2022届黑龙江省绥化市明水县高三上学期12月月考英语试卷（解析版）

2022届黑龙江省绥化市明水县高三上学期月考英语试卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHistoricalfictionallowstheyoungtoexperiencehistoryinanentertainingway,tomeetpeopleortolearnaboutothertimesandplaces.Thefollowingaresomebookswhicharesuretobringyourchildrendifferentexperiences.CastleDiary:TheJournalofTobiasBurgessAuthor:RichardPlattIllustrator(插头画家):ChrisRiddellOverview(概要):Withanoversizeformatandwonderfullydetailedillustrations,youngreadersgetafirsthandviewofdailylifeinacastlein1285asTobiasBurgess,whois11yearsold,recountshisexperiencesasanewpage(男侍).Awards:Parents’ChoiceAwardsNotableSocialStudiesTradeBooksforYoungPeoplePublisher:CandlewickPressPublicationDate:1999JohnnyTremainAuthor:EstherForbesOverview:Setinthe1770s,thestoryofJohnnyTremain,a14-year-oldorphan,isadramaticone,focusingonhisinvolvementintheRevolutionaryWarandtheeffectithasonhislife.Award:1944JohnNewberyMedalPublisher:HoughtonMifflinHarcourtPublicationDate:1943TheEvolutionofCalpurniaTateAuthor:JacquelineKellyOverview:SetinTexasin1899,thisisthestoryofCalpurniaTatewhoismoreinterestedinscienceandnaturethaninlearningtobealadyandherlifewithherfamily,whichincludessixbrothers.Award:NewberyHonorBookPublisher:HenryHoltPublicationDate:2009AcrossFiveAprilsAuthor:IreneHuntOverview:ThisnovelcoversfiveyearsinthelifeofyoungJethroCreightonandfocusesonhowtheCivilWaraffectslifeforJethro,fromtheageof9to14,andhisfamilyontheirsouthernIllinoisfarm.Awards:Five,includingrecognitionasa1965NewberyHonorBookPublisher:FollettCorporationPublicationDate:19641.Whichtwopersonsshareasimilarlifeexperience?A.TobiasBurgess&JohnnyTremain. B.CalpurniaTate&JethroCreighton.C.TobiasBurgess&CalpurniaTate. D.JohnnyTremain&JethroCreighton.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutTheEvolutionofCalpurniaTate?A.It’sasciencefiction.B.Itsstoryhappensinacastle.C.Itsstoryfocusesonagirl’schildhood.D.It’sthelastbooktocomeoutamongthefour.3.Whichofthefollowingpublishesabookthatearnsthemostawards?A.HenryHolt B.FollettCorporationC.CandlewickPress D.HoughtonMifflinHarcourt【答案】1.D2.D3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本适合孩子们的读物。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据JohnnyTremain中的“thestoryofJohnnyTremain,a14-year-oldorphan,isadramaticone,focusingonhisinvolvementintheRevolutionaryWarandtheeffectithasonhislife.”（14岁的孤儿约翰尼·特雷曼（JohnnyTremain）的故事是一个戏剧性的故事，集中讲述了他参与革命战争以及战争对他生活的影响。），以及AcrossFiveAprils中的“ThisnovelcoversfiveyearsinthelifeofyoungJethroCreightonandfocusesonhowtheCivilWaraffectslifeforJethro,fromtheageof9to14,andhisfamilyontheirsouthernIllinoisfarm.”（这部小说讲述了年轻的杰思罗·克雷顿五年的生活，重点讲述了内战如何影响杰思罗，从9岁到14岁，以及他在伊利诺伊州南部农场的家人的生活。），可知这两本书的主人公的生活都受到了内战的影响。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。CastleDiary:TheJournalofTobiasBurgess中的“PublicationDate:1999”（出版日期：1999年），JohnnyTremain中的“PublicationDate:1943”（出版日期：1943年），TheEvolutionofCalpurniaTate中的“PublicationDate:2009”（出版日期：2009年）和AcrossFiveAprils中的“PublicationDate:1964”（出版日期：1964年），可知TheEvolutionofCalpurniaTate的出版时间最晚。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。由AcrossFiveAprils中的“Awards:Five,includingrecognitionasa1965NewberyHonorBook”（奖项：5项，其中包括1965年纽伯里荣誉书）和“Publisher:FollettCorporation”（出版商：福利特公司）可知，FollettCorporation出版的这本书是四本书中获奖最多的。故选B项。BYearsago,IappearedonstagewiththeRoyalMelbournePhilharmonicChoir(合唱团)intheTownHall.ThereIwas,myfeetinplainshoes,sweatdirtyingmycleanwhiteshirt,singingmyheartoutinfrontofthebigorgan.Istillhaveataperecordingofthatperformancesomewhere,whereIswearIcanhearmyselfsinging,highandthinandpossiblyoff-key.ButlifegotinthewayandIstoppedsinging.Then,inthesummerof2019,Ifoundmyselffacingsomegloominmyownlife.Itfeltasifithadbeenalongtimebetweensongs,asiftherewassomethingunsung,someabsentmusicinmyears.IbegantofearImightbemakingmyselfillandunabletobreatheinanormalway.Couldsinginghelpmereclaimmyvoiceandcalmmyfast-beatingheart?ResearchfromtheRoyalSocietynotedthat“groupsingingcanimprovephysicalandmentalhealth,aswellaspromotesocialbonds”.So,ratherthanlettingmyunsungtunesstrangle(扼杀)me,Idecidedtotakeonanewchoralexperience,onebeingintheBigFeministSing,acommunitychoir.“Ifyoudon’tknowwhattosing,”thechoirdirectorsaid,“findsomeonewholooksconfidentandgoandstandnexttothem.”Findafriendifyou’reintrouble;takearisk;useyourvoice;bepartofsomethingbiggerthanyourself.I’vebeensinginginthechoireversince,becausegroupsinginggivesmeasenseofsecurity—andeachrehearsal(排练)isalifeline,aconnectedthread,anintakeofairworkingtowardacollectivevoice.Itdoesn’tmatterifIamabitoff-keytostartwith.Decadesofunsungsituationshavechanged,andIhaveflown.4.HowdidtheauthorfeelduringherperformanceintheTownHall?A.Thrilled.B.Confident.C.Nervous.D.Curious.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“somegloominmyownlife”inparagraph2referto?A.Somethingunsunginauthor’slife.B.Somedifficultyinauthor’slife.C.Somediseasethatstoppedtheauthorsinging.D.Somethingsaffectingtheauthor’svoice.6.Whatdoestheauthorlearnfromherlatestchoirexperience?A.Findingatruefriendisnevereasy.B.Thechoirdirector’spositioncounts.C.Teamworkhasbenefitedheralot.D.Singingaloneimprovesherhealth.7.Whydidtheauthorworkonthechoir?A.Togetasenseofsecurityoutofsinging.B.Tomakechangesfromstageexperiences.C.Totastemusicinachoir.D.Toenjoytheamazingpowerofgroupsinging.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者一唱歌就是紧张到跑调，于是为了享受合唱的神奇力量，作者加入了一个合唱团，受益匪浅。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“ThereIwas,myfeetinplainshoes,sweatdirtyingmycleanwhiteshirt,singingmyheartoutinfrontofthebigorgan.(我站在那里，穿着平底鞋的脚，汗水弄脏了我干净的白衬衫，在大风琴前唱出了我的心声)”和第三句“Istillhaveataperecordingofthatperformancesomewhere,whereIswearIcanhearmyselfsinging,highandthinandpossiblyoff-key.(我在某处还保留着那场演出的录音带，我发誓我能听到自己高高低低地唱着歌，可能是走调)”可知，作者在市政厅演出时感到紧张。故选C。【5题详解】短语猜测题。根据第二段第三“Itfeltasifithadbeenalongtimebetweensongs,asiftherewassomethingunsung,someabsentmusicinmyears.(感觉好像在两首歌之间隔了很长时间，好像有什么东西在我耳边默默无闻，有些音乐在我耳边缺席)”和最后一句“IbegantofearImightbemakingmyselfillandunabletobreatheinanormalway.(我开始担心自己可能会生病，无法正常呼吸)”可知，“somegloominmyownlife”是指作者生活中的一些困难。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“I’vebeensinginginthechoireversince,becausegroupsinginggivesmeasenseofsecurity(从那以后我一直在唱诗班唱歌，因为集体唱歌给我一种安全感)”可知，作者从她最近的合唱团经历中学到团队合作使她受益匪浅。故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据倒第二段第二句中的“groupsingingcanimprovephysicalandmentalhealth,aswellaspromotesocialbonds(集体唱歌可以增进身心健康，也可以增进社会联系)”和第三句“So,ratherthanlettingmyunsungtunesstrangle(扼杀)me,Idecidedtotakeonanewchoralexperience,onebeingintheBigFeministSing,acommunitychoir.”(所以，与其让我的无名歌曲扼杀我，我决定采取一个新的合唱经验——在社区合唱团BigFeministSing唱歌)”可知，作者参加合唱团是为了享受合唱的神奇力量。故选D。CIfonemorepersontalksaboutthebenefitsofmindfulness,Iwillthrowcabbageatthem.Justkidding.ButIdohavelotsofcabbagehappilyrottingawayinmy,kitchenthankstothewellnessobsession(着迷)thatfailedtokeepmyattention.Thisisasymptomofaphenomenonknownas“wellnesstiredness”.Wellnessisseriouslybigbusinesswithaworthof$3.72trillionandahealthyannualgrowthof14percent.Tosatisfythisconsumingdesire,brandsofsuperfoodsandvariousexerciseclassescrowdin.“Theproblemwithallthisconstantlychanginginformationonwhattoeatorwhichexerciseclasstotakeisthatpeoplebegintoformdistorted(扭曲的)mindsetstowardstheideaofahealthylifestyle,”explainsDrBijal,apsychologistatNightingaleIt’slittlewonderthatmanypeoplearebeginningtorejecttheideaofwellnessandthelifestyleitadvocates.“Ican’ttellyouthenumberofwellnessaccountsI’veunfollowedonInstagram”onefitness-enthusiastfriendtellsme.WhenIaskherwhy,shetellsmethatthepublicpursuit(追求)ofwellnesshasreached“theeye-rollstage”.Meanwhile,salesoffitnesstrackersandwearablewellnessthingshavedroppedsharply.Speakingofgymculture,whichoffersclasseslikeHulaHoopandYoga,it’salsobeginningtoshowsignsthatpeoplearereturningtomoreconventionalformsofexercise-somethatwouldn’tlookoutofplaceonaschooltimetable.Thewholepointofwellnessisthatitshouldbecomesuchaneverydaythingthatyouforgetaboutseekingit.Livingahealthylifestylebecomesagivenratherthansomethingsingledoutasimpressiveandworthapplauding.Now,morepeoplearestartingtocycletoandfromwork,swimonlunchbreaksandeventrytobuyoldschoolexercisebikes.8.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph2?A.Thewellnessbusinesscostspeopleagreatdealofmoney.B.Peoplearefacedwithtoomanyfoodandexercisechoices.C.Distortedmindsetstowellnesscauseharmfulconsequences.D.Thewellnessindustryhasbeendevelopingatasteadyspeed.9.Whyistheauthor’sfriendmentionedinparagraph3?A.Toinformuswearablewellnessthingsarenotpopular.B.Toadvocatetheideaofwellnessandahealthylifestyle.C.Totellusthatonlinewellnessaccountsarehardtofollow.D.Toshowthepublic’sunfavorableattitudetowellnessobsession.10.Whyarepeoplestartingtoreturntotraditionalformsofexercise?A.Sportssuchascyclingaremoreimpressive.B.Peoplearetreatingwellnessasaneverydaything.C.ClasseslikeHulaHoopandYogaaretooexpensive.D.Peoplehavecometoknowwellnessisnotsonecessary.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetextr?A.TheImportanceofLivingaHealthyLifestyleB.AreYouSufferingfromWellnessTiredness?C.TheBenefitsofMindfulnessinWellnessIndustryD.WhatistheRealMeaningofWellnessObsession?【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了健康是一项大生意，价值3.72万亿美元，每年健康增长14%。为了满足这种消费欲望，各种品牌的超级食品和各种各样的健身班蜂拥而入。因此导致了“健康疲劳”的现象，人们开始对健康生活方式的想法形成扭曲的心态。文章说明了这种现象对人们健康生活的影响和危害。建议人们将把健康当作一件日常的事情。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Theproblemwithallthisconstantlychanginginformationonwhattoeatorwhichexerciseclasstotakeisthatpeoplebegintoformdistortedmindsetstowardstheideaofahealthylifestyle,”explainsDrBijal,apsychologistatNightingaleHospital.“Theleastharmfulresultofadistortedmindsetwillbeconfusion.Themostharmfulwouldbeseriousphysicalandmentaldisorderslikeextremedietingorover-exercising.”可知“这些不断变化的关于吃什么或参加什么运动课程的信息的问题是，人们开始对健康生活方式的想法形成扭曲的心态。”南丁格尔医院的心理学家Bijal博士解释说，“心态扭曲带来的危害最小的结果就是混乱。最有害的是严重的生理和心理疾病，比如极端节食或过度锻炼。”由此可知，第二段的主旨大意是扭曲的健康心态会导致有害的后果。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中It’slittlewonderthatmanypeoplearebeginningtorejecttheideaofwellnessandthelifestyleitadvocates.“Ican’ttellyouthenumberofwellnessaccountsI’veunfollowedonInstagram,”onefitness-enthusiastfriendtellsme.WhenIaskherwhy,shetellsmethatthepublicpursuit(追求)ofwellnesshasreached“theeye-rollstage”.可知难怪许多人开始拒绝健康的概念和它所倡导的生活方式。一位健身爱好者朋友告诉我：“我无法告诉你我在Instagram上公开的健康账户数量。当我问她为什么，她告诉我，公众对健康的追求已经到了“眼花缭乱阶段”。由此可推知，在第三段提到作者的朋友是为了表明公众对健康问题的不满。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段Thewholepointofwellnessisthatitshouldbecomesuchaneverydaythingthatyouforgetaboutseekingit.Livingahealthylifestylebecomesagivenratherthansomethingsingledoutasimpressiveandworthapplauding.Now,morepeoplearestartingtocycletoandfromwork,swimonlunchbreaksandeventrytobuyoldschoolexercisebikes.可知健康的全部意义在于，它应该成为一件你忘记去追求的日常事情。健康的生活方式成为了一种给予，而不是什么令人印象深刻和值得称赞的事情。现在，越来越多的人开始骑车上下班，在午休时间游泳，甚至尝试购买老式学校的健身自行车。由此可知，人们开始回归传统的锻炼方式因为人们把健康当作一件日常的事情。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Theproblemwithallthisconstantlychanginginformationonwhattoeatorwhichexerciseclasstotakeisthatpeoplebegintoformdistortedmindsetstowardstheideaofahealthylifestyle,”explainsDrBijal,apsychologistatNightingaleHospital.“Theleastharmfulresultofadistortedmindsetwillbeconfusion.Themostharmfulwouldbeseriousphysicalandmentaldisorderslikeextremedietingorover-exercising.”可知“这些不断变化的关于吃什么或参加什么运动课程的信息的问题是，人们开始对健康生活方式的想法形成扭曲的心态。”南丁格尔医院的心理学家Bijal博士解释说，“心态扭曲带来的危害最小的结果就是混乱。最有害的是严重的生理和心理疾病，比如极端节食或过度锻炼。”结合文章说明了健康是一项大生意，价值3.72万亿美元，每年健康增长14%。为了满足这种消费欲望，各种品牌的超级食品和各种各样的健身班蜂拥而入。因此导致了“健康疲劳”的现象，人们开始对健康生活方式的想法形成扭曲的心态。文章说明了这种现象对人们健康生活的影响和危害。建议人们将把健康当作一件日常的事情。故B选项“你是否正在忍受着养生疲劳？”符合文章最佳标题。故选B。【点睛】易错分析4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetextr?A.TheImportanceofLivingaHealthyLifestyleB.AreYouSufferingfromWellnessTiredness?C.TheBenefitsofMindfulnessinWellnessIndustryDWhatistheRealMeaningofWellnessObsession?本题属于主旨大意题之标题确定题，属深层理解题，它要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析主人公的特定心态、文章大意及作者的写作意图。在此基础上，还应做到概括性、针对性、醒目性的有机结合。学生易错选A选项“健康生活方式的重要性”，A选项属于以偏概全，文章的中心思想还是围绕着“养生疲劳”展开的。根据第二段中“Theproblemwithallthisconstantlychanginginformationonwhattoeatorwhichexerciseclasstotakeisthatpeoplebegintoformdistortedmindsetstowardstheideaofahealthylifestyle,”explainsDrBijal,apsychologistatNightingaleHospital.“Theleastharmfulresultofadistortedmindsetwillbeconfusion.Themostharmfulwouldbeseriousphysicalandmentaldisorderslikeextremedietingorover-exercising.”可知“这些不断变化的关于吃什么或参加什么运动课程的信息的问题是，人们开始对健康生活方式的想法形成扭曲的心态。”南丁格尔医院的心理学家Bijal博士解释说，“心态扭曲带来的危害最小的结果就是混乱。最有害的是严重的生理和心理疾病，比如极端节食或过度锻炼。”结合文章说明了健康是一项大生意，价值3.72万亿美元，每年健康增长14%。为了满足这种消费欲望，各种品牌的超级食品和各种各样的健身班蜂拥而入。因此导致了“健康疲劳”的现象，人们开始对健康生活方式的想法形成扭曲的心态。文章说明了这种现象对人们健康生活的影响和危害。建议人们将把健康当作一件日常的事情。故B选项“你是否正在忍受着养生疲劳？”符合文章最佳标题。故选B。DInthenearfutureIOT(Internetof'Things)willdrivehugeinnovation(革新)inthewayourfoodisgrown.Plantswillhavea"voice",notahumanvoice,butavoicebasedondatathatcantellpeople,computers,andmachineswhen,forexample,theyarethirsty,orneedmoresun,medicine,etc.Takevertical(垂直的)farmsforexample.Farmingismovingindoorswherethegrowthofplantscanbemonitoredandcontrolled.Thefacilitiesarebuiltvertically,sogrowingareascanbeputinpiles.Thisgreatlyreducestheamountoflandneededforfarming.FromanIOTpointofview,verticalfarmsareconnectedintwoways.First,smallsensors(传感器)inthesoilorconnectedtoplantstellacontrolsystemexactlyhowmuchlight,water,andnutrientsareneededtogrowthehealthiestcrops.Sensorswillalsotellverticalfarmerswhencropsarenearingtheirpeakforharvestingatjusttherighttimetomakesureit'sstillfreshwhenitreachesitsfinaldestination.Second,verticalfarmswillbeconnectedtoothernetworksandinformationsystems,includingdatabasesthattracklocaldemand.Forexample,localrestaurantsmayinputwhentheyneedfreshfoodsupplies.Andverticalfarmerscouldgetthatinformationsotheyknowwhichcropstogrowinwhatquantities.ThistypeofIOTsystemwouldhavebeenunimaginableagenerationago.Today,verticalfarmsarebeingexperimented.Yet,thenumberspointtoabrightfuturefortheindustry,especiallyastheworld'spopulationcontinuestogrow.Forexample,GreenSenseFarmsinChicagoisabletoharvestcrops26timesayearusing85percentlessenergy,one-tenththewater,andnopesticides.AsidebenefitoflowerenergyuseislowerCO,outputoftwotonspermonth,withtheaddedbenefitofcreating46poundsofoxygeneveryday.12.Howdosensorsattachedtoplantswork?A.Byrecordingfarmersharvestingcrops.B.Bymonitoringfarmersworkingintheirfield.C.BypassinginformationontoacontrolsystemD.Byanalyzinginformationtopreservecrops.13.WhatcantheIOTsystemhelptodoaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Expandtheoutputofcrops. B.Moverestaurantsontofarms.C.Determinetheneedsoffarmers. D.Matchsupplywithdemand.14.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureofverticalfarming?A.Hopeful. B.Unconcerned.C.Negative D.Doubtful,15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.VoicemachineshelpplantsspeakupB.Farmersareallturningtoverticalfarming.C.VerticalfarmsdrivenbyIOTareafutureforagriculture.D.IOThasbroughtgreatinnovationtoourfuturelife.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章以“垂直农场”为例，介绍了在不久的将来，物联网将推动粮食种植方式的巨大创新与深刻变革。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“First,smallsensorsinthesoilorconnectedtoplantstellacontrolsystemexactlyhowmuchlight,water,andnutrientsareneededtogrowthehealthiestcrops.”（首先，置于土壤中或与植物直接相连的小型传感器会向控制系统准确告知种植出最健康的作物需要多少光、水和养分）可知，附着在植物上的传感器是通过把信息传递给控制系统（Bypassinginformationontoacontrolsystem）而工作的。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段前三句“Second,verticalfarmswillbeconnectedtoothernetworksandinformationsystems,includingdatabasesthattracklocaldemand.Forexamplelocalrestaurantsmayinputwhentheyneedfreshfoodsupplies.Andverticalfarmerscouldgetthatinformationsotheyknowwhichcropstogrowinwhatquantities.”（再者，垂直农场将与其他网络和信息系统相连，包括追踪当地需求的数据库。例如，当地餐馆需要新鲜食品供应时可以输入相关需求。进行垂直种植的农民可以得到这些信息，这样他们就知道该种植哪种作物）可推断，物联网可以将供应和需求相匹配（Matchsupplywithdemand）。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。本题要求判断作者的观点态度，根据最后一段第二句“Yet,thenumberspointtoabrightfuturefortheindustryespeciallyastheworld'spopulationcontinuestogrow.”（然而，这些数字表明了该行业的光明前景，尤其是在世界人口持续增长的情况下）可知，abrightfuture（光明前景）是关键词，作者对垂直农场充满了希望（hopeful），故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章围绕“物联网驱动下的垂直农场”展开，各段详细讲述了它的未来应用，根据第一段第一句“Inthenearfuture,IOT(InternetofThings)willdrivehugeinnovationinthewayourfoodisgrown.”（在不久的将来，物联网将推动粮食种植方式的巨大创新变革）和第二段第一句“Takeverticalfarms,forexample”（以垂直农场为例）可知，这篇文章主要是讲由物联网驱动的垂直农场是农业的未来（VerticalfarmsdrivenbyIOTareafutureforagriculture），C选项概括精准，故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wordshavethepowertobuildusuportearusdown.Itdoesn'tmatterifthewordscomefromourselvesorsomeoneelse.Thepositiveandnegativeeffectsarejustaslasting.___16___We'reusuallytooembarrassedtoadmitit,though.Infact,wereallyshouldn'tbebecausemoreandmoreexpertsbelievetalkingtoourselvesoutloudisahealthyhabit.This''self-talk''helpsusmotivateourselves,rememberthings,solveproblems,andcalmourselvesdown.Beaware,though,thatasmuchas77%ofself-talktendstobenegative.___17___Often,wordscomeoutofourmouthswithoutusthinkingabouttheeffecttheywillhave.Butweshouldbeawarethatourwordscausecertainresponsesinothers.Forexample,whenreturninganitemtoastore,wemightusewarm,friendlylanguageduringtheexchange.Andtheclerkwillprobablyrespondinasimilarmanner.___18___Wordspossesspowerbecauseoftheirlastingeffect.Manyofusregretsomethingweoncesaid.Werememberunkindwordssaidtousaswell.Beforespeaking,weshouldalwaysaskourselves:___19___Ifwhatwewanttosaydoesn'tpassthistest,thenit'sbetterleftunsaid.Wordspossesspower:bothpositiveandnegative.Thosearoundusreceiveencouragementwhenwespeakpositively.Wecanofferhope,buildself-esteemandmotivateotherstodotheirbest.___20___Willweuseourwordstohurtortoheal?Thechoiceisours.A.Isitloving?B.HowshouldIsayit?C.Wealltalktoourselvessometimes.D.Negativewordsdestroyallthosethings.E.Generallypeoplelikepositiveandpleasantwords.F.However,criticallanguagemaycauseangeranddefense.G.Soweshouldonlyspeakencouragingwordstoourselves.【答案】16C17.G18.F19.A20.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语言的力量。积极的语言可以激励我们，消极的语言会摧毁我们。【16题详解】后文We'reusuallytooembarrassedtoadmitit,though.(然而，我们通常觉得太尴尬而不承认)与C.Wealltalktoourselvessometimes.(我们所有人都会时不时自言自语)承接自然，后文的it指代选项的内容，即“我们所有人都会时不时自言自语”，故选C项。【17题详解】前文Beaware,though,thatasmuchas77%ofself-talktendstobenegative.(但是，要清楚多达77%的自言自语倾向于消极)与G.Soweshouldonlyspeakencouragingwordstoourselves.(因此，我们应该只对自己说鼓励的话)承接自然，前后句构成明显的因果关系，negative和encouraging是关键词，故选G项。【18题详解】前文Forexample,whenreturninganitemtoastore,wemightusewarm,friendlylanguageduringtheexchange.Andtheclerkwillprobablyrespondinasimilarmanner.(例如，当把一件商品退回商店时，我们在交换期间可能会用温和、友好的语言。店员很可能会用同样的方式回复你)F.However,criticallanguagemaycauseangeranddefense.(然而，批评的语言可能会造成愤怒和抵抗)承接自然，前后是两种对比的情况，且构成明显的转折关系，friendly和critical是关键词，故选F项。【19题详解】前文Beforespeaking,weshouldalwaysaskourselves:(在说话之前，我们应该问问自己)与A.Isitloving?(它是表示关爱的话吗？)承接自然，前文提出“问自己”，下文给出问题，故选A项。【20题详解】前文Thosearoundusreceiveencouragementwhenwespeakpositively.Wecanofferhope,buildself-esteemandmotivateotherstodotheirbest.(当我们说积极的话时，我们周围的人会得到鼓励。我们可以提供帮助、建立自信以及激励他们做到最好)与D.Negativewordsdestroyallthosethings.(消极的话语会毁掉所有这一切)承接自然，前后部分分别陈述积极话语和消极话语的两种情况，选项里的those代指前文的Wecanofferhope,buildself-esteemandmotivateotherstodotheirbest，故选D项。第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Itookahardfallonmyrightwristandhandinthemiddleofourthirdgameofthehighschoolbasketballseason.___21___,thatjusthappenedtobemyshootinghand.Accordingtoaspecialist,Ihadamajorbreakinmyradius(桡骨).Althoughbadnews,Iwas___22___relaxedtolearnthatIwouldn’tneedanoperation.Onlytimewould___23___thiswound.Iwas___24___towearacast(石膏)onmyrightwristforeightweeks.Almostimmediately,duetothe___25___ofmyshootinghand,Idevotedmyselftolearningto___26___left-handed.Itwasadaily___27___,butIwascommittedtousingthistimeto___28___andcomebackevenstrongerthanbefore.Eightweekslater,mycastwasfinally___29___.However,myrighthandandwristhadbecomevery___30___duetotheeightweeksofinactivity.Mypreviousshootingaccuracy___31___.IhadtodecidewhetherIshouldquitordevotemyselftobeingthebestIcouldbe?Finally,I___32___thelatter.Icommittedmyselftoasimple___33___:tomake1,000shotsaday.Iwantedtoreturntomypre-injury___34___.Athousandshotsadayisamajorcommitment,butI’m___35___tosayIkeptthatcommitmentuntilmyfreshmanyearincollege.Ifinally___36___somemajorgoalsinbasketball.Being___37___earlyinmycareerplayedahugeroleinmydevelopmentasasuccessfulplayer.Adversity(逆境)presents___38___.Nevereverstop___39___yourselfandgoafteryourgoals.Mydreamcametrueandit___40___1000shotsaday.21.A.Undoubtedly B.Hopefully C.Unfortunately D.Surprisingly22.A.anyhow B.somewhat C.extremely D.barely23.A.prove B.discover C.hide D.cure24.A.required B.wished C.acknowledged D.permitted25.A.gestures B.movements C.possibilities D.limitations26.A.shake B.drive C.shoot D.write27.A.record B.struggle C.entertainment D.assessment28.A.address B.appreciate C.improve D.compromise29.A.recovered B.adopted C.fixed D.removed30.A.dirty B.weak C.impressive D.painful31.A.suffered B.survived C.deserved D.confirmed32.A.remembered B.obtained C.chose D.changed33.A.life B.goal C.design D.reason34.A.ability B.look C.behaviour D.wisdom35.A.hesitant B.tired C.proud D.worried36.A.set B.achieved C.identified D.missed37.A.injured B.superior C.cautious D.gifted38.A.competitions B.imaginations C.hardships D.opportunities39.A.believingin B.dependingon C.thinkingof D.calmingdown40.A.stoodfor B.correspondedwith C.developedinto D.startedwith【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.D26.C27.B28.C29.D30.B31.A32.C33.B34.A35.C36.B37.A38.D39.A40.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者在早年伤到了投篮的右腕和手，但是他没有放弃，每天坚持投篮一千次，最后在篮球方面达到了一些主要目标，成长为一名成功的篮球运动员。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，那正好是我投篮的手。A.Undoubtedly无疑地；B.Hopefully有希望地；C.Unfortunately不幸的是；D.Surprisingly惊人地。根据“thatjusthappenedtobemyshootinghand”和“Itookahardfallonmyrightwristandhandinthemiddleofourthirdgameofthehighschoolbasketballseason”(在高中篮球赛季的第三场比赛进行到一半的时候，我的右腕和手重重地摔了一跤)可知，这是一件不幸的事。故选C。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然是个坏消息，但得知不需要动手术，我还是有些放松。A.anyhow无论如何；B.somewhat稍微；C.extremely特别地；D.barely几乎不。根据“Iwouldn’tneedanoperation”可知，“我”有些放松。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：只有时间才能治愈这个伤口。A.prove证明；B.discover发现；C.hide隐藏；D.cure治愈。根据“wearacast(石膏)onmyrightwristforeightweeks”(在我的右腕上戴石膏八个星期)可知，只有时间才能治愈这个伤口。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被要求在我的右腕上戴石膏8个星期。A.required要求；B.wished希望；C.acknowledged承认；D.permitted允许。因为受伤了，所以“我”被要求在右腕上戴石膏8个星期。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几乎立刻，由于我的投篮的手的限制，我致力于学习左手投篮。A.gestures姿势；B.movements移动；C.possibilities可能性；D.limitations限制。根据“thatjusthappenedtobemyshootinghand”可知，此处是指由于“我”的投篮手的限制。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几乎立刻，由于我的投篮手的限制，我致力于学习左手投篮。A.shake晃动；B.drive驾驶；C.shoot射击；D.write写。根据“duetothelimitationsofmyshootinghand”可知，“我”致力于学习左手投篮。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个每天的奋斗，但我致力于利用这段时间来改善甚至比以前更强大。A.record记录；B.struggle奋斗；C.entertainment娱乐；D.assessment评价。根据“Idevotedmyselftolearningtoshootleft-handed”可知，这是一个每天的奋斗。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个每天的奋斗，但我致力于利用这段时间来改善甚至比以前更强大。A.address演说；B.appreciate欣赏；C.improve改善；D.compromise妥协。根据“comebackevenstrongerthanbefore”可知，此处是指利用这段时间来改善。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：八周后，我的石膏终于被移除了。A.recovered恢复；B.adopted采用；C.fixed修理；D.removed移除。根据“wearacast(石膏)onmyrightwristforeightweeks”可知，八周后，“我”的石膏终于被移除了。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于八个星期的不活动，我的右手和手腕变得非常虚弱。A.dirty脏的；B.weak虚弱的；C.impressive令人印象深刻的；D.painful痛苦的。根据“duetotheeightweeksofinactivity”可知，“我”的右手和手腕变得非常虚弱。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以前的投篮精度受到了影响。A.suffered变差；B.survived生存；C.deserved值得；D.confirmed确认。根据“However,myrighthandandwristhadbecomeveryweakduetotheeightweeksofinactivity”可知，以前的投篮精度受到了影响。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我选择了后者。A.remembered记得；B.obtained获得；C.chose选择；D.changed改变。根据“IhadtodecidewhetherIshouldquitordevotemyselftobeingthebestIcouldbe?”(我不得不决定是停止还是全力以赴？)可知，此处是指选择了后者。故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我致力于一个简单的目标：每天投篮1000次。A.life生活；B.goal目标；C.design设计；D.reason原因。根据“tomake1,000shotsaday”可知，此处是指一个简单的目标。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想回到我伤前的状态。A.ability能力；B.look脸色；C.behaviour行为；D.wisdom智慧。根据“returntomypre-injury”可知，此处是指“我”想恢复伤前的能力。故选A。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每天投篮1000次是一个重要的承诺，但我很自豪地说，我一直坚持到大学一年级。A.hesitant犹豫的；B.tired疲劳的；C.proud骄傲的；D.worried担心的。根据“Ikeptthatcommitmentuntilmyfreshmanyearincollege”可知，此处是指“我”对此感到自豪。故选C。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我终于在篮球方面达到了一些主要目标。A.set设置；B.achieved(凭长期努力)达到(某目标、地位、标准)；C.identified识别；D.missed错过。根据finally可知，此处是指终于在篮球方面达到了一些主要目标。故选B。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我职业生涯早期受伤对我作为一名成功球员的成长起到了巨大的作用。A.injured受伤的；B.superior有优越感的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.gifted有天赋的。根据“earlyinmycareer”可知，此处是指在职业生涯早期受伤。故选A。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：逆境带来机遇。A.competitions比赛；B.imaginations想象；C.hardships困难；D.opportunities机遇。根据“Beinginjuredearlyinmycareerplayedahugeroleinmydevelopmentasasu