中考阅读体裁篇之说明文-年中考英语阅读理解专项突破

专题五：中考阅读体裁篇

备战2022年中考英语阅读理解专项突破

考向2说明文

Passage1（2021•内蒙古兴安盟•中考真题）

①Chemistryiseverywhereinourdailylife.Sometimesit'seasytosee.Atothertimes,itcanbeveryhardto

seetheeverydaychemistryalwork,butnearlyeverythingyoutouchhassomechemicals（化学物质）init.

②Chemistryhelpstomakeproductsforuse.Somethingassimpleastoothpastehasatleastthreechemicals

thatkeepyourteethclean.Otherthingsinyourdailylifearccreatedbychemistry,suchashairproductsandsoap.

Withoutchemistry,wewouldneverhaveknownthatweneedsoaptogettheoiloutofclothes.

③Chemistryalsohelpsusunderstandtheworldaroundus.Thankstochemistry,weknowbleach（漂白剂）

can'tbemixedwithvinegar（醋）,becausethemixturecanproduceharmfulgas.

④Chemistryplaysabigroleinfoodpreparation.Cookingfoodcausesittogothroughachemicalchange.

Thatiswhycookedfoodoftentastesdifferentfromuncookedfood.Toomuchortoolittleofanychemicalmaterial

makesadifferencetotheresultofbaking（烘焙）.Forexample,thecakecanbetoosoftortoohard.

⑤Chemistryisn'tsomethingthatjustlivesinalaboratory;it'ssomethingthatyoumeethundredsoftimesin

life.Knowinghowchemistryworkswillgiveyouagreaterunderstandingofthelife.

1.Whatcan（hechemicalsintoothpastehelpus?

A.lbkeeptheteethclean.B.Tomaketheteethstrong.

C.Tocleantheoiloffclothes.D.Tomaketheclothesnew.

2.Fromthethirdparagraph,weknowthat.

A.wecanmixbleachwithvinegarB.themixturecanproduceusefulgas

C.wecan'tmixbleachwithvinegarD.chemistrycan'thelpusmakeproducts

3.Thefourthparagraphmainlytellsusthat.

A.cookedfoodisn'tasgoodasuncookedfoodB.chemistryplaysabigroleinfoodpreparation

C.（herearenochemicalchanges认hilewearecookingD.thecakecan'tbetoosoftortoohardwithchemistry

4.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure(结构)ofthepassage?(①=Paragraph1)

，②

②③

②

A.①③⑤B.，①―c.①VD.

④

③

④X3)@@

、⑤④)

5.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Chemistryandfood.B.Chemistryaroundtheworld.

C.Chemistryandproducts.D.Chemistryineverydaylife.

【答案】

1.A2.C3.B4.A5.D

【分析】

这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述化学物质无处不在；讲述化学物质的用途；知道化学的原理能够更好地理

解生活。

1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Somethingassimpleastoothpastehasatleastthreechemicalsthatkeepyourteeth

clean”可知，可以保持牙齿清洁。故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据第三段“Thankstochemistry,weknowbleach（漂白剂）can,tbemixedwithvinegar（醋），

becausethemixturecanproduceharmfulgas”可知漂白剂和醋不能混合,因为会产生有害的气体c故选Co

3.段落大意题。根据第四段第一句"Chemistryplaysabigroleinfoodpr叩aration”可知这一段主要讲述化学物

质在食物准备上的重要作用。故选

4.文章结构题。文章的第一段主要讲述化学物质无处不在。第二段到第四段讲述化学物质的用途，第五段

总结化学物质是生活中常见的东西，知道化学的原理能够更好地理解生活。故选A。

5.主旨大意题。文章主要讲述化学物质在日常生活中的用途和作用。可概括为Chemistryineverydaylife。

故选D。

Passage2(2021•广东广州•中考真题)

unfortable.MorcdonehomeworkonhisdeskalwaysmakesDavidGreyfeelunfortable.Moreoftenthannot,

DavidleaveshishomeworkbehindandsurfstheInternetorwatchesTVinstead,waitinguntilthelastminute.44But

thelonger1wait,“saysDavid,aged15,“themoreIworry.''

now.Thetask.Youcleaning.SonieStone.Researcheywanttofeelgoodnow.Thewaytodothatistoavoidthe

task.Youcanprocrastinateonnearlyanything,evenenjoyabletaskssuchasplanningavacation."Somepeople

procrastinateclcaning.Somcpeopleprocrastinatebycleaning,nsaysProfessorPeterStone.Researchhasshownthat

thetoptasksyoungpeopleprocrastinatearestudyingandgoingtobed."Onebigcausefbrprocrastinationisthat

peopleareafraidoffailure,ofnotmeetingothers'expectations/'Stoneadds.

Somepeoplebelievethatprocrastinationwillmakethemthrive.Butresearchersdisagree.44!didastudyseveral

yearsago,askingprocrastinatorstofinishataskinacertainperiodoftime,“saysStone.4<Theydidworsethan

nonprocrastinators:theymademoremistakesandtheytooklonger.Bultheythoughttheydidbeiler."Nomatter

whatthecauseis,procrastinationisusuallynotgoingtobegoodforyou.Forexample,bedtimeprocrastinationcan

leadtosleeplessness,whichinturncancausemanyotherhealthproblems.

Forthosewhoneedsomedrivestostopprocrastinating,thebestadvicemightbetotakeactionfirst.Ifyou've

beenprocrastinatingonformingahabitofexercise,justputonyourwalkingshocs.Alittlebitofprogresswillget

youmoving.

Next,findsomethingtohelpyouremembertotakeaction.Ifyouwanttogotobedat10:30pm,youmightset

atimeddimmerswitch（渐暗开关）at10pm.Whenthelightsaredimmer,you'llstartgoingtobed.Itv/orksfbr

mostpeople.

Finally,rewardyourselfeverylimeyoumakeprogress.Forexample,afteryou'verun3km,enjoyyour

favouriteicecream.Butbecareful:itwon'tworktheotherwayaround.

6.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?

A.AdayofaprocrastinatorB.Procrastination:yesorno?

C.SaygoodbyetoprocrastinationD.Want（oieelgoodnow?Procrastinate!

7.Whatisthemainreasonfbrpeople'sprocrastination?

A.Theywanttoavoiddoinghardwork.B.Theyfeartoloseandletothersdown.

C.Theyneedtofinishthetoptasksfirst.D.Theyplantodetheenjoyabletaskslast.

8.Theunderlinedword“thrive“inparagraph3mostprobablymeans.

A.thinkfasterB.workmoresuccessfullyC.giveupmoreeasilyD.worrytoomuch

9.WhatshouldDaviddoifhewantstostopprocrastinatingonawntingtask?

A.Pulonsomesoftmusictohelpthinkactively.

B.Enjoyafavouriteicecream,andthenstartwriting.

caveintheWhiteMountainsintooffices.Thecavesis3（）metersunderground,soit'sverysafeandcool.

Container（集装箱）offices

ApanymoveditsofficetoanemptycontainerinLosAngeles,US.Peopleworkinshippingcontainers.Here,

peopleuseskylights（天窗）whentheyareworking.Thissavesalotofmoneyandenergy.

10.Whereistheloneliestoffice?

A.InChina.B.InSpain.C.InSweden.D.InAmerica.

11.Whyisthecaveofficesafeandcool?

A.Becauseit'sinaforest.

B.Becauseit'sanInternetpany.

C.Becauseit's30metersunderground.

D.Becausepeopleuseskylightswhentheyareworking.

12.Whichofficecansavelotsofmoneyandenergy?

A.Theloneliestoffice.B.Thetubeoffice.C.Thecaveoffice.D.Thecontaineroffice.

【答案】

10.AII.C12.D

【分析】

文章介绍了一些世界各地有趣的办公室.

10.细节理解题。t^^<4Whereistheloneliestofficeintheworld?Itisnearaglacier（冰川）intheTanggula

MountainsinTibet."可知，世界上最孤独的办公室在靠近西藏唐占拉山脉的一座冰川。即在中国，故选A。

11.细节理解题。根据“Thecavesis30metersunderground,soit'sverysafeandcool.”可知，因为这些洞穴在

地下30米，所以非常安全和凉爽。故选C。

12.细节理解题。根据“Container（集装箱）offices”中的信息“Thissavesalotofmoneyandenergy.”可知，

Container（集装箱）offices办公室能节约金钱和能量，故选D。

Passage4（2021,江苏无锡•中考真题）

ManyofusstayedalhomeinJanuarybecauseotCOV1DI9,butaspecialmomandhertwobabiestookatrip.

TheyweredrivenafewmilesfroinabreedingcenterinnortheasternArgentinatoa1.7millionacrenaturereserve

calledGranIberaPark.Therethethreejaguarswerereleasedintothewild.

TheirreleasewasthefirstreintroductionofjaguarsinthatpartofArgentinasincethespecies（物种）almost

diedoutthere70yearsago.Scientis:shopetheycanturnthingsaroundforthisimportantapexpredator,meaning

onethatisonlopofthefoodchain（链）.Only200to3（X）jaguarsremaininthecountry.

“ThatisthehighestlevelofprotectionthatcanbegiveninArgentina,MsaysSebastianDiMartino.He'sthe

conservationdirectorforRewildingArgentina,whichisoneoftheorganizationshelpingtorestorejaguar

populations.

Thejaguarsjourneystartedin2018whentheparkwasbuiltinIheIberaWetlands.Severalthousandjaguars

oncelivedthere,alongwithotherimportantspecies.Butthejaguars?furwasvaluable,sopeoplehuntedthem.

Thenfarmersclearedthelandtheylivedon.Withthejaguarsgone,theecosystemwasoutofbalance.

“Intheabsenceofthisspecies,ecosystemsstopworkingwellandmayevencollapseJDiMartinosays."The

mainprey（猎物）ofthejaguaristhecapybaraandthecaiman.Theyareveryabundambecauseoftheabsenceof

thejaguar,whichcausesimbalancesintheecosystem.”

Theparkwasthefirststeptogivejaguarsaplacetolive.Thentheyneededtobreed.AfemalenamedMariua

matedwithamalejaguarfromBrazil.MariuathengavebirthtotheIwobabyjaguars.

1（soundssimple,buttherealityismoreplicated.DiMartinosaidthatjaguarsbornatbreedingcentershave（o

learnhowtohuntandmustnotbeeusedtohumans.Otherwise,（heywillnothavesuccessinthewild.

Thepeoplewhoworkatthebreedingcenterstayoutofsight.Theyusevideocamerastowatchthejaguars

fromseveralmilesaway."Weprovidelivepreyfbrthem,withoutthemrealizingitcsfrompeople/'DiMartino

said.

Mariuawearsaradiocollarsoresearcherscantrackherandherbabies,KaraiandPord.uSofar,sogood.

She'sbeenhuntingcapybarasandwildpigsandisraisingherbabiesverywell/'DiMartinosays.

13.Whatcanwelearnaboutthejaguar?

A.ItisfoundonlyinArgentina.B.Itistaughttohuntbyhumans.

C.Ilisnothuntedbyanyotheranimal.D.Itisnotconsideredasararespecies.

14.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeDiMartino'sjob?

A.Exciting.B.Meaningful.C.Surprising.D.Successful.

15.Whatdocstheunderlinedword"abundantmeaninthispassage?

A.Morethanenough.B.Lessthanenough.

C.Gettingmorepowerful.D.Gettinglesspowerful.

16.ThewritermentionedMariua.

A.togiveanexampleofjaguars'lifeB.toshow(heimportanceoffemalejaguars

C.tointroduceawayoftrainingjaguarsD.toexplain(hemethodofrewiklingjaguars

【答案】

13.A14.D15.A16.B

【分析】

文堂主要介绍了阿根廷美洲虎的状况。

13.细节理解题。根据"TheirreleasewasthefirstreintroductionofjaguarsinthatpartofArgentinasincethe

species（物种）almostdiedoutthere70yearsago.”可知.自从70年前美洲虎在阿根廷几乎灭绝以来，美洲虎

被放归野外是该地区首次重新引入美洲虎。故选A。

14.推理判断题。根据“"Sofar,sogood.She'sbeenhuntingcapybarasandwildpigsandisraisingherbabiesvery

well,"DiMartinosays.”可知，迪马蒂诺说：“她一直在捕猎水豚和野猪，把孩子养得很好。由此可知迪马

蒂诺的工作是成功的，故选D。

15.词义猜测题。根据"Themainprey（猎物）ofthejaguaristhecapybaraandthecaiman.Theyarcveryabundant

becauseoftheabsenceofthejaguar,whichcausesimbalancesintheecosystem.”可知,关洲虎的主要猎物是水豚

和凯门鳄。它们非常丰富，因为没有美洲虎，这导致了生态系统的不平衡。所以单词“abundan「指的是"充

足的，足够多的“，故选A。

16.推理判断题。根据“Thentheyneededtobreed.AfemalenamedMariuamatedwithamalejaguarfromBrazil.

Mariuathengavebirthtothetwobabyjaguars.’'可知，文中作者提到Mariua是为了说明雌性美洲虎的重要性，

故选B。

Passage5（2021•浙江嘉兴•中考真题）

Youmaystudydifferentlyfromyourfriends,butyourstudyhabitsarenotwrong!

KellyandMariaarebestfriendswithalotinmon.Theylovedoingthingstogether,suchasgoingtomovies

andconcerts,shopping,orjustsittingatasmallcafe.Sincetheytakealotofthesameschoolsubjects,theywould

lovetostudytogether,buttheyfindthisimpossible.Theirworkingstylesaresopletelydifferentthattheycan'tbe

inthesameroomwhiletheyarestudying!

Kellywouldliketostudyinaclean,openspace,whileMariaworksbestwithhooks,papersandotherthings

aroundher.Kellypreferstostudyinatotallysilentroom,butMarialovestoplaymusicorevenhavetheTVon.

Kellycansitforhourswithoutmoving,andoftengetsallherhomeworkdoneinonesitting.Maria,however,is

alwaysgettingup,andsaysthatshethinksbestwhenshe'sonthemove.

Youmightbeaskingyourself:whichwayofstudyinggetsbetterresults?Manypeoplebelievethatasilent,

tidysetting（环境）isthewaytogo,.Someresearchhasevenshown（hatoutsidenoiseanduntidinesshelp

somepeoplefocus（聚焦）theirattention,becauseitmakesthemforma“wall”intheirmindaroundwhattheyarc

doingandimproves（heirfocus.

So,ifyou'reastudentwhochoosestostudywhilesittingatatableinabusyshoppingcenter,don'tworry

aboutit.Ifyouworkintotalsilence,that'sOK;too.JudgingfromKelly'sandMaria'sstudyhabits,thebestwayto

studyisthewaythatworksforyou.Intheirverydifferentways,bothofthemdowellinschool,andbothfinish

theirworkwithintherequiredtimeaswell.

17.KellyandMariaarementionedasanexamplein（hispassageto.

A.discusstwodifferenistudyhabitsB.parethedifferencesintheirhobbies

C.showtheimportanceofagoodstudyhabitD.expressthewriter^worryabouttheirfriendship

18.WhichofthefollowingisthebesttofillintheblankinParagraph4?

A.andtheyhavedifficultyinstudyB.anditcanbetrueformostofthem

C.butthatdoesn'tseemnecessarilytrueD.butnobodydoesresearchonthisquestion

19.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraphofthispassage?

A.Studentswholiketostudyinsilencewillbemoresuccessful

B.Bothstudyhabitscanhelpstudentsmakeprogressintheirstudies.

C.Onlyasmallnumberofstudentscanstudywellinanoisysituation.

D.Friendswithdifferentstudyhabitscandobetterbystudyingtogether.

20.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Areyoustudyingthe“right"way?B.Howcanyouimproveyourstudyhabits?

C.Isitpossibleforfriendstostudywelltogether?D.Whataretheadvantagesofdifferentstudysettings?

【答案】

17.A18.C19.B20.A

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。每个人的学习方式各不相同，通过实例证明，研究适合你的方式就是最好的学习方式。

17.细节理解题。通读全文可知，凯莉和玛丽亚有各自不同的学习方式，但他们都在学校表现优异，而且

都在规定的时间内完成了学业，所以作为这篇文章中的例子，是为了讨论两种不同的学习习惯。故选A。

18.推理判断题。根据前句“Manypeoplebelievethatasilent,tidysetting（环境）isthewaytogo,"后句"Some

researchhasevenshownthatoutsidenoiseanduntidinesshelpsomepeoplefocus（聚焦）theirattention,becausei（

makesthemforma"wall"intheirir.indaroundwhattheyarcdoingandimprovestheirfbcus.”的语境可推测出,

空处应是表示转折，说安静整洁的环境不一定是学习的好方法。故选C。

19.推理判断题。根据文中“JudgingfromKelly'sandMaria'sstudyhabits,thebestwaytostudyisthewaythat

worksforyou.Intheirverydiffereniways,bothofthemdowellinschool,andbothfinishtheirworkwithin（he

requiredtimeaswell.”可推理出，这两种学习习惯都可以帮助学生在学习上取得进步。故选B。

20.最佳标题。每个人的学习方式各不相同，通过实例证明，研究适合你的方式就是最好的学习方式。故

文章的最佳标题应是“你在研究‘正确'的方法吗故选Ao

Passage6（2021•贵州毕节•中考真题）

TianwenIisChina'sfirstMarsprobe（火星探测器）.Wheredoesthenameefrom?DoyoustillrememberQu

Yuan,afamouspoetinancientChina?Helovedhismotherlandverymuch.Hislongpoem“HeavenlyQuestions

（天问）“expressesthecontinualhardworkandthegreatspiritoftheChinesenationtoscience.Thatiswhy

TianwenIwasofficiallynamed,whichisquiteculturalandbeautiful.

OnJuly14.2020.TianwenIarrivedattheWenchangSpaceLaunchSite（发射站）inHainanProvince.The

spaceprobeTianwenIbasedoff（发射升空）at12:41p.m.onJuly23,2020,carryingaLongMarch5carrierrocket

（长征5号运载火箭）.IttookTianwenIaboutsevenmonthstotraveltoMars.

TheChina'sMarsrover（火星主），Zhurongmovedfromislandingplatform（平台）ontothesurfaceof（heRed

Planetat10:40a.m.onMay15th,2021,startingisexploration（探险旅程）aroundthelandingsite.

The240kilogramrobotwassentintotheskytosurveyMars'landforms,geographysituation,andsomething

aboutwater,ice,environmentandotherphysicalfields.

BeforeTianwenI,nocountiyhadevertriedtosendanorbiter（运行器），alanderandaroverinonesingle

expedition（考察）toMars.

21.WhichcountiyisTianwenIMarsprobefrom?

A.China.B.America.C.Canada.D.Japan.

22.WhywasthefirstMarsprobeheregiventhename,TianwenI?

A.BecauseofabookwrittenbyLiBai.B.BecauseofapcemwrittenbyQuYuan.

C.Becauseofafamousscientist.D.Becauseofawcllknownengineer.

23.WhenwasTianwenIsentintothespace?

A.OnJune23,2020.B.OnJune24,2020

C.OnJuly23,2020.D.OnJuly24,2020.

24.HowlongdidittakeTianwenItotraveltoMars?

A.About3months.B.About5months.

C.About7monthsD.About9months.

25.WhatdoestheMarsrover,ZhurongsurveyonMars?

A.Landformsandgeographysituation.B.Somethingaboutwater,iceandenvironment.

C.Otherphysicalfields.D.Alloftheabove.

【答案】

21.A22.B23.C24.C25.D

【分析】

本文是•篇说明文，主要讲述的是中国“天问一号”火星探测器的相关内容，介绍中国在空间技术发展上外空

探索所取得的成就。

21.细节理解题。根据“TianwenIisChina'sfirstMarsprobe（火星探测器）可知，天问一号是中国首个火

星探测器，故选A。

22.细节理解题。根据“Wheredoesthenameefrom?DoyoustillrememberQuYuan,afamouspoetinancient

China?Helovedhismotherlandverymuch.Hislongpoem“HeavenlyQuestions（天问）“expressesthecontinual

hardworkandthegreatspiritoftheChinesenationtoscience.”可知，“天问”这个名字来自屈原的长诗《天问》，

故选B。

23.细节理解题。根据“ThespaceprobeTianwcnIbasedoff（发射升空）at12:41p.m.onJuly23,2020,carrying

aLongMarch5carrierrocket（长征5号运载火箭）.”可知，2020年7月23日12时41分，航天探测器“天问

一号”搭载长征五号运载火箭升空，故选C。

24.细节理解题。根据"IttookTianwenIaboutsevenmonthstotraveltoMars."可知,天间一号花了7个月的

时间到达火星。故选C。

25.细节理解题。根据“The240kilogramrobotwassentintotheskytosurveyMars'landfbnns,geog「叩hy

situation,andsomethingaboutwater,ice,environmentandotherphysicalfields.“可知，它被用来调查火星的地

形、地理状况，以及水、冰、环境和其他物理领域。故选D。

Passage7（2021•黑龙江牡丹江•中考真题）

Vicuna,asmalltowninthenorthofChile,isagreatplaceforwatchingstarsallyearround.Althoughitisnear

（hesea,thecold,wetairfromthecoastdoesnotbringclouds.Instead,drywindsfromthedesertkeeptheclouds

awayatnight.Infact,theskyissoclearinVicunathatitispossibletoseemanystarsthatcanbeseenonlywith

advanced（先进的）instrumentsinotherpartsoftheworld.

InVicuna,distant（遥远的）starsystemssuchasMagellanicCloudscanbeseenwithoutthehelpofan

instrument.Thaliswhythetownwaschosenasthehomeofanumberofskyobservatories（天文台）.Oneofthem,

（heMamailuca,isquitedifferentfromthetypicalobservatoriesusedbyscientists.Thisobsen-atorywasbuiltfor

touristswholiketolookatthestars.Duringtheyear,Vicuna'shotelsacmodatethousandsoftouristswhoefromall

overtheworld（oseethenightskyastheyhaveonlyseenitinbooks.Thecloudlessskyisclearlyamoneymaker

forthetown,whichplanstosetupevenmoreobservatories.Itwasrecentlydecidedthatbuildingobservatories

wouldgoonforanotherfewyears.

Atonepoint,however,thetownfacedaseriousproblem.Asthetowngrew,morestreetlightswereadded,

makingitmoreandmoredifficulttoseethestarsatnight.Thetownsavedthenightskybybuildinganewsystem

oflightsthatlitupthestreetswithoutinfluencingtheviewofthesky.

ChoosethebestchoicefromA,BorCaccordingtothepassage.

26.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?

A.Vicunaisasmalltownfarfromtheocean.

B.WecanseewonderfulcloudsintheskyoverVicuna.

C.TheskyinVicunaisclearallyearround.

27.WhatmakestheMamailucaaspecialobservatoryinVicuna?

A.ItssizeB.ItslocationC.Itservestourists

28.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“acmodate“mostprobablymeaninChinese?

A.容纳B.建议C.控制

29.WhydidVicunaspendmoneyonanewstreetlightsystem?

A.Theoldstreetlightsusedlotsofelectricity.

B.Theoldstreetlightsmadeithardtoseethestarsatnight.

C.Thenewstreetlightswouldmakestreetlightsmorebeautiful.

30.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.VicunaHasaProblem

B.ATowntoWatchtheStars

C.PicturesofaCloudlessSky

【答案】

26.C27.C28.A29.B30.B

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可以观看星星的好地方——智利北部的维库纳小镇。同时也介绍了这个地

方成为观星星的好地方的原因。

26.主旨大意题。通读第一段，尤其根据文中“Infact,theskyissoclearinVicunathatitispossibletoseemany

starsthatcanbeseenonlywithadvanced（先进的）instrumentsinotherpartsoftheworld.”可知，维库纳的天空

一年四季都是晴朗的。故选C。

27.推理判断题。根据文中“Oneofthem,theMamalluca,isquitedifferentfromthetypicalobsenatoriesusedby

scientists.Thisobservatorywasbuiltfortouristswholiketolookatthestars.”可知推理出,Mamalluca服务于游

客使其成为维库纳一个特殊的天文台。故选C。

28.词句猜测题。根据划线词后“ihousandsoftouristswhoefromallovertheworld”可猜测出,应是维库纳的

酒店容纳了成千上万的游客，故下划线单词“acmodate”的汉语意思最有可能是“容纳二故选A,

29.细节理解题。根据文中“Asthetowngrew,morestreetlightswereadded,makingitmoreandmoredifficultto

seethestarsatnight.”可知，维库纳花钱买••个新的路灯系统是因为旧的路灯使夜晚很难看到星星。故选B。

30.最佳标题。文章介绍了可以观看星星的好地方——智利北部的维库纳小镇。同时也介绍了这个地方成

为观星星的好地方的原因。故文章的最佳标题应是“看星星的小镇故选B。

Passage8（2021•湖北荆门•中考真题）

OntheearlymorningofDecember17,theChang,e5lunarprobe（JI球探测器）landedsafelyonthe

grasslandsinInnerMongolia,meaningtheChang'e5mission（任务）endedsuccessfully.

Chang,c5waslaunchedfromtheWcnchangSpaceLaunchCenterinHainanProvinceonNovember24,2020.

OnDecember1,theprobegottothemoon.Duringthestayonthemoon,itcollected1,731gramsofrockandsoil

samples（样品）.OnDecember3,ournationalflagwasshownon（hemoon.Afterthat,theprobewasreadytogo

home.

Chinaisnostrangertolunarexploration（探月）programs.Overtheyears,ithassentanumberofincreasingly

challengingmissionstothemoon.OneofthemostfamousmissionswasthehistoriclandingofChang,e4

spacecraftonthemoon'sfarsidein2（）19.AsChang'e5reachedanewareaofthemoon,thislaunchsuccessfully

pushedthelimits（极限）evenfiirther.It'snodoubtagreatstepforwardfbrthespaceindustry.

ThisisatrulyhistoriceventfbrChina'sspaceprogram,makingChinathethirdnationintheworldtobring

samplesbackfromthemoon.ThesuccesshasalsomadeChang,c5thefirstspacecrafttobringbacksamplesfrom

themoonsince1976whenaRussianspaceshipbroughtback170.1gramsofsamplestotheearth.Thiswasnoeasy

task,butChinahasmadeit.

31.HowlongdidthewholeChang,e5missionlast?

A.Abouthalfamonth.B.Around10days.

C.Overamonth.D.Morethan20days.

32.Theunderlinedword“launched”inparagraph2meansinChinese.

A.回收B.发射C.发明D.销毁

33.Paragraph3mainlytalksabout.

A.theimportanceofspaceexploration

B.thedifficultyinlunarexploration

C.thefutureofChina'sspaceprogram

D.theprogressinChina'smoonmissions

34.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanwefindthepassage?

A.CULTUREB.TRAVELC.SCIENCED.SPORT

【答案】

31.D32.B33.D34.C

【分析】

本文向我们介绍嫦娥五号月球探测器安全降落在内蒙古，这对中国的太空计划来说是一个真正的历史性事

件，使中国成为世界上第三个从月球带回样本的国家。

31.细节理解题。根据第一，段“OntheearlymorningofDecember17,theChang'e5lunarprobe（月球探测器）

landedsafelyonthegrasslandsinInnerMongolia''和第二段"Chang'e5waslaunchedfromtheWenchangSpace

LaunchCenterinHainanProvinceonNovember24,2020.”可知,2020年11月24日,嫦娥五号在海南省文昌

航天发射中心发射升空，在12月17日凌晨嫦娥五号月球探测器安全降落在内蒙古草原，共计历时24天，

故选Do

32.词义猜测题。分析“Chang'c5waslaunchedfromtheWenchangSpaceLaunchCenterinHainanProvinceon

Novcmbcr24,2020.”可知，2020年11月24日，嫦娥五号在海南省文昌航天发射中心发射升空。所以launched

的意思是“发射”,故选B。

33.段落大意题。根据“Chinaisnostrangertolunarexploration（探月）programs.Overtheyears,ithassenta

numberofincreasinglychallengingmissionstothe知，中国对探月计划并不陌生，多年来中国向月

球发射了一系列越来越具有挑战性的任务。选项D“中国登月计划的进展”符合大意，故选D。

34.推理判断题。本文主要向我们介绍航空航天方面的情况，所以最有可能在科学版块看到这篇文章，故

选C。

Passage9（2021•湖北荆门•中考真题）

Ifyoufeelsadorupset,remembernottowatchahappymovie.Asadmoviemaybemoresuitableforyou.

SomescientistsatOhioStateUniversity,theU.S.,havefoundthatsadmoviescanmakepeoplehappier.They

publishedtheirstudyinamagazinecalledmunicationResearch.

Scientistsasked361collegestudentstowatchasadmoviecalledAtonement.Themovietellsastoryoftwo

loverswhowereseparated.TheydiedduringWorldWarIIattheendofthemovie.The361collegestudents

answeredquestionsfromthescientistsbefore,afterandthreetimesduringthemovietofindouttheirdifferent

feelings,includingsadness.

Accordingtotheresultofthesurvey,scientistsfoundoutthatpeoplefeltbetterafterwatchingthesadmovie.

Scientistsbelievedthiswasbecausethemoviemadethemthinkabouttheirownlivesandrelationships,paredto

thoseof