2026届广东广州天河区高三一模高考英语试卷试题(含答案详解)

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页2020届天河区普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）英语本试卷共8页，满分120分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷时，考生应清晰识字过的词汇或者书写自己的学校、班级、姓名座位号和考号填写在答题卡相应的位置上，再用2B铅笔把号码对应填涂黑。2.选择题每小题选出答案区后，用2B铅笔把答案卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔或涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOriginallyconstructedasajeeproadbetweenthegunbatteries,theBatteriesLoopTrail(小路)nowprovidesaccesstoandallowsforexplorationofBatterySmith-Guthric,BatteryO’RorkeandBatteryAlexander.TheloopcanbecompletedineitherdirectionfromBatteryAlexander.AlongthetrailonecanexpecttoseeviewsofthePacific,wavescrashinguponRodeoBeachandiftheweatherisparticularlyclear,onecanevenmakeouttheFarallonIslands,some30milesinthedistance.TheBatteryAlexanderTrailheadprovidesaccesstotheBatteriesLoopTrailandadditionalparkingforthePointBonitaLighthouse.BEFOREYOUGOBathroomsAnaccessibletoiletcanbefoundattheBatteryAlexanderparkingarea.AdditionalrestroomscanbefoundattheFieldRd.parkinglot.WaterDrinkingwaterisnotavailablealongthetrail.Avoidbecomingdehydratedorexperiencingheatexhaustion.Drinkplentyanddrinkoften,paceyourself,takebreaksintheshade,andeatsaltysnacks.DogsandTrailEtiquetteLeashed(拴住的)dogsarepermittedontheBatteriesLoopTrail.Pleaseremainontheestablishedtrail.Off-trailtravelharmsplantsandcauseserosion.Alwayskeepyourfoodwithinarm’sreachanddonotfeedthewildlife.Carryoutalltrashandfoodwaste(fruitpeels,shells,etc.).SAFETYTIPSSeeup-to-datewarningsoncurrentparkandtrailconditions.Stayontheestablisedtrail.Keepaneyeoutforpoisonoak.Readourfourseasonguidetopoisonoak.Observewarningsignsandrailings—theseexistforyoursafety.Dressinlayersandbepreparedforvaryingweatherconditions.Sunnydaysalongthecoastcanturnwindy,foggy,andcoldveryfast.ViewourGoldenGateBridgewebcamstoseecurrentconditions.Donotclimbontheconstantbluffsoredges—thesandandrocksarelooseanderodinganddangerous!Peoplehavefallenfromthesecliffs.1．WhatdoestheBatteriesLoopTrailserveas?A．Ajeeproad. B．AroadtotheFarallonIslands.C．Achallenginghikingroute. D．AswimmingspotnearRodeoBeach.2．Whatissuggestedasasafetytip?A．Dressingwarm. B．Climbingonthecoastaledges.C．Exploringoffthetrail. D．Checkingcurrentinformation.3．Whatisthemainpurposeofthistext?A．Toadvertiseanewtouristattraction.B．Tocomparedifferenthikingtrails.C．Towarnagainstdangerouswildlife.D．Toprovideessentialvisitorinformation.BLynn’sworldfellapartin2018.Herson,James,anavyflightsurgeon,wasfatallyinjuredinamissionandpassedaway.ItwastimeforLynntohonourthespiritofamanwhohadswitchedfromstudyingcommerceengineeringtomedicinebecausehewantedtohelppeople.Lynninstructedthehospitaltobegintheorgandonationprocess.Thesefewwords,ashardastheyweretosay,wouldsoonrippleoutward,allowingamantoreturntowork,aveterantoregainhishealth,andacyclisttogetbackonhisbike.Mikewasdiagnosedwithleukemiain2004.Sixyearsoftreatmentandexercisepaidoff.Tocelebratehissixthyearwithoutcancer,MikedecidedtoridehisbiketoNewYork.Unfortunately,hishealthdeterioratedandoneeveningin2017,hestartedhavingchestpains.Thatwaswhenamother’sveryworstdaybecameastranger’sbest.James’heartwasbeatinginthecancersurvivor’schestnow.Themorninghewokeupfromthetransplant,Mikefoundhimselfrecharged.OfthefourlettersLynnhadsenttotherecipients,onereachedMike.Lynndescribedherson’sdevotiontohiscountry,thefactthatheconsideredeveryoneafriend,andhisloveforscubadiving,snowboarding,andmotorcycling.Thesepagespaintedapictureofjusthowspecialhisnewheartwas.Mikecarefullycomposedaresponse,accuratelyexpressinghisgratitudeandcommunicatinghisdesiretostayintouchwithJames’family.Itwasabalm(药膏)forawoundthatLynnfeltwouldneverheal.Andsobegantheemailsandtexts.SheevenbeganfollowingMike’sInstagramposts.“Knowinghewasdoingwellreallyhelped,”shesays.Duringhisrecovery,Mikehadhatchedaplantocyclecross-countryagain,fromthehospitalthattreatedhimtoJames’grave.Whenhebeganthe1,430-milejourneyin2019,LynnfollowedanxiouslyonhisInstagram.Despitesetbacks—steepclimbs,wrongturns,flattires—Mikepressedon.OnNovember20,hearrivedatJames’grave,whereLynnwaited.Theyhugged.Thencamethetears—notofsorrow,butrelief.ApartofJameslivedon,andtwostrangersconnectedbylossandhopebecamefamily.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deteriorated”meaninparagraph2?A．declined. B．Improved. C．Recovered. D．Stabilized.5．Whatisthemainideaofparagraph4?A．Mother’sloveforherson. B．James’amazingpersonalities.C．Mike’sthoughtfulresponse. D．InteractionbetweenLynnandMike.6．WhydidMikecyclecross-countryin2019?A．Totesthisphysicalstrength B．Toshowhisgreatgratitude.C．Toraisefundfororgandonation. D．Topickuphisformerhobby.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Organdonationmatters. B．Agreatheartbeatson.C．Across-countrycyclistsurvives. D．Socialmediaconnectspeople.COvermillionsofyears,humanshaverespondedtocertainsituationswithoutthinkingtoohard.Ifourancestorsspottedmovementinthenearbyforest,theywouldrunfirstandquestionlater.Theabilitytoanalyzeandplanispartofwhatseparatesusfromotheranimals.Thequestionofwhentotrustyourinstinct(直觉)mattersintheofficeasmuchasintheforest.Slowthinkingisthefeatureofawell-managedworkplace.Yetinstinctalsohasitsplace.Somedecisionsaremoreconnectedtoemotionalresponsesandlesstoanalysis.Indemandingcustomer-serviceorpublic-facingsituations,instinctisoftenabetterguidetohowtobehave.Instinctcanalsobeimproved.Plentyofresearchhasshownthatinstinctbecomesmoreaccuratewithexperience.Inonewell-knownexperiment,volunteersjudgedwhetherdesignerhandbagswererealorfake.Someweretoldtorelyoninstinct,otherstodeliberate.Instinctworkedbetterforthosewhoownedatleastthreedesignerhandbags.Themoreexpertyoubecome,thebetteryourinstincttendstobe.However,therealreasontoembracefastthinkingisthatitis,well,fast.Itisoftentheonlywaytogetthroughtheday.Whenyourinboxfloodswithnewemailsatthestartoftheday,thereisnowaytoreadthemallcarefully.Instincthelpsyoudecidewhichtoanswerandwhichtodelete.Fastthinkingcanalsohelptheentireorganization.Thevalueofmanymanagerialdecisionsliesinthesimplefactthattheyhavebeenmade.Yetasdata-explodes,thetemptationtoaskforonemorebitofanalysisishardertoresist.Managersoftenoverthink,turningasimpleproblemintoacomplexone.Whentouseinstinctintheworkplacerestsonitsownformofpatternrecognition.Doesthedecisionmakerhaverealexpertise?Isthisafieldinwhichemotionmattersmorethanreasoning?Aboveall,isitworthdelayingthedecisiontoslowthinkingisneededtogetthebigcallsright.Butfastthinkingisthewaytostopdeliberationturningintoawasteoftime.8．Whydoestheauthormentionourancestorsintheforest?A．Theymanagedtolivethereforlong. B．Theysurvivedinsuchadangerousplace.C．Theydifferedfromanimalsinthinking. D．Theyleftusavaluableskill.9．Whatcanbeinferredaboutinstinctinparagraph3?A．Evenexpertsrelyoninstinct. B．Experiencecontributestoinstinct.C．Instinctworksbetterthananalysis. D．Instinctmattersindecision-making.10．Howdoesinstincthelppeopleintheworkplace,accordingtoparagraph4?A．Toanswermassiveemails. B．Toanalyzeexplodingdata.C．Tomakequickdecisions. D．Tosolvecomplexproblems.11．Howdoestheauthorconveyhis/herideasinthetext?A．Bycontrasting. B．Bygivingdefinitions.C．Bylistingdata. D．Byusingcause-effect.DModernlivesoftenmakepeopleovereat.Thisusuallyhappensduringholidays,orwhenthey’restressed,likewhilepreparingforexams.AstudybyDr.StephanicKullmann’steamattheUniversityofTübingen,Germany,showsthatevenfivedaysofovereatingcancausebigandlastingchangesinbrainsofhealthyyoungmen.Theexperimenthad29malevolunteersaged19-27withnormalbodyweight.Volunteersweredividedintotwogroups.Theexperimentalgroupadded1,500extracalorieseverydaylikechocolatebarsandpotatochipsforfivedays,whilethecontrolgroupkepttheirnormaldiet.Researchersusedwhole-brainMRItoexaminethebraininsulin(胰岛素)activity.Theyalsodidbloodtestsandmeasuredliverfattocheckmetabolic(代谢的)changes.Theresultsshowedafteronlyfivedaysofovereating,volunteersdevelopedmoreliverfatandshowedchangedinsulinsensitivityinbrainregionsrelatedtorewardprocessing.Inpsychologicaltests,theybecamelesssensitivetorewardandmoresensitivetopunishment.Surprisingly,thesechangeshappenedwithoutanybigweightgain.Thismeansthatthebrainreactstowhatweeatbeforeweseeanyphysicalchanges.Dr.Kullmannsaid,“Thespeedoftheseneurological(神经系统的)changessurprisedus—theyaredetectablebeforeanyvisibleweightchanges.”Perhapsthemoreworryingwasthelong-termeffects.Oneweekaftervolunteersreturnedtotheirnormaldiets,memory-relatedareasofthebrainshowedlowerinsulinsensitivity.Thebrain’swhitematter,whichhelpsthenervestalktoeachotherwell,alsoshowedchanges.Itappearedlikethoseinfatpeople;raisingimportantquestionsabouthowshort-termovereatingcouldleadtolong-termhealthproblems.Thestudy’sfindingsgoagainstwhatweusuallythinkaboutoccasionalovereating.Itbroughtnobigchangesinweightbutinbrain,whichmightmakeitharderforpeopletoeathealthilyinthefuture.Therewardsystemmightcreateaviciouscyclewhereunhealthyfoodsbecomemoreattractivewhilehealthychoicesseemlessrewarding.AsDr.Kullmannconcludes,“Ourbrainsaremoresensitivetodietarychangesthanwerealized—whatweeattodaymayinfluencehowwethinkandchoosetomorrow.”12．Whatdidtheresearchersdointheexperiment?A．Groupingthevolunteersbythebodyweight. B．Increasingtheparticipants’dailycaloricintake.C．Examiningtheparticipants’physicalchanges. D．Recordingthefrequencyofthebrainactivity.13．Whathappenedtothevolunteersafterfivedaysofovereating?A．Theyhadanincreaseinfat. B．Theyweremoreinterestedinreward.C．Theygainedsignificantweight. D．Theyshowedchangedrewardprocessing.14．Whatisthemainideaofparagraph4?A．Thebrain’swhitemattercontrolsneuralcommunication.B．Short-termovereatinghasharmfullong-termhealtheffects.C．Memory-relatedareasofthebrainislesssensitive.D．Fatpeoplehavesimilarbrainchanges.15．Whatdoesthestudysuggestaboutoccasionalovereating?A．Itdeterminesourfutureeatinghabits. B．Itmaycauseabadcycleoffoodchoice.C．Itisharmlessasthereisnoweightgain. D．Itaffectsthebraintemporarily.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thirstisoneofthefundamentalurgesanorganismcanhave.Afterall,wateristhesubstancethatwerelyontotransportessentialmolecules(分子)andotherparticlesaroundourbodiestokeepusalive.16Shouldn’twehavedevelopedatasteforthisessentialsubstance?17Severalnewstudiesseemtoshownotonlythatwaterdoes,infact,haveataste,butthatwemighthavetastebuds(味蕾)thatresponddirectlytoit.Wenowknowthatthereareatleastfivebasictastes:salty,sour,sweet,bitterandumami.18Researchershavesoughttosolvetheissueonceandforall.They’vefiguredoutanexperimentthatseekstoidentifyanywater-sensingtastereceptorcells(TRCs)onthetonguesoflabmice.TheteamfirstusedatechniqueknownasgeneticknockouttosilencedifferenttypesofTRCs,inordertoremovethepossibilitythatthosecellsmightaccidentallydiscoversomeothertastewithinthewaterbesidesthewateritself.19Itturnedoutthattheacid-sensingsourTRCswerestillfiringactively,indicatingthesecellsmighthaveadoublepurpose,capableofdistinguishingwateroracidicfluids.Soifyou’reonthesideofthedebatethatarguesthatwaterisflavorless,youmightstillbecorrect.20Thestudyalsoopensupthepossibilitythatourtonguesandtastebudsmightbedoingmorethanmerelyprovidinguswithasenseoftaste.Ifthisstudydoesn’tprovethatwateristhesixthflavor,itmightstillbethefirstevidenceofawholeothersenseentirely:awatersense.A．Well,perhapswehave.B．Actually,wehaveasixthtasteforwater.C．Ourtastebudsaretiedtoaflavorofwater.D．Soit’sperhapsabitdoubtfulthatwaterdoesn’tseemtohaveanyflavor.E．Butwaterisn’tsenseless,atleastitdoesn’tappearthatwayaccordingtothisresearch.F．Theythenwashedtheirmouthswithwatertoseeifanycellswerestillresponding.G．Ifthereisasixthtasteforwaterexists,thenthereshouldbeevidencesomewhereinthemouthortongue.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasoffereda“great”professionalopportunityappealingtoeveryoneinmyfield.Therewasoneproblem:Ididn’twantit.Despitethis,Isaid“yes”—itseemedlikeano-brainer.Whilepreparingforthenewrole,Iexperiencedafeelinginmychestandfoundmyselfweepingfornoreason.Concerned,Itheprogramdirectorandexplainedmysituation.Sheenthusiasticallylistedthejob’sincredibleliketheflexibleschedule,andthereasonswhycountlessteacherswoulddesireit.ShealsomadethecaseforwhythiswouldprovideexactlytherechargeandrestorationIneeded.Herinfectiouspulledmebackintothe“should”mode,convincingmedecliningwas.Thefamiliarinternaldialogueof“Ishould;Ishould...”resounded,leavingmefeeling.

Then,Imadeachange.focusingonwhytheopportunityseemedperfectforothers,Iasked:Isitrightforme?Thissimplebroughtmefreedomandclarity.Byacknowledgingmyownfeelingsoverexternalexpectations,Iwithmytrueself.IrealizedIwishedIwantedit;lifewouldbeeasier.Andyet,itwasnotwhatinrealityIwantedatthismoment.We’reoftenconditionedtowhatwe’retaughttowant,prioritizingexternalguidelinesforhappiness.However,theseexternalconstructsoffulfillmentoftentomatchwhatyoudowantandwhatactuallymakesyouhappy.yourowndesiresisaninternalprocessthatonlyyouhaveaccessto.Trustingyourownwantingisthepathbacktoyourtrueself,andyourpower,whichultimatelyleadstogenuine.21．A．immediately B．regularly C．shyly D．suddenly22．A．funny B．familiar C．weighty D．strange23．A．referredto B．reachedoutto C．dependedon D．respondedto24．A．benefits B．effects C．requirements D．opportunities25．A．dream B．moment C．experience D．schedule26．A．enthusiasm B．devotion C．kindness D．patience27．A．mean B．selfish C．rude D．foolish28．A．trapped B．hurt C．concerned D．disappointed29．A．Inadditionto B．Insteadof C．Inspiteof D．Bymeansof30．A．troth B．method C．question D．opinion31．A．reconnected B．discussed C．worked D．competed32．A．learn B．miss C．practice D．seek33．A．have B．continue C．happen D．appear34．A．Discovering B．Expressing C．Balancing D．Questioning35．A．wisdom B．admiration C．happiness D．success第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。MountTai,atoweringpeakinShandongprovince,China,isfamousforitssteepterrainwithover7,000steps.Climbingthismountainischallenging.especiallyfortheelderlyandthosewithmobilityissues.Fortunately,AI-poweredexoskeletons(外骨骼机器人)aremakingthejourneysimpler.Theseroboticlegs,36(weigh)only1.8kilograms,aredesignedtowraparoundusers’waistsandlegs,offeringassistance37(ease)theburdenonlegs.Usersreportedfeelinglikesomeonewaspullingthemuphill,makingtheclimbmucheasier.However,somementioned38(convenience)inusingthedeviceforactivitiesliketyingshoelacesorusingthebathroom.39theseissues,theexoskeletonsareseenasa“trueblessing”forseniorcitizensandthemobility-impairedvisitors.Thisinnovationnotonlyaidsmountainclimbing40highlightspotentialapplicationsinelderlycare,41growingmarketinChina,in42thepopulationofseniorsisrapidlyincreasing.Thesmartelderlycaremarket43(estimate)at6.8trillionyuanlastyear.KenqingTechnology,theco-developer,iseyeingthisvastmarketnowandhaslaunchedanexoskeleton44(specific)designedforelderlyusers.Tofullyunlockthepotentialofelderlycarerobots,industryinsiderstoldXinhuaNewsAgencythatstrongerpolicysupportisneededtopromotethelarge-scaleapplicationwhilekeepingprices45(afford)forall.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．假如你是李华。为了提升同学们的英语口语，外教Mr.Smith打算组织一次英语戏剧表演比赛，现征集同学们的意见。请你给他写封邮件，表达你的看法和建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMr.Smith,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面科目，根据其内容和所给段落开自语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Melodystoodattheedgeofthehalf-pipe,heartbeatingfast.Thesteepramp(坡)challengedhertodropin.Shebentherkneesandspreadherarmsalittletokeepherbalance.Whenshereachedtheotherside,shewentuphigh.Thenshedivedbackdownandupagain,enjoyingthethrilloftheride.Patrick,anotherskater,cheered,HewasayearaheadofMelodyinschool,butthey’dbecomefriendsattheskatepark.“Igotitonvideo.”Momsaid,wavingherphoneasMelodyrodeawayfromthehalf-pipe.Melodysmiled.Shewantedtobeabletoshowherfarawaycousinsherfavoriteactivity.Whenitwasherturnagain,shesetupand—herskateboardsuddenlyshotoutfromunderher!Herarmsmovedaroundwildly,andthenshewasontheground.“Ow!Mywrist!”shewhimpered.Patrickrushedover.“YouOK?”Momwasthereasplitsecondlater.“Hopeyoudidn’tgetthatonvideo,Mrs.B.”Patrickjoked.Melodysniffed.“Ha.”Shetriedtomoveherhandandwinced(痛得呲牙).“Let’sgetyoutothedoctor,sweetie,”Momsaid.TwohourslaterintheMedi-Center.Dr.Dasfinishedupthecast(石膏)andsaid,“Sixweeks,andyou’llbeasgoodasnew.”Onthewayhome,Melodyandhermompassedtheskatepark.Melodyreadthebigsignpaintedonthewall:NOFEAR.“Sixweeks,andyou’llbeasgoodasnew.”Nofear.Melodythoughtaboutthesewordsalotoverthenextsixweeks.Buteverytimeshereplayedthecrashinhermind,herstomachflip-flopped.Still,bythetimethecastcameoff,Melody’sboardwascallinghername.Sheandhermomreturnedtotheskatepark.“Justtakeitslow,”Momcalledfromthebench.Melodyskatedaroundforawhile.Sheconcentratedontheboardunderherfeetandpoppedakickflip.Itfeltgood,butshemissedthehalf-pipemorethananything.“Hey,Mel,welcomeback!”Patrickcalled.Melodysmiledback.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Lookingupatthetopedgeofthehalf-pipe,shehesitated.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Shewipedhersweatyforehead,andclimbedtothetop.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．A2．D3．D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍炮台环路小径的背景、可达景点，还提供出发前的卫生间、饮水、宠物礼仪提示及安全建议，为游客提供实用信息。1．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Originallyconstructedasajeeproadbetweenthegunbatteries,theBatteriesLoopTrailnowprovidesaccesstoandallowsforexplorationofBatterySmith-Guthric,BatteryO’RorkeandBatteryAlexander.(炮台环路小径最初是作为炮台之间的吉普车道路修建的，现在可以通往并探索史密斯-格思里炮台、奥罗克炮台和亚历山大炮台。)”可知，该小径最初的用途是吉普车道路。故选A项。2．细节理解题。根据SAFETYTIPS部分第一句“Seeup-to-datewarningsoncurrentparkandtrailconditions.(查看关于当前公园和小径状况的最新警告。)”可知，“查看最新信息”是被建议的安全提示。故选D项。3．推理判断题。通读全文特别是第一段“Originallyconstructedasajeeproadbetweenthegunbatteries,theBatteriesLoopTrailnowprovidesaccesstoandallowsforexplorationofBatterySmith-Guthric,BatteryO’RorkeandBatteryAlexander.(炮台环路小径最初是作为炮台之间的吉普车道路修建的，现在可以通往并探索史密斯-格思里炮台、奥罗克炮台和亚历山大炮台。)”可知，文章依次介绍了炮台环路小径的背景用途、可达景点、出发前的卫生间和饮水提示、宠物礼仪，以及安全注意事项，整体是为游客提供必要的出行信息。故选D项。4．A5．D6．B7．B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。2018年琳恩之子詹姆斯牺牲后捐器官，其心脏救了迈克。二人通过书信等互动，迈克2019年骑行至詹姆斯墓前致谢，二人因爱与希望相连。4．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Sixyearsoftreatmentandexercisepaidoff.Tocelebratehissixthyearwithoutcancer,MikedecidedtoridehisbiketoNewYork.Unfortunately,hishealthdeterioratedandoneeveningin2017,hestartedhavingchestpains.(六年的治疗和锻炼有了成效。为了庆祝自己抗癌成功六周年，迈克决定骑自行车去纽约。不幸的是，他的健康状况deteriorated，2017年的一个晚上，他开始胸痛。)”可知，unfortunately表转折，说明健康状况从“好转”转向糟糕，最终引发胸痛，deteriorated应意为“恶化、下降”，与A选项“declined(衰退、恶化)”一致。故选A项。5．主旨大意题。根据第四段“OfthefourlettersLynnhadsenttotherecipients,onereachedMike.Lynndescribedherson’sdevotiontohiscountry,thefactthatheconsideredeveryoneafriend,andhisloveforscubadiving,snowboarding,andmotorcycling.Thesepagespaintedapictureofjusthowspecialhisnewheartwas.Mikecarefullycomposedaresponse,accuratelyexpressinghisgratitudeandcommunicatinghisdesiretostayintouchwithJames’family.Itwasabalm(药膏)forawoundthatLynnfeltwouldneverheal.Andsobegantheemailsandtexts.SheevenbeganfollowingMike’sInstagramposts.(琳恩寄给四位收件人的信中，有一封送到了迈克手里。信里，她讲述了儿子对国家的忠诚、视所有人为朋友的待人之道，以及他对水肺潜水、单板滑雪和摩托车运动的热爱。这些文字生动勾勒出那颗新心脏的主人曾是多么特别。迈克精心写了回信，既真切表达了感激之情，也提出希望与詹姆斯一家保持联系。这封信就像一剂药膏，抚慰着琳恩那道本以为永远无法愈合的伤口。自此，两人开始互通邮件与信息，琳恩甚至还关注了迈克的照片墙动态。)”可知，该段核心围绕琳恩与迈克的互动展开，包括发信、回信及后续线上关注。故选D项。6．细节理解题。根据第五段“Duringhisrecovery,Mikehadhatchedaplantocyclecross-countryagain,fromthehospitalthattreatedhimtoJames’grave.Whenhebeganthe1,430-milejourneyin2019,LynnfollowedanxiouslyonhisInstagram.Despitesetbacks—steepclimbs,wrongturns,flattires—Mikepressedon.OnNovember20,hearrivedatJames’grave,whereLynnwaited.Theyhugged.Thencamethetears—notofsorrow,butrelief.ApartofJameslivedon,andtwostrangersconnectedbylossandhopebecamefamily.(康复期间，迈克酝酿了一个计划：再次骑行穿越全国，从救治他的医院出发，前往詹姆斯的墓地。2019年，当他开启这段1430英里的旅程时，琳恩在照片墙上焦急地关注着他的动态。尽管遭遇不少挫折——陡峭的爬坡、走错的路线、漏气的轮胎——迈克仍坚持前行。11月20日，他终于抵达詹姆斯的墓地，琳恩已在那里等候。两人相拥而泣，这泪水无关悲伤，满是释然。詹姆斯的一部分以这样的方式继续存在，而这两位因失去与希望相连的陌生人，也成了家人。)”可知，迈克骑行到詹姆斯墓前，是为了向捐赠心脏的詹姆斯及其家人表达感激。故选B项。7．主旨大意题。通读全文特别是第五段“Duringhisrecovery,Mikehadhatchedaplantocyclecross-countryagain,fromthehospitalthattreatedhimtoJames’grave.Whenhebeganthe1,430-milejourneyin2019,LynnfollowedanxiouslyonhisInstagram.Despitesetbacks—steepclimbs,wrongturns,flattires—Mikepressedon.OnNovember20,hearrivedatJames’grave,whereLynnwaited.Theyhugged.Thencamethetears—notofsorrow,butrelief.ApartofJameslivedon,andtwostrangersconnectedbylossandhopebecamefamily.(康复期间，迈克酝酿了一个计划：再次骑行穿越全国，从救治他的医院出发，前往詹姆斯的墓地。2019年，当他开启这段1430英里的旅程时，琳恩在Instagram上焦急地关注着他的动态。尽管遭遇不少挫折——陡峭的爬坡、走错的路线、漏气的轮胎——迈克仍坚持前行。11月20日，他终于抵达詹姆斯的墓地，琳恩已在那里等候。两人相拥而泣，这泪水无关悲伤，满是释然。詹姆斯的一部分以这样的方式继续存在，而这两位因失去与希望相连的陌生人，也成了家人。)”可知，文章围绕“詹姆斯的心脏在迈克体内跳动，生命以另一种形式延续”展开，“Agreatheartbeatson(一颗伟大的心脏继续跳动)”既指物理上的心脏跳动，也暗指詹姆斯的精神传承，契合主旨。故选B项。8．D9．B10．C11．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出人类需权衡直觉与慢思考，职场中慢思考重要但直觉也有用，经验能提升直觉，其优势是快速，还给出职场使用直觉的判断依据。8．推理判断题。根据第一段“Overmillionsofyears,humanshaverespondedtocertainsituationswithoutthinkingtoohard.Ifourancestorsspottedmovementinthenearbyforest,theywouldrunfirstandquestionlater.Theabilitytoanalyzeandplanispartofwhatseparatesusfromotheranimals.Thequestionofwhentotrustyourinstinct(直觉)mattersintheofficeasmuchasintheforest.(在数百万年的漫长岁月里，人类在面对某些情况时往往无需深思熟虑就能做出反应。如果我们的祖先在附近的森林中察觉到有动静，他们会先跑起来，然后再去思考。分析和规划的能力正是将我们与其他动物区分开来的关键所在。在办公室里以及在森林中，何时相信自己的直觉同样至关重要)”可知，作者提及森林中的我们的祖先是为了说明他们留给了我们一项宝贵的技能。故选D。9．推理判断题。根据第三段“Instinctcanalsobeimproved.Plentyofresearchhasshownthatinstinctbecomesmoreaccuratewithexperience.(直觉也可以得到提升。大量研究已经表明，随着经验的积累，直觉会变得更加准确)”可知，经验有助于形成直觉。故选B。10．细节理解题。根据第四段“Instincthelpsyoudecidewhichtoanswerandwhichtodelete.Fastthinkingcanalsohelptheentireorganization.(直觉能帮助你决定哪些信息需要回复，哪些则需要删除。快速的思维能力也能为整个组织带来益处)”可知，直觉在职场中帮助人们迅速做出决策。故选C。11．推理判断题。根据第二段“Slowthinkingisthefeatureofawell-managedworkplace.Yetinstinctalsohasitsplace.Somedecisionsaremoreconnectedtoemotionalresponsesandlesstoanalysis.Indemandingcustomer-serviceorpublic-facingsituations,instinctisoftenabetterguidetohowtobehave.(缓慢的思考是管理有序的工作场所所具有的特点。然而，直觉也有其存在的价值。有些决策更多地与情感反应相关，而较少依赖分析。在需要提供客户服务或面对公众的场合中，直觉往往能更好地指导我们如何行事)”以及全文围绕“快速思考（直觉）”与“慢速思考（分析）”展开，通过对比两者适用场景传递观点：如“职场需要慢速思考，但直觉也有位置”、“慢速思考适合重大决策，快速思考避免时间浪费”。可知，作者通过对比表达其观点。故选A。12．C13．D14．B15．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。德国一项研究显示，健康年轻男性即便五天暴饮暴食（无明显增重），大脑也会出现持久变化，还可能引发长期健康问题，且会影响未来饮食选择。12．细节理解题。根据第二段“Theexperimenthad29malevolunteersaged19-27withnormalbodyweight.Volunteersweredividedintotwogroups.Theexperimentalgroupadded1,500extracalorieseverydaylikechocolatebarsandpotatochipsforfivedays,whilethecontrolgroupkepttheirnorma