2017-2018学年高一英语北师大版必修四教学案Unit10Section1

Ⅰ.根据词性及汉语意思写出单词1．walletn.皮夹子，钱包2．second­handadj.旧的，用过的，二手的3．hardworkingadj.勤奋的4．dormitoryn.寝室，宿舍5．businessmann.商人，实业家6．cigaretten.香烟7．vasen.花瓶8．earnvt.挣得，赚得→earningn．工资，收入；利润9．enjoyableadj.使人快乐的→enjoyv．喜欢；享受10．concernvt.关于，关系到→concernedadj.关心的，挂念的→concerningprep.关于11．drunkadj.(酒)醉的→drinkv．喝，饮用12．greedyadj.贪婪的，贪心的→greedv．贪心，贪婪13．resolutionn．决心要做的事→resolvev．决心，决定14．rudeadj.粗鲁的，无礼的→rudelyadv.粗鲁地，无礼地Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空15．Heisamanofdeterminationandheisdeterminedtotravelallovertheworld.(determine)16．Wewereallpleasedwiththepleasantpartylastnight.(please)17．Environmentalawarenesshasincreasedovertheyearsandmoreandmorepeopleareawareoftheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.(aware)18．Theoldjournalistisveryfondofjournalism.Hehasbeenkeepingjournalsinordertorunhistourismjournalwell.(journalist)Ⅲ.补全短语1．outofwork失业2．dowellin在……方面做得好3．bedeterminedtodosth.决心做某事4．dreamup虚构出，凭空想出5．beconcernedabout关心6．turnone'sbackonsb./sth.sb./sth.避开；拒绝接受7．betiredof厌倦8．makeachoice做选择9．giveaway赠送；泄露10．dropout退出；退学11．noway肯定不，没门12．takeup拿起，开始从事；占去(时间，地方等)1.Theyspendhalftheirtimedreamingupwaysofgettingrich,andtherestoftheirtimethinkingaboutalltheenjoyablethingstheywoulddooncetheygotrich.他们花一半时间梦求致富的办法，另一半则在琢磨一旦阔绰起来要做些什么。[句式分析]spend...(in)doingsth.“在做某事上花(时间、金钱)”。[佳句赏析]你花大量时间玩电脑是不明智的。Itisnotwiseforyoutospendalotoftimeplayingputer.2.Charlesbelievesthatmanypeoplewanttoearnalotofmoneysothattheywillnothaveanyworries.查尔斯认为很多人都想挣一大笔钱以解除烦恼。[句式分析]sothat引导目的状语从句，意为“为的是，以便”。[佳句赏析]他早起锻炼身体，以便能保持健康。Hegetsupearlyinthemorningtotakeexercisesothathecankeepfit.3.(长难句分析)Butdoallmillionairesfindthehappinessthattheythoughttheywouldgetwhentheyachievetheirgoals?但是，是不是所有的百万富翁都得到了他们实现目标前期望的幸福呢？[句式分析]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词happiness，在这个定语从句中加入了插入语theythought；when引导时间状语从句。Doyouknowwhotheyare?Andcanyoutellsomethingaboutthem?①BillGates,founderandchairmanofMicrosoft,beingtop1for15yearsaccordingtoForbes'magazineofWorld'sBillionaires,retiredfromfull­timeworkatMicrosoftinJune,2008,donatingallhismoney,58billiondollarstotheBillandMelindaGatesFoundation.②LiJiacheng,therichestmanofChinese,isnotonlythewealtsymbol,butisalsoentrepreneur's(企业家)charitableleader.Formanyyearshehasdonatedover14billionHKdollars.Hecalledkindly“thefoundationismythirdson”．Ⅰ.Fast­reading(Ⅰ)Readandmatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.Para.1a．ThereasonwhyhechangedhislifePara.2b．DifferentattitudesPara.3c．EnjoyingthechangePara.4d．Attitude(determinedtobeamillionaire)Para.5e．DonatinghismoneyPara.6f．Livingcondition(contrast)答案：Paras.1～6dbfcea(Ⅱ)Choosethebestanswersaccordingtothetext.1．CharlesGrayisanexampletoshow________.A．thatpeoplecanbehappywithoutmoneyB．thatarichmancanfindhappinessbygivinghiswealthawaytocharitiesC．somemillionaireswillcontinuetobeconcernedaboutmoneyaftertheybeemillionairesD．ifyoucandreamit,youcandoit2．WhatwasthesignforCharlestobeamillionairesixteenyearsago?A．Hewasacollegeprofessor.B．Hehadahugesix­bedroomhouseand2milliondollars.C．Heworkedhardtogetmoney.D．Heturnedhisbackonhismoney.3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Charlesdoesn'thaveanynewfurnitureinhisdormitoryroom.B．Charlesismakingalivingbygrowingvegetablesandflowersnow.C．Charlescanonlyaffordcheapthingsnow.D．Charlesisnowlivinginasmalldormitoryroomwithasmallgarden.4．HowdidCharlesGraydealwithhishugeamountsofmoney?A．Hegaveitawaytohischildren.B．Hegaveitawaytolocalpoorpeople.C．Hegaveitawaytohungrypeopleintheworld.D．Hegaveitawaytocharities.5．HowdoesCharlesthinkabouthispresentlife?A．Tiredandworried.B．Funnybutenjoyable.C．Freeandhappy.D．Proudandsatisfying.答案：1～5BBADCⅡ.Careful­readingReadthetextcarefullyandthenfillinthechartwiththeinformationinthetext.Ex­millionaire：(1)Charles_Gray16yearsagoHewasacollege(2)professor.Hehadahugesix­bedroomhouseand$2million.TodayHelivesinasmall(3)dormitorywith(4)second­handfurniture.Hehasasmallgarden(5)wherehegrowssomevegetablesandafewfruittrees.Hegetsclothesandotherthingsfrom(6)charityshops.HisattitudetothechangeHe(7)appreciatesit.Hewaspleasedtogiveupthelifestyleofarichman.ThereasonforthechangeHewas(8)tiredofbeingaperson(9)whohadeverythinginaworldwheremanypeoplehadnothing.HisfeelingsnowHeismuch(10)happiernow.Hewouldn'tgobacktobeingrichforanything—noway.考点1earnv．赚，挣，获得；(因自己的成就、行为等)得到，博得[教材原句]Hispanyearnsalotofmoneyandsoheearnsagoodsalary.他的公司赚了许多钱，因此他的薪水很高。Heearns$30,000ayearbywritingstories.他靠写小说每年有3万美元的收入。earnone's/aliving/bread(by)(通过……手段)谋生，维持生计earnmoney＝makemoney赚钱，挣钱earnsb.praise/reputation/respect为某人赢得赞扬名声/尊敬Heearnedahardlivingcarryingbricksupaladdertenhoursaday.他每天靠十个小时爬梯子运砖来艰苦地谋生。Rescuingadrowningmanearnedhimrespectofall.他因救溺水者而博得众人的尊敬。[辨析比较]earn指努力赢得金钱、荣誉等acquire指持续、慢慢地获得，强调经过努力或某一过程得到某物，宾语多为知识、技能等obtain多指获得期望已久的东西，为正式用语gain指获得经验、利益、优势、好处等1．选词填空：earn,acquire,obtain,gain①Heearnedhisbreadbyteachingatalanguageschool.②Wemightdecidetoacquireanotherpany.③Inordertoobtainagreatermarketshare，wereducedtheprice.④Hegainedafavourablepositionlastyear.2．完成句子⑤她以写网络小说谋生。Sheearns_her/a_living/breadbywritingonlinenovels.⑥勤劳的工作使她享有盛誉。Sheearns_a_reputationasahardworker.考点2determinevt.确定，决定[教材原句]Alotofpeoplearedeterminedtobeeamillionaire.很多人一心想成为百万富翁。Theexamresultscoulddetermineyourcareer.考试成绩可能会决定你的前途。Howyoutreatotherswilldeterminehowyouaretreated.你如何对待别人将决定别人如何对待你。(1)determinetodosth.决定做某事determineon(doing)sth.决定(做)某事determinesb.todosth.使某人决定做某事(2)determinedadj.有决心的bedeterminedtodo.sth.决心做某事(3)determinationn.决定，决心Wedeterminedtosavethischildatanycost.我们决心不惜任何代价救活这个孩子。Wedeterminedonanearlystartthatday.那天我们决定早出发。Mymother'sencouragementdeterminedmetogoonwithmystudy.我母亲的鼓励使我决心继续我的学业。Janeisadeterminedperson,nothingcanstopherfromachievinghersuccess.简是个意志坚定的人，没有什么能阻止她取得成功。Tofulfilltheobjectiveofmodernization,Chinaisdeterminedtoinvestinscienceandtechnology.为了实现现代化目标，中国下决心对科学和技术进行投资。[名师点津]determine是非延续性动词，不能与表时间段的状语连用；bedetermined表示一种延续的状态，可与表时间段的状语连用。1．句型转换①Theydeterminedtomakeafinalattempt.→Theydeterminedonafinalattempt.②Iamdeterminedtowinthegame.→IamdeterminedthatIwillwinthegame.2．完成句子③何时动身由你决定。It'suptoyouto_determine_when_to_start.④他决定做此事已经很久了。Hehas_been_determined_to_doitforalongtime.⑤他坚定地实施了他的计划。Hecarriedouthisplanwith_determination.考点3concernvt.关于，关系到；使忧虑；与……相关n.关系；关心，关怀；担心[教材原句]Somemillionairescontinuetobeconcernedaboutmoneywhentheybeemillionaires.有些人成了百万富翁后仍然对钱极为在意。Manyofhisbooksconcernlifeinthecountryside.他的许多书都是关于农村生活的。Hisgreatestconcernisthefutureofhisdaughter.他最担心的是他女儿的将来。(1)concernoneselfwith/insth.忙于某事；关心某事(2)concernedadj.关心的；有关的beconcernedabout/over/for关心；担心(be)concernedwith与……有关asfaras...beconcerned就……来说；依……之见(3)concerningprep.关于Heisverymuchconcernedaboutmylessons.他很关心我的功课。AsfarasIamconcerned,someotherplansmayworkbetter.对我来说，别的计划可能会更管用。Thepolicecouldn'tprovehewasconcernedwiththecrime,sotheyhadtosethimfree.警方无法证明他与该罪案有关，因此只好把他释放了。[名师点津]当concerned作前置定语时，其意为“担心的，忧虑的”，而作后置定语时，其意为“有关的，涉及的”。[语境串记]AsfarasIamconcerned,educatorsshouldbeconcernedabouttheproblemthatisconcernedwiththehealthygrowthofchildren.依我之见，教育者应该关心与儿童健康成长有关的问题。1．单句语法填空①Thenewpolicywillbeofbenefittoeveryoneconcerned(concern)．②Myconcern(concern)isthecontinuousgrowthofChina'seconomy.③Wehadseveraldiscussionsconcerning(concern)thematter.④Theboy'spoorhealthconcerned(concern)hisparents.⑤Thegovernmentnowisgettingmoreconcernedabouttheelder'swelfare.2．完成句子⑥环境问题与我们所有人都息息相关。Environmentalproblemsconcern_us_all.⑦我认为，《爸爸去哪儿》是一档不错的节目。As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_WhereAreWeGoing,Dadisanexcellentprogram.考点4turnone'sbackon/upon不理睬，拒绝，背弃，抛弃[教材原句]Buttherearepeoplewhohaveturnedtheirbacksontheirmillionsandfounddifferentwaystobehappyintheirlives.但是也有人把自己的百万资产置于一边，寻求不同的人生幸福。Shedidn'tanswer,andturnedherbackonhim.她没有回答，对他不理不睬。Heturnedhisbackonhisownfamilywhentheyneededhelp.当家人需要帮忙时，他不肯伸出援手。turnaway辞退turnup出现，露面；开大(音量等)turnover翻转；移交turnout结果是；原来是turndown调低(音量等)；拒绝turnto转向；翻到；求助于inturn依次；轮流；反过来ItturnedoutthathewasGorge'sfather.结果他是乔治的爸爸。Theboytriedtojointhearmy,butwasturneddownforhisyoungage.那位男孩想参军，但是因为年龄小而被拒绝了。1．用turn短语的适当形式填空①Pleaseturn_offtheputerafteryouuseit.②Sheturned_ontheradioandlistenedtothemusiconit.③Couldyoupleaseturn_downtheTValittle?It'stoonoisy.④Theweatherreportsaysitwillturn_outcoldtomorrow.⑤Ashebroketheruleofthefactory,hewasturned_away.⑥Wecanturn_toourteacherforadvice.2．完成句子⑦朋友需要她帮助的时候，她没有拒绝。Shedidnotturn_her_back_on_her_friendswhentheyneededhelp.⑧在舞台上尽量不要背对观众。Whenonstage,trynot_to_turn_your_back_ontheaudience.考点5pleasedadj.高兴的，满意的[教材原句]Hewaspleasedtogiveupthelifestyleofarichman.他对放弃富人的生活方式感到高兴。bepleasedtodosth.乐于做某事bepleasedwith/at对……满意/高兴bepleasedthat...对……感到满意/高兴I'mpleasedtohearthatyou'refeelingbetter.我很高兴听到你感觉好些了。Mumwillbepleasedatthescenethateverythingisinplace.妈妈看到一切井然有序会高兴的。I'msopleasedthatyou'reabletoetomybirthdayparty.你能来参加我的生日聚会，我太高兴了。[wordfamily]1．单句语法填空①Ourmainaimisto_please(please)thecustomers.②Theaudiencefoundthemoviepleasing(please)．③Ihopeyou'llhaveapleasant(please)holiday.④Toeveryone'spleasure(please),Mr.Wu,bossofourpany,isdeterminedtogiveusapayrise.2．完成句子⑤He'smadesomuchprogressthathisparentsmustbe_pleased_with(对……满意)him.⑥Theoldmanis_pleased_to_donate(乐意捐赠)almostallhismoneytocharity.考点6betiredof对……厌倦/厌烦[教材原句]Hewastiredofbeingapersonwhohadeverythinginaworldwheremanypeoplehadnothing.他不再想做一个在许多人一无所有的情况下自己却拥有一切的人。tiredof对……厌倦/厌烦be/get/beetiredof对……厌倦/厌烦be/get/beetiredwith/from因……而感到疲惫tiredwith/from由于……而疲劳Youmaybetiredwithreading,butyoushouldnotbetiredofit.看书可能使你疲劳，但你不应该对看书感到厌烦。Tiredfromawholeday'swork,hestillwenttothecinema.虽然一整天的劳作让他疲劳，但他仍然去看了电影。[wordfamily][语境串记]Histiringlecturetiredthestudentsandsomeofthemweresotiredthattheyevenfellintosleep.他那令人厌倦的报告使学生厌倦，他们中一些人厌倦得甚至睡着了。1．单句语法填空①I'mtiredofthesamebreakfasteverymorning.②Thechildrenweretiredfrom/withclimbingthatsteephill.2．完成句子③他决定辞职，因为他厌倦了枯燥的工作。Hedecidedtoquithisjobbecausehewas/got/became/tired_of_the_boring_job.④我需要休息。开了八个小时的车，我很疲劳。Ineedarest.Iwas/got/became_tired_from/withdrivingeighthours.考点7giveaway赠送给；颁发，分发；泄漏(秘密)[教材原句]Hemadethechoicetogiveallhismoneyaway.他选择了把自己所有的钱财送给别人。[一词多义]写出下列句中giveaway的含义①Thepanyhasgivensomeputersawaytoalocalschool.赠送②Iwon'tgiveawayexactlyhowthesystemworks.泄漏③Theprincipalgaveawaytheprizesatthesportsmeeting.颁发givein(to)屈服，让步；交上giveup(doing)放弃；停止，中止giveback归还，送回；使恢复giveoff放出(气味、光、热等)giveout分发，散发；放出(热、光等)；用完，耗尽I'venevergivenintoanyoneexceptyou.除你外，我从来没屈服于任何人。Thegovernmentgaveoutfoodtopeopleoutofwork.政府向失业者分发食品。1．用give短语的适当形式填空①Stubbornashewas,hefinallygave_in.②Don'tworry.Iwon'tgaveyouaway.③Themilkmustbebad,foritis_giving_offanastysmell.④Hesoongave_upsmokingwhenheheardthemedicalreport.2．完成句子⑤许多快餐店在街头赠送餐券，让顾客免费品尝他们的部分食物。Manyfastfoodrestaurantsgive_away_ticketsonthestreetthatpermitcustomerstogetpartoftheirmealfornothing.考点8awareadj.知道的，意识到的[教材原句]Iwasamillionaire,butwasawaretherewerealotofhungrypeopleintheworld.我是百万富翁，但意识到世界上还有许许多多忍饥挨饿的人。Peoplearenowawarethathelpingothersishelpingthemselves.人们现在意识到，帮助别人就是帮助自己。(1)be/beeawareofsth.知道……；明白；意识到be/beeawarethat...明白……；意识到……asfarasI'maware据我所知(2)unawareadj.不知道的，未意识到的，不注意的beunawareof没有意识到，未注意到(3)awarenessn.察觉，觉悟，意识Shewasawareofthefactthatshehadmadeabigmistake,butcouldn'tfaceit.她意识到了自己犯了一个大错误，但无法面对它。Everyonewasawarethattheywereindanger.每个人都意识到他们处于危险之中。Iwasunawareoftheproblem.我没有发觉那个问题。Therehasbeenanincreasingawarenessthatenvironmentisimportanttous.环境对我们很重要，(人们的)这种意识正日益增长。[名师点津]aware的修饰语通常用well或quite，表示“很，非常”，而不用very。1．单句语法填空①Theaimofthisdayistourgelocalactionandincreaseawareness(aware)aboutthestateoftheworld'senvironment.②AsfarasIamaware(aware),hedidn'tsayanythingofthekind.③I'msorry.Iwasunaware(aware)thatmywordshurtyou.2．完成句子④我很能理解你的感受。I'm_quite_aware_ofyourfeelings.⑤事情在我不知不觉中发生了。Ithappenedwithoutmy_being_aware_of_it.⑥我们应该知道许多动物正濒临灭绝。We_should_be_aware_thatalotofanimalsarebeingendangered.考点9dropout退出，退学；不再参加；掉队[教材原句]CharlesGraydecidedtodropoutandhasdiscoveredthathavingonlyalittlemoneymakesyoufree.查尔斯·格雷决定退出(富人圈)，他发现拥有少量钱可以让人自由。Johndroppedoutaftertheclub'snewmanagerarrived.约翰在俱乐部的新经理来了之后就退出了。dropoutof从……中退出dropbehind＝fallbehind落在后面，落后于dropoff下降；减退；脱落BillGatesisacollegedropout.HedroppedoutofHarvardUniversityattheageof19.比尔·盖茨是名大学辍学生，他在19岁时从哈佛大学退学了。Trafficinthetownhasdroppedoffsincethebypassopened.这条旁道开通后，城里来往的车辆就减少了。Dropinandseeuswhenyou'renextinLondon.再到伦敦时顺便来看我们。IthinkI'lldropinonJillonmywayhome.我想我回家时会顺路看望一下吉尔。用drop短语的适当形式填空①Tiredofworkingthroughtheyear,shedesiredtodrop_outandmakeanindependentlifeforherself.②Shedropped_behindtheotherstudentsinherlessonsbecauseofbeingill.③Salesofice­creamalwaysdrop_offduringthewintermonths.④Pleasedrop_in_atmyofficewhenyouhappentobefree.Charlesbelievesthatmanypeoplewanttoearnalotofmoneyso_thattheywillnothaveanyworries.查尔斯认为很多人都想挣一大笔钱以解除烦恼。(1)句中sothat引导目的状语从句，意为“为的是，以便”。Itriedtoexplainitclearlysothattheycouldunderstanditbetter.我尽量解释得清楚点，以便他们能更好地理解它。(2)sothat的用法①引导目的状语从句：从句中常含有can/could，may/might，will/would等情态动词，从句和主句不用逗号隔开。Thelittlegirlsavedeverycoinsothat(＝inorderthat)shecouldbuythebook.小女孩为了买这本书节省每一分钱。[名师点津]sothat引导目的状语从句时可换为inorderthat；但inorderthat能引导位于句首的目的状语从句，sothat却不能。InorderthathecanspeakEnglishwell,heoftenlistenstoEnglishprograms.为了能说好英语，他经常听英语节目。(inorderthat不可用sothat代替)②引导结果状语从句：从句与主句常用逗号隔开，一般而言从句中没有情态动词。Nothingmorewasheardofhim,sothatpeoplethoughtthathewasdead.未再听到他的消息，以致人们认为他已死去了。1．句型转换①Theyworkhardtoearnmoremoney.→Theyworkhardsothattheycanearnmoremoney.→Inorderthattheycanearnmoremoney,theyworkhard.2．翻译句子②他起得很早，目的是能赶上早班车。(sothat)He_got_up_early_so_that_he_could_catch_the_early_bus.③他起得很早，结果赶上了早班车。(sothat)He_got_up_early_so_that_he_caught_the_early_bus.不定代词[语法初识]原句感知自主探究①Charlesbelievesthatmanypeoplewanttoearnalotofmoneysothattheywillnothaveanyworries.②However,mostpeoplenevermakemuchmoney.③Alotofpeoplearedeterminedtobeeamillionaire.④Butdoallmillionairesfindthehappinessthattheythoughttheywouldgetwhentheyachievetheirgoals?⑤Theyarehardworkingtogetallthatmoney.⑥Thereisasmallgardenoutsidewithafewfruittrees.⑦Hehasdiscoveredthathavingalittlemoneymakesyoufree.⑧Bothofhiseyesarehurt.⑨Eitheransweriscorrect.⑩Hopefully,neitherofthesethingswillhappen.(1)many修饰复数可数名词如句①；much修饰不可数名词如句②；alotof既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，如句①、句③。(2)all既可修饰复数可数名词如句④；也可修饰不可数名词，如句⑤。(3)afew修饰或指代复数可数名词如句⑥；alittle修饰或指代不可数名词，如句⑦。(4)both意为“两者都”，作主语时谓语动词用复数，如句⑧；either意为“两者当中任意一个”，作主语时谓语动词用单数，如句⑨；neither意为“两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词常用单数，如句⑩。[语法剖析]一、不定代词概述不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词的代词，具有名词和形容词的性质，并有可数和不可数、单数和复数之分。常见的不定代词有all，both，each，every等，以及含有some­，any­，no­等的复合不定代词，如anybody，something,none。不定代词在句中作主语、定语、宾语和表语。复合不定代词作主语时谓语动词用单数，且后面都不能接of短语，但分开写的someone,anyone,everyone可与of连用。noone不与of连用，但none可与of连用；every和no只能作定语。Oneoftenfailstoseeone's/hisownfaults.人往往看不到自己的缺点。Nooneexpectsyoutobeperfect,butwedoexpectyoualwaystodoyourbest.没人指望你完美无缺，但我们确实希望你尽力而为。Allhorsesareanimals,butnotallanimalsarehorses.所有的马都是动物，但并非所有的动物都是马。—Istherenothingserious?—No,nothingatall.——没什么要紧的吧？——是的，没什么。①Somebodyareagainstthisplan.are→is②Everyoneofushaspassedtheexam.Everyone→Every_one或Each③Nooneofthemlikesthisfilm.No_one→None二、几组不定代词的用法1．many,much,few,afew,little,alittle意义区别许多有点/些(表示肯定)几乎没有(表示否定)可数manyafewfew不可数muchalittlelittleIhavealotoffriendsbutIdon'thavemuchmoney.我有很多朋友，但是我没有很多钱。Youcan'thaveonetoyeach.Wehaven'tgotmany.你们不能一人一个玩具。我们没有很多。StephenHawking'stheoryissodifficultthatfewpeoplecanunderstandandacceptit.史蒂芬·霍金的理论很深奥，很少有人会理解并接受它。—Wouldyoulikesomemorecoffee?—Oh,thanks,alittle,please.——你还想喝点咖啡吗？——好的，谢谢。请来一点。[名师点津]notalittle相当于much或quitealittle;notafew相当于many或quiteafew。Weneedn'thurry.There'snotalittletimeleft.我们没有必要着急，还剩很多时间呢。You'vemadenotafewmistakes.你已出了很多错误。选词填空：many,much,(a)few,(a)little①Manyhandsmakelightwork.②Fewofmyfriendswerethere.③YoushouldspendasmuchtimeasyoucanonEnglish.④Don'tworry.There'snota_littlemoneyleft.2．another,other,theother,others,theothers不定代词词义用法another另一个，又一个用于三者或三者以上中的另一个，后接可数名词单数other其他的，另外的后接复数名词或不可数名词theother两者中的另一个常与one连用，构成one...theother...结构others泛指别的人或物是other的复数形式不能作定语，常构成some...others...结构theothers特指其余的人或物是theother的复数形式，常构成some...theothers...结构Pleasegivemeanothertenminutes.请再给我十分钟。Heraisedonehandandthentheother.他先举起一只手，然后举起另一只。OnSundays,somepeoplegotoplaybasketball,somegotodosomeshoppingandothersstayathomewatchingTV.星期天，一些人去打篮球，一些人去购物，其余的人待在家里看电视。[名师点津]another是“an＋other”的意思，所以不和复数名词连用，但是后面附加two,three等数词或是few，就可与复数名词连用，表示“另外的……”。注意以下短语的语序：anotherfiveplates＝fiveotherplates＝fivemoreplates另外5个碟子。①他买了两本书——一本是教材，另一本是小说。Heboughttwobooks—one_is_a_textbook;_the_other_is_a_novel.②这些铅笔中有一些是红色的，其余的是黄色的。Some_of_the_pencilsarered;the_othersareallyellow.③那个小男孩吃了一碗米饭，但他还觉得饿，因此他又要了一碗。Theboyhad_one_bowl_of_rice,_buthestillfelthungry,soheasked_for_another.3．all,none,each,every不定代词词义用法all全部(三者或三者以上)指代或修饰可数名词或不可数名词均可，可接of短语none一个/点都没有(三者或三者以上)指人指物均可；可接of短语；否定词each每一个(两者或两者以上)指代或修饰可数名词，可接of短语every每一个(三者或三者以上)修饰可数名词；不可单独使用，不可接of短语Weallmademistakesattimes.有时我们都犯错误。Allthatglittersisnotgold.＝Notallthatglittersisgold.并不是所有发光的都是金子。—Howmanyelephantsarethereinthezoo?—None.——动物园里有多少头大象？——一只也没有。Everycoinhasitstwosides.每一枚硬币都有两面。①对所有人都是朋友的人就对哪个也不是朋友。Afriendto_allisafriendto_none.②所有男孩都很聪明，但没人能解出这道题。All_of_the_boys/All_the_boys_areclever,butnone_of_themcanworkoutthisproblem.③街道两旁都是绿树鲜花。Therearegreentreesandbeautifulflowerson_each_side/on_either_side/on_both_sidesofthestreet.4．both,neither,either代词意义在句中所作成分谓语动词的形式both两者都作主语、宾语、定语或同位语作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式neither两者都不作主语、宾语及定语，可以和of短语连用作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式either两者中任一个作主语、宾语及定语，可以和of短语连用作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式Bothofusagreewithyou.我们两个都同意你的意见。Theybothagreedtotakepartinthebirthdayparty.他们俩都答应参加生日晚会。Bothofthemarenotofthesamecharacter.他们两个性格并不一样。Neitherofyouhasbeenchosenasaclerkhere.你们当中没有人被选作这里的职员。Theyarebothsuitable,soyoucanuseeither.他们都合适，你可以用任何一个。[名师点津]all,each,every,both等具有总括意义的不定代词和not连用时，无论not的位置如何，均表示部分否定。①他们两个我并不都认识。I_don't_know_both_of_them.②你们两个我都不依靠。I_depend_on_neither_of_you.③路的两边都没有树。Thereis_no_tree_on_either_side_of_the_road./There_are_trees_on_neither_side_of_the_road.④他们我全不接受。I_don't_accept_any_of_them./I_accept_none_of_them.5．some,any,no不定代词词义用法some1.一些修饰或代替可数或不可数名词；一般多用于肯定句2.某一个修饰或代替可数名词单数3.大约置于数词前any1.一些修饰或代替可数或不可数名词；一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中2.任何一个修饰或代替可数名词单数，可用于肯定句no1.相当于nota(n)修饰可数名词单数2.相当于notany修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词Wouldyoulikesometea?喝点茶吗？Ihavereadthatstoryinsomemagazine.我是在某本杂志上读到的那个故事。Tomrunsfasterthananyotherboyinhisclass.＝Tomrunsfasterthananyoftheotherboysinhisclass.汤姆比他班里其他任何男孩都跑得快。Ihavenomoney.＝Ihavenotanymoney.我没有钱。①Won'tyoutryanyofthebread？any→some②Istheresomemoneyinthedrawer？some→any③Thereisnoastudentintheclassroom.去掉a或no→not④Notnewsisgoodnews.Not→No[应用实战]一、链接高考用适当的不定代词填空1．(安徽高考)Youcanaskanyoneforhelp.Everyonehereiswillingtolendyouahand.2．(福建高考)Insomecountries,peopleeatwithchopsticks,whileinothers,_knivesandforks.3．(新课标卷Ⅱ)It'saneither­orsituation—wecanbuyanewcarthisyearorwecangoonholidaybutwecan'tdoboth.4．(重庆高考)Recyclingisonewaytoprotecttheenvironment;reusingisanother.5．(安徽高考)Thisprojectrequirescloseteamwork.Nothingwillbeachievedunlessweworkwelltogether.二、针对演练用适当的不定代词填空1．Herlecturewashardtofollowbecauseshekeptjumpingfromonesubjecttoanother.2．—Whichofthethreeoptionalcoursesdidyoulikebest,Joe?—Totellyouthetruth,Ididn'tlikeanyofthem.3．TherewerealotmorepeopleintheauditoriumthanIexpected.4．Sayingisonethinganddoingisanother.5．Itisimpossibleforallthepeopletogetthejob,becauseallofthemarenotfitforit.6．—Wow!You'vegotsomanyclothes.—Butnoneofthemareinfashionnow.7．ThecollegeoffersbothEnglishandFrench,butmyschedulewillonlyletmechooseeither.8．Heneitherknowsnorcareswhathappened.9．ToknowmoreabouttheBritishMuseum,youcanusetheInternetorgotothelibrary,orboth.10．Letmerowyouovertothe_othersideofthelake.[对应学生课下能力提升(一)]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．It'sapleasure(please)formetohelpyoutofinishsuchimportantwork.2．Whoeverhasnomotivation(motivate)willfindithardtobesuccessful.3．Theenjoyable(enjoy)lifeisveryunforgettable.4．Hedroppedoutoftheracebecausehehurthisankle.5．Springisingagain.Youcanseevarious(vary)flowersinthecentralpark.6．Manyscientistshavebeenstudyinghowtheuniversecameintoexistence(exist)．7．Theoldmanseatedinthearmchairissaidtobethegreedy(greed)bossinwhoseeyesthereisonlymoney.8．Itwasgenerousofhertocontributesuchalargesum.9．Don'tbesorudetoyourfather.10．Beamanwithdetermination(determine)ifyouhavechosenyourowncareer.Ⅱ.选词填空each,any,few,none,alotof,neither,both,some,all,manyMarketisaplacewegetfoodfrom.1.Fewpeoplehaveneverbeentoamarket.Mymothergoesthereeveryday.Twoorthreedaysago,Iwentwithhertoamarketnearourhome.Whenwe2.bothwentinside,Isawthemarketwascrowdedandeveryonewasdoingshoppingthere.Thesellersandthepeoplewereverybusy.3.Noneofthemwasfree.4.Eachofthemwastalkingtosomeoneelse.Therewere5.manyvegetables,and6.a_lot_offishandmeatthere.Mymothertriedtobuy7.someofthem,but8.neitherofuscouldgetneartheseller.WehadtowaitforsometimeandIgotalittleimpatient,however,webought9.allthefoodweneededintheend.Noweverythinginthemarketismuchbetterthanbeforeandyoucanbuyalmost10.anyfoodyouwant.Ⅲ.单句改错1．Whatagreatfunitistojumpintothewaterinhotsummerdays！去掉a2．Mostofhissparetimeisspentwork.work→working3．Theywerenotevenawareofthatitwasagoodhabit.去掉of4．IspeakonlylittleEnglish,soIcan'texpressmyselfwell.little前加a5．Itseemedthathewouldliketogoingbackhome.going→go6．Howmuchfastthelittleboyruns！去掉much7．Whatwayareyouthinkingoftogettingridoftheflies？getting→get8．TheygrinnedatpleasurewhenIgavethemthesweets.at→with9．Weshouldbetrueinwordandresolutionindeed.resolution→resolute10．I'mreallytiredwithTom.Hehadmewaitingfortwohoursintherain.with→ofⅣ.课文缩写语法填空Alotofpeoplearedetermined1.to_bee(bee)amillionaire.Theyhopetodoallthe2.enjoyable(enjoy)thingsoncetheygotrich.Actually,somemillionairescontinuetobeconcerned3.aboutmoney,sotheyarehardworkingtomakesuretheyneverloseit.However,therearesomepeople4.whodon'twanttobeamillionaire.CharlesGrayisoneexample.CharlesGraywasamillionairesixteenyearsago,buthewastiredof5.being(be)apersonwhohadeverythinginaworld6.wheremanypeoplehadnothing.Sohegaveallhismoney7.awaytocharities.Charlesnowlivesinasmalldormitoryroomwherethereisonly8.second­handfurniture.Thoughhehasgivenawayallhismoney,helivesa9.happier(happy)lifethanbefore.Whenaskedwhethertherewereanythingshemissed,herepliedhewouldn'tgobacktobeingrichfor10.anything.Ⅴ.完形填空Somepeoplebelievethatwomenarebetterdriversthanmen.__1__，othersthinkthatwomenmakeworsedrivers.Theideathatwomenmake__2__driversisastereotype(刻板印象)．Itesfromatimewhenwomendrovelessthanmen,and__3__wasseenasaman'sresponsibility.Therearecertainly__4__viewsonthiscontroversialquestion,__5__thereareanumberofreasonswhyawoman'spersonalitymakesheramorepetent(能胜任的)driver.Firstly,womenaremorepatientandpolitetowardsotherroad__6__，suchaspedestriansandcyclists.Instressfulsituationstheyaremorelikelytostay__7__，andlesslikelytobeinvolvedin“roadrage(愤怒)”incidents.Secondly,femaledriversaremore__8__sotheytakefewerrisks,forexamplewhenovertaking.Thirdly,theyaremoreresponsibleand__9__theytendnottodrivewhentiredorafterdrinkingalcohol.__10__，manypeoplearguethatwomencauseaccidentsbecausetheymayreactslowlybecausethey__11__confidence.Inaddition,theyare__12__disturbed,forexample,bychildreninthecar.Researchalso__13__thatwomenfindmapreadingmore__14__thanmen,andcanhaveproblemswiththedifferencebetweenleftandright.Despitethefactthatwomenhavemoreaccidents,__15__isoftencheaperforthembecausetheaccidentstendtobeminor.Inparticular,womenhaveaccidentswhenparking.Thisisbecausewomenoftenhave__16__spatial(空间的)awareness.Incontrast,mentendto__17__moreseriousaccidents.Tosumup,itcanbeseenthatwomenmake__18__driversthanmenbecauseoftheir__19__.Thisisgenerally__20__bythefactthatwomenhavefeweraccidentsandpaylowerinsurancethanmen.Onbalance,itisclearthatwomenarelesspetitiveandaggressivethanmenbehindthewheelandthereforebetterdrivers.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了人们对女司机的普遍看法，并列举了女司机的一些优点。尽管她们在某些方面不如男司机，但她们开车更安全，所以女司机是更好的司机。1．A.BesidesB．HoweverC．OtherwiseD．Therefore解析：选B前后句之间表示转折关系，故用“然而(However)”。2．A.brighterB．betterC．worseD．nicer解析：选C由上文中“othersthinkthatwomenmakeworsedrivers”可知，此处指认为女司机是“更糟糕的(worse)”司机的想法是一种刻板印象。3．A.drivingB．workingC．teachingD．inventing解析：选A由上文中的“womendrovelessthanmen”可知，“开车(driving)”被认为是男性的职责。4．A.popularB．strongC．positiveD．different解析：选D由下文中“thiscontroversialquestion”可知，人们对这个有争议的问