2022届天津市南开中学 高三上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版）（不含听力音频）

PAGE南开中学2022届高三年级第一次月检测英语试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）、第Ⅱ卷（非选择题），共150分，考试用时120分钟。第Ⅰ卷1至13页，第Ⅱ卷第14页至15页。考生务必将客观题答案涂写在答题卡上，将主观题答在答题纸上。在试卷上答题无效。第Ⅰ卷（共115分）第一部分：听力(20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.InaschoolB.InalibraryC.Inahospital2.Whatdidthewomanthinkofthelecture?A.ItwaspopularB.ItwasboringC.Itwasinteresting3.Howisthegirlgoingtospendtheweekend?A.DoingherhomeworkB.PreparingforthecompetitionC.BoatingintheWaterPark4.Wheredoesthewomanmostprobablywork?A.InamusicstoreB.InacomputerlabC.Inaschoollibrary5.Whydidn'tthemangototheexhibition?A.TheticketwastooexpensiveB.BuyingticketstooktimeC.DaVinciwasnothisfavorite第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15)听下面3段材料，每段材料后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段材料读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。6.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.TheirfuturestudyB.ThegraduationpartyC.Collegeentranceexam7.Inwhatfieldistheboymostlikelytoworkinthefuture?A.MedicineB.ComputingC.Banking8.Whatdowelearnaboutthegirl?A.HerunclehasacompanyB.ShedreamsofbecomingadoctorC.ShewantstoliveinHongKong听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。9.Whatdoestheboydoatthegymeveryweek?A.SwimthreetimesB.Takeapart-timejobC.Playpingpongsometimes10.Whydoesn'tthegirlgotothegym?A.Shedoesn'tlikedoingexerciseB.StudyhasbeenherfirstconcernC.Thegymscheduleistootightforher11.Whatisthegirlprobablygoingtodo?A.DosomesportB.MeetherteacherC.Studyevenharder听下面一段独白，回答第12题至15小题。12.WhyisFredinvitedtotheprogram?A.ToadvertisehisdrivingschoolB.TotalkaboutlearningtodriveC.Tosharehisdrivingexperiences13.HowdoFred'scustomersknowabouthim?A.ThroughfriendsB.ThroughnewspapersC.Throughtheprogram14.WhydoesFredhavesomanycustomersnow?A.HeworksharderB.Heiswarm-heartedC.Heofferslowerprices15.WhatdoesFreddofirstintrainingbeginners?A.HecalmsthemdownB.HetalkstothemC.Hesitsbesidethem第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节、单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合空白处的最佳选项。1.—ThankyouforsharingyourBilibilimembershipwithme.—________.That’swhatfriendsarefor.A.Notreally B.Don’tmentionitC.It’suptoyou D.Byallmeans【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——感谢你和我分享你的哔哩哔哩会员。——别客气。这是朋友该做的。A.Notreally.不全是这样；B.Don’tmentionit.别客气；C.It’suptoyou.你决定吧；D.Byallmeans.当然可以、一定。根据上一句表示感谢及That’swhatfriendsarefor.可知，答语是不用客气。故选B。2.Someparentsarejusttooprotective.Theywantto________theirkidsfromeverykindofdamage,realorimagined.A.spot B.dismiss C.shelter D.distinguish【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些父母太过保护孩子了。他们想保护自己的孩子免受各种伤害，不管是真实的还是想象的。A.spot发现；B.dismiss解散；C.shelter保护；D.distinguish区别。根据后文“theirkidsfromeverykindofdamage,realorimagined”指保护孩子免受伤害，应用shelter。故选C。3._________twistsandturnsyoumightencounter,takealeafoutofthebooksofthesetwoauthorsandbepreparedfortheunexpected.A.However B.Nomatter C.Whether D.Whatever【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你可能会遇到什么波折，学学这两位作者，为无法预料的事情做好准备吧。A.However无论如何；B.Nomatter无论；C.Whether是否；D.Whatever无论如何。分析句子可知，主句为祈使句，句意上要表达“无论/不管（遇到什么波折）都……”应使用搭配what的让步状语从句，即nomatterwhat或whatever来引导。故选D项。4.Excuseme,Madam.Ellen,ajournalistfromtheDailyMailallday.Couldyouspeaktohimnow?A.wasphoned B.hasbeenphoned C.isphoning D.hasbeenphoning【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查语态和时态。句意：对不起，Ellen夫人，《每日邮报》的记者打了一整天的电话。你现在可以跟他讲话吗?根据句意可知，动词phone和主语ajournalistfromtheDailyMail之间是主动关系，故排除A和B项，结合句意，根据时间状语allday，此处应用现在完成进行时，表示某动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去，基本结构为“have/hasbeen+现在分词”。故选D项。5.COVID-19massvaccination(疫苗接种)workincommunitieshasgonesmoothlysofar.________,weareconfidentthatthevaccinationratewillincreasesteadily.A.However B.Therefore C.Furthermore D.Afterwards【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，社区大规模疫苗接种工作进展顺利。因此，我们有信心疫苗接种率将稳步上升。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Furthermore此外；D.Afterwards后来。结合前后文语境，“社区大规模疫苗接种工作进展顺利”与“有信心疫苗接种率将稳步上升”为因果关系，应用therefore。故选B。6.Failureis_________,butwhatfailurecanteachusmayneverbetaughtinotherways.A.alarming B.annoying C.desiring D.inspirational【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：失败是令人烦恼的，但失败能教给我们的东西可能永远无法通过其他方式教会我们。A.alarming使人惊恐的；B.annoying令人烦恼的；C.desiring渴望的；D.inspirational启发灵感的。由Failureis可知，失败是让人烦恼的，故选B。7.Betweenthetwohalvesofthefootballgameisa15-minutebreak,__________theaudiencecanhavearest．A.when B.where C.which D.that【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：足球比赛两半场之间有15分钟的休息时间，观众可以休息。分析句子可知__________theaudiencecanhavearest为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词break，关系词在从句中做时间状语，用when。故选A。8.SinglewomenwereallowedtotakepartintheirowncompetitioninancientOlympicGames,ataseparatefestival_______Hera,thewifeoftheGreekgodZeus.A.infavorof B.inhonorof C.inchargeof D.insearchof【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：为了纪念希腊神宙斯的妻子赫拉，单身女性被允许参加他们在古代奥运会上的比赛。A.infavorof赞成；B.inhonorof为了纪念；C.inchargeof负责；D.insearchof寻找。根据句意可知，此处是指为了纪念宙斯的妻子，inhonorof符合题意。故选B。9.Weneedtotakeadifferent_______tosolvingtheproblem.A.way B.approach C.method D.means【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们需要用不同的方法来解决这个问题。四个选项均有“方法”的词义。way：普通用词，可指一般的方法，有时也指个人的方法或方式，也可指特殊的方式或方法；approach：指处理某事的特别方法、途径，一般和to连用；means：指为达到某种目的或目标而采用的方法、手段或途径；method:指有系统、有条理地办事或解决问题的方法。本题由different可知，是解决某事的特别的不同方法，空格后的介词to与approach搭配。故选B项。10.Sheisoneofthegirlsinourclasswho______forthecomingsportsmeetingnow.A.isbeingtrained B.aretrainedC.istraining D.arebeingtrained【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：她是我们班正在为即将到来的运动会接受训练的女孩之一。根据后文now可知应用现在进行时，且定语从句修饰先行词girls，从句谓语动词与先行词保持一致，与谓语动词构成被动关系，用现在进行时的被动语态，谓语应用复数形式，故选D。11.Ithinkyou'dbettergivethebooksto_________needstheminhisstudies.A.thosewho B.everyonewho C.whomever D.whoever【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：我认为你最好把这些书给任何学习上需要的人。A.thosewho那些人；B.everyonewho每个人；C.whomever任何人；D.whoever任何人。to后是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，根据句意可知，空格处意为“任何人”，在从句中作主语，需用whoever，故选D。12.—Whydidn’tyoucometotheparty?—_______,butI’dreallylikesometimealonetoclearmythoughts.A.Nowonder B.Nooffence C.Nocomment D.Nodoubt【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—你为什么没有来参加聚会：—我无意冒犯，但是我真的想有一段时间来整理我的想法。A.Nowonder难怪；B.Nooffence无意冒犯；C.Nocomment无可奉告；D.Nodoubt毫无疑问。结合对话内容可知，说的是没有去参加聚会，不是有意冒犯，只是想要一些时间整理自己的想法。“Nooffence无意冒犯”符合句意，故选择B项。13.AsMorrie_________hisowndeath,heobserveseverythingasthoughtthroughneweyes.A.achieves B.appreciates C.anticipates D.approves【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当莫里预见到自己的死亡时，他以全新的视角观察一切。A.achieves实现，获得；B.appreciates欣赏，感激；C.anticipates预料，预见；D.approves批准，赞成。根据句意可知，anticipates“预料，预见”，符合题意。故选C项。14.AmanfromJiangsuProvincegraduatedfromuniversityattheageof88,_________himtheoldestuniversitygraduateinthecountryA.made B.tomake C.havingmade D.making【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：江苏省一男子88岁大学毕业，成为全国年级最大的大学毕业生。分析句子可知，前半句是主句，谓语动词为“graduated”，后半句则为非谓语动词形式，且主语aman和动词make之间是主动关系，所以是现在分词做状语。故选D项。15.—How’syourtouraroundtheEastLake?Isitbeautiful?—It________be,butitisnowheavilypolluted.A.will B.would C.must D.should【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——你去东湖的旅行怎么样，漂亮吗？——东湖应该是很美的一个湖泊，但现在被污染了。结合后文“butitisnowheavilypolluted”可知言外之意，这个湖泊之美要打上问号。should这个情态动词有“按理推测”的含义，可译成“理应……”等含义，符合对话的真实意图；will表“现在的自然倾向”，would表“过去习惯、倾向”，must表“肯定推测”，均不符句意。故选D。第二节、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，先出最佳选项。AsIworkinthegarden,Itakemytime.Andthegardenis____16____meaboutworkingwiththeearth.Irecognizethattherewillbebothsuccessesandfailuresandtherearemanyfactorsthat____17____themboth.The____18____oftheseedscanaffectthegrowthoftheplants.The____19____canbetoohot,toocold,or____20____right.Weedsneedtobe____21____andthrownawayto____22____thatthefruits,vegetables,andflowerswehaveplantedgrowwell.Itaketimetostandbackandrest,andto____23____theplants.Eachplantis____24____anddevelopsinthewaythatisbestforthem.Somehavelargebroadleavesto____25____theirfruitfromtheraysofthesun,whileotherplantsaremore____26____,theirfruitneedingthe____27____togrowandripen.Gettingmyhands____28____andfeelingthesweatonmyforehead,asIworkunderthesummersun,remindsmeIam____29____inthewaysIwouldn'thaverememberedsittingonthecouch.Ifeelattractedtomovethingsaroundtotransplantandto____30____thenaturalorderofhowplantsgrow.Thegardenteachesmetheimportanceofknowingwhentodisturbthingsandwhentoletthembe.Thegarden'slifecycle____31____apatternthatisrepeatedaccordingtothe____32____ofnature.Birth,growth,andthendeathanditteachesmetoacceptthisfact.Perhapslifeislikethe____33____,successesandfailures,timetobeactiveandtimeto____34____toletgoofwhatisnolongerneeded,tocultivatewhathelpsustogrowintoourlightandpower,andtoreadily____35____lifefrombeginningtoend.16.A.telling B.concerning C.worrying D.teaching17.A.destroy B.affect C.promote D.exchange18.A.quality B.color C.shape D.weight19.A.water B.air C.weather D.wind20.A.approximately B.constantly C.exactly D.occasionally21.A.pulled B.planted C.guarded D.provided22.A.makesense B.findout C.workout D.makesure23.A.tend B.observe C.count D.examine24.A.beautiful B.average C.amazing D.unique25.A.prevent B.separate C.shade D.remove26.A.open B.delicate C.straight D.vivid27.A.energy B.light C.soil D.space28.A.empty B.dirty C.broken D.free29.A.awake B.tired C.alive D.independent30.A.disturb B.find C.enjoy D.guide31.A.discovers B.transforms C.draws D.follows32.A.changes B.reflection C.laws D.development33.A.plant B.sun C.fruit D.garden34.A.rest B.quit C.offer D.fight35.A.expect B.accept C.picture D.receive【答案】16.D17.B18.A19.C20.C21.A22.D23.B24.D25.C26.A27.B28.B29.C30.A31.D32.C33.D34.A35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中作者通过在花园里劳作，学会了如何利用土地，遵循自然的法则，同时领悟到生活就像花园一样，有成功也有失败，有时间活跃也有时间休息，以放下不再需要的东西，培养有助于我们成长为光和力量的东西，并从头到尾欣然接受生命。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：花园教会了我如何利用土地。A.telling告诉；B.concerning关心；C.worrying担心；D.teaching教。根据后文“meaboutworkingwiththeearth”可知指花园教会作者如何利用土地，应用teach。故选D。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道有成功也有失败，有很多因素影响着它们。A.destroy破坏；B.affect影响；C.promote改善；D.exchange交换。呼应后文“oftheseedscanaffectthegrowthoftheplants”指花园被很多因素影响着。故选B。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：种子的质量会影响植物的生长。A.quality质量；B.color颜色；C.shape形状；D.weight重量。根据后文“oftheseedscanaffectthegrowthoftheplants”以及常识，可知种子的质量会影响植物的生长。故选A。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：天气可能太热，太冷，或者正好合适。A.water水；B.air空气；C.weather天气；D.wind风。根据后文“canbetoohot,toocold”可知是在描述天气情况。故选C。【20题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：天气可能太热，太冷，或者正好合适。A.approximately大约；B.constantly总是；C.exactly恰好地；D.occasionally偶尔。根据后文“right”可知指天气恰好合适，应用exactly。故选C。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：杂草需要拔除和扔掉，以确保我们种植的水果、蔬菜和鲜花生长良好。A.pulled拉；B.planted种植；C.guarded守卫；D.provided提供。根据后文“andthrownaway”指拔除杂草，应用pull。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：杂草需要拔除和扔掉，以确保我们种植的水果、蔬菜和鲜花生长良好。A.makesense有意义；B.findout查明；C.workout解决；D.makesure确保。根据后文“thatthefruits,vegetables,andflowerswehaveplantedgrowwell”可知拔除杂草是为了确保我们种植的水果、蔬菜和鲜花生长良好。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花时间站在后面休息，观察植物。A.tend照料；B.observe观察；C.count计数；D.examine检查。根据上文“Itaketimetostandbackandrest,andto”可知作者花时间观察植物，故选B。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每一种植物都是独一无二的，并且以最适合它们的方式生长。A.beautiful美丽的；B.average平均的；C.amazing令人惊讶的；D.unique独特的。根据后文“anddevelopsinthewaythatisbestforthem”可知植物以最适合它们的方式生长，所以是独一无二的。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些植物有宽大的叶子来遮挡它们的果实不受阳光的照射，而另一些植物则更加开放，它们的果实需要阳光来生长和成熟。A.prevent阻止；B.separate分开；C.shade使阴暗；D.remove去除。根据后文“theirfruitfromtheraysofthesun”可知，此处指给果实遮阴，不受阳光的照射，故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些植物有宽大的叶子来遮挡它们的果实不受阳光的照射，而另一些植物则更加开放，它们的果实需要阳光来生长和成熟。A.open公开的；B.delicate静止的；C.straight直接的；D.vivid生动的。上文提到一些植物需要遮阴，那么一些植物则需要阳光，所以需要开放的空间。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些植物有宽大的叶子来遮挡它们的果实不受阳光的照射，而另一些植物则更加开放，它们的果实需要阳光来生长和成熟。A.energy能量；B.light灯光，光线；C.soil土壤；D.space空间。根据后文“togrowandripen”以及常识，可知果实需要光线来生长和成熟。故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我在夏日的阳光下工作时，弄脏双手，感受额头上的汗水，这让我想起了我是活着的，而这是我坐在沙发上不会记起的。A.empty空的；B.dirty脏的；C.broken破碎的；D.free自由的。根据后文“andfeelingthesweatonmyforehead”以及作者在花园里工作，所以会弄脏双手。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我在夏日的阳光下工作时，弄脏双手，感受额头上的汗水，这让我想起了我是活着的，而这是我坐在沙发上不会记得的。A.awake醒着的；B.tired疲惫的；C.alive活着的；D.independent独立的。根据上文“asIworkunderthesummersun,remindsmeIam”可知在花园里劳作，让作者感觉自己是活着的，故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我四处移植来扰乱植物生长的自然秩序。A.disturb打扰；B.find找到；C.enjoy欣赏；D.guide指导。呼应后文“whentodisturbthingsandwhentoletthembe”指扰乱植物生长的自然秩序。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：花园的生命周期遵循一种模式，这种模式是根据自然法则重复的。A.discovers发现；B.transforms变换；C.draws绘画；D.follows遵循，跟随。根据后文“apattern”指遵循一种模式，应用follow。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：花园的生命周期遵循一种模式，这种模式是根据自然法则重复的。A.changes改变；B.reflection反射；C.laws法律，法则；D.development发展。根据后文“ofnature”可知指自然法则，应用laws。故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许生活就像花园一样，有成功也有失败，有时间活跃也有时间休息，以放下不再需要的东西，培养有助于我们成长为光和力量的东西，并从头到尾欣然接受生命。A.plant植物；B.sun太阳；C.fruit水果；D.garden花园。呼应上文中“AsIworkinthegarden”提到的花园，指生活就像花园。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许生活就像花园一样，有成功也有失败，有时间活跃也有时间休息，以放下不再需要的东西，培养有助于我们成长为光和力量的东西，并从头到尾欣然接受生命。A.rest休息；B.quit停止；C.offer提供；D.fight战斗。根据上文“timetobeactiveandtimeto”可知指有时间休息，故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许生活就像花园，有成功也有失败，有时间让自己活跃起来，也有时间让自己放下不再需要的东西，培养帮助我们成长为光明和力量的东西，并从头到尾欣然接受生活。A.expect期待；B.accept接受；C.picture想象；D.receive收到。根据后文“lifefrombeginningtoend”指接受生活，应用accept。故选B。第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AAustinChildren’sMuseumThis7,000-square-footmuseumaimstoentertainandeducatechildrenuptoage9.InitsGlobalCityexhibit,peoplecangoshoppingforgroceries,orderlunchatadiner,pretendthatthey’redoctorsorconstructionworkers,andmore.Inotherfunexhibits,theylearnaboutAustin’shistory,exploretheworldofwater,andexperiencelifeonalargeTexasfarm.Opentime:FromTuesdaytoSaturday,10:00a.m.～5:00p.m.OnSunday,12:00a.m.～5:00p.m.Address:201ColoradoSt,Austin,Texas78701Phone:512-4722499BrooklynChildren’sMuseumFoundedin1899,itistheworld’soldestchildren’smuseum,featuringinteractiveexhibits,workshops,andspecialevents.TheMysteryofThingsteacheschildrenaboutculturalandscientificobjectsandMusicMixwelcomesyoungvirtuosos(名家).Opentime:FromWednesdaytoFriday,2:00p.m.～5:00p.m.OnSaturdayandSunday,10:00a.m.～5:00p.m.Address:145BrooklynAve,Brooklyn,NewYork1213Phone:718-7354400Children’sDiscoveryMuseumThismuseum’shand-onexhibitsexploretherelationshipsbetweenthenaturalandthecreatedworlds,andamongpeopleofdifferentculturesandtimes.ExhibitsincludeStreets,a5/8-scalecopyofanactualcity,withstreetslights,andwaterworks,whichshowshowpumpscanmovewaterthroughareservoirsystem.Opentime:FromMondaytoSaturday,10:00a.m.～5:00p.m.OnSunday,fromnoon.Closedonholidays.Address:180WozWay,GuadalupeRiverPark,SanJose,California95110Phone:408-2985437Children’sMuseumofIndianapolisThismuseumisthelargestofitskind.Exhibitscoverscience,culture,space,history,andexplorations.AmongthemaretheSpaceQuestPlanetarium(additionalfee),the33-foot-highWaterClock,thePlayscapegalleryforpreschools,andtheDinosphereexhibit,alongwithhand-onscienceexhibits.Thelargestgallery,theCenterforExploration,isdesignedforages12andup.Opentime:FromTuesdaytoSunday,10:00a.m.～5:00p.m.ClosedonThanksgivingDayandDecember25.Address:3000NMeridianSt,Indianapolis,Indiana46208Phone:317-334332236.SupposethatDecember25isTuesdaywhichofthefollowingmuseumscanyouvisit?A.AustinChildren’sMuseum. B.BrooklynChildren’sMuseum.C.Children’sDiscoveryMuseum. D.Children’sMuseumofIndianapolis.37.Ifyouwanttoseehowpumpscanmovewaterthroughareservoirsystem,youshouldvisitthemuseumin_______.A.Texas B.NewYork C.California D.Indiana38.Afterenteringthemuseumyouneedtopayanadditionalfeetosee_______.A.theCenterforExploration B.theSpaceQuestPlanetariumC.theGlobalCityexhibit D.Waterworks39.WhichofthefollowingisnotexhibitedinChildren’sMuseumofIndianapolis?A.culture B.history C.explorations D.specialevents40.Thepurposeofwritingthispassageisto_______.A.askadultstovisitmuseumsB.comparesomemuseumsanddecidewhichoneisthebestC.introducesomemuseumsandencourageparentstovisitthemwiththeirchildrenD.introducesomeexhibitsandmuseumstoforeigners【答案】36.A37.C38.B39.D40.C【解析】【分析】本文为一篇应用文。本文介绍了四个儿童博物馆的特色，开放时间和地址和电话信息。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据AustinChildren’sMuseum的“Opentime:FromTuesdaytoSaturday,10:00a.m.～5:00p.m”和其它博物馆的时间描述，可以知道只有AustinChildren’sMuseum在星期二（12月25日圣诞节时）可以参观，故选A。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据Children’sDiscoveryMuseum部分的“ExhibitsincludeStreets,a5/8-scalecopyofanactualcity,withstreetslights,andwaterworks,whichshowshowpumpscanmovewaterthroughareservoirsystem.(展览包括街道,一个实际城市的5/8规模的副本、有路灯和展示水泵如何通过水库系统输送水的自来水厂)”和“Address:180WozWay,GuadalupeRiverPark,SanJose,California95110”可以知道地址是California，因此可知如果你想看看水泵如何通过水库系统移动水，你应该参观加利福尼亚的儿童探索博物馆。故选C。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据Children’sMuseumofIndianapolis的“AmongthemaretheSpaceQuestPlanetarium(additionalfee)(其中包括太空探索天文馆（附加费用）)”可以知道theSpaceQuestPlanetarium是另加钱的，故选B。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据Children’sMuseumofIndianapolis的“Exhibitscoverscience,culture,space,history,andexplorations.(展览涵盖了科学、文化、空间、历史和探索)”可以知道，Children’sMuseumofIndianapolis不包括特殊活动，故选D。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据黑体小标题以及全文内容可知，本文介绍了奥斯汀儿童博物馆，布鲁克林儿童博物馆，儿童探索博物馆以及印第安纳波利斯儿童博物馆的特色，开放时间，地址和电话信息等，因此推断本文是介绍一些儿童博物馆并鼓励家长带孩子参观。故选C。BBarditchHighSchooldecidedtohaveanAll-SchoolReunion.Over450peoplecametotheevent.ThereweretoursoftheoldschoolbuildingandapicnicatConfederatePark.Severalformerteacherswereonhandtotellstoriesabouttheolddays.Ms.MabelYates,theEnglishteacherforoverfiftyyears,waswheeledtothePark.Someeyesrolledandtherewereafewlowgroans(叹息声)whenMs.Yateswasabouttospeak.Manystartedlookingattheirwatchesandcomingupwithexcusestobeanywhereinsteadofpreparingtolistentoalecturefromanoldwomanwhohadfewkindwordsforherstudentsandmadethemworkharderthanalltheotherteacherscombined.ThenMs.Yatesstartedtospeak:“Ican'ttellyouhowpleasedIamtobehere.Ihaven'tseenmanyofyousinceyourgraduation,butIhavefollowedyourcareersandenjoyedyourvictoriesaswellascryingforyourtragedies.Ihavealargecollectionofnewspaperphotographsofmystudents.AlthoughIhaven'tappearedinperson,Ihaveattendedyourcollegegraduations,weddingsandeventhebirthsofyourchildren,inmyimagination.”Ms.Yatespausedandstartedcryingabit.Thenshecontinued:“ItwasmybeliefthatifIpushedyouashardasIcould,someofyouwouldsucceedtopleasemeandotherswouldsucceedtoannoyme.Regardlessofourmotives,Icanseethatyouhaveallbeensuccessfulinyourchosenpath.”“Thereisnogreatercomfortforaneducatorthantoseetheendresultofhisorher.yearsofwork.YouhaveallbeenagreatsourceofpleasureandprideformeandIwantyoutoknowIloveyouallfromthebottomofmyheart.”Therewasasilenceoverthecrowdforafewsecondsandthensomeonestartedclapping.Theclappingturnedintocheering,thenintoadeafeningroar(呼喊).Lawyers,truckdrivers,bankersandmodelswererubbingtheireyesorcryingopenlywithnoshameallbecauseofthewordsfromalongforgottenEnglishteacherfromtheirhometown.41.Whatactivitywasorganizedfortheschoolreunion?A.Sightseeinginthepark B.ApicnicontheschoolplaygroundC.Tellingstoriesaboutpastevents. D.Graduates'reportsintheoldbuilding42.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?A.SomegraduatesweretoobusytolistentoMs.Yates'speechB.ManygraduatesdislikedMs.Yates'waysofteachingC.SomepeoplegottiredfromthereunionactivitiesD.Mostpeoplehadlittleinterestinthereunion43.WhatcanwelearnfromMs.Yates'speech?A.Shekepttrackofherstudents'progressB.ShegaveherstudentsadviceontheircareersC.Sheattendedherstudents'collegegraduationsD.Shewenttoherstudents'weddingceremonies44.WhatwasMs.Yates'beliefinteachingteenagers?A.Teachers'knowledgeisthekeytostudents'achievementB.PressureonstudentsfromteachersshouldbereducedC.Hard-pushedstudentsaremorelikelytosucceedD.Students'respectisthebestrewardforteachers45.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesstudents'responseattheendofMs.Yates'speech?A.Indifferent B.TouchedC.Shameful, D.Depressive.【答案】41.C42.B43.A44.C45.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Barditch高中组织了一次全校同学会，会上英语老师Yates女士的一席发言打动了所有在场的人。虽然她很少对学生说好话，总是要求学生加倍努力，学生们也不喜欢她的教学方式，但是她在学生们毕业后一直关注着他们的情况，她发自心底里爱学生。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Severalformerteacherswereonhandstotellstoriesabouttheolddays.”(几名以前的教师在现场讲述过去的故事。)”可知，同学会组织了一个讲述过去的故事的活动。故选C。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Someeyesrolledandtherewereafewlowgroans(叹息声)whenMs.Yateswasabouttospeak.Manystartedlookingattheirwatchesandcomingupwithexcusestobeanywhereinsteadofpreparingtolistentoalecturefromanoldwomanwhohadfewkindwordsforherstudentsandmadethemworkharderthanalltheotherteacherscombined.”(当Yates准备发言时，一些人翻了个白眼，还发出了几声低低的呻吟。许多人开始看表，找借口到处跑，而不是准备听一位老太太的演讲，她对学生几乎没有什么好话，让他们比其他所有老师加起来都更努力。)可推知，许多毕业生不喜欢Yates女士的教学方式。故选B。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Ihaven’tseenmanyofyousinceyourgraduation,butIhavefollowedyourcareersandenjoyedyourvictoriesaswellascryingforyourtragedies.Ihavealargecollectionofnewspaperphotographsofmystudents.AlthoughIhaven’tappearedinperson,Ihaveattendedyourcollegegraduations,weddingsandeventhebirthofyourchildren,inmyimagination.”(你们毕业后我就没见过你们，但我关注你们的事业，欣赏你们的胜利，也为你们的悲剧哭泣。我收集了大量学生在报纸上的照片。虽然我没有亲自到场，但在我的想象中，我参加了你们的大学毕业典礼、婚礼，甚至是你们孩子的出生。)可知，从Yates女士的演讲中，我们能了解到，她一直在记录学生们人生中的进展情况。故选A。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“ItwasmybeliefthatifIpushedyouashardasIcould,someofyouwouldsucceedtopleasemeandotherswouldsucceedtoannoyme.Regardlessofourmotives,Icanseethatyouhaveallbeensuccessfulinyourchosenpath.”(我相信，如果我尽我所能地逼迫你们，你们中的一些人会成功让我高兴，而另一些人则会成功地生我气。不管我们的动机是什么，我能看到你们都在自己选择的道路上取得了成功。)”可推知，Yates认为那些被严格要求的学生最有可能成功，故选C。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Therewasasilenceoverthecrowdforafewsecondsandthensomeonestartedclapping.Theclappingturnedintocheering,thenintoadeafeningroar(呼喊).Lawyers,truckdrivers,bankersandmodelswererubbingtheireyesorcryingopenlywithnoshameallbecauseofthewordsfromalongforgottenEnglishteacherfromtheirhometown.”(人群中安静了几秒钟，然后有人开始鼓掌。鼓掌变成了欢呼，然后变成了震耳欲聋的吼声（呼喊）。律师、卡车司机、银行家和模特们揉眼睛或公开地哭泣，都是因为他们家乡一位早已被遗忘的英语老师的话。)可知，他们被老师的话感动了。故选B。CItwasapleasantsurprisetolearnthisweekthatthreelargepoultrycompanieshadgreatlyreducedtheiruseofantibioticsinhealthychickens,amovethatcouldhelpslowtheappearanceofantibioticresistanceinbacteriathatcausediseasesinhumans.Othercompaniesoughttofollowtheleadofthesepioneers,andCongressoughttobantheuseofmedicallyimportantantibioticsinanimalhusbandryexcepttocuresickanimals.Strongactionisneededbecausemanygermsthatinfecthumansaregrowingresistanttotreatmentwithantibiotics.Suchresistanceoccursunavoidablyovertimeasantibiotickillsoffvulnerablestrainsofagermandleavesonlythemoreresistantstrainstomultiply.Butinrecentdecadesthegrowthofresistancehasbeenincreasedbyoveruseofantibioticsinagriculture,wherecompaniesroutinelyusethedrugstopromotegrowthonlessfeedandtopreventdiseaseinhealthyanimals.Asaresult,somegermsthatinfectbothanimalsandhumanshavebecomeresistanttoantibiotics,andevengermsthatdonotinfecthumansarecapableoftransferringtheirantibiotic-resistancegenestogermsthatdo.ThatiswhythereportinSunday'sTimesbyMarianBurroswassoencouraging.ShefoundthatthreepoultrycompaniesthatproduceathirdofthechickensconsumedbyAmericanseachyear-FosterFarms,PerdueFarmsandTysonFoods—havegreatlyreducedtheuseofantibioticsinhealthychickensandareusingthemprimarilytotreatsickchickens.Thereisnoreasonthatotherpoultryproducerscouldnotdothesame,andprobablytheporkandbeefindustriesaswell.Itisunacceptablethatanyindustryshouldusemedicallyimportantantibioticsfortheeconomicpurposeoffosteringgrowth.CongressandtheFoodandDrugAdministrationneedtorestraintheuseofanimalantibioticsthatarerelatedtohumanmedicines.46.itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat_________.A.threepoultrycompaniesareforcedtousefewerantibioticsB.othercompanieshavefollowedthepracticeofthepioneersC.antibioticresistanceinbacteriamayresultinhumandiseaseD.antibioticsareneverneededinwhateverkindofsituations47.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,theoveruseofantibiotics_________.A.isinsignificantindiseasepreventionB.isunavoidableinthepoultryindustryC.decreasesbacteriaresistanttotheantibioticsD.threatenstheeffectivenessofrelatedmedicines48.WhydoestheauthormentionMarianBurros'report?A.ToillustratehowthethreepoultrycompaniesuseantibioticsB.ToemphasizethefunctionsofantibioticsinanimalhusbandryC.Toshowtheauthor'spredictionofthefutureuseofantibioticsD.Torepresentthedeclineinantibioticsuseinthepoultryindustry49.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“restrain”inParagraph4?A.increase B.limit C.promote D.restore50.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetotheuseofantibioticstomakeprofit?A.Intolerable B.Favorable C.Neutral D.Ambiguous【答案】46.C47.D48.D49.B50.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了三大家禽公司已经大大减少了抗生素的使用，这一举措可以减缓导致人类疾病的细菌中抗生素耐药性的出现，同时也介绍了抗生素导致细菌耐药性增强的现象，呼吁其它的家禽业也减少抗生素的使用。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Itwasapleasantsurprisetolearnthisweekthatthreelargepoultry(家禽)companieshadgreatlyreducedtheiruseofantibioticsinhealthychickens,amovethatcouldhelpslowtheappearanceofantibioticresistanceinbacteriathatcausediseasesinhumans.(令人惊喜的是，本周得知三家大型家禽公司大幅减少了健康鸡的抗生素使用量，这一举措可能有助于减缓导致人类疾病的细菌出现抗生素耐药性的速度)”可知，细菌对抗生素的耐药性可能导致人类疾病。故选C。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Suchresistanceoccursunavoidablyovertimeasantibiotickillsoffvulnerablestrainsofagermandleavesonlythemoreresistantstrainstomultiply.(随着时间的推移，抗生素不可避免地会杀死脆弱的菌株，只留下更具耐药性的菌株繁殖)”可知，这些被留下的更具有耐药性的菌株会使得药物的有效性降低，故抗生素的过度使用威胁相关药物的有效性。故选D。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Shefoundthatt