2022届山东省德州市高三上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

2022届山东省德州市高三上学期期末考试英语试题本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。注意事项：1.答第I卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在试卷上无效。第I卷（满分65分）第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ATherereallyareappsforeverything—andsomecouldsaveyourlife.What3wordsThisfreedownloadisoneofagrowingnumberofsmartphoneappsthatcouldmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.What3Wordsdividestheworldinto3x3metresquares,givingeachoneauniquecombinationofthreewords.Thisallowsemergencyservices—oranyoneelseyougivethelocationto-toreachyou.WhatsAppLotsofususeWhatsAppformessagingandcalling,butdoyouknowitalsohasaLiveLocationfeaturethatcanletalovedoneknowyourwhereaboutsincaseyou'reindanger?Yousimplypressthe+keyinachat,select“Location”,andthenpress“ShareLiveLocation”,whichenablesanyparticipantinthechattoseeyourlocationinrealtimeforthedurationyouchoose.SkinVisionYouwillhavetopayforthisdigitalskincheckapp,butwithanestimatedfifthofskincancersgoingundiagnosedduringlockdown,itcouldbewellworthit.Yousimplytakeaphotoofanyspotwithyourphoneandyou'llthenreceiveariskindicationwithin30seconds.StayAliveWithmentalhealthproblemsontheincrease,nothelpedbythepandemic,thisappcouldbeextremelyhelpful.Itoffersawealthofresources,rangingfromstrategiesforstayinggroundedwhenyoufeeloverwhelmed,tobreathingexercisestodirectlinkstonationalandlocalcrisisresources.StJohnAmbulanceFirstAidAnapplikethisismoreusefulforsavingsomeoneelse'slifethanyourown,butarguablyit’samust-haveonyoursmartphone.Itgivesadviceindealingwithemergencies,includingchoking,allergic（过敏）reactionsandperformingCPR.Youdon’thavetohaveanInternetconnectioninordertouseit.1.WhatdoWhat3wordsandWhatsApphaveincommon?A.Theyarealittlepricey. B.Theyarehardtooperate.C.Theycansensedanger. D.Theyofferlocationservices.2.WhomightbethepotentialusersofStayAlive?A.Pandemiccontacts B.Skincancerspatients.C.Emergencyrescuers, D.Mentalproblemsufferers.3.WhatisspecialaboutStJohnAmbulanceFirstAid?AItcaneventuallycureYourillness. B.CPRisconvenienttoperform.C.Networkconnectionisnotnecessary. D.Itoffersresourcesaboutdangers.【答案】1.D2.D3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些实用软件的功能。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Thisallowsemergencyservices—oranyoneelseyougivethelocationto-toreachyou.（这允许紧急服务部门或您提供位置的任何人联系您。）”以及第二段中“LotsofususeWhatsAppformessagingandcalling,butdoyouknowitalsohasaLiveLocationfeaturethatcanletalovedoneknowyourwhereaboutsincaseyou'reindanger?（我们很多人都用WhatsApp发短信和打电话，但你知道它还有一个实时定位功能，可以让爱人知道你的下落，以防你遇到危险吗？）”可知，两款软件的共同点在于，都有位置功能，故选择D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Withmentalhealthproblemsontheincrease,nothelpedbythepandemic,thisappcouldbeextremelyhelpful.（随着心理健康问题的增加，而没有得到普遍的帮助，这个应用程序可能非常有用。）”可知，StayAlive主要帮助那些有精神疾病的人，故选择D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Youdon’thavetohaveanInternetconnectioninordertouseit.（你不需要有互联网连接就可以使用它。）”可知，圣约翰救护车急救程序的特别之处在于可以不需要网络，故选择C项。BAnIndonesianlibrarianislendingbookstochildreninexchangefortrashtheycollectinanovelwaytocleanuptheenvironmentandgetthekidstoreadmore.EachweekdayRadenridesherthree-wheelerwithbookspiledupatthebackforchildreninMuntangvillagetoexchangeforplasticcups,bagsandotherwastethatshecarriesback.ShetoldReutersshetargetstopromotereadinginthekidsaswellasmakethemawareoftheenvironment.Assoonassheshowsup.littlechildren,manyaccompaniedbytheirmothers,surroundher"TrashLibrary"andclamourforthebooks.TheyareallcarryingtrashbagsandRaden'sthree-wheelerquicklyfillsupwiththemasthebooksflyout.She'shappythekidsaregoingtospendlesstimeononlinegamesasaresult.Kevin,akeen11-vearoldreader,searchedforwastelyinginthevillage."Whenthereistoomuchtrash,ourenvironmentwillbecomedirtyandit'snothealthy.That'swhyIlookfortrashtoborrowabook,"hesaid."Letusbuildacultureofliteracy（识字）fromyoungagetoreducetheharmoftheonlineworld."Radensaid,"Weshouldalsotakecareofourwasteinordertofightclimatechangeandtosavetheearthfromtrash"Shecollectsabout100kgofwasteeachweek,whichisthensortedoutbyhercolleaguesandsentforrecyclingorsold.Shehasastockof6,000bookstolendandwantstotakethemobileservicetoneighbouringareasaswell.Radensaid:"Theliteracyrateforabove-15-year-oldsinIndonesiaisaround96percent,butaSeptemberreportbytheWorldBankwarnedthatthepandemicwillleavemorethan80%of15-year-oldsbelowtheminimumreadingproficiencylevel."Andshewantedtodoherparttomakethingsbetter.4.WhatisRaden'spurposeofestablishingTrashLibrary?A.ToearnmoneyforTrashLibrarybysellingtrash.B.Todevelopthechildren'screativityfromyoungage.C.Toraisethekids'awarenessofenvironmentwhilereading.D.Topromotetherelationshipbetweenchildrenandmothers.5.WhatmadeKevinwillingtoborrowbookswithtrash?A.Passionforreading. B.Concernsaboutpollution.C.AddictiontotheInternet. D.Determinationtovolunteer.6.WhatisRaden'sattitudetotheyoung'sliteracyrateduringpandemic?A.Indifferent. B.Worried. C.Appreciative. D.Tolerant7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ANovelWaytoImproveLibrary B.TheIndonesianSystemforC.YourTrashBenefitingtheEnvironment D.YourCollectedTrashforOurBooks【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一名印尼图书管理员将图书借给孩子们，以换取他们收集的垃圾，这是为了清洁环境，让孩子们多读书。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“ShetoldReutersshetargetstopromotereadinginthekidsaswellasmakethemawareoftheenvironment.（她告诉路透社，她的目标是促进孩子们的阅读，并让他们意识到环境。）”可知Raden建立“垃圾图书馆”的目的是为了在阅读的同时提高孩子们的环境意识。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Whenthereistoomuchtrash,ourenvironmentwillbecomedirtyandit'snothealthy.That'swhyIlookfortrashtoborrowabook（当有太多的垃圾，我们的环境会变得肮脏，它不健康。这就是我找垃圾借书的原因）”可知出于对污染的担忧，凯文愿意用垃圾来借书。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Radensaid:"Theliteracyrateforabove-15-year-oldsinIndonesiaisaround96percent,butaSeptemberreportbytheWorldBankwarnedthatthepandemicwillleavemorethan80%of15-year-oldsbelowtheminimumreadingproficiencylevel."（Raden说:“印尼15岁以上儿童的识字率约为96%，但世界银行9月份的一份报告警告称，这场大流行将使80%以上的15岁儿童低于最低阅读水平。）”可知Raden担心大流行期间年轻人的识字率。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段“AnIndonesianlibrarianislendingbookstochildreninexchangefortrashtheycollectinanovelwaytocleanuptheenvironmentandgetthekidstoreadmore.（一名印尼图书管理员将图书借给孩子们，以换取他们收集的垃圾，这是为了清洁环境，让孩子们多读书。）”可知文章主要讲述的是为了使环境更加的清洁，图书管理员将图书借给孩子们以换取他们收集的垃圾。D项：YourCollectedTrashforOurBooks（用垃圾换书）合乎文章的题意，最适合作文章标题。故选D。CThedaysofstaringatthecomputerscreenpretendingtobeinterestedinanassignmenteventhoughyouareboredoutofyourmindmaysoonbecomingtoanend.That'sbecauseifDrHarryWitchel,DisciplineLeaderinPhysiologyatEngland'sBrightonandSussexButbeforeyougetconcerned,themachineisnotreadingyourmind.Itisjustkeepingtrackoftheconstantinvoluntary（无意识的）movementsthatpeopleexhibitwheninfrontofacomputerorevenatelevision.Thesearenotthebiggerinstrumentalactionslikemovingamouseorusingtheremote,butbarelynoticeablemovementslikescratching,fidgeting,orstretching.Witchelsaysthelevelofmovementisdirectlylinkedtohowabsorbedthepersonisinwhatheorsheisreadingorwatching.Thehighertheinterestlevel.thelessthemovement!Totestthetheory,Witchelandhisteaminvited27peopleandexposedthemtoavarietyofdigitalcontentforthreeminutesatatime.Theactivitiesrangedfromplayingonlinegamestoreadingdocumentslikethebankingregulationsthatmostpeoplewouldfindboring.Avideomotiontrackermonitoredtheirmovementsastheypoweredthrougheachassignment.Justastheresearchershadexpected,theinvoluntaryactionsdecreaseddramatically,byasmuchas42%,whentheparticipantsweretotallyabsorbedinwhattheywerereadingorseeing.Fortunately,thescientistsarenotplanningtousethefindingstocreatemachinesthatreportstudentswhoarenotfocusingatschool.Instead,theybelievethatcombiningthemotiondetectingtechnologywithfuturecomputerswillhelpenhancethedigitallearningexperience.Thescientistssaythatbeingabletomeasurethestudents'interestlevelwillenableeducatorstoadjustthematerialsreal-timeandre-engagethestudents.Witchelalsobelievesthatthetechnologycanprovidefilmmakerswithhonestaudienceopinions.8.AccordingtoDrHarry,whatwillfuturecomputersbeabletodo?A.Keepalearnerfromdistraction.B.Helpalearnerwithhisassignments.C.Readalearner'smindexactlyreal-time.D.Identifydullnessofalearnerandrespondtoit.9.Howdoesanabsorbedlearnertendtobehave?A.Laughandshoutexcitedly. B.Uselessenergyinanassignment.C.Performfewerinvoluntaryactions. D.Shownoticeablemovementsconstantly.10.Whatisthevalueofthistechnologyforeducators?A.Betteringtheirdigitallearningexperience. B.Introducingmorecomputersintoclass.C.Findingtheabsent-mindedstudentsinclass. D.Detectingwhatintereststhestudentsmost.11.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tointroduceanupcomingtechnology.B.Toupdateeducators'teachingconcept.C.Toshowwhatlearningwillbelikeinthefuture.D.Toexplainhowlifewillbeshapedbytechnology.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种未来的计算机，这种计算机可以记录人们在电脑甚至电视前所表现出的持续的无意识的运动，探测出人们何时感到厌烦，注意力减退，甚至还可以做出实时反应。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ifDrHarryWitchel,DisciplineLeaderinPhysiologyatEngland'sBrightonandSussexMedicalSchool,hashisway,computersofthefuturewillbeabletodetectboredomandevenreacttoitreal-time.(如果英国布莱顿和苏塞克斯医学院生理学学科负责人哈里·威奇尔博士能够如愿以偿，未来的计算机将能够发现无聊，甚至实时做出反应。)”可知，Dr.HarryWitchel希望未来的电脑将能够探测到无聊感，甚至做出实时反应。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Justastheresearchershadexpected,theinvoluntaryactionsdecreaseddramatically,byasmuchas42%,whentheparticipantsweretotallyabsorbedinwhattheywerereadingorseeing.(正如研究人员所预期的那样，当受试者完全沉浸在他们所读或所看的内容中时，无意识行为出人意料地减少了42%。)”可知，一个专注的学习者常常会减少无意识动作。故选C。10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Thescientistssaythatbeingabletomeasurethestudents'interestlevelwillenableeducatorstoadjustthematerialsreal-timeandre-engagethestudents.(科学家们说，如果能够测量学生的兴趣水平，将使教育工作者能够实时调整材料，并重新吸引学生。)”可知，这项科技对于教育工作者的价值是能够发现学生们最感兴趣的东西。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“computersofthefuturewillbeabletodetectboredomandevenreacttoitreal-time(未来的计算机将能够发现无聊，甚至实时做出反应)”和第二段的“Itisjustkeepingtrackoftheconstantinvoluntary（无意识的）movementsthatpeopleexhibitwheninfrontofacomputerorevenatelevision.(它只是记录人们在电脑甚至电视前表现出的无意识的运动。)”和下文内容可知，文章介绍了一种未来的计算机，这种计算机可以记录人们在电脑甚至电视前所表现出的持续的无意识的运动，探测出人们何时感到厌烦，注意力减退，甚至还可以做出实时反应。因此推断作者的写作目的是介绍一种未来的科技。故选A。DArecentstudyhasfollowedtheorigins,orbeginningsofthefamilyoflanguagesthatincludemodernJapanese,Korean,TurkishandMongolian.ThefindingsshowasharedgeneticancestorforthehundredsofmillionsofpeoplewhospeakwhattheresearcherscallTranseurasian(跨欧亚的)languages.SuchlanguageshadtheiroriginwithmilletfarmerswholivedinanareainnortheasternChinaabout9,000yearsago.Milletisasmall,roundwholegrain.Itwasanimportantearlycropashunter-gatherersbecamefarmers.Thestudy’sfindingsshowhowtheuseofagriculturefollowingtheIceAgepoweredthemovementsofsomeoftheworld’smajorlanguagefamilies.Theresearchhighlightsthecomplexbeginningsofmodernpopulationsandcultures.MartineRobbeets,headoftheArchaeolinguisticResearchGroup,saidpeopleoftenthinkofJapan,KoreaandChinaaspowerfulnationsrepresentingonelanguage,onecultureandonepeople.“Alllanguages,culturesandhumans,includingthoseinAsia,aremixed.”Robbeetssaid.“Acceptingthattherootsofone’slanguage,cultureorpeopleliebeyondthepresentnationalboundariesistosurrenderidentity,whichsomepeoplearenotyetpreparedtomake.”Theresearchersstudieddataofvocabularyfromthe98languages.Theyidentifiedagroupofwordsrelatedtoagricultureandcreatedalanguagefamilytree.Theresearchersexamineddatafrom255archaeologicalsitesinChina,Japan,KoreaandeasternRussia.Theystudiedancientobjectsincludingpottery,stonetoolsandplantandanimalremains.Theyalsoincludedthedatingof269ancientcropremainsfromdifferentareas.TheresearchersfoundthatfarmersinnortheasternChinaeventuallygrewriceandwheatalongwithmillet.ThecropsspreadalongwithfarmingpopulationstoKoreabyabout1300BCandfromtheretoJapanafterabout1000BC.AstheancientfarmersmovedacrossnortheasternAsia,relatedlanguagesspreadintoSiberia,12.AccordingtothestudywhatdoTranseurasianlanguagesoriginatefrom?A.IceAgepeople. B.AncientJapanese.C.Ancientmilletfarmers. D.Earlyhunter-gatherers.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“surrender”probablymeaninparagraph3?A.giveup B.maintain C.takein D.destroy14.Howdotheresearchersconducttheirstudy?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Byanalyzingsomestatistics.C.Bysettingdowngeneralrules. D.Bydoinganexperiment.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Foodhasacloserelationshipwithculturediversity.B.AlargelanguagefamilyhasancientoriginsinChina.C.Humanactivitiesleadtodifferentlanguagemovements.D.Theresearchonthelanguagefamily’sbeginningscounts.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个最新的研究表明，一个庞大的语系——跨欧亚语系起源于中国。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“SuchlanguageshadtheiroriginwithmilletfarmerswholivedinanareainnortheasternChinaabout9,000yearsago.”(这些语言起源于9000年前中国东北地区种植小米的农民。)可知，研究表明，跨欧亚的语言起源于古代种植小米的农民，故选C。2.词义猜测题。根据划线单词前面的内容“Acceptingthattherootsofone’slanguage,cultureorpeopleliebeyondthepresentnationalboundaries”(接受一个人的语言、文化或民族的根源在当前的国界之外)以及下文“whichsomepeoplearenotyetpreparedtomake.”(有些人还没有做好准备这么做)可知，有些人不愿意承认自己的语言、文化或民族的根源在当前的国界之外，所以可以推断出，如果承认此观点，就意味着要放弃身份认同，由此可知，划线单词“surrender”表示“放弃”，与选项A“giveup”(放弃)符合，B.maintain维护；C.takein吸收；D.destroy破坏，均不符，故选A。3.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Theresearchersstudieddataofvocabularyfromthe98languages.”(研究人员研究了98种语言的词汇数据)可知，研究人员通过研究一些数据来进行实验的，故选B。4.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“TheresearchersfoundthatfarmersinnortheasternChinaeventuallygrewriceandwheatalongwithmillet.ThecropsspreadalongwithfarmingpopulationstoKoreabyabout1300BCandfromtheretoJapanafterabout1000BC.AstheancientfarmersmovedacrossnortheasternAsia,relatedlanguagesspreadintoSiberia,KoreaandJapanoverthousandsofyears.”(研究人员发现，中国东北的农民最终在种植谷子的同时种植水稻和小麦。大约在公元前1300年，作物随着种植农业的人们传播到韩国，公元前1000年左右，从韩国传播到日本。随着古代农民穿越东北亚，相关语言在数千年间传播到西伯利亚，朝鲜和日本。)可知，文章主要讲述了一个最新的研究表明，一个庞大的语系——跨欧亚语系起源于中国，所以B选项“AlargelanguagefamilyhasancientoriginsinChina.”(一个庞大的语系起源于中国。)是文章的主旨大意，故选第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowSuccessfulPeopleSpendtheLastHourofTheirWorkdayAsthehoursofpeakproductivitystarttodecline,mostofusbeginwatchingtheclock,eagertogetawayfromourdesks.Butendingtheworkdaywithpurposecanboostsuccessbothinsideandoutsideoftheoffice,whichhelpsustoworktomorrow.____16____Manyofusspendourlasthourofworkmakingato-dolistfortomorrow.____17____“Thelasthourofadayshouldbespentonreflection—thefailuresandsuccesses,”saysLevin,foundingeditorofRealLeaders.Herecommendswritingdowntheday’swinsratherthanfailuresorto-dos,andreviewingyourlistofsuccessesonceamonth.Thechancesarethatalongdayofmeetingsanddecision-makingleavesyoufeelingcompletelyfriedbyfourorfiveo’clock.However,westillhopeourlasthourofworkiseffectiveandefficient.____18____Thesetaskswon’tdemandmuchbrainpower,butresearchshowstheycouldmakeabigdifferencetoyouroverallproductivity.Successfulpeopleneverbringtheday’sfailureshome.Instead,theyendtheirdaybymakinganalysisoftheproblemstheyencountered,brainstormingpossiblesolutions.____19____Wakingupwithapurposefulgoalinmindcanmakethemfeelmoreactivetothefirstitemthathappenstothem.Eventually,theywilldealwiththoseproblemswithrenewedenergyafteragoodnight'ssleep____20____Ifyourdayoftenwindsdownbyfourorfiveo’clock,Levinrecommendstakingadvantageofthequiettimebycheckinginwithyourself,itcanincludeplanningyournexttasksorlearningthelatestcontentinyourfield.A.Andthenleavethemfortomorrow.B.Thus,putthemintopracticeassoonaspossible.C.Successfulpeoplereviewthedaytheyjusthad,instead.D.Youhavetoincreaseyourproductivitytomeetyourdeadline.E.It'sbettertoknockoutsmallprojectsliketidyingupyourdeskF.Wecanlearnhowsuccessfulpeoplespendthelasthouroftheirworkday.G.Likeregularcheck-inswithyourboss,scheduleadailymeetingwithyourself.【答案】16.F17.C18.E19.A20.G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了成功人士一天中最后的时间安排。【16题详解】根据上文“endingtheworkdaywithpurposecanboostsuccessbothinsideandoutsideoftheoffice,whichhelpsustoworktomorrow.（有目的地结束工作日可以促进办公室内外的成功，这有助于我们明天的工作。）”可知，文章要谈论的是一天中最后的时间如何度过，设空位置位于首段的段尾通常具有承上启下的作用，由此可知，F项“我们可以了解成功人士如何度过工作日的最后一个小时。”符合题意，故选择F项。【17题详解】根据下文““Thelasthourofadayshouldbespentonreflection—thefailuresandsuccesses,”saysLevin,foundingeditorofRealLeaders.（一天的最后一个小时应该花在反思失败和成功上，”RealLeaders创始编r辑Levin说。）”可知，这里说的是成功人士会反思自己度过的一天，C项“相反，成功人士会回顾他们刚刚拥有的一天。”符合题意，故选择C项。【18题详解】根据下文“Thesetaskswon'tdemandmuchbrainpower,butresearchshowstheycouldmakeabigdifferencetoyouroverallproductivity.（这些任务不需要太多的脑力，但研究表明，它们可以大大提高你的整体生产力。）”可知，上文说的是可以做一些小事情，E项“最好完成一些小项目，比如整理桌子”符合题意，故选择E项。【19题详解】根据上文“Successfulpeopleneverbringtheday'sfailureshome.Instead,theyendtheirdaybymakinganalysisoftheproblemstheyencountered,brainstormingpossiblesolutions.（成功的人从不把一天的失败带回家。相反，他们通过分析所遇到的问题，集思广益，寻找可能的解决方案来结束一天的工作。）”可知，这里说的是分析问题，寻找解决方案，然后留到明天去做，A项“然后把它们留到明天。”符合题意，选项中的them指的就是上文中的solutions，故选择A项。【20题详解】根据下文“Ifyourdayoftenwindsdownbyfourorfiveo’clock,Levinrecommendstakingadvantageofthequiettimebycheckinginwithyourself,itcanincludeplanningyournexttasksorlearningthelatestcontentinyourfield.（如果你的一天通常在四点或五点结束，Levin建议利用安静的时间与自己联系，这可以包括计划你的下一个任务或学习你所在领域的最新内容。）”可知，这一段主要说的是结束一天的任务后留一段时间给自己，G项“像定期与上司会面一样，安排每天与自己会面。”符合题意，故选择G项。第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Mymother,whoisshort,fatandwhite-haired,looksjustlikemanygrandmothers.Sheseldomdid____21____stuffasshecomesfromanoldtraditionalfamily.Thatall____22____afewyearsago.Shebeganto____23____myolderbrotherandmewithboutsofwhatshedescribedas"independence."Inearly2015,theyearsheturned75,she____24____usshe'dbookedaseven-nighttriptoTurkey.Alone.Shehadneverbeen.Ofcourse,thatwas____25____,sotherewasnowaymybrotherandIcouldallowthat.Suchalittleoldlady____26____thestreetsofIstanbulonherown,notspeakingawordofTurkish,withno____27____ofthelawsandcustomsoftheland—itwasoutofthequestion!Shepaidnoattentiontous.Offshewent.Whenshereturned,shetoldusithadbeenawonderful____28____.Asitturnsout,shehadbarelyspentanytimealoneafter____29____ataxidrivertoshowheraroundIstanbulforafewdays.At77,shedida_____30_____thingwhileonaCaribbeancruisewithheryoungersister.Upon_____31_____inCuba,sheflaggeddownamotorcyclerickshawandhadthedriver"showheraroundtheisland"forseveralhours.Mymom's80th-birthdayskiingisjustthelatestexampleofherwildnewfound_____32_____.MybrotherandI_____33_____:Hadshebecomemad?ButMom'sindependenceseemstobethoughtfullybasedona（n）_____34_____thatlifeistobelived,andwhenthere'srelativelylittleofitleft,itneedstobelivednow.Thisphilosophy_____35_____meofthelinefromTheShawshankRedemption:"Getbusylivingorgetbusydying.”21.A.crazy B.familiar C.annoying D.disappointing22.A.mattered B.worked C.changed D.disappeared23.A.interest B.amuse C.surprise D.assist24.A.greeted B.informed C.forced D.urged25.A.suitable B.normal C.instant D.absurd26.A.describing B.wandering C.observing D.imagining27.A.knowledge B.communication C.solution D.comment28.A.skill B.dream C.success D.task29.A.sending B.hiring C.helping D.convincing30.A.reliable B.hopeful C.traditional D.similar31.A.living B.meeting C.arriving D.shopping32.A.commitment B.strategy C.adjustment D.independence33.A.recalled B.wondered C.admitted D.quarreled34.A.realization B.explanation C.decision D.experience35.A.cured B.warned C.relieved D.reminded【答案】21.A22.C23.C24.B25.D26.B27.A28.C29.B30.D31.C32.D33.B34.A35.D【解析】【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者的母亲在几年前发生了巨大的变化，由一个传统家庭的人变成了一个做事出乎作者意料的人。母亲的这些改变让作者想到了一句话“要么忙于生存，要么赶着死亡”。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为她来自于一个传统家庭，因此她很少做疯狂的事情。A.crazy疯狂的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.annoying烦人的；D.disappointing令人失望的。根据后文“asshecomesfromanoldtraditionalfamily”可知，传统家庭的人很少做疯狂的事情，故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这都在几年前发生了改变。A.mattered重要，起作用；B.worked生效，起作用；C.changed改变；D.disappeared消失。根据后文作者母亲独自去旅行，滑雪等可知，作者的母亲发生了改变，故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她做的几件自称为“独立”的事情，让我和哥哥感到很惊讶。A.interest使……感兴趣；B.amuse使……发笑；C.surprise使……感到惊讶；D.assist帮助。根据后文“Hadshebecomemad（她疯了吗）”可知，作者母亲这几件事让作者和哥哥很惊讶，无法相信，故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在2015年，她满75岁，她直接通知我她预定了一个土耳其的七日游。A.greeted打招呼，问候；B.informed通知，告知；C.forced强迫；D.urged督促，催促。根据后文作者和哥哥不允许母亲去，但是母亲坚持要去可知，此处表母亲直接告知作者，故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，这很荒谬，因为我和哥哥肯定不会答应的。A.suitable合适的；B.normal正常的；C.instant快速地；D.absurd荒谬的。根据后文“itwasoutofthequestion（这是不可能的）”可知，作者认为母亲独自去旅行这件事是荒谬的，可笑的，故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这么一个矮小的老年人独自游荡在Istanbul的街上，不会说土耳其语，也不懂得当地的法律和风俗。A.describing描述；B.wandering闲逛，漫步；C.observing观察；D.imagining想象。根据空后的“thestreet”可知，此处表示在外旅行时，在当地的街上闲逛，漫步，故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这么一个矮小的老年人独自游荡在Istanbul的街上，不会说土耳其语，也不懂得当地的法律和风俗。A.knowledge知识；B.communication交流；C.solution解决方法；D.comment评论。根据“notspeakingawordofTurkish”可知，作者母亲去国外旅行可知，此处表“不懂，不知道……”，表达为withnoknowledgeof…，故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她回来，她告诉我这次旅行是一次了不起的成功。A.skill技巧，技能；B.dream梦想；C.success成功；D.task任务。根据后文母亲租了个出租车司机带她到各地旅游可知，母亲这次旅行很成功，故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：原来母亲几乎没有一个人独处，她租了个出租车，让司机带着她在Istanbul各个景点旅行。A.sending发送；B.hiring租；C.helping帮助；D.convincing使……相信。根据后文“toshowheraroundIstanbul（带她在Istanbul游玩）”可知，此处表母亲租了个出租车，故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在77岁时，她做了一件类似疯狂的事，和她的妹妹在加勒比海巡游。A.reliable靠谱的，可靠的；B.hopeful有希望的；C.traditional传统的；D.similar相似的，类似的。根据后文母亲和她妹妹独自去巡游加勒比海可知，这件事和之前她独自去土耳其旅游是相似的，故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一到达古巴，她就拦下了一辆摩托人力车，让司机带她在岛上观光。A.living住；B.meeting遇到；C.arriving到达；D.shopping购物。根据后文“sheflaggeddownamotorcyclerickshaw”可知，她拦下一辆人力车可知，此处表“一到达古巴”，故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我母亲80岁的滑雪活动正是她最新“疯狂的独立”的例子。A.commitment承诺，保证；B.strategy策略；C.adjustment调整；D.independence独立。根据前文“shedescribedas"independence（她称之为独立）”可知，此处表示她疯狂独立的例子，故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和哥哥都想知道：她是不是疯了？A.recalled回忆；B.wondered疑惑，想知道；C.admitted承认；D.quarreled吵架。根据前文我和哥哥不理解也不支持她的这些行为，可知，我和哥哥感到很疑惑，故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是母亲的“独立”似乎是对生活的认真的领悟：生活就是要亲身去体验，当你没有太多剩余的时间话，就要立马去体验。A.realization意识，领悟；B.explanation解释；C.decision决定；D.experience经历，经验。根据空后“thatlifeistobelived,andwhenthere'srelativelylittleofitleft,itneedstobelivednow”可知，作者认为母亲是意识到了这个道理，所以就开始各个地方旅行，去亲身体验生活，故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一哲学让我想起了《肖申克的救赎》里的一句话：要么忙着活，要么忙着死。A.cured治愈；B.warned警告；C.relived使轻松；D.reminded使想起。根据前文作者母亲的对生活的理解可知，此处表示母亲对生活的态度让作者想起来这句话，故选D。第Ⅱ卷（满分55分）第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在题后空白处填入适当的内容（每空一词）或括号内单词的正确形式。China’swarepic“TheBattleatLakeChangin”wasreleasedincinemasacrosstheUKandIrelandonFriday,becoming____36____hitoftheweeklongNationalDayholiday.____37____hasmovedmanymoviegoerstotearsisthestoryofyoungwarriors____38____(risk)italltodefendtheirmotherland.SetintheSecondPhaseOffensiveoftheKoreanWar,“TheBattleatLakeChangjin”____39____(tell)ahistoricaltale:71yearsago,ChinesePeople’sVolunteerstroopscourageouslyfoughttheenemyunder____40____(extreme)freezingcoldenvironment.ThefilmpresentsafreshviewpointAccordingtofigures____42____(report)bytheXinhuaNewsAgency,ithasearnedmorethan5.62billionyuan($879million)sinceitspremiereinChinaonSeptember30.Itaccounts____43____around75percentoftotalholidayreceipts.Theaudiencesayitstirstheirnationalpride,makingthemwanttoshowtheir____44____(admire)totheCPVheroeswhohavedevoted_____45_____(they)tothecountry,andremindsthemtocherishtoday’speacefullife.【答案】36a37.What38.risking39.tells40.extremely41.which##that42.reported43.for44.admiration45.themselves【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了中国的战争史诗片《长津湖》【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：中国的战争史诗片《长津湖》周五在英国和爱尔兰的电影院上映，成为为期一周的国庆假期的热门影片。hit作“受欢迎的人（物）”时为可数名词，此处表泛指，且hit的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。【37题详解】考查主语从句。句意：让许多影迷感动落泪的是一个年轻战士的故事——冒着一切危险保卫祖国。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少主语从句连接词，结合句意可知what“所……的”符合题意，在从句中作主语，位于句首注意首字母大写，故填What。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，句中已含有谓语动词且没有连接词，此处需要使用非谓语，youngwarriors与risk之间为主动关系，使用现在分词作后置定语，故填risking。【39题详解】考查时态。句意：以朝鲜战争第二阶段攻势为背景的“长津湖之战”讲述了一个历史故事：71年前，中国人民志愿军在极端寒冷的环境下勇敢地与敌人作战。分析句子结构可知，此处需要使用谓语动词，陈述客观事实使用一般现在时，主语“TheBattleatLakeChangjin”为第三人称单数形式，谓语使用相应的第三人称单数形式，故填tells。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，此处需要使用副词修饰形容词作状语，故填extremely。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这部电影展现了一种前所未见的全新视角，重塑了我们已经习以为常的战争电影叙事。分析句子结构可知，此处使用了定语从句，先行词为viewpoint指物，在从句中作主语，要使用关系代词which/that，故填which/that。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据新华社报道的数字，自9月30日在中国首映以来，该剧已赚得56.2亿元人民币（8.79亿美元）。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，且没有连接词，此处使用非谓语动词，figures与report之间为被动关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，故填reported。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：它约占假期总收入的75%。观众们说，这激起了他们的民族自豪感，使他们想向为国家献身的中国志愿军英雄表示钦佩，该片也提醒他们珍惜今天的和平生活。短语accountfor“占比”符合题意，故填for。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，形容词性物主代词their后需要使用名词作宾语，故填admiration。【45题详解】考查反身代词。句意：同上。短语devoteoneselfto“献身于……”符合题意，故填themselves。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）46.假如你是李华，你校将组织同学们到市体育中心体验冬奥冰上项目：滑冰（skating）和冰壶（curling），请写封邮件邀请外教Mike参加，内容包括：1.邀请；2.时间、地点；3.活动内容。注意：1，写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答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