阅读理解之说明文-2023年中考英语一轮考点复习

考向39阅读理解之说明文

(2022•青海•统考中考真题)CultureFlyingHigh

Knownasthebirthplaceofkites,WeifanginShandongProvincehasalonghistoryofmakingkites.

Weifangkiteniakingdatesbackto2,(X)0yearsago.Atfirst,theywereoftenusedbythearmyfor

measuringdistanceandmunicationpurposes.During(heMingDynasly(1368—1644),kitesstartedtobe

popularamongordinarypeopleasentertainment.Weifangkilemakingwasincludedinthenationallevel

intangibleculturalheritagelists(国家级非物质文化遗产名录)in2006.Since1984,theInternationalKite

FestivalhasbeenheldinWeifangeveryyear.

YangHongwei,56,isaninheritor(继承人)oftheWeifangkiteniakingart,bomintoakitemaking

family.4tEvcrytimeIseethebeautifulkites,myboredomandncgalivcfeelingsgoaway,“saidYang.

Havingaspecialconnectionwithkites,Yanglearnedtheartfromhergrandfatherattheageof16.

Afterpracticing(heskillsfor10years,shestartedherownshopin1992.OnYang'skites,peoplecansee

notonlymonpatternslikebutterfliesandbirds,butalsosomepaintingstellingChineselegendsandhistory.

Thoughtheideawascool,theprocesswasnoteasy."It'sreallyhardwork,“Yangadded,“butwhenI

explainthestoriesonthekitestoforeigncustomers,Ifeelasenseofgreatachievement?*

Inherspacetime,shealsotravelstodifferentcountriesincludingGermany,Australia,theUSand

NewZealandtotellpeopleaboutChinesestoriesseenonkitesandthetraditionalwaysofmakingkites.

'Tmaninheritoroftheculture.Itisalsoanimportantjobofminetospreadtheheritagearoundtheworld

andontothenextgeneration,5,shesaid.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

1.Whendidkitesstarttobepopularasentertainment?

A.DuringMingDynasty.B.2000yearsago.

C.In2006.D.In1984.

2.Paragraph2mainly(ellsus.

A.thebirthplaceofkitesB.thepurposesofkites

C.thestylesofkitesD.thedevelopmentofkites

3.Theunderlinedword“negative"issimilarto.

A.positiveB.terribleC.personalD.joyful

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanweknowaboutYangHongwci?

A.Shetraveledallovertheworld.

B.Shestartedherownshopattheageof16.

C.ShetriedherbesttospreadChinesecultureofkitetotheworld.

D.Shewastheonlyinheritorof(heWeifangkitemakingart.

5.Thepassageiswrittento.

A.tellthehistoryofkites

B.teachushowtomakeakite

C.introduceaninheritorofWeifangkitemakingart

D.describepatternsofkites

【答案】1.A2.D3.B4.C5.C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍风筝的起源以及潍坊风筝制作艺术传承人杨红卫的经历，以及她

为传播中华文化做出的努力.

1.细节理解题。根据"DuringtheMingDynasty(1368—1644),kitesstartedtobepopularamongordinary

peopleasentertainment.”可知，在明朝(13681644),风筝开始在普通人中流行作为娱乐。故选A。

2.段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍潍坊风筝制作的发展史，故选D。

3.词句猜测题。分析“EverytimeIseethebeautifulkites,myboredomandnegativefeelingsgoaway”可

知，每当我看到美丽的风筝，我的无聊和负面情绪就消失了,此处negative的意思是“负面的，消极

的“。故选B。

4.推理判断题。根据“Itisalsoanimportantjobofminetospreadtheheritagearoundtheworldandonto

thenextgeneration”可知，杨红卫表示将这些遗产传播到世界各地，并传给下一代，也是她的一项重

要工作。由此推知，她会尽她最大的努力向世界传播中国的风筝文化，故选C。

5.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍风筝的起源以及潍坊风筝制作艺术传承人杨红卫的经历，以及她为传

播中华文化做出的努力。选项C”介绍一位潍坊风筝制作艺术传承人”符合主题，故选C。

阅读理解

说明文阅读理解的特征

一般说来，英语说明文与其他文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即who-what-

when-*where-*how-*why

Lwho:问的是这篇文章的主体是谁?（即所要说明和描述的人或事物）

2.what:问的是主体做了什么事情?（即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途）

3.when和where:是在何时何地发生的?（即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途）

4.how:通过什么方式表现出来的？

5.why:这种特性功能用途的原因是什么？

做说明文阅读理解题的时候，一定要记住上面的whword。边阅读，边搜记，牢记要点，把握全

文。

说明文体裁文章的阅读技巧

说明文是以说明为主要表达方式用来说明事物，阐明事理的一种文体。它通过揭示概念来说明

事物的特征、本质及其规律性，给人准确的科学知识或止确思想。一般可分为实体事物说明和抽象

事物说明两大类，词典、教材、论文、实验报告、产品说明书、广告、解说词及科学小品等都属于

说明文。

阅读说明文体裁的文章时应首先抓住下面的重要信息：

A.说明的对象

B.说明对•象的特征

C.说明的方法（例证法；定义法；分类法；因果关系法；比较对照法；过程分析法）

（1）例证法

这是用具体例子来说明人或事物的特征、本质及其规律的方法，所用例子必须有代表性、典型性,

能体现人或事物的本质特征。这是用特殊来说明一般的方法。通常在主题句后，用Forexample或For

instance等短语引导出具体的冽子。

（2）定义法

Kingtohelpscientistssearchfordarkmatterinspace.

Thenameofthespacestation,Tiangong,means"HeavenlyPalace”.InChinesemyths,thisisthe

homeofTianDi.NowTiangongSpaceStationisahomeforChineseastronautsinspace.AndChinaweles

foreignastronauts（oTiangongsothat（heycanworktogether.

Tianwen,China'sMarsmissions（任务）,getsitsnamefromthepoemTianwenbyQuYuan.QuYuan

isawellknownpoetfromancientChina.InTianwen,hehadthequestionsaboutthesky,stars,nature,

mythsandtherealworld,showinghishungerfortruth.PerhapstheTianwenmissionswillendup

answeringsomeofQuYuan'squestions.

IfyoulookintomorenamesofChinesespaceprograms,youwillfindthattheyallhavebeautiful

meanings.We,theChinesepeople,havealongcherished（珍藏已久的）spacedream.Sothenamingof

Chinesespaceprogramsistakenveryseriously.

1.WhatistheWukongsatelliteusedfor?

A.AnsweringsomeofQuYuan'squestions.

B.Helpingscientistssearchfordarkmatterinspace.

C.Welingforeignastronautstothespacestation.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"myths“inParagraph3mean?

A.Poems.B.Fairytales.C.Hoaxes.

3.WhereisthenameofChina'sMarsmissionsfrotn?

A.QuYuan^poemTianwen.B.AncientChinesemyths.C.JourneytotheWest

4.WhydowelakethenamingofChinesespaceprogramsseriously?

A.WewanttolandonMars.B.Wehavethehungerloriruth.C.Wehaveadreamforspace.

5.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.WhatBeautifulNamesB.WhatExcellentPoemsC.WhataLongJourney

【答案】1.B2.B3.A4.C5.A

【导语】本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来。

1.细节理解题。根据“TheWukongsatelliteisjustassharpeyedasMonkeyKingtohelpscientistssearch

fordarkmatterinspace.”可知，它用来帮助科学家寻找太空中的暗物质，故选B。

2.词义猜测题。根据“InChinesemyths,thisisthehomeofTianDi”可知,天帝是中国的神话传说,所

以myths表示“神话",与Fairytales同义，故选B。

3.细节理解题。根据'.Tianwen,China'sMarsmissions（任务），getsitsnamefromthepoemTianwenbyQu

Yuan”可知，得名于屈原的《天问》，故选A。

4.细节理解题。根据“We,theChinesepeople,havealongcherished（珍藏己久的）spacedream.Sothe

namingofChinesespaceprogramsistakenveryseriously.”可知.中国人民有着长久以来的太空梦。因

此，中国太空计划的命名受到了非常认真的对待，故选C。

5.最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来，A选项”多么优美的名字”符合本文标题，故

选Ao

（2023•山西晋城・统考一模）

Fromchickenfeetsockstosadfrogtoys,“ugly"productshavebeepopularamongyoungpeople.On

thesocialmediaplatformDouban,thereisagroupcalledtheSocietyfbrtheProtectionofUglyThings

withmorethan200,000members.Theypost"uglythings^^theyseeandbuyindailylife.

Somemuseumshavealsofollowedthetrendandproducedmany“ugly"butinterestingculturaland

creativeproducts.Forexample,onJune14,2022,theGansuProvincialMuseumbroughtoutatoy.It's

basedonthefamousbronzesculpture（青钢雕塑）,knownasGallopingHorseTreadingonaFlying

Swallow（马踏飞燕）.Thetoyrecreatesthesculptureinacuteandcartoonstyle.Thismakesthetoymore

fashionableandmorefun.

Infact,someofthe"ugly"productscanbeuseful.YinPeixin,11,fromHubeihasacabbagedogtoy.

Unlikeothers,shedoesn'tfinditugly."It'screativebymixingcabbagewithadog.Thetoymakesmefeel

betterwhenI'mupset.Italsoservesasaminipillowtohelpmehaveagoodsleep/'saidYin.

AccordingtoZhangLei,aprofessoratZhejiangUniversityofTechnology,theriseinthepopularityof

uglythingsmeansthatyoungpeoplewanttoshowthatthey'redifferent.Theyhopetogetpleasureanda

newtasteoflifefromsomethingalittlemore"ugly".

6.WhatdothemembersoftheSocietyfortheProtectionofUglyThingsdo?

A.Theysell“ugly"things.B.Theycreate“ugly"products.C.Theypost“uglythings^^online.

7.Whatdocstheunderlinedword"trend”probablymeaninChinese?

A.潮流B.榜样C.习俗

8.HowdoesthecabbagedogtoyhelpYinPeixin?

A.Byencouraginghertobecreative.

B.Bycheeringherupwhensheisdown.

C.Byhelpingherhaveagoodrestbetweenclasses.

9.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Youngpeoplecandrawattentionbybuying“ugly”things.

B."Ugly”productsbeemorepopularamongyoungpeople.

C.ThetoyfromtheGansuProvincialMuseummixesdogwithbird.

10.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.People'sdifferentopinionsabout"ugly”things.

B."Ugly"productsthatgivepeopleadifferentkindofjoy.

C.Thedifferencesbetween“perfbet”thingsand“ugly"things.

【答案】6.C7.A8.B9.B10.B

【导语】本文主要介绍丑陋的玩具带给人们不一样的快乐。

6.细节理解题。根据“Theypost'uglythings'theyseeandbuyindailylifb.”可知成员们发表“丑陋的东

西''在网上，故选C。

7.词义猜测题。根据“Somemuseumshavealsofollowedthetrendandproducedmany'ugly'but

interestingculturalandcreativeproducts.”可知博4勿,馆也》艮风摆放“丑陋”的东西，故"trend”表示"潮流"，

故选Ao

8.细节理解题。根据“Thetoymakesmefeelbetterwhenrmupsel.“可知这个玩具让她振作起来,故

选Bo

9.2川节理解题o根据“theriseinthepopularityofuglythingsmeansthatyoungpeoplewanttoshowthat

they*different.”可知丑陋的玩具在年轻人中间流行度增加I,B项符合，故选B。

10.主旨大意题。根据“Theyhopetogetpleasureandanewtasteoflifefromsomethingalittlemore

“gly，.”可知本文主要讲“丑陋的”产品带给人们不一样的快乐。故选B。

（2023•山西忻州•统考一模）Recently,Avatar2（《阿凡达2》）ishotinthecinema.Onceagain,

peoplewereamazedbytheeffectsofthemovie.Inmostfilmsaboutspace,wheneverEarthfacesadisaster

（灾难），thesolutionisalwaysrunningawayfrom（heplanetinspaceshipsorexpectingoneoragroupof

superheroestosaveitintheendButtheChinesesciencefiction（scifi）movie.TheWanderingEarth（《流

浪地球》）offersadifferentidea.Inthefilm,basedonashortstorybyChinesescifiwriterLiuCixin,Earth

isindangerofbeingdestroyedbythedyingsun.Facingtheveiydanger,humansaroundtheworldwork

togethertobuildahugeenginesystemthatwillpushEarthawayfromthesun.Insteadofsimplyhaving

Earthbehindagain——thistimewe'retakingitwithus.

TheWanderingEarthachievedgreatsuccessduringtheSpringFestivalin2020.AsChina'sfirst

homemadescifiblockbuster（大片）,thefilmhasledtoheateddiscussions.TheNewYorkTimesreported

that"Itwillbeasymbolofanewera（时代）inChinesefilmmaking."The"ambition"ofthescififilm,

however,didn'tefromnowhere.Forthousandsofyears,“homeland”hasbeenthesoftestpartinmost

Chinesepeople'smind.Oneoldsayingis4tfallenleavesreturntotheroots”,whichmeansreturningtoone's

homelandinoldage,likefallenleavesreturningtotherootsoftheirtree.

AndthemakersofTheWanderingEarthmayhavechosenthebest（imetotelltheChinesescifistory.

ThefilmwasonFeb.5,2019,thefirstdayofChineseLunarNewYear.Itwasalimewhenmanypeople

hadjustmadethehardjourneybacktotheirhometowns.Sotothem,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytotell

thestory:Earthgoeswhereverhumansgo,becauseit'sourhome.

11.WhatisNOTthesolutionv/hentheEarthfacesadisasterinmostfilmsaboutspace?

A.Hidedeepintheground.B.Runawayfromtheplanet.C.Expectonesuperherotosaveit.

12.WhatkindofmovieisTheWanderingEarths

A.Anactionmovie.B.Acartoonmovie.C.Asciencefictionmovie.

13.WhyisTheWanderingEarthdifferentfromotherfilms?

A.Becausepeopledon'tneedit.

B.Becausepeoplehaveanewplanet.

C.Becausepeoplelaketheearthwiththemselves.

14.Whatdotheunderlinedphrasesmean?

A.巧夺天工B.空穴来风C.落叶归根

15.Whatdocsthewriterwanttotellus?

A.Avatar2isanexcellentfilm.

B.Chinesepeoplevaluetheirhomeandhomeland.

C.IftheEarthfacesadisaster,wecanrunawayfrom（heplanet

【答案】11.A12.C13.C14.B15.B

【导语】本文主要介绍了《流浪地球》背后映射出一个现象：中国人珍视自己的家和祖国.

11.细节理解题。根据"Inmostfilmsaboutspace,wheneverEanhfacesadisaster（灾难）,thesolutionis

alwaysrunningawayfromtheplanetinspaceshipsorexpectingoneoragroupofsuperheroestosaveitin

theend.“可知，在大多数太空超材的电影中，每当地球面临灾难，解决方案总是乘坐宇宙飞船逃离

地球，或者期待一个或一群超级英雄最终拯救地球。故选A,

12.细节理解题。根据“ButtheChinesesciencefiction（scifi）movie,TheWanderingEarth（《流浪地

球》）”可知，《流浪地球》是科幻电影，故选C。

13.细节理解题。根据“InsteadofsimplyleavingEarthbehindagain—thistimewe'retakingitwithus.”

可知，《流浪地球》和其他电影不一样，是因为人们把地球带在身边。故选C。

14.词义猜测题。根据"The'ambition'ofthescififilm,however,didn'tefromnowhere.”以及“For

thousandsofyears,“homeland”hasbeenthesoftestpartinmostChinesepeople'smind."（数「年来，”祖

国''一直是大多数中国人心中最柔软的部分）可知，这部科幻电影的“雄心”并非凭空而来,efmmwhere

表示“空穴来风”，故选B“

15.推理判断题。根据"Sotothem,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytotellthestory:Earthgoeswherever

humansgo,becauseifsourhome."（所以对他们来说，只有一种可能的方式来讲述这个故事：人类走

到哪里，地球就到哪里，因为它是我们的家。）可推知，作者想告诉我们中国人珍视自己的家和祖

国。故选Bo

提升练

（2023•天津和平•统考一模）TanghuluisaspecialandsweetchildhoodmemoryofmanyChinese

people.Whenwinteres,youcanseepeoplesellingTanghuluoneachstreetinBeijing.Brightredincolor,

withperfectsweetandsourtaste,TanghuluisapopulartraditionalsnackinmostpartsofnorthernChina.In

thepast,peoplemainlyusedthehawthon（山楂）tomakeTanghulu.Butnow,peopleprefertojseother

fruitslikeoranges,bananas,grapesandstrawberries.TomaketheperfectTanghulu,youcanfollowthese

steps：

Preparewhatyouneed：

Hawthornsorotherfruit,whitesugarandwater.

Step1

Startoffbywashingthehawthornsoranyotherfruityouchoose.Oncedone,drythefruit.Don't

forgetihisstep.

Step2

Putthefruitonbamboosticks.Ifyouuselongsticks,put4―6piecesoffruitoneachstick.Ifyouuse

shortones,1—3piecesareenough.

Step3

Addwaterandwhitesugarinapanandthenmixthemwell.Heatthepanuntilbubbles（气泡）appear

andcolorchanges.Whendoingthis,youcantestthetemperatureofthemixturebydipping（浸）aspoonof

themixtureincoldwater.Whenthemixturehardens（变硬）immediately,youhavetherighttemperature.It

isthekeytomakingperfectTanghulu.

Step4

Now,dipeachfruitstickintothesugarmixturetoeasilycoatthefruit.Remembertoturnittocoatall

ofthesides.

Step5

Oncedone,placeeachstickonaplate.Remember（oleaveenoughspacebetweeneachothertostop

themfromsticking.Afterafewminutes,youcantastethem.

Withthestepbystepinstructions,youcanhaveatryathome.Trywithdifferentkindsoffruitstosee

whichtasteyoulikebest.

16.InParagraph1,thewriterspeaksofTanghulu'sand.

A.color;historyB.taste;colorC.size;tasteD.history;size

17.Afterwashingthefruit,weneedtofirst.

A.makeitdryB.putitonbamboosticksC.heatitinapanD.dipitin

thesugarmixture

18.WhatdocsrefertoinStep3?

A.Thewaytotestthesugarmixture.B.Thewaytoheat（hesugarmixture.

C.Thetemperatureofthesugarmixture.D.Thetimetodipfruitsticksinthemixture.

19.WhatdoesStep5mainly（ellus?

A.Howoftenyoucantasteit.B.Howtocoolthefruitsticks.

C.Wheretoputthefruitsticks.D.Whocantastethefruitsticking.

20.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwcprobablyrcidthepassage?

A.Health.B.History.C.Travel.D.Lifestyle.

【答案】16.B17.A18.C19.C20.D

【导语】本文主要介绍了糖葫芦的制作过程。

16.细节理解题。根据“Brightredincolor,withperfectsweetandsourtaste”可知本段提到了糖葫芦的颜

色和味道。故选B。

17.细节理解题。根据“Oncedone,drythefruit”可知要把水果弄干。故选A。

18.词义猜测题。根据“WhenIhemixturehardens（变硬）immediately,youhavetherighttemperature.It

isthekeytomakingperfectTanghulu”可知当混合物变硬时，你就有了合适的温度，这是制作完美糖葫

芦的关键，故此处it指代“糖混合物的温度故选C。

19.主旨大意题。根据“Oncedone,placeeachstickonaplate”可知这个步骤主要介绍了把水果棒放哪

里以及需要的注意事项。故选C。

20.推理判断题。本文主要介绍了糖葫芦的制作过程，故文章可能出现在杂志的生活方式版面。故

选D。

（2023•河南郑州•河南省实验中学校考二模）Socialmedia（社交媒体）iscertainlyaninteresting

placetolearnothers5opinions.Youcanreadeverythingfromstrangeideastotruefactsandeverythingin

between.Butwhenyouarespendingtimeonlineandreadingsomanyopinions,it'squitepossiblethatyou

willsometimesseesomeonewritesomethingthatyoustronglydisagreewith.

Infact,youmightfeelsostronglythatyoufeellikeyoushouldreplytothispersonatonce.Youmight

dosomeresearch,findsomefactsofyourownandreplytowhatthey'vewritten.Youfinishwritingout

yourreply,click“Post"andwintheargument!

Exceptthatit'snotreallyir.uchofavictory.Mostpeopledon'tlikeitwhenotherpeopledisagreewith

theirideas,especiallyonlinestrangers.Il'sunlikelythattheywillchangetheiropinionjustbecauseyou

arguedwiththem.Infact,it'spossiblethatyoumadethemfeelmoreconfidentthattheyarecorrect.

Andthethingis,whenyougetinthesekindsoffightsonline,itslowlyinfluencesyou.Youmightnot

knowitatfirst,buttheargumentthatyoutakepartincanactuallyhaveabadeffectonyourmood.Ifyou

argueoften,youstarttoenjoyarguingandthenendupdoingitevenmore.It'sadangerouscycle.

Iguessthebestthingtodoistotellyourselfthatmostargumentsaren'tworthit.Therearcmuch

betterandmoreinterestingthingstodo,whetheronlineorinreallife.

21.Whichstatementisn'ttnieaccordingtothetext?

A.Peoplecanpostdifferentopinionsonsocialmedia.

B.Peoplemayseesomeopinionstheyarestronglyagainstonsocialmedia.

C.Gettinginthosekindsofargumentsonsocialmediacaninfluenceourmood.

D.Thewritersuggestsweshouldstayawayfromsocialmedia.

22.WhatdoesthewriterwanttotellusinParagragh3?

A.Itisnormaltoarguewithpeopleonsocialmedia.

B.Onlinestrangerswon'tchangeopinionssimplybecauseyouarguewiththem.

C.Ybushoulddosomeresearchbeforereplyingtotheopinionyoudisagreewith.

D.Youarcalwayswclcdtoexpressdifferentopinionsonline.

23.Whichwordhasthesamemeaningastheword“victory“inParagraph3?

A.winB.failureC.winnerD.loser

24.Whatmightbe（heconsequence（后果）ofyoutakingpartinanargumentaccordingtothetext?

A.Themoreyouargue,thehappieryouwillbe.

B.Theargumentcanhaveabadeffectonyourmood.

C.Itcanmakeyouwinmorefriendship.

D.Youwillbccdangerous.

25.Whatisthebesttitleofthisarticle?

A.StopArguingonSocialMedia

B.BeingawayfromSocialMedia

C.Don'tberudeonSocialMedia

D.PriceofArguingonSocialMedia

【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.B25.A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文.文章介绍了作者针对在网上与别人因为观点不同而产生争论的事情发

表的不赞同观点及作者认为这样做反而会使自己陷入危险的循环。

21.细节理解题。根据“Socialmedia（社交媒体）iscertainlyaninterestingplacetolearnothers5opinions.

Youcanreadeverythingfromstrangeideastotruetactsandeverythinginbetween.”可知作者认为社交媒

体是一个学习他人意见的有趣地方，所以D选项错误，故选D。

22.细节理解题。根据“Mostpeopledon'tlikeitwhenotherpeopledisagreewiththeirideas,especially

onlinestrangers.It'sunlikelythattheywillchangetheiropinionjustbecauseyouarguedwiththem.”（大多

数人都不喜欢别人不同意自己的观点，尤其是网上的陌生人。他们不太可能仅仅因为你和他们争论

就改变他们的观点。）可知网上的陌生人不会因为你和他们争论就改变观点。故选B。

23.词义猜测题。根据"Youmightdosomeresearch,findsomefactsofyourownandreplytowhatthey've

written.Youfinishwritingoutyourreply,click4Post5andwintheargument（你可能会做一些调查，找

到一些你自己的事实，然后回复他们写的东西。你写完你的回复，点击“发布”，赢得争论［可知你

在网上强烈反对某个人的看法，所以回庭别人写的东西，但是这并不是•场真正的胜利，因为网上

的陌生人不会因为你和他们争论就改变观点。所以victory和win同义，故选A。

24.细节理解题。根据“Andthethingis,whenyougetinthesekindsoffightsonline,itslowlyinfluences

you.Youmightnotknowitatfirst,buttheargumentthatyoutak3partincanactuallyhaveabadeffecton

yourmood”可知当你在网上陷入这种争斗时，它会慢慢影响你，会对你的情绪产生不良影响。故选

B。

25.最佳标题题。通读全文可知，作者全文是在讲在网上和别人因为观点不同起争论是不值得的事

情，结合选项只有A选项“停止在社交媒体上争论”符合。故选A。

（2023・江苏无锡・江苏省锡山高级中学实验学校校考一模）

ELECTRICSCOOTER

BackinBrisbane,Australia,fortheChristmasbreak,Ifoundmyselfinapublictransportdeadzone.

Bikeless,7kilometersfromwhereIwasmeetingfriendsandunwillingtogetataxi,Idecidedtoborrowan

electricscooter.I'hetriptookfarlongerthanitwouldhavebybike,mainlybecauseofamajorscill

halfwaythere.Arock,hitatspeed,isaterriblething:weekslaterIstillhadtheredkneesofaprimary

schooler.

IntheUK,theyarelegal（合法的）onlyonprivateland,buttheDepartmentforTransportisdiscussing

howtocontrolthemonpublicroadsandpathways,with（hepossibilityforlegalizationlaterthisysar.Other

citiesthathaveescooterrentalprogramshavehadproblemsintheearlyperiod.InParis,MayorAnne

Hidalgodescribedthesituationlastyearasmessy.Shehasannouncedthatthecityisreducingitsnumber

ofescootersto15,000andplanstocreatelawsforbiddingthemfrompavements（人行:道）.Francehaspul

intoforcelawslimitingcscootcrspeedsto25kilometresperhour.

Similartodocklcss（无械的）hirebicycles,cscootcrsarcparkedonpavementsandpeopleleavethem

uptreesorthrowthemintorivers.Wildtreatmentshortenstheirlifetime,whichisbadfbrbothprofitability

（盈利）andtheenvironment.Analysissuggeststhattheaveragecscootcr'slifetimeisjustthreemonths.

Ithinkescootersareanbasicpartoftheefforttomakecitytransportgreener.Theyareseenasakeyto

the“lastproblem—apotentialwaytoreducetransportjambyrapidlygettingsomeonetotheirfinal

goal.Carscantakeup28timesthespaceofapersonridingabicycle.Asfarastheenvironmentaleffect

goes,recentresearchsuggeststhatcscootcrsarcnotasgreenaswalkingorcycling,buttheyarcstillbetter

thancars.Andthoughtherearestillmanyreportsofseriousaccidents,scootingisaboutassafeascycling.

StephenGosslingatLundUniversityinSwedenhassuggestedwebuildcarfrcc“micromobility”streets,

wherecyclists,pedestrians（行人）andescooterscouldsharetheroad.Hethinksthiswillreduceaccident

risksandinvitemorevulnerable（易受伤害的）trafficparticipants,suchaschildren,tobccactive:ransport

users.Ifmoreescootersmeanfewercarsonroads,animprovementinlocalairqualityisalsoalikelyresult.

When20kilometersofroadsincentralLondonclosedforWorldCarFreeDaylastSeptember,theair

qualitywasgreatlyimprovedaccordingtothereport.

26.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"amajorspill''inParagraph1probablymean?

A.Aseriousfall.B.Asuddenillness.C.Alegalreaction.D.Aterriblebreakdown.

27.WhatdoweknowaboutescootersinParis?

A.Theyarcillegalonpavements.B.Theyarcalreadyoutoffashion.

C.Theyarefacingmorelimits.D.Theyaremoremononprivateland.

28.Whatisthewriter'sopinionofescooters?

A.Theyarenotassafeascycling.B.Theyalwayscausethetrafficjams.

C.Theyareasgreenascyclingorwalking.D.Theyplayabigroleinthe“lastmile"problem.

29.WhatisStephenGossling'ssuggestion?

A.Tosetupmorecarefreedays.B.Toinvitemorecycliststouseescooters.

C.lbgetvulnerablepedestriansofftheroad.D.Toseparatecarsfromescootersontheroad.

【答案】26.A27.C28.D29.D

【导语】本文主要介绍了一些城市出现电动踏板车后出现的一些问题。但作者认为电动摩吒车是城

市交通绿化的重要组成部分。很多的电动滑板车意味着道路上汽车的减少，那么当地的空气质量可

能也会改善。

26.词义猜测题。根据“Thetriptookfarlongerthanitwouldhavebybike”可知作者花费了比骑自行车

更久的时间，再由"Arock,hitatspeed,isaterriblething:weekslater,Istillhadtheredkneesofaprimary

schooler”可知电动车在路上撞到了石头上，作者摔了一跤，amajorspill意为“摔了一跤”。故选A。

27.细节理解题。根据“InParis,MayorAnneHidalgodescribedthesituationlastyearasmessyShehas

announcedthatthecityisreducingitsnumberofescootersto15,300andplanstocreatelawsforbidding

themfrompavemenls.”可知在巴黎电动踏板车受到了诸多限制。故选C。

28.观点态度题。根据"Ithinkescootersareanbasicpartoftheefforttomakecitytransportgreener.They

arcseenasakeytothe'lastmile*problem—apotentialwaytoreducetransportjambyrapidlygetting

someonetotheirfinalgoal.”可知作者认为电动踏板车在“最后一英里”问题中发挥重要作用。故选D。

29.细节理解题。根据“StephenGosslingatLundUniversityinSwedenhassuggestedwebuildcarfree

'micromobility'streets,wherecyclists,pedestriansandescooterscouldsharetheroad.“可知Stephen

Gossling建议在路上把汽车和电动踏板车分开。故选Do

真题练

（2022•甘肃甘南•统考中考真题）

尸，o

BingDwcnDwcnShueyRhonRhon

Hello,myfriends!Nicetomeetyou!MynameisBingDwellDwen.I'mthemascot（吉祥物）ofthe

2022BeijingWinterOlympicGames.Tinablackandwhitepanda.Ihavebigeyes,asmallnoseanda

smallmouth.Myarmsandlegsarcshort.Whatisitonmylefthand?Haha,itisaheartpatten】（心、形图案）

towelefriendsallovertheworldtoetoChina.

Whoisthat?Itismygoodfriend,ShueyRhonRhon.ItisthemascotoftheParalympicWinter

Games（冬残奥会）.Itlookslikearedlantern.Ithastwosmalleyes.Itsarmsandlegsareshort,too.Weare

verycute.

30.ShueyRhonRhonisthemascotof.

A.the2022WinterOlympicGames

B.the2022ParalympicWinterGames

C.theOlympicandParalympicWinterOlympicGames

31.WhatdoesBingDwenDwenlooklike?

A.Apanda.B.Amascot.C.Aredlantem.

32.WhatcolorisShueyRhonRhon?

A.Green.B.Blackandwhite.C.Red.

33.Whereistheheartpattern?

A.ItisonBingDwenDwen'slefthand.

B.ItisonBingDwenDwen'srighthand.

C.ItisonBingDwenDwen'sback.

34.Whatmeanstowelefriends