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大学英语四级(年月考试改革适用)模

拟试卷23(共9套)

(共543题)

大学英语四级(年月考试改革适用)模

拟试卷第1套

一、作文(本题共I题,每题7.0分,共I分。)

1、Forthispart,youareallowed30minutesiowriteashortessay.Youshouldstart

youressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthenexpressyourviewsonthe

significanceofwastesorting.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180

words.WriteyouressayonAnswerSheet1.

标准答案:Aswecanseefromthedrawing,alittleboyisdroppingabottleintothe

dustbinspecificallyforrecyclablematerialswhilehismotheristhrowingthetrashinto

theothercollectionbin.ThechildandthemotheraredoingwhattheChinesegovernment

callsonthegeneralpublictodoinrecentyears—wastesorting.Wastesortingisvery

significanttodaywhenthevolumeofwasteisgrowingallthetimewhilethereislessand

lesslandavailabletodepositrubbish.Foronething,itconsiderablyreducesthetotal

amountofrubbishtobelandfilledorburned,thuscausinglesspollutiontothe

environment.Foranother,wastesortingmakesitpossiblefortherecyclablematerials,

suchaspaper,tobereused,thussavingnaturalresources.Inshort,sortingwasteisa

meaningfuldeed.Ifeveryonedocsit,smallthingswillmakeabigpositiveimpactonthe

environment.

知识点解析:这是一篇看图作文。要求考生先简单描述图片内容,随后围绕“垃圾

分类的重要性”这个话题进行阐述。根据题目要求,可将文章内容安排如下:第一

段:简明扼要地描述图片内容,引出话题。第二段:分点阐述垃圾分类的重要

性。第三段:总结全文。

二、词汇理解(本题共10题,每题7.0分,共70分。)

BarackandMichelleObamaunderstandtheheavyburdenofstudentloandebt.The

ObamasdidnotpayofftheirstudentloansuntilObama'sbest-sellingbooksearnedthem

millionsofdollars.Withthecostofacollegeeducation[Cl],morethan

60%ofstudentstakeoutloanstofundtheirundergraduateeducation.Onaverage,

studentswhoborrowgraduatewithdebtsof$22,700一a[C2]ofmorethan

18%from2000.Butsomeofthosewithanewlyacquiredbachelor'sdegreearerestrained

withdebtsof$40,000ormore.Youthinkthiseconomy'stough?Tryfindingajobwith

the[C3]ofrepayingtensofthousandsofdollarsindebt.Now,anew

federalprogram—Income-BasedRepayment—ismakingit[C4]topay

backtheseloans.Ifastudentchoosestorepayherorhisloanwiththisplan,paymentsare

thenreadjusted-basedontheirincometosomethingtheycan[C5]afford.

Alldebtwillbeforgivenafter25years.Agraduatewhoearnslessthan150%ofthe

[C6]linewon'thavetomakeanypayments.Thisisinadditiontotheyear-

oldPublicServiceLoanForgivenessprogramforthose[C7]injobssuchas

lawenforcement,publichealthandsocialwork.Theirloanswillbeforgivenafter10

years.This[C8]isn'tperfect;theloanshavetobefederalloans,not[C9]

,Butstudentswithmorethanonefederalstudentloancancombinethem

undertheprogram.Insomecases,borrowerswithlargedebtandlow-to-moderate

incomesmaybenefitattheendof25years,withthe[CIO]oftheirdebt

forgiven.Otherswithhigherincomes,though,willpaymore.A)earningE)pressureI)

balanceM)easierB)stateF)initiativeJ)raisingN)workingC)risingG)povertyK)

privateO)reasonablyD)jumpH)publicL)barely

2、[Cl]

标准答案:C

知识点解析:此处应为动词的-ing形式,with…doing表示伴随状况。下文提到

60%的学生办理贷款来支付本科教育费用,据此可.推知此处表示“大学教育费用上

涨应选rising。注意raise为及物动词,其后需带宾语。不能单独用。

3、[C2]

标准答案:D

知识点解析:此处应为名词,且表示一种升降趋势,名词库中只有jump(猛增)符

合;根据上文强调学生的学费升高,贷款的学生毕业时背负的债务应是比2000年

数额“增高”18%,以说明而今学生的艰难处境,故选jump。

4、[C3]

标准答案:E

知识点解析:此处应为名词。从下义的repaying…indebt(偿还高额的债务)可知,

学生毕业后找工作时是有压力的。withihepressureof表示“在压力下”,故选

pressureo

5、[C4]

标准答案:M

知识点解析:此处应为形容词。结合下文可知Income-BasedRepayment,这个新的

联邦计划是效力于减轻学生的还款压力的,据此可推断此处表示“该计划使得偿还

债务更容易些“,easier符合文意。

6、[C5]

标准答案:0

知识点解析:此处应为副词,修饰afford。上文提到参与该计划的学生的偿款可以

调整,此处应该表示“他们可以承担“,reasonably“合理地;适度地”符合文意。

barelyafford表示“几乎不能承担”,与上下文语义逻辑不符,不能选barely。

7、[C6]

标准答案:G

知识点解析:此处应为名词,能与line构成完整语义。此空所在句内容与毕业生的

收入有关。表示“赚得少于的150%就不用还贷”,可推测应该是收入比较

低才不用偿还贷款,povertyline表示“贫困线”,符合语义,故选poverty。注意不

要被stale迷惑,slaieline表示“州界线”,与文章主题不相干。

8、[C7]

标准答案:N

知识点解析:此处应为动词的-ing形式,构成现在分词短语修饰those。空后的

suchas列举的是工作领域,此处应该是表示“做……工作",working符合文意。

9、[C8]

标准答案:F

知识点解析:此处应为名词。句首的This指代Income-BasedRepayment这个计

划,根据上文可知该计划属于一种“新计划''(第3段第1句中anewfederal

program),类似“首创的东西“,inilialive最符合文意。

10、[C9]

标准答案:K

知识点解析:此处应为形容词。not表明空处语义与federalloans相反,联邦贷款

属于“公众的”,那么此处应该表示“私人的",privale符合。

11、[C10]

标准答案:I

知识点解析:此处应为名词。上文的benefitattheendof25years表明债额巨大而

收入存中下水平的贷款人25年期间是需要偿还贷款的,那么可以在25年后获益于

该政策应该是体现在25年后“贷款余额(balance)”可获免除,故选balanceo

三、长篇阅读(本题共70题,每题7.0分,共10分。)

Low-carbonFuture:WeCanAffordtoGoGreen[A]Tacklingclimatechangewillcost

consumerstheearth.Thosewhocampaignforagreenrevolutionareouttodestroyour

westernlifestyles.Sucharcthecriesofopponentsofemissionscuts,andtheirmessage

haspoliticalimpact:anumberofsurveyshavefoundthattheenthusiasmofvotersfor

policiestoreduceclimatechangefallsoffasthepricetagincreases.However,anew

modelling(模型化)exercisesuggeststhatthesefearsarelargelyunfounded.Itprojects

thatradicalcutstotheUK'semissionswillcausebarelynoticeableincreasesintheprice

offood,drinkandmostothergoodsby2050.Electricityandpetrolcostswillrise

significantly,butwiththerightpoliciesinplace,saythemodellers,thisneednotleadto

bigchangesinourlifcsty'c.[B]"Thcscresultsshowthattheglobalprojecttofight

climatechangeisfeasible,"saysAlexBowen,aclimatepolicyexpertattheLondon

SchoolofEconomics."It'snotsuchabigaskaspeoplearemakingout.*'Althoughitis

impossibletopreciselypredictpricesfourdecadesfromnow,theexerciseisoneofthe

mostdetailedexaminationsyetoftheimpactofclimatechangepoliciesonUK

consumers.Itprovidesausefulroughguidetooureconomicfuture.[C]Thoughitsresults

speakdirectlytotheUKconsumer,previousresearchhascometosimilarconclusionsfor

theUS.InJune,onestudyfoundthatiftheUSweretocutemissionsby50percentby

2050,pricesofmostconsumergoodswouldincreasebylessthan5percent.Thefindings

arealsoconsistentwithanalysesbythePewCenteronGlobalClimateChangein

WashingtonDC."Evencuttingemissionsby80percentoverfourdecadeshasavery

smalleffectonconsumersinmostareas,"saysManikRoyofthePewCenter."The

challengeisnowtoconvinceconsumersandpolicy-makersthatthisisthecase."[D]The

IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangerecommendsthatwealthynationscuttheir

einissionslubclwcvn80and95purcentbelow1990levelsby2050inurdcrloavoidthe

worsteffectsofclimatechange.TheUKgovernmentaimstoreduceitscontributionby

80percentandleadersoftheotherG8nationshavediscussedfollowingsuit.Tomeet

thisgoal,industrieswillhavetocutdownfossilfuelconsumption,andlow-carbonpower

sourceswillhavetomassivelyexpand.Companieswillhavetopayincreasinglyhigher

pricesfortherighttoemitgreenhousegases.[E]Howv/illthisaffecttheaveragecitizen's

wallet?Tomeasuretheimpactofthe80percenttargetontheUKpopulation,New

ScientistapproachedCambridgeEconometrics,afirmknownforitsmodellingofthe

Europeaneconomy.Thefirmusedhistoriceconomicdatatopredicttheimpactof

emissionsreductionsonpricesinover40categoriesofgoodsandservices.Itcompared

theimpactofthe80percentcutwithabaselinesituationinwhichthegovernmenttakes

noactionotherthanthelimitedemissionsrestrictionsalreadyinplaceasaresultofthe

Kyotoprotocol(京都议定|5).[F]Mostofthepriceincreasesarcaconsequenceofrising

energycosts,inpartbecausecoalandgasarereplacedbymoreexpensivelow-carbon

sources.Thepriceofelectricityisprojectedtobe15percenthigherin2050compared

withthebaseline.Intoday'sprices,thatwouldaddaround£5ontotypicalmonthly

householdelectricitybills.Itwillalsoresultinhigherpriceselsewhere,asevery

industrialsectoruseselectricity.Butelectricityandotherformsofenergymakeuponlya

smallpartofthepriceofmostgoods,Otherfactors—rawmaterials,labourandtaxes一

arefarmoreimportant.Theenergythatgoesintoproducingfood,alcoholicdrinksand

tobacco,forexample,makesupjust2percentoftheconsumerprice.Formotorvehicle

purchasesandhotelstays,thefigureis1percent.Onlyforenergy-intensiveindustries

doesthecontributionclimbabove3percent.[G]Asaresult,mostproductscostjusta

fewpercentmoreby2050.Atcurrentprices,goinglow-carbonisforecasttoaddaround

5pencetothepriceofasliceofbreadorapintofbeer.Thepriceofhousehold

appliancessuchaswashingmachinesrisesbyafewpounds.Thereisonemajor

exceptiontothepattern.Airlinesdonotcurrentlyhavealow-carbonalternativetojet

fuel.Unlessoneisfound,theywillbearthefullburdenofcarbonpricing,andaverage

fareswillrisebyatleast140percent-raisingthecostofatypicalLondontoNewYork

returntripfromaround£350to£840.[H]Achievingtheoverallpictureoflowprices

doesrequiregovernmentaction.Themodelforecaststhatby2050naturalgasandpetrol

willcost160percentand32percentmorerespectively.Toavoidlargepricerisesin

homeheatingandroadtransportwhilestillhittingthe80percenttarget,theCambridge

researchershadtobuildtwomajorpoliciesintotheiranalysis.Theyassumedthatfuture

governmentswillprovidegrantstohelpswitchalldomestichealingandcookingto

electricity,andinvestinthebasicfacilitiesneededforelectriccarstoalmostcompletely

replacepetroleum-fuelledvehicles.DothpolicieshavebeendiscussedinrecentUK

governmentstrategydocuments,thoughthedetailofhowtheywouldbeimplemented

stillneedsfurtherdiscussion.Firmpoliciesmustfollowifambitiousemissionscutsare

goingtobemade,saysChrisThoungofCambridgeEconometrics.[I]Soistackling

climatechangegoingtobeeasierthanexpected,intermsofconsumercosts?Whilethe

CambridgeEconometricsmodeliswidelyrespectedandregularlyusedbytheUK

government'sclimatechangeadvisers,anyattempttoforecastfourdecadesaheadcanbe

divertedfromitsintendedcoursebyunforeseenevents.Thatleadssomeeconomiststo

questionthemodel'sresults.[J]Forexample,companiescouldmovetocountrieswith

lessstrictcarbonregulations,pointsoutRichardToloftheEconomicandSocial

ResearchInstituteinDublin,Ireland.IncomesintheUKwouldfall,makinggoods

relativelymoreexpensive.Tolalsoquestionswhetheritisreasonabletousehistorical

pricesasabasisforprojectingbeyond2020.Despitethis,theCambridgeEconometrics

results,togetherwithotherrecentstudies,doprovideausefulguideforgovernments,

saysMichaelGrubboftheUniversityofCambridge.Theysuggestthattheoverall

challengeisconquerable,evenifmanyofthedetailswillonlybecomeclearinyearsto

come.

12、CambridgeEconometricspredictedtheimpactofemissionsreductionsonprices

frompasteconomicdata.

标准答案:E

知识点解析:根据专有名词,可将定位缩小至E及H至J段。其中E段第3句提

到该公司预测价格的方式是利用historiceconomicdata,这与本题中的past

economicdata意思一致,故本题出处在E段。

13^RichardTolpointsoutthatUKcompaniescouldfindotherlocationswithlessstrict

carbonregulations,whichwouldaffectthefutureprice.

标准答案:J

知识点.析:根据人名可定位至J段,该段第1句就提到英国企业在其他地方设厂

的问题,而这i做法是对上段末内容的举例,是属于影响物价的一些不可预见的因

素,原文所述与本题一致。

14、Theairfaresarepredictedtorisedramaticallybecausenocleanenergycanreplace

thejetfuel.

标准答案:G

知识点解析:本题有关飞机票价的上升问题,根据airfares,jetfuel等关键词定位

到G段,该段最后三句提到了飞机票是一个例外(exception),价格会大幅_L升,倒

数第2句提到航空公司没有飞机燃料的低碳替代品(low-carbonalternative),故本题

所述与文章该段所述一致。答案确定为G。

15>Someeconomistsdoubtthemodefsresultsbecausethepredictionmaybediverted

byunforeseenevents.

标准答案:I

知识点解析:根据关键词economists,model'sresults及unforeseenevents可定'立至

I段。该段最后一句中的That指代上一句提到的“对未来的预测受到不可坝见事件

的影响”,与本题所述一致,故确定本题出处是I段。

16、Asthecostofagreenrevolutionrises,theenthusiasmofthepolicy-makerstolessen

climatechangedecreases.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:根据thecostofagreenrevolution,enthusiasm和lessenclimatechange

等词定位至A段第3句冒号后的内容,木题中的costofagreenrevolutionrises与文

中pricetagincreases对应,lessen与reduce对应,decreases则与fallsoff对应,这

两句句意一致,A段为本题出处。

17^TheCambridgeEconometricsresultsprovideausefulguideforpolicy-makers,with

asuggestionthatthegovernmentcanconquerthechallenge.

标准答案:J

知识点解析:根据关键词TheCambridgeEconometrics和conquer等词可定位至J段

最后两句。最后一句提到“(减排)的挑战是可以克服的(conquerable)”,而倒数第2

句则说该公司为政府提供了一个有用的指导(ausefulguide),故本题是综合概括了

这两句内容,J段为本题出处。

18、ThetwomajorpoliciesbuiltbytheCambridgeresearchersincludetheelectrification

ofresidentialheatingandcookingsystem.

标准答案:H'

知识点解析:根据twomajorpolicies,Cambridge和electrification等关键词定位至

H段第4句,该句提到剑桥研究人员的提到的政策之一是将家庭中的“供暖及煮食

设备转为电力“,这与本题中所说的eleclrifkation“电气化”一致,故H为本题出

处。

19、Toreduce80percentoftheemission,theUKindustrieshavetocutdownfossilfuel

consumptionanduselow-carbonpowersourcesinstead.

标准答案:D

知识点解析:根据80percent,UKindustries和cutdownfossilfuel等关键词可定位

至D段倒数第2、3句。倒数第3句提到英国政府目标是减排80%,下一句说明为

达到这一目标要做的事,所述与本题一致,故本题的出处是D段。本题出现的数

字80%,原文的C段、D段、E段、H段均有提及,查找时要注意甄别。

20、Accordingtothemodellers,emissioncutswon'tchangethelifestylemuch,provided

tliatappiopiiatepoliciesarecarriedout.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:根据modellers,lifestyle及appropriatepolicies等关键信息可定位至A

段最后一句。原文该句是以with短语形式出现。题目中则以providedthat…引导的

从句出现,两者意思一致,故本题出处是A段。

21、Astudyshowedthatcuttingemissionsbyeightypercentinthecomingfourdecades

haslittleeffectontheprice.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:文章出现数字80%的有四段,C段、D段、E段、H段,其中只有C

段讲到减价与物价之间的直接联系,该段最后一句引用ManikRoy的话表明,在未

来40年减排并不会对物价造成影响,与本题所述一致。

四、仔细阅读(本题共10题,每题1.0分,共70分。)

Wemayallliketoconsiderourselvesfreespirits.Butastudyofthetracesleftby

50,000cellphoneusersoverthreemonthshasconclusivelyprovedthatthetruthis

otherwise."Weareallinonewayoranotherboring,"saysAlbert-LaszloBarabasiatthe

CenterforComplexNetworkResearchatNortheasternUniversityinBoston,whoco­

wrotethestudy.^Spontaneousindividualsarclargelyabsentfromthepopulation."

Barabasiandcolleaguesusedthreemonths'worthofdatafromacellphonenetworkto

trackthecellphonetowerseachperson'sphoneconnectedtoeachhouroftheday,

revealingtheirapproximatelocation.Theyconcludethatregardlessofwhetheraperson

typicallyremainsclosetohomeorroamsfarandwide,theirmovementsaretheoretically

predictableasmuchas93percentofthetime.Surprisingly,thecellphonedatashowed

thatindividuals'movementsweremoreorlessaspredictableatweekendsason

weekdays,suggestingthatroutineisrootedinhumannatureratherthanbeinganeffectof

workpatterns.Thecellphonerecordswereprocessedtoidentifythemostvisited

locationsforeachuser.Thentheprobabilityoffindingagivenuserathisorhermost

visitedlocationsateachhuuithrouglithedaywascalculated.Peoplewerelobefoundin

(heirmostvisitedlocationforanygivenhour70percentofthetime.Notsurprisingly,

thefigureincreasedatnight,anddecreasedatlunchtimeandintheearlyevening,when

mostpeoplewerereturninghomefromwork.Theteamanalysedtherandomness(随意

性)ofpeople'stracestoshowitwastheoreticallypossibletopredicttheaverageperson's

whereaboutsasmuchas93percentofthetime."Sayyourroutinemovementisfrom

hometothecoffeeshoptowork:ifyouareathomeandthengotothecoffeeshopit's

easyformetopredictthatyouarcgoingtowork,"saysco-authorNicholasBlumm.This

predictabilitywasnotmuchaffectedbydifferencesinage,gender,languagespokenor

whetherapersonlivedinaruralorurbansetting.

22、The"spontaneousindividuals"aremostprobablypeoplewho.

A、relymuchonacellphoneinlife

canlivewithoutacellphone

C^actwithoutmuchrestraint

D、areboringinsomeway

标准答案:c

知识点露析:第1段是BarabAsi的研究结果,第2段是对第1段的进一步解释,将

这两段的内容相比可知,spontaneousindividuals应咳与第1段开头提到的free

spirits同义,即spontaneousindividuals最可能指生活上无拘无束的人,因此,本题

应选C。虽然本文一开头就提到了cellphone,但本文的研究并非针对人们在生活

中对cellphone的态度,因此,A和B都没有原文依据。对比第2段第I句提到的

关于boring的内容和spontaneousindividuals所在的句子的内容,可发现这两句提

到的spontaneous应与boring相反,因此,D不正确。

23、Aphoneuser'slocationisshownby.

A、whichcellphonetowerheisconnectedto

B、whichcellphonenetworkheisconnectedto

C、howoftenheusesthephoneeveryday

D、thecontentofhiseveryphonecall

标准答案:A

知识点解析:原文该句中,cellphonetowers是关键词,句中的totrack…及其后的

内容表明Barabdsi是通过记录手机信号在各个时段连接到哪个信号塔,从而推测

手机用方的大概位置。本题应选A。在原句中,eachperson'sphoneconnectedlo是

修饰先行词cellphonetowers的定语从句,先行词cellphonetowers在从句中为

connectedto的真语,cellphonenetwork不是connectedto的宾语,因此,B是对原

文结构的错误理解;C中的howoften和D中的content都缺乏原文依据。

24、Whatdidthecellphonedatashowabout"routineM,?

A^One'sroutineaffectshisworkpattern.

B、Ourroutineaffectsourhumannature.

C^One'sworkpatterndetermineshisroutine.

D^Ourhumannaturedeterminesourroutine.

标准答案:D

知识点解析:第4段末尾的routineisrootedinhumannalure表明rouline"植根

于"humannature,这也可以理解为routine来源于humannature,由此可见,D的说

法与原文相符,故为本题答案。原文并没有提及routine会不会反过来对work

pattern和humannature产生影响,因此,A和B描述的关系不存在。第4段末尾的

ratherthan…表明routine受humannature的影响,而不受workpatterns的影响。因

此,C不正确。

25、Accordingtothesixthparagraph,apersonismorelikelytoatnightthan

intheearlyevening.

A、befoundathome

B、returnhomefromwork

C、gotohismostvisitedplace

D、takehomeashismostvisitedplace

标准答案:C

知识点解析:第6段第2句中的thefigureincreasedatnight表明晚上超过70%的情

况下,都可在一个人最常去的地方找到他,C表达了相同的内容,故为本题答案。

本题稍具干扰性的是A和D,第6段末尾,作者提到home一词只是为了说明在午

饭时间和傍晚,人们通常会在下班14家途中,因此,在这一时段想要在一个人平时

最常去的地方找到他,可能性低于70%,但该句并没有表明home就是人们晚上

“最常去的”的地方,因比,A和D不正确。

26、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

AxThenewapplicationofcellphones.

B、Thepredictabilityofone'sroutine.

C、Theinfluenceofcellphonesonone'sroutine.

D、Thefactorsthathelpdetermineone'sroutine.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:第1段首先提出人们普遍的想法:wemayallliketoconsiderourselves

freespiritso在第2段至第4段,作者通过分析手机数据说明我们并没有自己想象

的那么随心所欲。我们的行为是可预测的,最后几段进一步说明这种可预测性,因

此,全文的主要内容应该是“可预测性”,由此可见,本题应选B。尽管文中多次提

到cellphone,但研究人员只是借助手机数据研究人们的H常行为是否可以预测,

手机本身并不是研究的对象,因此,A和C均不正确;原文并没有提及可以通过

哪些因素去预测人们的三常行为,因此,D的faciors缺乏原文依据。

How'sthisforunintendedconsequences?Someofthebiggestbeneficiaries(受惠

者)ofthewomensmovementhavebeenmarriedmen.Accordingtoanewstudybythe

PewResearchCenter,marriedmenhavea60%higheraveragehouseholdincomethan

theydidin1970,evenadjustedforinflation.Unmarriedmen,ontheotherhand,onlygot

a16%bump.Onereasonfortheriseisthatmoremenaremarryingwomenwhomake

moremoneythantheydo,mainlybecausetherearemorehigh-incomewomentogo

around.In1970,just4%ofmenages30tn44hadwiveswhobroughtinmoremoney

thantheydid.By2007,morethanafifthofmeninthatagerangehadwiveswhoout

earnedthem.Membersofthisthrivingdemographic(人口统”,学的)areeffectively

doublingtheirincomeormorewhentheywed,withoutdoublingtheircosts.Asidefrom

theincreaseinwhite-collarwomen,theothertrendbehindthePewnumbersisthat

marriagerateshavedeclinedmostsharplyamongtheleasteducatedmenandwomen,

whichhelpsexplainwhytheaveragehouseholdincomefiguresformarriedmenhave

pulledevenfurtheraheadofthosefortheirsinglecounterparts.Moreoftheleastricharc

unmarriedthanbefore.Thestudy,whichdrewonhouseholdincomedatafromthe

DecennialCensusandthe2007AmericanCommunitySurvey,showedthatthebiggest

gainersweremarriedcollege-educatedmen.Thebiggestloserswereunmarriedmenwho

didnotcompletehighschoolorwhoonlyhadahighschooldiploma.Afteradjustingfor

inflation,the2007unmarriedlow-incomemenandwomenhadlowerhouseholdincomes

thantheir1970counterparts."Thesteeperdeclineinmarriageamongthelesseducated

hascontributedtoasteeperdeclineintheirincome,"saysoneofthestudy'sauthors,

D'VeraCohn.Thetrendhasadarkside,saysDaltonConley,socialsciencesdeanatNew

YorkUniversity."High-incomewomenmarryinghigh-incomemenisoneofthedrivers

ofinequality/'hesays."Ilaffectsthedistributionofincomebetweenfamilies.''Henotes

thatamongcollege-educatedhigh-incomecouples,thedivorcerateisgettinglower,

whileunmarriedlow-incomemenandwomentendtopartnerupandthenuncouplemore

rapidly."Thisleadstofamilyinstabilityandacycleofdisadvantage,"saysConley.

27、Whatdoweknowabouttheunmarriedmen,accordingtothelastsentenceofthe

firstparagraph?

A^Theygota16%increaseinhouseholdincome.

B、Theygota16%decreaseinhouseholdincome.

C、Only16%ofthemwereinfinancialdifficulty.

D^Only16%ofthemearnedmorethanin1970.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:最后一句中的ontheotherhand表明该句提到的unmarriedmen和上一

句提到的marriedmen遂行对比,加上该句的onlygot...,可推断unmarriedmen的

家庭收入“只涨了16%”,故选A。本题解题的关键是推断bump的词义。根据only

一词,可推断bump也指上涨,只是幅度相对较小,故B排除。C和D将1696所

修饰的对应弄错了。原文中是指16%的收入涨幅,而选项却用来指16%的未婚男

性,显然不对,故排除。

28、"Membersofthisthrivingdemographic'*are.

A、menwhomarryattheageof30to44

B、womenwhosehusbandsage30to44

C^menwhosewivesearnmorethantheydo

D、womenwhoearnmorethantheirhusbands

标准答案:D

知识点解析:该句中的doublingtheirincome中their指的是男士,这可从whenthey

wed看出。因为文章是在讲单身男士或已婚男士。只有当男士和女士结婚后,女士

的收入被纳入家庭收入中,这样才能使男上们的婚后收入翻番,故句中Members

of…指的是那些收入超过男士的优秀女性。thriving•词也喑示此处指逐渐发展壮

大的优秀女性群体。选D。男士和高收入女性结婚后。才能导致男性家庭收入翻番

甚至更多,而开支不会增加一倍,理解了这层意思,就可以将描述男士的A、C排

除:而联系上下文可知此处的女士为上文说的高收入女性,故排除及

29、ItisfoundbythePewResearchCenterthatmoreandmoreoftheleasteducated

men.

A^earnlessthantheirwives

BNaredeclinedbywhite-collarwomen

C、refusetomarrywhite-collarwomen

D、havetoremainsingle

标准答案:D」

知识点解析:原文该句中的marriagerateshavedeclined表明受教育程度低的人结婚

率下降,这就意味着他们只好单身,应选D。原文提到受教育程度低的人结婚率下

降了,没有提到他们的妻子的收入水平,因此,A不正确。原文该句开头的beside

(Yom…表明white-collarwomen和theleasteducaiedmen应分属两点不同的内容,原

文未说明两者之间的关系,故B和C缺乏依据。

30、Comparedwiththe1970unmarriedlow-incomemen,their2007

counterparts.

A^hadevenlesseducation

B、hadlowermarriagerates

C、hadslowergrowthinhouseholdincome

D、hadmoretroubleadjustingforinflation

标准答案:B」

知识点解析:第4段倒数第2句提到了“未婚的低收入男女2007年的收入比1970

年时和他们同等情况的人收入还低”,最后一句解稔了造成这种现象的原因是the

steeperdeclineinmarriage,由此可见,B正确。本题稍具干扰性的是C,原文的确

提到了householdincome的差异,但slowergrowth是不正确的,因为未婚的低收入

男女2007年的收入比1970年时和他们同等情况的人收入还“低”,growth就无从说

起,可见C不正确。原文只在“收入”和“结婚率”两方面对比了1970年和2007年的

低学历人群,A和D都不是比较点。

31>WhatdoesConleyimplybysaying"Thisleadstofamilyinstability'1?

A、Educationdeterminesthefamilystability.

B、Incomedeterminesthefamilystability.

C>Marriagerateistheindexoffamilystability.

D、Divorcerateistheindexoffamilystability.

标准答案:D

知识点解析:Thisleads...的上句是说低收入的未婚男女往往仓促结婚乂闪电离

婚,可见,该内容即是This所指,再加上上文还对比说到了高学历高收入夫妻的

离婚率在下降。结合这些可知Conley认为离婚率的高低是家庭稳定与否的指标,

D正确。A^B中的determines(决定)说法太过绝对,由文中的tendto可知“教育”和

“收入”只是影响离婚率进而影响家庭的稳定的因素,但不是“决定C"结婚率”不

是文中这句话说的重点,故排除。

五、翻译.汉译英(本题共[题,每题1.0分,共]分。)

32、中国国旗(FlagofChina)乂被称为“五星红旗”。旗面为红色,象征革命。旗面

左上方有五颗黄色五角星,黄色较白色明亮美丽,表示中华民族为黄色人种。五颗

五角星中一颗相对较大,代表中国共产党(CommunistParlyofChina)领导。另外四

颗较小,代表中国社会中的四个阶级。四颗小五角星各有一尖正对着大星的中心

点,象征共产党领导下的中国人民大团结。

标准答案:FlagofChinaisalsoreferredtoasthe"five-starredflag',.Thecoloris

redrepresentingrevolution.Therearefiveyellowfive-pointedstarsonthetopleftpartof

theflag.Comparedwithwhite,yellowisbrighterandmorebeautiful,representingthe

Chinesenationasyellowrace.Onestariscomparativelylargerthantheotherfour,andit

symbolizestheleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChina.Thefoursmallerstars

representpeopleoffourclassesinChinesesociety.Onepointofeachsmallstarfacesthe

centerofthelargerstar,whichrepresentstheunityoftheChinesepeopleunderthe

leadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChina.

知识点解析:1.“旗面为红色,象征革命”可译为一个英语句子,使用现在分词

representing…作“红色”的定语。2.“旗面左上方……为黄色人种''中第1个短句可采

用merebe句型;第2和第3个短句可整合到同一句中,将“黄色较白色明亮美丽”

作主句,“较白色”是“黄色与白色比较”,可使用过去分词comparedwithwhite前

置,作状语;主干则是“黄色明亮美丽”表示中华民族为黄色人种''可使用现在分

词representing…作补语。3.“五颗五角星……共产党的领导”可译为两个并列句,

用and连接。4.“四颗小五角星……中国人民大团结”中“象征……”,可使用which

引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整句。

六、短篇新闻(本题共7题,每题7.0分,共7分。)

33、

A、Nextyear.

Nextweek.

C、InJuneorJuly.

D、InMarchorApril.

标准答案:D

知识点解析:新闻开头就提到,英国首相宣布美国和英国将会组织一次投资者会

议。这次会议将会在3月份或4月份举行。故D项正确。预读选项可知这是一道

时间细节判断题。听音时应特别注意新闻中提醒的时间名词。

34、

A、AconferenceheldbetweenBritain,IsraelandPalestine.

PeacetalksheldbetweenIsraelandPalestine.

C、TheinternationalefforttoboosteconomyinPalestine.

D、ThepoliticalandeconomicsituationinPalestine.

标准答案:c

知识点露析:主旨题。新闻首句就提到将组织一次投资者会议以支持巴勒斯坦的经

济发展,再结合听力原文中出现的关键词economy、businessplanssinvestment

等,应该不难得出文章主旨为C项“国际社会共同努力以支持巴勒斯坦的经济发

展虽然国际关系中关于巴以和谈的新闻很多,但不可先入为主选A项“英国、

以色列及巴勒斯坦会议”或B项“以色列和巴勒斯坦的和平对话”,新闻中的会议是

由英国、美国和巴勒斯也参加的。新闻中没有具体谈及“巴勒斯坦的政治和经济情

况”,排除D项。

35、

A、Morethan$17billion.

B、Morethan$17million.

C、Morethan$70billion.

D、Morethan$70million.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:新闻中提列KimWooChoong在他的商业帝国倒下后,背负700亿美

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