Unit 3 Sea Exploration单元综合检测（含解析）-人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册

单元综合检测（三）

第一部分阅读

第一节

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

EarthDay,Children'sArtContest

Reduce,Reuse,Recycle

What:Draw,paintorcreateapostershowinghowyoutakecareoftheEarth.

Who:Childrenaged6-12canenterthecontestfreeofcharge.

Rules：

EachentrymustbefinishedonawhitepieceofA4paperbyhand.

Allentriesmustbeoriginal,includingthetheme“Reduce,Reuse,Recycle.”

Aushort”messagemustbewrittenontheposter.Thefewerwords,thebetter.

Sendyourentryalongwithyourname,age,schoolname,e-mailaddressand

phonenumber.

Deadline：

AllentriesmustbesubmittedbyApril16.Winnerswillbeannouncednolater

thanApril22.

Prize：

Topthreewinnerswillbeawardeda$300giftcardeach.

Winners，drawingswillbeshownattheGreenTeamwebsite.

Howtoparticipate：

Scanortakeaphoneofthedrawingandsendittogreenteam@gmai/.com.

Formoreinfbnnation,pleasecallMarshallJacksonat036-XXX9036.

1.Theartcontestisintendedtoadvocate.

A.schoolprojects

B.environmentalprotection

C.teamcooperation

D.advancedtechnology

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2.WhichofthefollowingrulesisNOTtrue?

A.Youcannotcopyworksfromothers.

B.Youmustaddseveralwordstoyourposter.

C.YouarcsupposedtosubmityourentrybyApril22.

D.YoumustfinishyourentryonapieceofA4paper.

3.Inwhatwayshouldthechildren，sentriesbesubmitted?

A.Inperson.

B.Bymakingaphonecall.

C.Byfillingaformonline.

D.Byc-mail.

B

Thearnountofplasticpollutionintheoceansisrapidlyincreasing.Thisis

problematic,asatleast700speciesofseaanimalsmaymistakeitfbratasty

snack.Whileweknowthatsomespeciesseemtoeatplasticbecauseitlookslike

jellyfishorsomeotherfbodsources,lessresearchhasbeencarriedoutintowhat

plasticsmellsliketomarineanimals.

Butnow»astudyfromtheUniversityofNorthCarolinahasfoundthatthe

coatingofalgaethatnarurallybuildsuponoceanplasticscausestherubbishtogive

offthescentoffood.

Theresearcherstook15loggerheadturtles,eacharoundfivemonthsold,and

placedtheminalaboratorytank.Theythenpipedincleanwater,cleanplastic,turtle

food,andplasticthathadbeenimmersedinthemarineenvironmentfbrfiveweeks.

Theturtlesshowednoreactiontothesmellsofcleanwaterorcleanplastic.But

whenlliuywereuxpusudluthesniullsofucuau-soakudplasticorturtleloud,they

exhibitedfood-seekingbehaviorslikereachingtheirnosesoutofthewaterorshowing

increasingactivities.

“Thisfindingisthefirstdemonstrationthatthesmellofoceanplasticscauses

animalstoeatthem,“saidDr.KennethJ.Lohmann,whotookpartinthe

study."It'scommontofindloggerheadturtleswiththeirdigestivesystemsfullyor

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partiallyblockedbecausethey'veeatenplasticmaterials.Therearealsoincreasing

reportsofseaturtlesthathavebecomeillandstrandedonthebeachduetotheir

ingestionofplastic.n

Accordingtotheresearchers,areasoftheoceanwithdenseconcentrationsof

plasticmaytrickturtlesandotheranimalsintothinkingthatthereisanabundantfood

source."Oncetheseplasticsareintheoceans,wedon*thaveagoodwaytoremove

themorpreventthemfromsmellinglikefood,“saidLohmann.

4.Whyisplasticpollutionposingathreattomarineanimals?

A.Theanimalsmaycatupalljellyfish.

B.Marineanimalsmayconsideritasfood.

C.Itmaykillthemwithitssmell.

D.Itmaytrap700speciesofseaanimals.

5.Whatmayattracttheloggerheadturtlesinthelaboratorytanktosearchfbrfbod?

A.Seawater.

B.Cleanwater.

C.Brand-newplastic.

D.Sca-soakcdplastic.

6.WhatcanbeinferredfromLohmann*swordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Turtlesshouldbetrainedtobemoreintelligent.

B.Plasticsshouldbekeptfromgettingintotheocean.

C.Anabundantfoodsourceshouldbeofferedtoseaanimals.

D.Researchersshouldcomeupwithasolutiontothecurrentproblem.

7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitlefbrthetext?

A.WaysFoundluRuinuvePlastics

B.LoggerheadTurtlesFacedwithFoodShortage

C.OceanPlasticsSmellLikeFoodtoTurtles?

D.PlasticPollution—CompromiseorControl?

C

Everbeenhungryenoughtoeatahouse?Now,youactuallycould.

FoodwasteisabigprobleminJapanandglobally.Japanproducedaround5.7

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A.Tohandleglobalclimatechange.

B.Toextendconcrete，sservicelife.

C.ToofferFabulaInc.morecement.

D.Towarnhowseriousfoodwasteis.

10.Whatmadetheexperimentofmakingcementoutoffoodwasteharder?

A.Makingcementtasty.

B.Selectingcorrectfoodwastetimely.

C.Gettingcementbrokenaparteasily.

D.Adjustingthetemperaturesconstantly.

11.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“makeshift"inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Bendable.B.Commercial.

C.Recyclable.D.Temporary.

D

ArchanChanrecallsherfirstexperienceworkinginaChineserestaurantmore

than14yearsago.Employedasanapprentice（学徒）chef,shewasoneofjusttwo

womeninthekitchen—theother'sonlyjobwastobeateggs."Shewasunbelievably

fastatbeatingeggs.IguessforawomantosurviveinatraditionalChinesekitchen

backthen,youhadtobethebestinsomething,“shesays.

Today，ChanleadsthekitchenofHoLeeFook,oneofHongKong'smost

popularrestaurants.Afterspendingmorethanadecadeworkinginfinedining

restaurantsinAustraliaandSingapore，sheisoneofafewfemalechefswhohave

risentothetopofahigh-endChineserestaurant.That*sanimpressiveachievement,

givenhowunbelievablychallengingithasbeenforwomentoshowinhigh-end

Chinesekitchens.

Femalechefshavelongbeenaminorityinprofessionalkitchensaroundthe

world.ButthesituationisevensevererinChinesekitchens.There，snodenyingthe

workisphysicallydemanding-anemptywok（炒菜锅）weighsabout2.2

kilograms.Inthepast,fewchefswouldriskemployingafemaletraineeintothattough

environment.

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Givenallofthesebarriers,notmanywomenwouldevenconsiderthis

male-dominatedindustryasanattractivecareerpath.Thankfully,therearesignsofa

shiftinmindset—thenumberoffemaleChineseheadchefshasbeenrisinginrecent

years.

uEvenifit*sakitchenalmostfullofmen,alleveryonecaresaboutisfood一the

cooking.Theydon*tcareifyou'reamaleorf€male.Gendershouldn，tmatter,“

Chansays.

“Yes,thereisaphysicalbarrierbutIthinkthementalbarriermaybemore

obstructive（阻石导的）totheincreaseofwomeninChinesekitchens,“Chanadds."It

isn,tjustabouthowmuchyouwantitbuthowmuchhardworkyou'rcwillingtoput

intoit.Therearedayswhenyou能ellikeyourarmsarefallingapartandyoucant

movethemanymore，hutthenextday,you，restrongerandmaybeabletoworka

heavierwok.”

12.WhatcanwelearnaboutArchanChan?

A.Shegotarapidpromotion.

B.Shedoesbestinbeatingeggs.

C.SheisthebestfemalechefinChina.

D.Shemadeagreatachievementinhercareer.

13.What'sacauseofveryfewfemalechefsinprofessionalkitchens?

A.Thekitchenisatoughplaceforwomen.

B.Womenareafraidofphysicalwork.

C.Customerscareaboutthegenderofthechef.

D.Womenfacebothmentalandphysicalbarriers.

14.WliiuhufihulullowingcanbustdescribeArchanChan?

A.Strong-willed.B.Open-minded.

C.Cool-headed.D.Kind-hearted.

15.Whatwouldbethebesttitlefbrthetext?

A.FemaleChefsHaveRisentotheTop

B.FemaleChefsHaveLongBeenaMinority

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C.FemaleChefsAreProvingDoubtersWrong

D.FemaleChefsAreReplacingMaleChefsGradually

第二节

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中

有两项为多余选项。

AhighschoolstudenthasasciencetestonMondaybutspendsmostofthe

weekendplayingvideogamesanddoesnotstartstudyinguntillateSundaynight.This

kindofavoidingordelayingofworkthatneedstobedoneiscalledprocrastination（拖

延症）.Ithasbeensaidthatupto95%ofpeopleprocrastinateatleastsometimes,and

about20%ofthemdoittoomuch.16

Thefirstfactorishowpleasantorunpleasantpeoplefindatask.Researchshowsthat

peopleputofftaskstheyfindunpleasant.Someonewholovesbicyclesmightnotdelay

fixingatire,whilesomeonewhodoesnotmayputitoff.

17Forexample，thosewhohavelowexpectationsofsuccessaremore

likelytodelaystartingajob.Ontheotherhand,thosewhobelievetheycanperlbrm

welltakeonchallengingtasksratherthanavoidthem.

18Studyinghardinhighschoolmightnotgivehighschoolstudentsany

immediaterewards；whattheylearnmightnotseemusefultothepresent.Sometimes,

itishardtoseethebenefitofmakinganeffortwhentherewardistoofhraway.19

Lastly,anotherfactoriswhetherornotpeoplecanuseself-control.Thosewho

havelessself-controlcaneasilybedrawnawayfromtheirwork.Interestingly,ageis

saidtobeassociatedwithself-control.20

Ifprocrastinationisaproblemfbryou,thefirststeptoreducingitisidentifying

theruasunsbehindil.Ilisonlybyundurstaiidingtheroutsofyuurprubluinihalyou

canchoosetheappropriatemethodforyourself.

A.Besides,thereisalinkbetweenprocrastinationandhowlongpeoplemustwait

beforetheyseetherewardfbraneffort.

B.Researchshowsthattheolderpeoplebecome,thelesslikelytheyaretodelay

doingtheirworkuntilthelastminute.

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C.Inaddition,theamountofconfidencetheyhaveintheirabilitytodoataskisalso

relatedtoprocrastination.

D.Asitiscommontomostpeople,howtoavoidprocrastinationhasbecomeamajor

concern.

E.What'smore,ithasbeenarguedthattoomuchconfidencecanalsoleadto

procrastination.

F.Althoughresearchersdonotagreeonallthereasonsbehindprocrastination,there

isgeneralagreementaboutsomefactorsthatcanexplainit.

G.Thiscanexplainwhymanypeopledonotstartsavingmoneyfortheiroldage

whentheyarcyoung.

第二部分语言运用

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白

处的最佳选项。

WhyCollegeIsNotHome

Thecollegeyearsaresupposedtobeatimefbrimportantgrowthin

autonomy（自主性）andthedevelopmentofadultidcntity.Howcvcr,nowtheyarc

becomingan21periodofadolescence,duringwhichmanyoftoday*sstudents

arenotshoulderedwithadult22.

Inthepasttwodecades,continuedconnectionwithand23onfamily,

thankstocellphones,e-mailandsocialmedia,haveincreasedsigniflcantly.Some

parentsgosofarastohelpwithcoursework.Insteadofpromotingtheideaofcollege

asapassagefromtheshelterofthefamilytoautonomy,universitieshave24to

theideathattheyshouldprovidetheisaniccnviruninciilasihalofthehunic.

Topreparefbrincreasedautonomyandresponsibility,collegeneedstobeatime

of25andexperimentation.Thisprocessinvolvesutryingon”newwaysof

thinkingaboutoneselfbothintellectuallyandpersonally.Whileweshould26

usafespaces”withincolleges,wemustalsomakeitsafetoexpressopinionsand

challengemajorityviews.27growthandflexibilityarefosteredbystrictdebate

andquestioning.

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Learningtodealwiththe28worldisequallyimportant.Becauseacollege

community（群体）differsfromthefamily,manystudentswillstruggletofindasense

of29Ifstudentsrelyonadministratorsto30theirsocialbehaviorand

thinkingpattern，theyarcnotfacingthechallengeoffindinganidentitywithina

largerand31community.

Moreover,thetendencyforuniversitiestomonitorand32studentbehavior

runsupagainstanothercharacteristicofyoungadults:theresponsetobeing

controlledbytheirelders.Ifacceptablesocialbehavioristoostrictlydefined（规定），

theinsensitiveoraggressivebehaviorthatadministratorsareseekingtominimizemay

actuallybe33Itisnotsurprisingthatyoungpeoplearclikelytoburstout,

particularlywhentherearereasonstodoso.

Ourgenerationoncejoinedhandsandstoodfirmattimesofnational

emergency.Whatislackingtodayisthe34betweenadolescents'desirefor

autonomyandtheirunderstandingofanunsafeworld.Therefbre,thereisthedesirefbr

theirdonnstobereplacementhomesandnotplacestoexperiencegrowth.Butevery

collegediscussionaboutcommunityvalues,socialclimateandbehaviorshould

include35ofthedevelopmentalimportanceofstudentautonomyand

selfregulation.

21.A.expandedB.educational

C.expectedD.extended

22.A.responsibilitiesB.abilities

C.knowledgeD.experience

23.A.concentrationB.dependence

C.influenceD.decision

24.A.givenupB.givenaway

C.giveninD.givenout

25.A.instructionB.exploration

C.reflectionD.preparation

26.A.emphasizeB.provide

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C.surroundD.evaluate

27.A.IntellectualB.Spiritual

C.LogicalD.Psychological

28.A.adultB.virtual

C.realD.social

29.A.satisfactionB.duty

C.belongingD.curiosity

30.A.understandB.train

C.protectD.regulate

31.A.localB.complex

C.comfortableD.effective

32.A.changeR.criticize

C.shapeD.motivate

33.A.encouragedB.challenged

C.agreedD.realized

34.A.differenceB.tension

C.balanceD.conflict

35.A.observationB.recognition

C.determinationD.judgment

第二节

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

LoversGriefovertheYellowRiverisafamouswarfilmthatdescribesthe

heroicstrugglesofChinesesoldiersduringtheSecondSino-JapancscWar.Setinthe

backgroundoftheYellowRiver,thefilmlulls36.powerfulstoryoflove»

courageanddetermination.

DirectedbyFengXiaoning,thefilmrepresentstheemotionaljourneyofayoung

couple37.(separate)bythewar,and38.(vivid)showstheir

strongloveandwillpowertoreunite,despitethechaosanddevastationaroundthem.

39.artisticcinematography(电影摄影术)andstorytelling,Lovers

GriefovertheYellowRiverbringsthecrueltyofwartoIife.ltdemonstratesthe

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40.(brave)ofChinesesoldiersastheyfought41.(defend)their

homeland,andthedeepimpactthewarhadonordinarypeople.

LoversGriefovertheYellowRiverisnotonlyawarfilm,butalsoproofof

the42.(courage)spiritoftheChinesepcople.ltservesasareminderofthe

sacrifices(牺牲)madebythose43.foughtfortheircountry*sfreedomand

thestrengthoflovethat44.(stand)theharshestcircumstances.

Thisfilm45.(touch)theheartsofaudiencesworldwideeversinceit

firstappearedonthescreenandthisinfluencewillsurelycontinueonandon.

第三部分写作

0_-H-

弟P

假如你是李华，你的英国笔友杰克(Jack)来信向你求助，说进入高中后为为

考试压力大，晚上常常难以入眠或半夜易醒，睡眠问题对他的健康和学习产生了

不良影响。请你用英语给他回一封信，内容包括：

1.表示理解和安慰；

2.提出至少2条建议。

注意：1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.请按如下格式作答。

DearJack,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

第二节

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阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整

的短文。

OurchurchcharityinTorontohasawayofassistingthosewhohavefinancial

difficultieswithoutmakingthereceiverfeelashamedorguilty.Theyoftendropped

moneyintoanofferingboxwithonlythenameofthereceiverontheenvelope.The

envelopesarethendistributedtothosememberswiihoutthemknowingthenameof

thegiver.

TherecameatimewhenmyhusbandandIwereamongthoseinneed.Wedidnot

talkaboutourfinancialdifficultywithanyone.Theonlyreasonourchildrenknewwas

thatwchadtocutbackonmanythings.Still,wchopedtheywerenotawareofthe

extentofourneed,norofhowmuchtheirfatherandIweresufferingbecauseofit.We

didnotwanttoburdenthemwithaprohlerntheycoulddonothingtosolve.

Unfortunately,oursituationwasn'timproving,andmyhusbandandIknewthat

wewouldhavetolookloroutsidehelp.Justasvvereachedthepointofdesperation,

ourchurchgaveusagiftenvelopethathadbeenleftintheofferingbox.Wewere

oveijoyedtoreceiveaverylargeamountofmoney，enoughtobringusthroughthat

desperatetimc.Wccouldn，thelpbutwonderwhohadgivensuchagenerousgift.Wc

wereextremelyrelievedandgrateful.

Ayearlater,ourseventeen-year-oldsonwasapplyingforastudentloansohe

couldattenduniversity.ltwasthenthatwediscoveredhissavingsaccountwasalmost

empty.HisfatherandIwereverydisturbedbythis.Wehadtrustedhimtoputpartof

hiswagesfromhispart-timejobintothebanktowardshiseducation.Actually,from

thetimehewasnineyearsoldhehadbeenapapercarrierfbrTheTorontoStar,and

liehadworkedveryhardIbrhissmallearningsluachievehisuniversitydream.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右：

2.请按如下格式作答。

Iaskedhimrepeatedlywherethemoneyhadgone.

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Severalbusydayslater,thereappearedanenvelopeinthebox.

单元综合检测（三）

123456789101112

BCDBDBCCADDD

131415161718192021222324

DACFCAGBDABC

2526272829303132333435

BBADCDBCADB

36.a37.separated38.vividly39.With40.bravery41.todefend

42.courageous43.who44.stands

45.hasbeentouching

第三部分写作

第一节

［参考范文］

Dea】Jack,

rmsorrytohearthatyouarehavingtroublegettingagoodnight'ssleepdueto

stressfromexams.Don，tworry,asyouarenotalone.Trythefollowingtipstoseeif

theyhelp.

Firstly,you,dbettermakesomechangesinyourlifestylerangingfromschedules

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todiets.Gotobedandwakearoundthesametimeeachdayandavoiddrinksthatmay

keepyoufromsleeping,suchascoffeeandtea.Additionally,clearyourheadofstress

andworryfromyourdaybeforebedtime.Remember,examsarcjustawaytofindthe

weaknessesinyourlearningprocess.Henceyoudon'thavetoworrytoomuchabout

theresults.Hopemysuggestionswillbeofusetoyou.

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

第二节

［参考范文］

Iaskedhimrepeatedlywherethemoneyhadgone.Atfirsthewouldnottellme,

whichmademeevenangrier.Iwouldnotletthematteralone.Ikepthoundinghim,

determinedtofindoutwherethemoneyhadgone!also

askedhisotherbrothersaboutthemoney,butnooneknew.Afterwards,Iplanned

toconsultthebankabouttheaccountofmyson.However,Iwasbusywithmy

working,soIdidn*tgotothebankallthetime.

Severalbusydayslatvs,thereappearedanenvelopeicthebox.hitheletter,my

sonadmittedthattheyearbeforehehadputhissavingsintheofferingboxforhis

fatherandme.Afterreadingtheletter,Istoodtherespeechless,tearsfillingmyeyes.It

hadtakenmysonyearstosavethatmoney.Hehadgivenittouswillingly-without

tellinguswhathehaddone.

第一部分阅读

第一节

【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了地球日儿童艺术比赛的相关事宜。

1.B［细节理解题。根据“What:Draw,paintorcreateapostershowinghowyou

takecareoftheEarth.”可知，比赛的宗旨是倡议保护地球，保护环境。故选B。］

2.C［细节理解题。根据"AllentriesmustbesubmittedbyApril16.Winnerswill

beannouncednolaterthanApril22.可知，参赛作品应该在4月16日前提交，

而非4月22日前提交。故选Co］

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3.D［细节理解题。根据"Scanortakeaphoneofthedrawingandsenditto

greenteam@."可知，儿童作品应通过电子邮件提交。故选D。］

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。海洋塑料垃圾因气味被海洋生物误以为是食

物而食用，这极大地危害了海洋生物的生存。但是，目前人类没有好的办法可以

解决海洋生物误食塑料的问题，这就需要我们尽可能地阻止塑料垃圾进入海洋。

4.B1细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thisisproblematic,asatleast700species

ofseaanimalsmaymistakeitforatastysnack.”可知，塑料污染给海洋动物带来的

最大威胁在于很多海洋生物会把塑料垃圾看作食物，故B项正确。］

5.D［细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Butwhentheywereexposedtothesmellsof

occan-soakcdplasticorturtlefood,theyexhibitedfbod-scckingbehaviorslike

reachingtheirnosesoutofthewaterorshowingincreasingactivities.”可次口，实验显

示最吸引海龟觅食的是浸泡过海水的塑料或龟粮，故D项正确0］

6.B［推理判断题。根据最后一段中Lohmann所说的话“Oncetheseplasticsare

intheoceans,wedon'thaveagoodwaytoremovethemorpreventthemfrom

smellinglikefood"可知，一旦塑料垃圾进入海洋，就没有办法祛除它们或阻止

它们闻起来像食物。据此可以推断，塑料垃圾应被阻止进入海洋，故B项正确。］

7.C［标题归纳题。结合文章大意可知，本文介绍了海洋塑料垃圾因散发出来

的气味让海洋生物误以为是食物而食用，从而对海洋生物的生存造成极大的伤害

的现状，故C项最适合作本文的标题。］

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用粮食垃圾制造的一种新型的可

以食用的水泥。

8.C［段落大意题。根据第二段中的“Thisisthefirst・everprocesscreatedfor

makingcemententirelyfromfoodwastc.Thcresearcherssaytheirproductisfour

limesasstrongastraditionaluonurclc.Thisp<irliuularucnicnlcanbeusedlumake

thingsliketeacupsorchairsaswell.However,there'soneadditionalfeature-it's

alsoeatable."可知，这两段主要讨论了新制水泥的特点。故选C。］

9.A［细节理解题。根据第三段中的“KotaandYuyaaretheintelligencebehindthe

formationofFabulaInc.,acompanywithpurposesofreducingfoodwaste,and

helpingfightglobalwarning.”可知，Kota和Yuya利用食物垃圾是为了应对全球

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气候变化。故选A。］

10.D［细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Themostchallengingpartwasthateach

typeoffoodwasterequiresdifferenttemperatures”可知，需要不断调节温度让用食

物垃圾制造水泥的实验变得更加困难。故选D。］

11.D［词义猜测题。画线词前文“Theirproductcouldprovidereliefintheformof

eatableemergencysheltersindisasterzones.”说明他们的产品可以用作临时紧急避

难所，从而推知画线词意思为“临时的，暂时的”，即：如果赈灾食品不能及时

到位，被困人员可以吃食品水泥做成的临时床救急。故选D。］

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。在女性当厨师要面临着身体上和精神上的两

重障碍时，ArchanChan用自身经历证明了女性乜可以当厨师。

12.D［推理判断题。根据第二段中的"Today,ChanleadsthekitchenofHoLee

Fook,oneofHongKong*smostpopularrestaurants.Afterspendingmorethana

decadeworkinginfinediningrestaurantsinAustraliaandSingapore,sheisoneofa

fewfemalechefswhohaverisentothetopofahigh-endChineserestaurant.n可知，

Chan在她的事业生涯上取得了傲人成就。故选D。］

13.D［推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“'Yes,thereisaphysicalbarrierbutIthink

thementalbarriermaybemoreobstructivetotheincreaseofwomeninChinese

kitchens,*Chanadds."可知，女性要当厨师，面临着身体上和精神上的两重障

碍。故选D。］

14.A［推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Itisn51justabouthowmuchyouwantit

buthowmuchhardworkyou'rewillingtoputintoi(.Therearedayswhenyoufeel

likeyourannsarefallingapartandyoucan*tmovethemanymore,butthenextday,

you'rcstrongerandmaybeabletoworkaheavierwok.”可知，Chan累得手臂要散

架了，动不了了，但是仍然在坚持。由此可推知，她意志坚定。故选A。］

15.C［标题归纳题。根据最后一段中的“*Yes,thereisaphysicalbarrierbutIthink

thementalbarriermaybemoreobstructivetotheincreaseofwomeninChinese

kitchens,TChanadds."以及第二段中的“Today,ChanleadsthekitchenofHoLee

Fook,oneofHongKong'smostpopularrestaurants.Afierspendingmorethana

decadeworkinginfinediningrestaurantsinAustraliaandSingapore,sheisoneofa

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fewfemalecheftwhohaverisentothetopofahigh-endChineserestaurant.n可知，

虽然女性当厨师面临着重重障碍■和怀疑，但是Chan本身就是一个很好的例子，

证明女性也可以当厨师。故选C。］

第二节

【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章从四个方面分析了有拖延症的原因。一

是愉快或不愉快的人们对这项任务的感觉怎样。二是人们的自信程度也与拖延症

有关。三是拖延症和人们必须等待多久才能看到努力的回报是有联系的。四是人

们自己是否有自控能力。

16.F［承上启下句。下文提到“第一个因素是愉快或不愉快的人们对这项任务

的感觉怎样。研究表明，人们会推迟他们觉得不愉快的任务。”所以此处应该提

到拖延的原因o选项FuAlthoughresearchersdonotagreeonallthereasonsbehind

procrastination,therekgeneralagreementaboutsomefactorsthatcanexplainit.（尽

管研究人员对拖延症的所有原因并没有达成一致意见，但在一些能够解释拖延症

的因素上却达成了普遍共识。）”切题。故选F。］

17.C［主旨句。第一段叙述的是第一个拖延的原因，第二段叙述的是第二个拖

延的原因。下文提到“那些对成功期望较低的人更有可能推迟开始工作。另一方

面，那些相信自己能出色完成任务的人会接受具有挑战性的任务，而不是逃避它

们。”这里叙述了两种情况，选项C"Inaddition,theamountofconfidencetheyhave

intheirabilitytodoataskisalsorelatedtoprocrastination.（此夕卜，他们对自己完成任

务的能力的自信程度也与拖延症有关。）“切题。故选C。］

18.A［主旨句。下文“Studyinghardinhighschoolmightnotgivehighschool

studentsanyimmediaterewards”提到关键词rewards;选项AuBesides,thereisa

linkbetweenprocrastinationandhowlongpeoplemustwaitbeforetheyseethe

rewardfuraneffort.n也提到了关键词reward。故选A。］

19.G［承上句。上文提到“当回报太遥远时，很难看到努力的好处J因此引

出选项G“Thiscanexplainwhymanypeopledonotstartsavingmoneyfortheirold

agewhentheyareyoung.（这可以解释为什么很多人年轻时不开始存钱养老。）”且

前后句是因果关系。故选G。］

20.B「承上句。上文提到“有趣的是，据说年龄与自我控制有关后面叙述

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年龄与自控的关系。选项B"Researchshowsthattheolderpeoplebecome,theless

likelytheyaretodelaydoingtheirworkuntilthelastminute.（研究表明，年纪越大的

人越不可能把工作拖到最后时刻。）”承接上文。前后句是解释说明的关系，故

选B。］

第二部分语言运用

第一节

【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章谈论了大学时期应该是学生的