2024-2025学年福建省厦门市高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题

2024-2025学年福建省厦门市高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题一、阅读理解(★★★)CorinthCanal&AdriaticExplorer7NIGHTSDEPARTING7THJULY&4THAUGUST2025DiscoverthehiddentreasuresoftheAdriaticindetailonasmall-shipcruise(游轮)onboardMSCaledonianSky.DiscoverhistoriccitieslikeDubrovnik,KotorandAthens.Engageyourselfinlocalculturewithinformativeguidedtoursandvisitstohistoriclocations.Enjoylocaldishesandappreciatephenomenalwilderness.KrkaNationalPark-InsiderExperienceHeadtobeautifulKrkaNationalParktoexploreitsdramaticwaterfalls.Takeawalkalongwoodenbridgestoadmirethefalls,andloseyourselfinthepark’srichplantsandanimals.PeacefulWalkThroughKorčulaArriveinKorčula,thebirthplaceofMarcoPolo,andenjoysometimeatyourownpacetoexploreitsfascinatingstreetsorperhapsjoinanoptionaltour.PicturesqueCruiseThroughKotorBayCruisethroughthebreathtakingfjord(峡湾)whichisaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,sailingpasthighcliffsandcharmingvillagesdottedalongtheshore.CorinthCanalTransitYourshipwilljourneythroughthefamousCorinthCanal,whichisjust21.3metreswide.Unlikeothercruisingopportunities,thisisn’taboutwatchingthecountrysidepassyouby—you’llbecloselyhuggedbygrand,toweringcanalwallseithersideofyou-afantasticreminderthatyoureallyareonboardasmallership.EXCLUSIVESAVINGSOFUPTO50%ONLYAVAILABLEWITHREADEROFFERSYOUREXCLUSIVEREADEROFFERSFARESFROM

STATEROOM/SUITEFULLFARE

(Perperson)SALEFARE

(Perperson)StandardSuite£1,295£1,989SuperiorSuite£4,540£2,269OTHERDATESAREAVAILABLE—PLEASECALL08082580251FORDETAILS1.Whichplaceofferstheviewofcoastalvillages?

A．KrkaNationalPark.B．Korčula.C．KotorBay.D．CorinthCanal.2.Howmuchdoacouplepayforasuperiorsuitewithreaderoffers?

A．£1,989.B．£2,269.C．£4,538.D．£4,540.3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?

A．Topromoteacruisetour.B．Tosharelocalcuisines.C．Toadvertisehistoricsites.D．Toreportonanadventure.(★★★)SanaJaveriKadri’sgroundbreakingeffortstochangetheglobalspiceindustrystartedwithonesmallaction.Shetookaimatgoldenmilklattes.In2016,JaveriKadriwasworkinginmarketingforalargeSanFranciscogrocerystorewhenshenoticedthefashionsweepingAmerica’scoffeeshops.Sheknewthedrink’skeyingredient,powderedturmeric(姜黄粉),grewmostlyinhernativeIndia.Butunlikeexistingvarietiesoffarm-to-tablecoffee,chocolate,orfruit,therewaslittletransparency(透明度)intothesupplychain.WhenshereturnedtoMumbaiearlythefollowingyear,JaveriKadriinvestigatedandrealizedtwothings.SomeregenerativefarmersinIndiauseddistinctgrowingandprocessingtechniquesthatresultedinvarietiesfarbetterthananythingshe’dseenacrossMumbaiandCalifornia.Andyetnofarmersseemedtobeprofitingfromturmeric’snewfoundfashionamongwellnessseekers.Soshedecidedtoreinventthesupplychain.JaveriKadriputintheonlymoneyshehad—about$3,000—tobuythefreshestturmericshecouldfindandbringittoCalifornia.“Iwashand-packingitinmybasementandthensellingitontheinternet,”sheremembers.ThankstoatalentforInstagrammarketingandafewkeycontactsinthefoodworld,thebusinesstookoff.TodayJaveriKadri’sDiasporaCo.offers41spicessourcedfromIndiaandSriLanka.Unliketraditionalspicecompanies,Diasporadealsdirectlywithmorethan150farms,reachingthousandsoffarm-workerswhilepayingthem,onaverage,fourtimesthemarketprice.Thehigh-qualityproductallowsthecompanytochargeanextrafee,whichhasledtomorefundsinitsfarmpartners.“Becausewe’resourcingfromSouthAsia,Ithinkthere’saveryproblematicassumptionthatitshouldbecheap,”shesays.“That’sbasicallytheeffectsofcolonialism(殖民主义)andracism,wherewe’redevaluingthislaborandwe’redevaluingtheworthofthisproduct.”4.Whatdoweknowaboutturmericinparagraph1?

A．ItisnativetoSanFrancisco.B．Itissoldingrocerystore.C．Itisafarm-to-tableproduct.D．Itiskeytogoldenmilklattes.5.WhatledJaveriKadritoreinventthesupplychain?

A．Theoutdatedfarmingskills.B．Theweaksalesofturmeric.C．Hereagernesstoseekwellness.D．Farmers’missingoutonprofits.6.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A．HowJaveriKadrigrewfreshturmeric.B．HowJaveriKadri’sbusinesssucceeded.C．HowJaveriKadriusedonlinemarketing.D．HowJaveriKadri’sinfluencewasexpanded.7.WhydoesJaveriKadrimention“colonialismandracism”inparagraph4?

A．Toreviewthehistoryofspiceindustry.B．Toexplainthepricingprincipleofspice.C．Tointroducetheoriginofspicevarieties.D．Toindicatetheunfairnessofspicetrade.(★★★)Picturearobot.Whatdoyousee?Astony,steelmachinebuilttobestrongerthanlivingbeings?Unfortunately,thisqualitynowthreatenstofloodtheplanetine-waste.Whatif,ourmachinesweredesignedtobreakdownanddisappear—likelifedoes?ForastudyinScienceAdvances,researchersdesignedaroboticarmandacontrollerfromporkgelatinandplantcellulose—materialsstrongenoughtofunctionyeteasyenoughtodegrade(降解).Aftertesting,bothstructuresbrokedowninsoilwithinweeks.Biodegradableroboticsoftenfallsundertheumbrellaofsoftrobotics,whichdrawsinspirationfromnature’screations.PingdongWei,amaterialsscientistatWestlakeUniversity,teamedupwithhisfriendZhuangZhang,aroboticsengineernowatFudanUniversity,toconstructrobotsforthestudy.Weihadbeendrawntorobotics,Zhangrecalls,andraisedtheideaofcreatingarobothimself.“That’swhenIthought,‘Whynotusethematerialsheworkswithtobuildone?’”Theyfirstmadecelluloselayersfromcottonpulp,thenaddedglycerolforflexibilityanddriedthelayersforstrength.Tobuildsensors,theresearchersusedaconductivegelatindrawnoutfrompork,inwhichtheflowofions(离子)changeswhenthematerialisbentorpressed.Theythenfoldedtheflatfilmsandsensorsinto3Dstructures.WeiandZhangfoundthatthecontrollerandroboticarmstooduptobothheavyuseandaweekofinactivity.Finally,theyburiedthembothina20-centimeter-deepholeneartheircampus.Withineightweeksthemachineswerealmostgone.WeiandZhanglookforwardtobotslikethesehandlingwasteandthenbreakingdown;theyalsoexpectrobotsthataidmedicaloperationsandthensafelybreakdowninsidethebody.Butit’simportanttonotethatthetechnologyisinearlystages.“Ifwewanttohaveanenvironmentallyfriendlyrobotthatgoesoutsideinnature,”theresearcherssay,“weneedtothinkofpowersuppliesorbatteriesthatarebiodegradable.”8.Whatistheauthor’sconcerninparagraph1?

A．Soilqualitydecreases.B．Machinesendupase-waste.C．Disastersstriketheplanet.D．Robotsthreatenpeople’slives.9.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph3?

A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bydescribingaprocess.C．Bymakingacomparison.D．Byshowingcauseandeffect.10.Whatmayresearchersconsideraboutfuturerobots?

A．Providingtrainingtorobots.B．Ensuringsaferobotbehavior.C．Developingdegradablebatteries.D．Improvingrobots’operationsystem.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A．MadeofMetalB．AddedforFlexibilityC．DeathbyDesignD．PowerwithaPrice(★★★★)Whenwrestlingwithamoraldilemma,apersonmayreachadecisionnotonlybythinkingthroughtheproblembutalsobysensingphysicalsignalsfromtheirbody,anewstudysuggests.Thestudysupportstheideathatthesebodilyreactionsformpartofafeedbackloop(反馈循环)thathelpsguidepeopleindecision-making.Previousstudieshavesuggestedthatsidingwiththemajorityinamoraldilemmacouldhelptakesomestressoffthebrain,andthenewstudyseemstoagreewiththatidea.“Recenttheoriessuggestthatourbrainsaredesignedtominimizetheuseofphysicalresourcewhilemaintainingsurvival,”studyco-authorHackjinKimsaid.“Onewaytodothisistolearnothers’expectationstoavoidsocialconflict,”Kimsuggested.Combiningtheseideas,Kimandcolleaguesproposedthatpeoplewhoareawareoftheirbodilyfeedbacksignalsshouldusethatinformationtokeeptheirdecision-makinginlinewithothers’expectations.Intheirstudy,theteamtestedthisassumptionbypresentingparticipantswithmoraldilemmasandaskingthemtochoosebetweentwodecisions—one“utilitarian,”whichprioritized(优先考虑)minimizingharmforthemajority,andone“deontological,”whichprioritizedfollowingestablishedrules.Inaseparatetest,theresearchersaskedtheparticipantstocounttheirheartbeatsoverashortperiodwhiletheparticipants’heartbeatswererecordedwithanelectrocardiogram.Peoplewhoweremoreaccurate(精确的)atcountingtheirheartbeatstendedtochoosethemoraldecisionthatmostotherpeoplechose,theteamfound.Thiswastruewhethermorepeoplechosetheutilitarianordeontologicaloptionforagivenmoraldilemma.Basically,it’seasierfollowthecrowdthanrunagainstthegrain.Infuturework,Kimplanstoinvestigatehowtherelationshipbetweenmoralsenseandawarenessofbodysignalsvariesamongcultures,typesofmoraldilemmasandindividualpersonalitydifferences.Butfornow,Kimsaid,“thisresearchlaysanewtheoreticalframeworkforunderstandingculturalandindividualdifferencesinmoralbehaviorandpredictingrule-followingbehavioringrouporonlinesettings.”12.Whatdoesparagraph2suggest?

A．Followingotherslessensmentalstress.B．Makingdecisionssolvessocialdilemmas.C．Brainsworkbestalone.D．Conflictshelpussurvive.13.Whydidtheresearcherscarryoutaseparatetest?

A．Tocollectsupportingevidence.B．Tooverturnprevioustheories.C．Tocheckpossiblesolutions.D．Toassessdataaccuracy.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“runagainstthegrain”inparagraph4mean?

A．Sidewiththeminority.B．Takethebeatenroad.C．Raceagainsttime.D．Gatherincrops.15.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthestudyinthelastparagraph?

A．Itfocusesonphysicalsignals.B．Itbuildsafreshtheoreticalbasis.C．Itexploresculturalvariationswidely.D．Itquestionsexistingmoraltheoriesdirectly.(★★★)Interruptionsareterribleincommunication—butnotallcomefromthesameplace.“It’spossiblethatsomeone’scuttinginbecausetheyhaveadifficulttimefocusingwithoutspeaking,”saysJeffersonFisher,anauthorofTheNextConversation:ArgueLess,TalkMore.Inthatcase?Letthemgettheirwordsout.16Othertimes,yourconversationpartnerwillcutinonpurpose.“Whatthey’resayingis,‘WhatIhavetosayismoreimportantthanwhatyouhavetosay,’”Fisherpointsout.Whatshouldyoudoaboutit?17.Justkeeptalking.Thefirsttimesomeonecutsin,continuespeakingasthoughyouhaven’tbeeninterrupted.“Itmightsoundrudetocontinuewhatyou’resaying,butitestablishespower,”saysJamilaMusayeva,anetiquetteexpert.18Don’traiseyourvoiceorstarttomumble(小声嘀咕).“You’renotshowingthemthatyou’rebeingcausedbyit,andyou’renotgivingthemtheattentionthey’relookingfor,”shesays.Thatmaybeallittakestoensuretheyallowyoutospeak.19Ifthepersoninterruptingyoucontinuestodoso,it’stimetotakeaction.Addresshimbyname:“Namesgetpeople’sattention,”Fishersays.Plus,whenusingthephrasinghesuggests,youactuallymean“It’snotmesayinganythingaboutyou.It’smesayingitaboutme:‘Ican’thearyou.’”That,he’sfound,usuallyputsanendtotheinterruptions.“MayIfinish?”Peopleoftenmakethemistakeofapologizingwhenthey’retheonesbeinginterrupted:20Avoidthat—youdidn’tdoanythingwrong,saysElisePowers,whorunsaglobalcommunicationstrainingfirm.Instead,shesuggestsaskingifyoucanfinishwhatyouweresaying.“Doitinaconfidentway,wherealmostnooneisgoingtosay‘No,youmaynotfinish,’”shesays.

A．“Sorry,canIcontinue?”B．Theydon’tmeananyharm.C．Thekeyismaintainingthesametone.D．“John,I’llturnitovertoyouwhenIfinish.”E．“Bob,Ican’thearyouwhenyouinterruptme.”F．You’llfinishyourthought,andthentheycansharetheirs.G．Weaskedexpertsexactlywhattosaywhensomeoneinterruptsyou.二、完形填空(★★★★)Graduationceremoniesareoftenfilledwithproudfamilies,smilingseniorsandwordsofencouragement.ButatMansfieldISD’sSummitHighSchool,theClassof2025receivedsomething________—apersonalletterfromtheirheadmaster.HeadmasterJasonMuttererwentaboveandbeyondbypersonallywriting443________letterswithspecificthanks.Alongwitheachnote,he________asingledollarbill,symbolizingthepowerofeventhesmallestactsof________.Theletterstookhimmorethan24hoursto________,buttoMutterer,itwastimewellspent.Hisgoal:toshowhisstudentsthatindividualkindness________,andthattogether,443random(随机的)actsofkindnesscanstartarippleeffect(涟漪效应)andcreate_______changeintheworld.Mutterer________hisseniorsduringtheschool’sgraduationceremony,callingitanabsolutehonorto________thisexcellentclass.Muttererwantedto________themwithsomething.“Insidethatletter,there’sasingledollarbill,”Mutterersaid.“Itmightseem________,butif443kidsaredoingrandomactsofkindnesseveryday,ithasahuge________.”“Hemadeeveryoneofusfeelseenandloved,”saidonestudentafterthegraduationceremony.“Hopefullywegetto________thekindnessonedayandmakeotherpeoplefeelimportantandappreciated.”Mutterer’sparting________tohisstudentswasmorethanagoodbye.Itwasa________:togooutintotheworldandpayitforward.21.A．strangeB．expensiveC．extraD．average22.A．fancyB．typicalC．welcomingD．heartfelt23.A．includedB．exchangedC．requiredD．found24.A．courageB．kindnessC．generosityD．faith25.A．mailB．answerC．presentD．complete26.A．changesB．mattersC．existsD．appears27.A．suddenB．meaningfulC．slightD．rapid28.A．addressedB．informedC．interviewedD．comforted29.A．saveB．planC．serveD．attend30.A．leaveB．chargeC．compareD．replace31.A．invaluableB．insignificantC．inaccessibleD．illegal32.A．shockB．issueC．impactD．relief33.A．makeoutB．talkaboutC．trackdownD．passon34.A．giftB．hugC．waveD．question35.A．burdenB．reasonC．challengeD．competition三、语法填空(★★★)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Maoriartsandcraftsareworld-renownedandverypopularwithtourists.TheWakais36traditionalcanoethathasbeenskillfullycarvedoutofatreetrunk,withbeautiful37(carving)addedtoshowtribalhistoryandculture.VisitorstoMaorihistoricbuildings,suchastribalmeetinghalls,canseebeautifullycarvedwoodenarchitecture.Inaddition,thereare38(count)smallerobjectsandmasksthatweremade39(honour)ancestorsorlegendsortopreserveastoryforfuturegenerations.(★)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Estebanhadbeencyclingashardashecouldforhoursandwiththefinishingline40sight,allthecyclistsbegantospeedup.Then,suddenlyEstebangotaflattire.Whatshouldhedo?Giveuporcontinue?Esteban41(throw)hisbikeoverhisshouldersandracedtowardsthefinishingline.Justafewsecondslater,fourth-placedNavarrocaughtupwithhim.Surely,hecould42(simple)overtakeEsteban.ButNavarrosloweddownandletEstebanrunahead.(★★★)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whitestorks(鹳)aremakingacomebackinBritainafterdisappearing600yearsago.Areintroductionprojecthassoughttocreatenewcoloniesofstorks,43actasa“magnet”(磁铁)todrawinotherwildbirds.Since2000,ahabitat44(create)atKneppEstate,inWestSussex,withbirdsbornthereandlater45(return)aftermigration(迁徙)overseas.IsabellaTree,whoco-ownsKnepp,said:“TheyarenowflyingtoMoroccoonmigrationandbringingwildbirdsbackwiththemaspairs.”四、书信写作(★★★)46.英语课上，你们班同学就学校大课间活动项目的选择（如音乐广场、传统游戏……）展开热烈讨论。请你代表小组用英语进行汇报，内容包括：（1）讨论结果；（2）说明理由。注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请在答题纸的相应位置作答。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、阅读理解(★★★)47.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Assummerapproaches,America’snationalparksexpecthugecrowds.Lastsummer,332millionpeoplevisitedAmerica’s63nationalparks.Basedonyearlyupwardtendencies,thenumbersforthissummerareevenhigher.Thepopularityofparkvacationsisnoaccident.Therush