2025-2026学年高一英语（人教版2019）导学案必修二学习讲义UNIT4SectionⅢ新知学习环节

SectionⅢ“ReadingandThinking”的新知学习环节一、阅读单词——知其义1．theUnitedKingdom 联合____________2．sharethesamecurrency 共用同样的______3．militarydefence ____________防御二、重点单词——写其形1.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①twoadvantages两个主要优势,②theparty这位政党首领))2.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①thecountry这个邻近的国家,②acouplestanding,站在旁边的一对夫妇))3．__________England占领英格兰4．afierce__________一场激烈的战役5．namesofmany__________许多地方的名称6．anancient________city一个古老的港口城市三、活用单词——悉其变1.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①adisease令人困惑的疾病,②expression困惑的表情,③solvea解决一个谜题,④frownin困惑地皱眉))2.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①inofourcountry保卫祖国,②theborders保卫边疆))3.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①system法律制度,②dobusiness合法经商,③act非法行为))4.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①bebystudents被学生包围,②mountains周围的山,③natural自然环境))5.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①findkey找到关键证据,②anmistake一个明显的错误))6.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①astory一个迷人的故事,②bebythebeautifulscenery,被美丽的景色迷住了))四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词)1．evident：“­ce变­t”→adj.①confidence→confidentadj. 自信的②silence→silentadj. 沉默的③patience→patientadj. 耐心的④independence→independentadj. 独立的2．puzzlement：“v.＋­ment”→n.①move→movementn． 运动②agree→agreementn. 协定③arrange→arrangementn. 安排④improve→improvementn. 改善五、高级词块——通其用1．______________ 把……和……连接或联结起来2．______________ 脱离；背叛；逃脱3．______________ 导致4．______________ 提到；涉及5．______________ 属于6．______________ 合作7．______________ 同(一样也)；和；还8．______________ 接管9．______________ 留下10．______________ 追溯到11．______________ 留心；留意1．GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.稍微了解一下英国历史，就可以帮助你解开这个谜题。★puzzlen．谜；智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑|用|法|感|知|•Whatpuzzlesmemostabouttheplayishowweshoulduseproperstagelanguagesfordifferentroles.关于这部戏剧，最令我困惑的是我们应该如何为不同的角色使用合适的舞台语言。•(“动作描写”写作佳句)Eachliftedtheirheadsandcastmeapuzzledlook.每个人都抬起头来，困惑地看着我。•Shefoundthissopuzzlingthatshemovedclosertoherfather.她觉得这太令人费解了，于是她向父亲靠拢。eq\a\vs4\al([归纳点拨])(1)beinapuzzle(about)(对……)感到困惑不解apuzzletosb. 对某人来说是个谜(2)puzzlingadj. 令人迷惑的puzzledadj. 感到困惑的(3)bepuzzledwith/about 对……迷惑不解(4)puzzlementn. 困惑inpuzzlement 迷惑地|应|用|融|会|(1)单句语法填空①Thepatientlooked_________(puzzle),andthenreplied,“Ohthisisn'tforthecareIhad.”②Iwrotedownallthequestionsthat________(puzzle)meaboutlife.③Frankly,thesefindingsarealittle________(puzzle)tome.④Someparentswillbuyanyhigh­techtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchildren,butresearcherssaid__________(puzzle)helpchildrenwithmath­relatedskills.(2)替换加黑词汇⑤Iwassoconfusedthoughts.__________arrangemythoughts.__________2．Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK,whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.最后，在二十世纪时，爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国，形成了今天的英国全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。★breakaway(sb./sth.sb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱|用|法|感|知|•Jimbrokeawayfromhisfriends,saying,“Ihavegottohitthebooks.”吉姆离开了他的朋友，说：“我得去学习了。”•Therewasnoonenearbywhomightseehimtryingtobreakintothehouse.当时附近可能没有人看见他试图闯进那所房子。eq\a\vs4\al([归纳点拨])breakin 打断；插嘴；强行闯入(不及物动词短语)breakinto 突然开始；强行闯入(及物动词短语)breakout (战争)爆发；(火灾)突然发生breakdown 出故障；消除；分解；打破；垮掉breakup 分解；解散；(关系)破裂|应|用|融|会|(1)单句语法填空①Theboywassoangrythathebrokeaway__________hismotherandranaway.②Janewassurprisedandalmostbroke______laughterherself.③Whenthenewscamethatthewarbroke________，hedecidedtoserveinthearmy.④Once,mycarbroke_________andIneededajacktochangeanewtire.(2)完成句子⑤Withthehelpofhisteacher，he______________________________________________beinglate.在老师的帮助下，他已经改掉了迟到的习惯。3．ThefourcountriesthatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.同属于联合王国的这四个国家在某些领域紧密合作。★belongvi.应在(某处)；适应|用|法|感|知|•(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.如果你打算在健身房锻炼，健身伙伴一定得(和你)在同一个健身房。•(总结升华句)ThesoundsofDad'scheeringstillgavemeasenseofbelongingandsomeconfidencenow.爸爸的欢呼声现在仍然给我一种归属感和一些信心。•Hisdaughterwastidyingupallhisbelongingswhenshefoundhisdiary.他的女儿在整理他的所有物品时发现了他的日记。归纳点拨(1)belongto属于；是……的一员(2)asenseofbelonging归属感belongingsn.(pl.)所有物；财物名师点津belongto中的to是介词，该短语既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态；作后置定语时，常用现在分词形式。|应|用|融|会|(1)单句语法填空①Thehousehasbelonged__________herfamilyforthreeorfourgenerations.②Asisknowntous,languageisagift________________(belong)tohumans.③Asshebegantogatherher____________(belong),thedoorswungopen.(2)句式升级④Thetsunamidestroyedalotofequipmentthatbelongedtothepoorlocalfishermen.→Thetsunamidestroyedalotofequipment________________thepoorlocalfishermen.(非谓语动词作定语)4．Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗。★aswellas同(一样也)；和；还|用|法|感|知|•(总结升华句)Everysingleactofkindnesswillfinallycontributetoabetterworldaswellasgenerosity,gratitude,andtrust.每一次善举终将有利于建设一个更美好的世界，同样还有慷慨、感激和信任。•Thenshecaughtthesmellofburning,andsaid,“Oh！Thepieceofbreadinthepanhadturnedblackaswell.”然后她闻到了烧焦的味道，说道：“哦！锅里的那片面包也变黑了。”•Theteacheraswellashisstudentswasinterestedinthefilm.老师和他的学生都对这部电影感兴趣。eq\a\vs4\al([归纳点拨])(1)aswellas常在句中连接两个并列的句子成分(若连接主语及其附属成分时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致)；(2)aswell“除……之外；也；还”，常位于肯定句句末，无需用逗号与句子分开。|应|用|融|会|(1)单句语法填空①ManystudentsaswellasTom__________(be)presentatthemeetingyesterday.②Ifeltthattheanimalwasconveyingsecuritytome,andthatitwashealingmeaswellas__________(lift)metowardthesurface.(2)完成句子③Youcanhaveahamburger,butyoucan'thaveFrenchfries______________.你可以吃汉堡包，但不可以又吃炸薯条。④__________________________________arethemostvaluablequalitiesinmyfamily.爱、责任以及分享是我的家庭中最宝贵的品质。★defencen．防御；保卫|用|法|感|知|•Allthepeople,menandwomen,youngandold,werefightingagainstthefloodindefenceoftheirownhomes.所有的人，无论男女老少，都在与洪水作斗争，保卫他们自己的家园。•(“动作描写”写作佳句)Duringthesecondhalf,Mavisdefendedactivelyandranflexibly.在下半场，马维斯防守积极，跑动灵活。•Peopleshouldtrytheirbesttodefendtheenvironmentagainstpollution.人们应该尽最大努力保护环境免受污染。eq\a\vs4\al([归纳点拨])(1)indefence(of) 保卫(……)；为……辩护(2)defendvt. 防御；保卫；防守；辩护defendoneself 自卫；为自己辩护defend...from/against... 保护……免受……|应|用|融|会|(1)单句语法填空①Themilitaryarmyiskeptin__________(defend)ofthecountryfromforeigninvasion.(2)完成句子②Duringthewar,thousandsuponthousandsofpatriotsdiedinaction________________thecountry.战争期间，成千上万的爱国者在保卫国家的行动中牺牲。③Thismedicinehelpsthebody______________________somekindsofinfections.这种药有助于身体防御一些种类的传染病。5．AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.英国历史上有四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家。无论你身处英国何方，这些民族的遗迹都随处可见。★surroundvt.围绕；包围|用|法|感|知|•(2023·浙江1月高考)IntheMingDynasty,thecenterwastheForbiddenCity,surroundedinconcentric(同心的)circlesbytheInnerCityandOuterCity.在明朝，中心是紫禁城，它被内城和外城围成同心圆。•(“场景描写”写作佳句)Whenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftcloudssurroundingthemountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.当他看到河面上升起的薄雾和围绕着山顶的柔和的云团时，他流下了眼泪。归纳点拨(1)surround...with/by...以……包围……besurroundedby/with...被……包围(2)surroundingadj.周围的；附近的surroundingsn.环境；周围的事物语境串记Onceuponatime,akingwhowaspolitetosurroundingcountrieslivedinacastlesurroundedbyalargeforestandhavingwonderfulsurroundings.从前，在一个绿树环绕、环境优美的城堡里住着一位国王，他对邻邦十分友好。|应|用|融|会|(1)单句语法填空①Thehungrybearfollowedhisnosetoourcamp,which______________(surround)byahighwirefence.②Ifoundmyself______________(surround)byagroupofchildrenfullofcuriosity.③Onlyinthiswaycanweliveinmorefortableandbeautiful______________(surround)．④The______________(surround)villageshavebeenabsorbedbythegrowingcity.(2)句式升级⑤BecauseIwassurroundedbytotalblackness,Icouldhardlyseeanyone.→__________________________________________________，Icouldhardlyseeanyone.(非谓语动词作状语)★evidencen．证据；证明|用|法|感|知|•There'ssomeevidencethatoutdooractivitiesaregoodforus.有证据证明，户外活动对我们有好处。•ItwasextremelyevidentthatHenrydidn'trealizehowseriousthesituationwas.很明显亨利没有意识到形势是多么地严峻。•(“动作描写”写作佳句)Shewalkedslowlydowntheroad,evidentlyinpain.她沿着路慢慢地走着，显然很痛苦。eq\a\vs4\al([归纳点拨])(1)Thereissome/noevidencethat...有/没有证据证明……(2)evidentadj.清楚的；显而易见的It'sevidentthat...很明显……(3)evidentlyadv.显然地；明显地；清楚地|应|用|融|会|(1)单句语法填空①Hecouldn'twaittohopesomeonecouldeandprovideenough__________(evident)tosavehim.②Judgingfromthequietsurroundings,______wasevidentthatJanewasstilltrappedintheforestwithoutanyoneingtotherescue.(2)替换加黑词汇③Sheneverplains,butshe'sobviouslyexhausted.__________(3)完成句子④________________________________stressispartlyresponsiblefordisease.有很多证据证明压力是造成疾病的原因之一。1．Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?那么，如果这些名称有区别的话，区别何在？句中的ifany是ifthereisanydifference的省略形式。ifany为省略句式，意为“如果有的话”，if用作连词。其他类似的省略结构：ifnecessary 如果有必要的话ifpossible 如果可能的话ifever 如果曾经有的话ifso 如果这样的话ifnot 如果不这样的话unlessnecessary 除非有必要whennecessary 必要的时候“两层级”学通用活句式(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构①Willyougetafreeeveningnextweek?Ifyouarefree,let'shaveadinner.→Willyougetafreeeveningnextweek?______________，let'shaveadinner.②Ifitisnecessary,youmightcalltoaskforabreak.→______________，youmightcalltoaskforabreak.(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用③大家感觉冷吗？如果不冷，让我们把窗户打开吧。Iseverybodyfeelingcold?______________，let'sopenthewindow.④如果有必要的话，你可以向我求助。________________，youcanturntome.⑤请试着找出这两个单词的不同点。如果有的话，大声说出来。Pleasetrytofindoutthedifferencesbetweenthetwowords.______________，speakitout.2．Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname:“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”．大多数人只是使用简称：“联合王国”。感知将学语法——过去分词作定语句中shortened是过去分词作前置定语。过去分词还可作后置定语和宾语补足语。①Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.(过去分词短语作后置定语)像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗。②TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,andmadechangestothelegalsystem.(过去分词作宾语补足语)在英国周围，他们四处修建城堡，并改革了法律制度。3．TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses.他们引入了英语的雏形，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。(1)theway表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接inwhich或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词inwhich或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作方式状语。(2)theway后接定语从句时，如果从句中缺少主语或宾语，则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时可以省略，作主语时不可省略。(3)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后可接不定式或ofdoingsth.形式。“两层级”学通用活句式(1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空)①Neighborsalladmiredtheway__________whichTomtreatedhischildrenlikefriends.②Wemustfindaway__________(solve)theproblemofenvironmentalpollutionbeforeit'stoolate.(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用③我不喜欢她跟你讲话的方式。Idon'tliketheway______________________________________.④(2022·全国甲卷)你处理筷子的方式对避免惹恼你的同伴很重要。Theway____________________________________________isimportanttoavoidannoyingyourpanions.4．Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen,youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.用心去观察，英国的过去与现在都将展示在你面前，令你叹为观止。keepyoureyesopen中的open是形容词，作宾语补足语。“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的常用形式有：(1)keep＋n./pron.＋现在分词(2)keep＋n./pron.＋过去分词(3)keep＋n./pron.＋形容词/副词/名词/介词短语注意：在此结构中，现在分词与宾语之间为主动关系，过去分词与宾语之间为被动关系。“两层级”学通用活句式(1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空)①Heapologizedforhavingkeptus__________(wait)forhours.②Ihopeyouwillkeepme__________(inform)ofyourprogresswithyourwork.(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用③我累得眼睛都睁不开了。Iwastootired________________________.④一次重感冒使得他卧床一周。Abadcold_____________________________________________________________.

SectionⅢ课前词汇默写一、1.王国2.货币3.军事二、1.①chief②chief2.①nearby②nearby3.conquer4．battle5.locations6.port三、1.①puzzling②puzzled③puzzle④puzzlement2．①defence②defend3.①legal②legally③illegal4．①surrounded②surrounding③surroundings5．①evidence②evident6.①fascinating②fascinated五、1.join...to...2.breakaway(fromsb./sth.)3．resultin4.referto5.belongto6.worktogether7．aswellas8.takeover9.leavebehind10.datebackto11．keepyoureyesopen(for)核心词汇突破1．①puzzled②puzzled③puzzling④puzzles⑤puzzled2．①from②into③out④down⑤hasbrokenawayfromthehabitof3．①to②belonging③belongings④belongingto4．①were②lifting③aswell④Love,responsibilityaswellassharing★①defence②indefenceof③defenditselfagainst/from5．①wassurrounded②surrounded③surroundings④surrounding⑤Surroundedbytotalblackness★①evidence②it③evidently④Thereisalotofevidencethat重点句式解构1．①Ifso②Ifnecessary③Ifnot④Ifnecessary⑤Ifany3．①in②tosolve③(inwhich/that)shespeakstoyou④youhandlechopsticks4．①waiting②informed③tokeepmyeyesopen④kepthiminbedforaweek随堂融通训练1～5CFBED课文缩写七选五eq\b\lc\|\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(,,,,))eq\b\lc\\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(根据课文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。))TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain,England—manypeopleareconfusedbywhatthesedifferentnamesmean.__1__GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.Inthe16thcentury,thenearbycountryofWaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.L