleandothersitesanduseittoclassifyusinto“interesttypes”.Themoredataaregathered,theeasieritistopredictwhoweare,whatwelike,wherewelive,whomwemightvotefor,howmuchmoneywemighthave,andwhatwemightliketobuywithit.Oncecollected,ourinformationricochetsaroundacomplexad-techecosystem—springingrapidlybetweencomputers,automatedprocesses,andadcompanieslikeapinball(弹球游戏)inamachinemadeupofthousandsofcompaniesthatoffertoanalyzeitanddeliverhighlytargetedadsbasedonit.Clicking“Agree”onanapp’stermsofservicemightmean,intheeyesofanexploitative(剥削性强的)—company,thattheappwillnotonlytaketheinformationyou’regivingupbutwillsellitto,orshareitwith,othercompanies.Theonlycertaintyisthatonceourinformationisoutthere,we’renotgettingitback.8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A．Preventingdatatrackinglimitsonlineaccess.B．Usershavefullcontrolovertheirpersonaldata.C．Inactivevisitsproduceuselessinformation.D．Datatrackingaimstoprovidefreeservices.9.Whydowebsitesgiveawaytheircontentforfreeaccordingtothepassage?

A．TopromotetheInternet.B．Tocollectuserspersonaldata.C．Tohelpuserssavemoney.D．Toprovidebetterservicetousers.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ricochets”inparagraph4probablymean?

A．Leavesslowly.B．Movesquicklyandunpredictably.C．Hidessecurely.D．Disappearssuddenlyandcompletely.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsdatacollection?

A．Optimistic.B．Indifferent.C．Critical.D．Supportive.(★★★★)BEIJING—China’sindependently-developedAG600largeamphibious(水陆两用的)aircrafthasenteredanewstageoflow-rateinitialmassproductionandfinalassembly(装配),accordingtotheAviationIndustryCorporationofChina（AVIC）onTuesday.ThelargepartoftheaircraftnoseforthefirstbatchproducedAG600airplanewasdeliveredonJune30,saidtheAVIC,thecountry’sleadingaircraftproducer.ThemovemarkedatransitionofthetypeofAG600aircraftfromthestageofdevelopmenttomassproduction,thedeveloperadded.AccordingtotheAVIC,productionfortheaircraftnoselastedforaboutthreemonths.TheCentralandSouthernRegionalAdministrationofAVIChascarriedouttheinspectionfortheproducingofthislargepart.Followingthis,thefinalassemblyofthisAG600aircraftwillbecarriedoutbyAVICGeneralHuananAircraftIndustryCoLtdinZhuhai,SouthChina’sGuangdongprovince.AftertheAG600aircraftobtainsthetypecertificate,itwillthenbedeliveredtothecustomer,accordingtothedeveloper.Avastcountrywithcomplexlandforms,Chinahasbeenstrengtheningitscapabilitiesintheairemergencyrescuesectorallthetime.China’s14thFive-Year/Plan(2021-25)hasproposedtheimprovementofthenationalemergencymanagementsystembystrengtheningandenhancingairrescuesystemoptionsandcapabilities.TheAG600largeamphibiousaircraftfamilyisbeingdevelopedasvitaladvancedaeronautical(航空的)equipmenttostrengthenthecountry’semergency-rescuecapabilities,accordingtothedeveloper.Thisaircraftfamilyisoriginallydesignedtocarryoutrescuemissionssuchasfirefighting,andmaritimesearchandrescueinalltypesoflandacrossthecountry.TheAG600seriesamphibiousaircraftfeaturesauniquefacilityconsistingofanintegratedaircraft-shapedupperbodyandaship-bottom-shapedlowerbody.AccordingtoAVIC,theAG600aircraftfamilyisbeingdevelopedwithafocusonamphibiouscapability,flexibilityacrossmultiplemodels,andserializeddevelopment.Thislargeamphibiousairportcanbeinstalledwithequipmentandfacilitiestomeetvarieddemandsfromusersinfieldssuchasmarineenvironmentmonitoring,resourcedetection,passengerandcargotransportation,andmore,thedevelopersaid.12.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A．Toserveastheleadsummarizingthenews.B．Toprovidebackgroundonmassproduction.C．TodetailAG600largeamphibiousaircraft.D．ToexplainthepurposeanddesignofAG600.13.WherewillthefinalassemblyofthisAG600aircraftbecarriedout?

A．InBeijing.B．InZhuhai,Guangdong.C．InAVIC.D．Inthecustomer’scorporation.14.WhatistheprimarypurposeoftheAG600aircraftaccordingtothepassage?

A．Todoairresearch.B．Toperformrescuemissions.C．Totakemilitaryaction.D．Tomonitorcommercialpassengers.15.Whichcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthispassage?

A．AVICandtheAG600.B．China’s14thFive-YearPlan.C．TheAG600’sUniqueDesign.D．AG600:EnteringaNewStage.(★★★)Beingtruetoyourselfisverycrucialinlife.It’svitaltoknowwhoyouare,whatyoutrust,andwhatmakesyouhappy.16.Itextendstoanimportantpartofoursociallives:enablingotherstobethemselvesandacceptingthemforwhotheyare。17Wemayattempttocontroltheiractionsorinfluencetheirwayofthinking.However,thisonlycreatesconflictandcanharmrelationships.Instead,weshouldfocusonacceptingothersastheyareandallowingthemtoexpressthemselvesfreely.18Itimpliesweshouldrespecttheirindividualityandvaluetheiruniqueviewpoints.Likewise,weshouldalsostruggletobetruetoourselvesandnotletothersdirectouractionsorbeliefs.It’salltooeasytogettrappedintryingtopleaseeveryone.Butindoingso,werisklosingtouchwithourowntrueselves.19Beingtruetooneselfandallowingotherstobethemselvesisn’talwayseasy.However,itisakeyaspectofbuildinghealthyrelationshipsandpersonalwell-being.20Itdemandsself-awareness,empathy,andawillingnesstoacceptothersunconditionally.Inconclusion,thekeytohappinessandhealthyrelationshipsistoletyourselfbeyourselfandothersthemselves.Byembracingindividualityandrespectingdiversity,wecancreateamoreharmoniousandinclusiveworld.

A．Wemightlosesightofourownvaluesanddesires.B．However,thisdoesn’tstopatjustbeingtruetoyourself.C．Itisessentialforleadingafulfillingandmeaningfullife.D．Weneedn’tunderstandtheirbackgroundandexperiences.E．Thisdoesn’tmeanwehavetoagreewitheverythingtheysay.F．Thatiswhypeoplehavedifferentwaysofthinkingandbehaving.G．Manyofusaretryingtoreshapeotherstomeetourownexpectations.二、完形填空(★★★)Iwasayoungandeagerathletefullofdreamsbutalsotendedtomakemistakes.Oneday,atthestartlineofa_________trackand-fieldcompetition.Itrulydeterminedtogiveanoutstanding_________thatwouldmakeeveryoneproud._________,duetomyover-enthusiasmandnervousness,ImadeaseriouserrorinthewayIgotreadytostart.Mycoach,filledwithanger,_________meseverely.Thisimmediatelyledtoa_________betweenus.Ifeltdeeplyhurtbyhisharshwords.Iatthattimethoughthewasabsolutelywronganddidn’t_________meatall.Iwasintheblues.Tome,hewasjustlikea_________.Inomoretrustedhim.Withtimegoingby,I_________.Igraduallybecameawareofmyimmaturity.Irealizedhisstrongreactionwasoutofhis_________senseofresponsibilityformygrowthasanathlete.Fullyawareofmymistake,I_________tofaceitbravely,listeningtomycoachandperfectingeverydetail.Imadeall_________toremovethenegativethoughtsthatcloudedmymindandstartedtrainingevenharder.Withwisdomfromthisexperience,Igradually_________myskillsandmindset.Inthenextcompetition,Ifinally_________myrealpotential.AsIcrossedthefinishline,Iknewthatthisincidenthadbeena_________turningpointinmygrowthasanathlete,teachingmeinvaluablelessonsaboutlearningfrom_________andhandlingconflictsinthepursuitofmysportsdreams.21.A．difficultB．crucialC．relaxingD．tiresome22.A．lectureB．jumpC．performanceD．comment23.A．MeanwhileB．HoweverC．ThereforeD．Besides24.A．persuadedB．trainedC．criticizedD．limited25.A．conflictB．secretC．fightD．story26.A．welcomeB．acceptC．refuseD．mind27.A．strangerB．coachC．neighborD．classmate28.A．cutinB．burstoutC．lookedupD．cooleddown29.A．deep-rootedB．hard-wonC．short-livedD．heart-broken30.A．signaledB．beggedC．decidedD．wished31.A．excusesB．effortsC．arrangementsD．preparations32.A．hidB．forgotC．improvedD．remembered33.A．quitB．revealedC．understoodD．lost34.A．significantB．meaninglessC．dangerousD．moving35.A．friendsB．booksC．parentsD．mistakes三、语法填空(★★★)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheInternethasbecomeanimportantpartinourlives.Ithasthepowertoconnectpeopleindifferent36(part)oftheworldtoasinglesharedcommunity.Wecanachievealmostanythingonline—withaccess37theInternetcomesometrulylife-changingadvantages.OneofthegreatestadvantagesoftheInternet38(lie)inthequickandeasyavailabilityofahugeamountofinformation.Withtheclickofamouse39thetouchofabutton,wearelikelytofindoutalmostanythingwecaretoknow.TheInternethasalsomadeourlives40(unbelievable)convenient.Youcanhavefood41(deliver)toyouusingfooddeliveryappsandsites.Aboveallelse,theInternethelpsusestablishandmaintainsocialties.Aninstantmessage,agroupchat,avideocall,acommenton42update—thereareendlesswaystoshareourviewsorletsomeoneknowwecareaboutthem.WhiletheInternetbringsmanyvaluableadvantages,itraisesallsortsofquestions.When43(surf)theInternet,howcanweprotectourselves?HowcanweusetheInternetpropertyandresponsibly?Wemustbeawareoftheseproblemsandbecarefulaboutwhether44(trust)thesite.Whenusedsafely,theInternetcanbeaplaceofdiscovery,wonderand45(inspire)foreveryone.四、书信写作(★★)46.假设你是李华，上周你校举办了科技嘉年华（ScienceandTechnologyCarnival）活动。请你用英语写一篇稿件报道此次活动。内容包括：1.活动目的；2.活动内容；3.活动反响。注意：写作词数应为80左右。TheScienceandTechnologyCarnivalinourschool____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、书面表达(★★★)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语，续写两段使之构成一篇完整的短文。Anotherwildlybrightlightningalongwithathundercrackedinthesky!MaryswiftlythrewherselfintoherMum’sarms,buryingherfaceintoherchestandtremblingwithfright.“Ithinkweshouldleavehererightaway!”Shemurmuredinacryingtone.Instantly,Dadrefusedherrequestagainforthefactthatthecityhadalreadybeenfloodedseverely.Ashesawthroughtheirwindow,thealmostthree-meter-highfloodwaterhadalreadysurroundedtheapartmentbuildinglikeawideriver,severalcarsfloatingonitjustlikeboats.“Blackout!”Marygaspedfearfully,thewindroaringandtherainbeatingontheroofandwindows,whichmadeherevenmorenervousinthewholedarkness.MumtookMary’shandandcarefullyledhertositonthesofa,tryingherbesttocomforther.Whilesheperformedcalmly,Marycouldtellshewasnervoustoo.“Let’strytofindalightsourcefirstandthenseewhatothersupplieswehave.”Dadmadeanarrangement.Luckily,therewasaflashlight,somepacka