《新课程大学英语 》 k 3 Unit 4 Fashion Text B

Pre-readingWhile-readingAfter-readingTextBWhatIsFashion?Unit3TextB:Pre-reading2.Words-guessing1.WhatisFashion1)CanyougiveyourowndefinitionofFashionafterTextAlearning?2)CanyouNamethefollowingitemswhicharenecessaryforfashion?PleaseidentifyitwiththestudentsbesideyouandtrytonametheminEnglish.Pre-reading1.WhatisFashion?旗袍qipao

cheong-samPre-readingapin-stripedsuit细纹西装Pre-readingapleatedskirt（百）褶裙Pre-readingatartanskirt

/akilt苏格兰方格呢短裙格子呢裙Pre-readingtracksuit运动服Pre-readingacheckedshirt格子衬衫

long-sleeved

shirt

长袖衬衫Pre-readingaflowereddress印花连衣裙Pre-readingasleevelessblouse无袖女衬衫Pre-readingaleatherjacket皮夹克Pre-readingascarf围巾Pre-readinga(spotted/striped)bowtie(带点/条纹)蝴蝶领结Pre-readingawoolencardigan羊毛开衫Pre-readingapolo-necksweater高领羊毛衫av-necksweaterV形领羊毛衫Pre-readingapairofcottonpyjamas一套棉睡衣Pre-readingapairofdenim

jeans粗斜纹棉布牛仔裤Pre-readingapairoftrainers一双运动鞋boots靴子Pre-readingsandals凉鞋Pre-readingslippers拖鞋high-heeledshoes高跟鞋Pre-readingatophat礼帽ablondewig

金色假发Pre-readingdouble-breastedovercoat

双排扣长大衣Pre-readingPre-reading2.Guessthemeaningsofthefollowingunderlinedwordsorphrasesaccordingtothecontexts.(1)Forcenturiesindividualsorsocietieshaveusedclothesandotherbodyadornmentasaformofnonverbalcommunication.A.admiration B.decorationC.gesture D.shapes(2)Whatwewearandhowandwhenwewearitprovidesotherswithashorthandtosubtlyreadthesurfaceofasocialsituation.A.subconsciously B.nearlyC.promptly D.skillfully(3)Groupaffiliationisourprimeconcernwithregardtofashion.A.mostimportant B.basicC.primal

D.lastPre-reading(4)Thestateofaperson'sclothesissynonymouswithselfrespectandisasignofrespectability.A.integrated B.contentC.filled D.thesame(5)Itisreplacedasitbecomescommonplaceandhasceasedtofulfillitsfunctionofbeingdistinctive.A.ordinary B.usualC.typical D.outstandingWhile-reading：Text

WhatIsFashion?While-reading：Words&Phraseslocality

/lə(ʊ)'kælɪtɪ/

n.asurroundingornearbyregion所在；位置e.g.1.Followingthediscoveryoftheexplosivesthepresidentcancelledhisvisittothelocality.2.This

is

the

biggest

hospital

inthelocality.Ithas700beds.

Wordfamily:

local

localized

localised

locative

当地的；局部的局部的；地区的；小范围的限局性的，局部的表示位置的；位置格的

发现爆炸物之后总统取消了对该地区的访问。

这是本地最大的医院，该医院有七百张病床。While-reading：Words&Phrasesshorthand/'ʃɔːthænd/

n.amethodofwritingrapidly速记；速记法e.g.1.shorthand

skills速技能力2.Laslettusestheshorthandof"secondage"forthegroupofyoungerpeoplewhoarecreatingfamilies.拉斯莱特用“第二代”来简单指称那些更年轻、正在组建家庭的人。

iconography

/,aɪkə'nɒgrəfɪ/

n.theimagesandsymbolicrepresentationsthataretraditionallyassociatedwithapersonorasubject图解；肖像学e.g.1.Whatissemioticiconographyofcheese?

奶酪的象征意义是什么?2.Theobliqueraysofthesunontheorchardscreatethistypicallandscapethattraditionaliconographywouldassociatewithanearthlyparadise.Wordfamily:icon

图标；偶像；肖像，画像；圣像iconology

象征主义；肖像学While-reading：Words&Phrases阳光撒在果园里形成了独特的景致,就像传统肖像画中描

的天堂。While-reading：Words&Phrasesnon-verbally/nɒn'vəbli/

ad.withoutwords非言语交际地1.Practice

active

listening

by

non-verbally

indicatingthat

you're

hearing

him.

用积极的非语言的方式表明你在倾听。2.Remember

70%

of

whatiscommunicatedonTViscommunicatednon-verballythroughtoneofvoice,facialexpression,bodygestures,groomingandclothing.Wordformation:non+ad./a.non-believer不信教者non-smoker不吸烟者non-stop直达non-existent不存在的non-member非会员non-profit非盈利non-governmental非政府的记住，70%的在电视上要传达的信息并不是来源于言语，而是那些讲话的语调，面目表情，肢体语言，衣着甚至梳妆打扮。While-reading：Words&Phrasestattoo/tæ'tuː/

v.stain(skin)withindeliblecolor刺花纹n.adesignontheskinmadebytattooing纹身e.g.1.Onthebackofhisneckhehasatattooofacross.他后脖子上有个十字文身。2.Intheolddays,theywouldpaintandtattootheirbodiesforceremonies.过去，他们会为了某些仪式而在身上绘图、文身。While-reading：Words&Phrasesnavel/'neɪv(ə)l/

n.scarwheretheumbilicalcordwasattached;thecenterpointormiddleofsomething

肚脐；中央；中心点e.g.KarolinaKurkova,a

Victoria’s

Secret

Angel,

isperfect

in

every

way,

except

she

ismissing

abellybutton.

Her

navel

simply

doesnot

exist.

《维多利亚秘密》里的天使卡洛利娜·库尔科娃每个方面都很完美，但她却没有肚脐眼，她的肚脐根本不存在。Phrase:navelorange脐橙While-reading：Words&Phrasesphysiognomy/,fɪzɪ'ɒ(g)nəmɪ/

n.thehumanface外貌；面相

e.g.1.Hewasfascinatedbyherphysiognomy–theprominentnose,broodingeyes,andthickhair.2.Hiseyesweregood,butotherwisetherewasnothingremarkableinhisphysiognomy.Synonyms:aspect

/

colour

/

exterior

他被她的相貌—高挺的鼻梁、深邃的双眸和浓密的秀发—迷住了。他的眼睛长得好,其它方面倒也别无特别突出的地方。

While-reading：Words&Phrasessubliminally

/sʌb'liminəli/

ad.belowthethresholdofconsciousperception

下意识地；潜意识地e.g.1.Ihavereadmanybooks,perhapstheyinfluencedmesubliminally.2.Colourhasaprofound,thoughoftensubliminal,influenceonoursensesandmoods.Phrases:AtLeastSubliminally

至少潜意识里PerhapsEvenSubliminallyKnow

可能甚至潜意识知道

我读过很多书，也许受到了它们潜移默化的影响。

颜色对我们的感觉和情绪有一种很深远的影响，尽管常常是潜意识的。While-reading：Words&Phraseswhilst

/waɪlst/

conj.

duringthetimethat,oratthesametimeas

同时；时时，有时；当…的时候e.g.1.Take

regular

breaks

–workdiligently

whilst

youare

atit,butafterthatputitaside.

2.Thefirmwillbeabletoundercutitscompetitorswhilststillmakingaprofit.采取定时休息

-

当你工作时要勤奋，但工作之后要把它放在一边。

该公司将得以把价格压得低于竞争对手而仍能盈利。While-reading：Words&Phrasesregime/reɪ'ʒiːm/

n.asystematicplanfortherapy(oftenincludingdiet);theorganizationthatisthegoverningauthorityofapoliticalunit养生法;政权，政体e.g.1.Hehasanewfitnessregimetostrengthenhisback.2.The

dictator

banned

all

newspapersandbooksthatcriticizedhisregime.

Phrases:

flowregime流态；水流动态waterregime水情；水文状况militaryregime军事政权

currencyregime汇率制度他有一套新的健康养生法来加强他的背部力量。独裁者取缔批评他政权的报刊书籍。While-reading：Words&Phrasesrigor

/'rɪgə/

n.somethinghardtoendure;thequalityofbeinglogicallyvalid严厉；精确e.g.Thereisaneedforacademicrigorinapproachingthisproblem.2.Part

ofthe

reasonforadeclineincriticalthinkingskillscould

beadecreaseinacademicrigor.Wordfamily:rigid

严格的；僵硬的

rigorous

严格的，严厉的

处理这个问题需要学术上的严谨。

大学生批判性思维能力的下降部分归咎于学术严谨性的放松。While-reading：Words&Phrasesgarb

/gɑːb/

n.clothingofadistinctivestyleorforaparticularoccasion

服装；装束；打扮v.

providewithclothesorputclotheson装扮；穿衣e.g.Heworethegarbofageneral.

他身着将军的制服。2.ItgarbofaGoldenA,asaveteransoldier.Synonyms:clothing

/

wear

/

garment

/

costume

它披着一身黄金甲,像一位久经沙场的战士.

While-reading：Words&Phrasesaficionado

/ə,fɪsjə'nɑːdəʊ/n.

afanofbullfighting;aseriousdevoteeofsomeparticularmusicgenreormusicalperformer迷；狂热爱好者e.g.1.Ihappentobeanaficionadooftheopera,andIloveartmuseums.碰巧我是个歌剧迷，而且喜欢艺术馆。2.Every

furniture

aficionado

and

art-collector

wouldbe

eying

this

beautiful

piece

ofdesigner

furniture.

Synonym:fan

每个家具迷和艺术品收藏家都会迷上这件美丽而极具设计感的家具的。While-reading：Words&Phrasesconform

/kən'fɔːm/

v.besimilar,beinlinewith;adaptorconformoneselftonewordifferentconditions

符合；遵照；适应环境e.g.1.Thelamphasbeendesignedtoconformtonewsafetystandards.该灯设计得符合新的安全标准。2.A

mother

maypressureonechildtoconformtoherambitiousexpectations,butallowanothertogo

herown

way.

Collocation:conform

with

符合；与…一致

conforms

to

something

(与愿望等)相符合一位母亲可能会给一个孩子压力，以符合她雄心勃勃的期望，但允许另一个孩子走自己的路。While-reading：Words&Phrasesutilitarian

/jʊ,tɪlɪ'teərɪən/

a.havingausefulfunction;havingutilityoftentotheexclusionofvalues功利的；实用的e.g.1.ItwasJamesMillwhowasthebestpublicistforutilitarianideasongovernment.詹姆斯·米尔才是政府功利主义思想的最佳宣传家。2.Efficiency,

therefore,

can

never

serve

as

a

utilitarian

touchstone

for

law

or

forpublic

policy.

Wordfamily:utility

效用,有用,

utensil

器皿,用具

utilize

利用

因此,效率绝不能作为法律或公共政策的功利主义标准。While-reading：Words&Phrasessynonymous

/sɪ'nɒnɪməs/

a.(ofwords)meaningthesameornearlythesame

同义的；同义词的

e.g.1.Parishasalwaysbeensynonymouswithelegance,luxuryandstyle.2.China

is

now

synonymous

withtheterm"emerging”superpower--almost

everyreference

tothecountrymakessome

mention

of

its

future

global

prowess,

botheconomicandmilitary.

Wordfamily:synonymcollocation:be

synonymous

with与...同义中国现在就是“新兴”超级大国的代名词——几乎每一个国家的参考文献都会提到它未来的国际实力，包括经济和军事方面。巴黎与优雅、华贵和时尚一直是密不可分的。While-reading：Words&Phraseslaundering

/'lɔːndərɪŋ/

n.washingclothesandbedlinens

洗烫e.g.1.“We

discovered

some

evidence

of

money

laundering,

fraud,

and

embezzlement,”he

said.

“我们发现了一些洗钱、欺诈和贪污的证据，”他说。2.ChenShui-bian

isaccusedofembezzlingstate

assets,acceptingbribes,forgery

andmoney-laundering.

Wordfamily:launderv.陈水扁被指控为挪用”国家资产”，受贿，以及造假帐，洗黑钱。

While-reading：Words&Phrasesincidental

/ɪnsɪ'dent(ə)l/

a.minororcasualorsubordinateinsignificanceornatureoroccurringasachanceconcomitantorconsequence

附带的；偶然的e.g.1.Theplayingofmusicprovedtobeincidentaltothemainbusinessoftheevening.2.When

you

resolve

the

actual

conflict,theincidentalconflictswillbe

automaticallyresolved

atthesametimebaseduponhowyoudecidetoresolve

the

conflict.

音乐演奏结果只是当晚主要活动的陪衬。当您解决实际的冲突时，根据您决定如何解决冲突，与此同时那些偶然的冲突将自动地解决。While-reading：Words&Phrasessolitaire

/‘sɒlɪteə/

n.agem(usuallyadiamond)inasettingbyitself；acardgameplayedbyoneperson

单粒宝石的饰物;独居者；

单人玩的牌戏

1.A

week

before

Valentine's

Day,the

one-caratroundsolitairediamondring

set

in14K

whitegold($1,988)isoutofstockonWal-M.

情人节的前一个星期，镶有一克拉圆形单粒钻石的14K白金戒指在沃尔玛的网站上已经脱销。2.When

you're

playing

Minesweeper,

Solitaire

or

Angry

Birds,it'salittle

difficulttoconvinceyourselfthatyou'rebeingproductive.当你在扫雷、纸牌或者愤怒小鸟游戏时，你自己都无法相信自己正在从事创造性的工作。While-reading：Words&Phrasesstud/stʌd/

n.ornamentconsistingofacircularroundedprotuberance(asonavaultorshieldorbelt)大头钉；饰纽e.g.

1.Youseestudsonlotsoffrontdoors.2.Opt

for

stud

earrings

or

single

bracelets.

选择钻石耳环或者单手镯。

你能在许多前门上看到金属饰钉。While-reading：Words&Phrasesfad/fæd/

n.aninterestfollowedwithexaggeratedzeal时尚；一时的爱好e.g.1.Hamnettdoesnotbelieveenvironmentalconcernisapassingfad.2.This

may

seem

like

a

crazy

celebrity

fad,

but

it'snotsuchabadone.

Wordfamily:faddish

风行的；流行一时的faddist

好新奇的人；趋于时尚者哈姆内特不相信对环境的关注是一时的狂热。这也许会看起来像一个疯狂的名人时尚，但是这并不是那么糟糕。While-reading：Words&Phrasesrationing

/'ræʃənɪŋ/

n.theactofrationing定量配给e.g.

1.Themunicipalauthoritiesherearepreparingforfoodrationing.2.As

I

wrote

afew

weeksago,theBritish,unlikeAmericans,havepositivememoriesof

wartime

austerity

andeven

rationing.

此地的市政当局正为食物配给制做准备。如我几周前所写，不像美国，英国对战时的消费节制甚至定量配给有着正面的记忆。While-reading：Words&Phrasesstreamlined

/'striːmlaɪnd/

a.madeefficientbystrippingoffnonessentials;designedorarrangedtooffertheleastresistanttofluidflow

流线型的；改进的1.Many

designers

choose

to

use

this

streamlined

design

foreverything

from

movieposters,

to

band

posters,

to

ad

posters.

2.The

complex

concepts

that

we

worked

through

with

the

online

community

wouldbe

presentedin

an

easier-to-consume,more

streamlined

way.

许多设计师选择使用这种最新型的设计，从电影海报到乐队海报，再到广告海报。我们与网络社区一道克服的复杂概念将会提出一种更加容易和精简的消费方式。While-reading：Words&Phraseshaberdashery

/'hæbədæʃərɪ/

n.thedrygoodssoldbyahaberdasher;astorewheremen'sclothesaresold杂货商店;男子服饰用品店A

quick

mint-lemonadefromajuicestandlaterandwewerepushingthrough

alaneofhaberdasherymerchants,enroutetoasilvershoprunbyaformerMrUniverserunnerup.

在一家果汁摊喝了一杯薄荷柠檬茶后，我们穿过一条开着许多男子饰品店的小巷，来到一家银器店。While-reading：Words&Phrasesspeedy/'spiːdɪ/

a.characterizedbyspeed;movingwithorcapableofmovingwithhighspeed

快的；迅速的e.g.1.WewishBillaspeedyrecovery.2.Once

wemovetoeffectiveandspeedyenvironmentalreview,we'lllead

theworldinproductionof

those

needed

materials.

Synonyms:quick

/

rapid

/

fast

/

forward

/

ready

我们祝比尔早日康复。一旦它们通过有效的、迅速的环保审查，我们就将主导那些重要材料的生产。

While-reading：Words&Phrasesyarn

/jɑːn/

n.afinecordoftwistedfibers(ofcottonorsilkorwoolornylonetc.)usedinsewingandweaving

纱线

1.Shestillspinstheyarnandknitssweatersforherfamily.2.CRAFTSUPPLIES:Whetherit’ssmallitemslikeyarnorbigitemslikea

kiln,

crafthobbies

don’t

haveto

behardonyourwallet.

她仍在为她的家人纺线织毛衣。手工艺品：

无论是小到像纱这样的东西，还是大到像窑这样的东西，对于手工艺的兴趣不会让你为荷包发愁。While-reading：Words&Phrasesfabric

/'fæbrɪk/

n.artifactmadebyweavingorfeltingorknittingorcrochetingnaturalorsyntheticfibers;theunderlyingstructure织物；布；组织；构造e.g.1.Thejacketiscomfortablebecausethefabricbreathes.2.Thefabricofsocietyhasbeendeeplydamagedbythepreviousregime.Phrases:cottonfabric

棉布；棉纤物wovenfabric

织物这件短上衣穿着很舒适，因为这种织物透气。社会结构已被上届执政者严重地破坏了。filter

/'fɪltə/

v.passthrough;removebypassingthroughafilter滤过；渗入e.g.1.Thebestpreventionforcholeraistoboilorfilterwater,andeatonlywell-cookedfood.2.At

this

time

of

day

you

needto

filter

out

the

redlight

to

take

a

goodphoto.

While-reading：Words&Phrases预防霍乱最好的方法是把水煮沸或过滤，并且只吃煮熟的食物。在一天的这个时候，你需要过滤掉红光才能把相照好。While-reading：Words&Phrasesmillennium

/mɪ'lɛnɪrm/

n.aspanof1000years

千年期，千禧年e.g.1.Creative

solidarity

between

all

those

engagedinthestruggleforhealth

is

the

keytoattainingourobjectives,andisitself

oneof

the

eight

Millennium

DevelopmentGoals.

2.Wewaitedastheclocktickedawaythelastfewsecondsoftheoldmillennium.Wordfamily:millennial

一千年的；千禧年的millenarian

一千年的；千禧年的millenary

一千个的；一千年的;千年；一千在为健康而参与斗争的所有人之间的创新团结是实现我们目标的关键，而且本身就是八项千年发展目标之一。我们静候着时钟滴答走过千年的最后几秒钟。persona

/pə'səʊnə/

n.apersonalfacadethatonepresentstotheworld;anactor'sportrayalofsomeoneinaplay