2026年中考英语专项复习：阅读七选五（含答案解析）

中考英语专项训练阅读七选五

一.短文还原(共10小题)

1.阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Theflu(流感)isacommonillness.Duringspringandwinter,youmayfindpeoplearoundyou

coughingorsniffing(抽鼻子).(1)Hereissomeadviceforyou.

Keepyourhandsclean.Youmaykeepyourselfawayfromanyonecoughing,butyou'remorelikelyto

pickupcoldvirusesfromsomethingyoutouch.Coldvirusesarcoftenondoorknobs(把手),asthey're

oftentouched.(2)"Ifthereisnowaytocleanhands,trynottotouchyoureyesornose,"says

DrRossWalton."Thisisaverycommonwayfbrviruses(ogetintoyourbody."

(3)Whenyou'resleeping,yourbodyisabletoproducesomethingtofightviruses.People

whosleepfbr7-8hoursanighthavebetterimmunity(免疫力)thanthosewhosleepless.Accordingtoa

healthexpert,ifyoudon'thaveagoodsleepduringthenight,a30-minutedaytimenapisenoughtomake

upforit.

Doexercise.(4)Havingastrongimmunesystemgivesyouachanceoffightingthevirusoff

beforeitmakesyouill.Youcanplaythesportthatyouenjoymost.Forexample,youcanwalk,run,swimor

dance.

Gettheflujab(预防针).Tostayawayfromtheflu»(5)"It'struethatthejabcan'thelp

usfightagainstallkindsofflu,butitcansavelives.Icertainlyhaveoneeveryyear,"saysDrWalton.

A.gettingflujabsisnecessaryandimportant.

B.Havingenoughsleepisimportant.

C.Howcanyoustayawayfromtheflu?

D.Getenoughsleep.

E.Washinghandswillkeepyoufrompickingupavirus.

F.Itdoesn'tmatterwhatkindofexercise.

G.Itcanmaketheimmunesystemworkbetter.

2.Peoplewhothinkinapositivewayarchappier,healthier,andgetalongbetterwithothers.Building

habitsthatencourageyoutothinkmorepositivelyisveryimportant,especiallywhenyou'redealingwith

alotofnegative(消极)feelingslikefear,sadnessorstress.Everyonehasnegativethoughtsandfeelings

sometimes.(1)

Noticeeverypositivefeelingyouhaveduring(heday.Makealistof(hem.Thenyoucanknowmore

aboutthefeelingsyouexperienceandtheactivitiesthatcausethem.(2)

(3)Let'ssayyouchooseconfidence.Whathelpsyoufeelconfident?Howcanyougetmore

□fthatfeeling?Youmightgetsomeencouragementfromyourparentsbeforeatest.Ormaybeyoustandup

straighterandwalkthroughthehallsinaconfidentway,feelingstrong.

Begrateful.Tr)fyourbesttopracticegratitude(感激)everyday.(4)Itcouldbelikehavinga

placetolive,food,friends,fair.ily,evencleanwatcr.It'stakingamomenttothinkabouthowluckyyouarc

whensomethinggoodhappens.

Positivethoughtsandfeelingsarepowerfultools.(5)Trycreateenoughroomforjoy,fun,

friendship,kindnessandgratitude.Yourlifecanbebetter.

A.Beconfidentwhenthereischallenge.

B.Pickapositivefeelingandmakeitstronger.

C.So,makeawayfortheminyoureverydaylife.

D.Herearesomeuseful(ipsforyoutogetencouragement.

E.Thismeansnoticingthethingsyouusuallypaylittleattentionto.

F.Forexample,youmightfeelproudwhenyouansweraquestionright.

G.However,you'dbettergetsometrainingtolookonthebrightsideasmuchasyoucan.

3.Bigdataismanysetsofinformationthatarcputtogethertobeusedbyacomputerprogram.Thccomputer

programlooksfordifferentkindsofanswersinthedata.Wccanfinddifferentkindsofinformationfrom

manysourcesinbigdata,suchasinformationfromtheInternet,schools,companies,andgovernments.

(1)

Anothersetcanhavewhattheylike»howtheygotoschool,andhowmuchtimetheyspendonthe

computer.

Bigdatacanbehelpfulinmanyways.Thegovernmentusesittounderstandhowmanypeopletravelon

busesortrains.(2)Someschoolsusebigdatatounderstandhowmanychildrenneedextrahelpin

class.Theteacherscanthengivethesestudentsmorehelporsupport.(3)Ithelpsthemunderstand

(heirbuyersbetter.Forexample,onecompanyusesweatherdatatoseewhenpeopleeatthemosticecream.

(4)Forexample,althoughsomepeoplehavenetdoneanythingwrong,itmaystillpredict

thattheybreakthelaworhurtothers.

Howcanbigdatabeusedforgoodandbadthings?(5)Andtheyusuallythinkintheirown

waysandthenbuildathinkingmodel.Thethinkingmodelisusedtolookatandunderstandthedata.

A.Companiesusebigdata.too.

B.Bigdatacanalsobeusedinotherfields.

C.However,bigdatacanalsobringtrouble.

D.Onesetofdatacanhavepeople'snamesandaddresses.

E.Coinputcrengineerswriteprogramstounderstandbigdata.

F.Theinformationisthenusedtoimprovebusortrainservices.

G.Bigdataissolargethatil'sdifficultioprocessintraditionalways.

4.Nearlyeveryoneisshyinsomeways.Somearebomshywhileothersbecomeshybecauseoftoo

muchunhappiness.(1)Theymayalwayswonder：WhatkindofimpressionamImaking?

Dothepeoplearoundlikeme?Am1wearingunfashionableclothes?

Sinceshynessmakespeoplefeciuncomfortable,whynottrytoovercome(克服)it?(2)

Keepadiarytofindoutthecauseofyourfears.Bywritingdownyourthoughtsandfears,youcanknow

moreaboutyourself.

(3)Forexample,ifyou'regoingtoaparty,you'dbetterfindoutwhowillbethereandwhat

theywilldo.Thinkaboutwhatyouwouldliketosayaheadoftime.Inthisway,you'IIfeelitmucheasierto

communicatewithothers.

Makesimplechangesinbodylanguage/4)"S"standsfor"smilc"."O',isfor"opcn"(alwaysleave

yourlegsandarmsuncrossed),"F"for"forward","T"for"touch","E"for"eyecontact,'and"N"for"nod"

(showingyou'relisteningandunderstanding).

Nooneevergetsovershynesscompletely.(5)Soifyoufailtobeatshynesscompletely,don't

feelstressed.Atleastyoucangiveotherpeopleachancetoknowmoreaboutyou!

A.Thereasonswhytheyareshyremainasecret.

B.Theword"SOFTEN"maybehelpfultoyou.

C.Shypeopleusuallycaretoemuchabouttheirownactions.

□.Prepareyourselfforbeingwithothersingroups.

E.Don'lpaytoomuchatteniicn(othepeoplearoundyou.

F.Butmostpeopledolearntolivewiththeirshyness.

G.Herearesomesuggestionsfrompsychologists.

5.Haveyoueverhadanexperiencewhereyoumeetsomeonenew,learntheirnameandthinkto

yoursclf»"(1)"Whatdocsthismean,exactly?Scientistsarcsuggestingthathumansliketo

LordYcranawayinfear.(4)Thesaying"LordYeloveddragons1'isusedinthesamewayas"Hc

talksthetalk,butcan'twalkthewalk"isusedinEnglish.

(5)Inthestory,hepaintedfourdragonsonawallbutdidnotfillintheeyes.Sincethe

paintingsweresobeautifulandrealistic»manypeoplewishedthatZhangcouldfinishthepaintirg.Assoon

ashefinishedtheeyesonthefirsttwodragons,theskydrewdark,andtherewasalightningflash.Thctwo

dragonswithpaintedeyescametolifeandflewaway,upintotheclouds.Inspiredbythis,thesaying"Pain

(hedragonanddoi(heeye^meansioaddthefinalandkeypoint.

Inshort,thedragonisconsideredanimportantandadmiredpartofChineseculture.ltissomethingthat

shouldbewelcomed.

A.Also,asonoftheDragonKingoftheWesternSeaturnedintoMonkTang'swhilehorse.

B.TheChinesedragonisthoughtasfriendlyandbringsgoodluckandwealth.

C.Anothersayingcomesfromastoryaboutthe6th-centurypainterZhangSengyao.

D.Ofthe12animalsoftheChineseanimalsigns,thedragonistheonlyunrealone.

E.Infact,heisreallycrazyabouteverythingaboutdragonsinhislife.

F.ltseemsthathedidnotreallylovedragons,andhejustlovedtheideaofdragons.

G.Westernpeoplelovetheimageof"loong"aswell.

7.Haveyouseenanyadvertisementslike"zerocaloriesandnoweightgain?"Itisanadvertisement

aboutdietsoftdrinks.Arcdietsoftdrinksreallyagoodchoice?(1)

Somepeoplethinkdietsoftdrinksarehealthier.Becausetheydon'thavesugarorcalories.

(2).

Infact,dietsoftdrinkshavesomesugar,althoughverylilile.Ifthereis0.5gramsofsugarorlessina

100-gramdrink,itcanbedescribedasadietsoftdrink.(3)Thatisbecausethereareartificial

sweeteners(人工甜味剂)inthesedrinks.

Whenyoueatsweettastingthingslikesugar,youseemtowantmore.Yourbraintellsyourbodyto

prepareitselfformoresugar.：4)Thenyoumaywanttodrinkmore.

Somepeopledon'tliketodrinkwater.Theyliketodrinkdietsoftdrinks.(5)Dietsoftdrinks

candamageyourteeth.Theartificialsweetenersinsidearealsobadforyourhealth.Ifyouwanttostay

healthy»youshoulddrinkwaterinsteadofdietsoftdrinks.

A.Althoughdietsoftdrinkshavelittlesugar.Theystilltastesweet.

B.Whenyoudrinkdietsoftdrinks,yourbrainreceivesthesweetsignal.

C.Itisaqucslionworliidiscussing.

D.lnfact,thisisnotagoodchoice.

E.Theythinkitisbadforthem.

F.Theythinkdrinkingthiscanhelpthemloseweight.

G.Itisnecessarytodrinkmorewaterandexerciseeveryday.

8.InChina,moreandmorevacationerswanttospendtheirsparetimeatlesser-knownvacationlands

tohaveunique,relaxingholidayexperiences.(1).

AccordingtodatafromtheonlinetravelagencyQunar,ascitedbyBeijingDaily,during(heMayDay,

thenumberofroomsbookedathotelsinlesstraveledcitiesduringtheholidaywasup30%yearoneyear.

(2).Someyoungpeoplewhohavelittletimeforthemselvesonlystayedatahoteltomakethe

holidaymorerelaxing.

DaiBin,presidentoftheChinaTourismAcademy,toldBeijingDaily,“(3)."Aspeople

becomemoremature(成熟的)travelers»theydon'twanttofollowthecrowd.Someofthemonlywantto

takearestsomewherequietforseveraldaystoexperiencethelocalculturedeeply.

Inaddition,lesser-knownattractionsarenotas"commercial(商业的)"and"standardized"as

developedones.(4).Andunlikepopulardestinations,someunder-explored(未充分开发的)

placeswithlittleonlineshowingcanalsooffermoresurprises.

"Theriseofreversetourism(逆向旅游)isnotabadthing,"saidanopinionpieceinZhengzhou

Daily."(5).Italsobringsmorepossibilitiestothetourismmarket,"thearticleexplains."More

importantly,thetrendissettoforcepopulardestinationstobetterthemselvesinsteadofrestingontheirpast

honor."

A.Theycanoffermorerealandnaturalexperiences

B.Itmeansthatvacationersnowhavemorechances

C.Travelersprefertochoosesomeplacesthatdon'tcosttoomuch

D.Tourismwasonceaboutsightseeing,butnowitisaboutexperiences

E."Reservetourism"becomesanewfashionamongvacationersinChina

F.Sotravelershavebecomemorecarefultochooseplaceswithfewertourists

G.Vacationersavoidedpopularholidaydestinationstoenjoysomepeaceandquiet

9.(1)Nowtheold"beenthere,seenthat"typeischanging.Lastyear,experiential(体验式)

travelwaspopular.Touristslookedforwaystogettoknowlocalcultureandmadethemselveslooklike

localpeopleratherthanoutsiders.Sowhataboutthisyear?12)

Transformative（改造式）travel

Transformativetravelisverymuchlike"experientialtravel",buttakesastepfurther.ltusuallytakes

threesteps.Firstly,yougotoaplacewithadifferentbackground.（3）Andfinallyyoureturnhome

andapply（运用）whatyouhavelearnedtoyourlifc.Thislaststepisthedifferencebetweenthetwotypes.

Visitingdisappearingplaces

（4）EverettPotter,aUSATodaywriter,saysthattheSouthPole（极）and（heNorthPole

havebothbecomepopularplaces.AnoiherpopularplaceistheGrealBarrierReefinAustralia,whichmight

disappearinthenearfuture.

GreenTravel

Goinggreenwillbeoneofthemostpopularwaysthisyear.Onewaytoplanagreentripistotravela

shorterdistance（E巨离）.（5）Anotherwayistochooseaplacethatwillbenefit（受益）themost

fromyourtrip.Forexample,placeslikeNepalwillmakealotofmoneythroughthelocaltouristindustry

anddevelopquickly.

A.Itcanhelptoprotecttheenvironment.

B.Buttherearesomewaystosavemoneywhentraveling.

C.Thenyoulearnnewcultureandgettoknownewpeople.

D.Cantouristsgetevenmorefromtheirtravelingexperiences?

E.Youcanhardlytellthedifferencebetweentouristsandlocalpeople.

F.Disappearingplacesarewelcominganincreasingnumberoftourists.

G.Tosomepeople,travelingisallaboutthenumberofplacesthey'vebeento.

10.Therearemoreandmoreentrepreneurs（创业家）aroundtheworldthesedays,andsomeofthemeven

startedataveryyoungage.Entrepreneursworkonsolvingrealproblemsofrealpeopleandonimproving

theworld.（i）Theyseepossibilitieswhilecommonpersononlyseesproblems.

ImportanceofEntrepreneurs

Sotheworldneedsentrepreneurstosolveitsproblems,butentrepreneursarealsoimportanttothelocal

societytoo.Why?Theycreatejobs：Withoutentrepreneurs,wewouldn'thaveanyjobs.（2）They

createchange：Becauseoftheirgreatpurposes,theirideasandworkcanoftenhelptochangethe

world.Therefbre,weneedpeoplewhotakeaction,worktowardsabetterfuture,andcreatechancesfor

growthinorderforourcommunitytomoveforward.

CharacteristicsofEntrepreneurs

Seenfromamorepersonallevel»whatmakesoutanentrepreneur?Whatqualitiesdotheyhave?

,Willingnesstotakerisks

Buildingyourowncompanyisrisky.(3)Whenitconiestoentrepreneurs,theirhungerfor

challengesisstrongerthantheiricar.Thcyenjoychallengingtheircomfortzone(区).

•(4)

Thebestideasaretheresultofmanybrainscomingtogethertosolveaproblem.Forthatreason,

entrepreneursgladlylistenio(heopinionsofothersandaskforadviceinordertohaveihebestchancesof

success.

,Lookingforchances

Theworldisfullofchallengesandchances.Entrepreneurshavelearnedtolookforchancesandtouse

thistopushforward.(5)Instead,theyfeelpowerfultotakeaction.

A.Opennessforreceivingadvice

B.Findingwaystosolveproblems

C.Theywon'tletbigchallengesstressthemout.

D.Herearesomewaystobecomeyoungentrepreneurs.

E.Youarccreatingsomethingfromnothing,andunsureifyoucansucceed.

F.Theyopenupagreatmanyworkchancesforothersbystartingbusinesses.

G.Becauseofthesepurposes,manyofthebiggestchangemakersareentrepreneurs.

中考英语专项训练阅读七选五

参考答案与试题解析

一.短文还原(共10小题)

1.阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Theflu(流感)isacommonillness.Duringspringandwinter,youmayfindpeoplearoundyou

coughingorsniffing(抽鼻子).(1)CHereissomeadviceforyou.

Keepyourhandsclean.Youmaykeepyourselfawayfromanyonecoughing,butyou'remorelikelyto

pickupcoldvirusesfromsomethingyoutouch.Coldvirusesareoftenondoorknobs(把手)，asthey're

oftentouched.(2)E"Ifthereisnowaytocleanhands,trynottotouchyoureyesornose,"saysDr

RossWalton."Thisisaveiycommonwayforvirusestogetintoyourbody."

(3)DWhenyou'resleeping,yourbodyisabletoproducesomethingtofightviruses.Pcoplcwho

sleepfor7-8hoursanighthavebetterimmunity(免疫力)thanthosewhosleepless.Accordingtoa

healthexpert,ifyoudon'thaveagoodsleepduringthenight,a3()-minutedaytimenapisenoughtomake

upforit.

Doexercise.(4)GHavingastrongimmunesystemgivesyouachanceoffightingthevirusoff

beforeitmakesyouill.Youcanplaythesportthatyouenjoymost.Forexample,youcanwalk,run,swimor

dance.

Gettheflujab(预防针).Tostayawayfromtheflu,(5)A"It'struethatthejabcan'thelpus

fightagainstallkindsofflu,butitcansavelives.Icertainlyhaveoneeveryyear,"saysDrWalton.

A.gettingflujabsisnecessaryandimportant.

B.Havingenoughsleepisimportant.

C.Howcanyoustayawayfromtheflu?

D.Getenoughsleep.

E.Washinghandswillkeepyoufrompickingupavirus.

F.Itdoesn'tmatterwhatkindofexercise.

G.Itcanmaketheimmunesystemworkbetter.

【答案】(I)C

(2)E

(3)D

(4)G

（5）A

【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了流感这一常见疾病，并通过具体的建议指导读者如何预防流

感。

【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据上文"Theflu（流感）isacommonillness.Duringspringandwinter,

youmayfindpeoplearoundyoucoughingorsniffing（抽鼻子）."（流感是一种常见病。在春天和冬

天，你可能会发现你周围的人咳嗽或抽鼻子。）可知，上文提到了流感的普遍性和症状表现，接

下来应该引出如何避免感染流感的方法。C项”你如何能避免得流感？”自然地引导出了下文给出的

一系列预防流感的建议。故选C。

（2）细节推理题。根据上文"Coldvirusesareoftenondoorknobs（把手），asthey'reoftentouched."

（感冒病毒经常出现在门把手上，因为它们经常被触摸。〕可知，感冒病毒经常存在于门把手上，

因为它们常被触摸。紧接着应该是一个总结性的句子来强调洗手的重要性。选项E”洗手可以防止

你感染病毒。”可作为该段落的总结句，进一步强调洗手可以防止病毒接触传播的重要性。故选E。

（3）细节推理题。根据下文"Whenyou'resleeping,yourbodyisabletoproducesomethingtofight

viruses.Peoplewhosleepfor7-8hoursanighthavebetterimmunity（免疫力）thanthosewhosleep

less."（当你睡觉的时候，你的身体能够产生一些东西来对抗病毒。每晚睡7—8小时的人比睡得少

的人免疫力更好。）中提到睡眠对于免疫系统的重要性，可知前面需要一个能引入睡眠重要性的

句子。选项D”获得充足的睡眠。”直接点明了充足睡眠的重要性。故选D。

（4）细节推理题。根据上文“Doexercise."（做运动）可知本段讨论运动的好处，特别是它对增强

免疫系统的帮助。这里需要一个能够概括运动对免疫系统影响的句子，选项G”它可以使免疫系统

更好地工作。”说明了运动能够改善免疫系统功能的作用。故选G。

（5）细节推理题。根据上文"Tostayawayfromtheflu,（为了远离流感，）和下文'It'struethatthe

jabcan'thelpusfightagainstallkindsofflu,butitcansavelives.Icertainlyhaveoneeveiyyear,'says

DrWalton."（诚然，注射疫苗不能帮助我们对抗各种流感，但它可以拯救生命。沃尔顿博士说，我

当然每年都要做•次。）可以看出，作者在讨论接种流感疫苗的重要性。因此，空处应该是•个

强调接种流感疫苗必要性和重要性的句子，选项A”接种流感疫苗是必要且重要的。”符合语境。

故选Ao

【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。

2.Peoplewhothinkinapositivewayarehappier,healthier,andgetalongbetterwithothers.Building

habitsthatencourageyoutothinkmorepositivelyisveryimportant,especiallywhenyou'redealingwith

alotofnegative（消极）feelingslikefear,sadnessorstrcss.Evcryonchasnegativethoughtsandfeelings

sometimes.(1)__D

Noticeeverypositivefeelingyouhaveduringtheday.Makealistofthem.Thenyoucanknowmore

aboutthefeelingsyouexperienceandtheactivitiesthatcausethem.(2)_F

(3)BLet'ssayyouchooseconfidcncc.Whathelpsyoufeciconfident?Howcanyougetmoreof

thatfeeling?Youmightgetsomeencouragementfromyourparentsbeforeatcst.Ormaybeyoustandup

straighterandwalkthroughthehallsinaconfidentway,feelingstrong.

Begrateful.Tr)fyourbesttopracticegraiitude(感激)everyday.(4)EIicoukibelikehavingaplace

tolive,food»friends,family,evencleanwater.It'stakingamomenttothinkabouthowluckyyouarewhen

somethinggoodhappens.

Positivethoughtsandfeelingsarepowerfultools.(5)CTrytocreateenoughroomforjoy,fun,

friendship,kindnessandgratitude.Yourlifecanbebetter.

A.Beconfidentwhenthereischallenge.

B.Pickapositivefeelingandmakeitstronger.

C.So,makeawayfortheminyoureverydaylife.

D.Herearesomeusefultipsforyoutogetencouragement.

E.Thismeansnoticingthethingsyouusuallypaylittleattentionto.

F.Forexample,youmightfeelproudwhenyouansweraquestionright.

G.However,you'dbettergetsome(rainingtolookonthebrightsideasmuchasyoucan.

【答案】DFBEC

【分析】短文主要讲述了积极思维的重要性，并提供了几种培养积极思维的方法。首先，积极思

维能让人更快乐、健康，与他人相处更好。其次，文章建议关注每天的积极感受，并列出它们以

更好地了解这些感受的来源。第三，选择一种积极的感受并加强它，例如自信。第四，要心存感

激，珍惜生活中的小确幸。最后，强调积极思维和感受是强大的工具，应在日常生活中创造更多

空间来容纳它们，使生活变得更好。

(解答］(I)细节推理题。根据上文Everyonehasnegativethoughtsandfeelingssomeiimes.(每个

人有时都会有消极的想法和感受。)和下文的建议，可知此处是承上启下的句子，引出下文建议。

D选项”这里有一些有用的提示，让你得到鼓励。"符合题意。故选D。

(2)细节推理题。根据上文Thenyoucanknowmoreaboutthefeelingsyouexperienceandthe

activitiesthatcausethem.(这样你就能更多地了解自己的感受以及导致这些感受的活动。)可知此

处举例说明枳极思维带来的感受。F选项”例如，当你答对一个问题时，你可能会感到自豪。”符合

题意。故选F。

(3)细节推理题。根据下文Letssayyouchooseconfidence.(比方说，你选择自信。)可知此处

建议选择积极的思维。B选项"选择一种积极的感觉，让它变得更强烈。“符合题意。故选B。

(4)细节推理题。根据下文Itcouldbelikehavingaplaceiolive,food,friends,family,evenclean

water.(它可以是一个住处、食物、朋友、家人，甚至是干净的水。)可知此处建议要感恩生活中

的小事。E选项”这意味着注意那些你通常很少注意的事情。”符合题意。故选E。

(5)细节推理题。根据上文Positivethoughtsandfeelingsarepowerfullools.(枳极的思想和情感是

强有力的工具。)可知此处建议在日常生活中要使用积极的思想。C选项”所以，在你论日常生活

中为他们开辟一条道路。”符合题意。故选C。

【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出提示句；最后要再次

阅读文章检查，避免错误。

3.Bigdataismanysetsofinformationthatareputtogethertobeusedbyacomputerprogram.Thecomputer

programlooksfbrdifferentkindsofanswersinthedata.Wecanfinddifferentkindsofinformationfrom

manysourcesinbigdata,suchasinformationfromtheInternet,schools,companies,andgovernments.

(1)D

Anothersetcanhavewhattheylike,howtheygotoschool,andhowmuchtimetheyspendonthe

computer.

Bigdatacanbehelpfulinmanyways.Thcgovernmentusesittounderstandhowmanypeopletravelon

busesortrains.(2)FSomeschoolsusebigdatatounderstandhowmanychildrenneedextrahelpin

class.Theteacherscanthengivethesestudentsmorehelporsupport.(3)AIthelpsthemunderstand

theirbuyersbetter.Forexample,onecompanyusesweatherdatatoseewhenpeopleeatthemosticecream.

(4)CForexample,althoughsomepeoplehavenotdoneanythingwrong,itmaystillpredictthat

theybreakthelaworhurtothers.

Howcanbigdatabeusedforgoodandbadthings?(5)EAndtheyusuallythinkintheirown

waysandthenbuildathinkingmodel.Thethinkingmodelisusedtolookatandunderstandthedata.

A.Companiesusebigdala.too.

B.Bigdatacanalsobeusedinotherfields.

C.However,bigdatacanalsobringtrouble.

D.Onesetofdatacanhavepeople'snamesandaddresses.

E.Computcrengineerswriteprogramstounderstandbigdata.

F.Thcinformationisthenusedtoimprovebusor(rainservices.

G.Bigdataissolargethatit'sdifficulttoprocessintraditionalways.

【答案】DFACE

【分析】文章主要介绍了大数据。

［解答］(1)细节推理题。根据上文Wecanfinddifferentkindsofinformationfrommanysourcesin

bigdata,suchasinformationfrom(heInternet,schools,companies»andgovernments.(我们可以从

人数据的许多来源中找到不同种类的信息，例如来自互联网、学校、公司和政府的信息。)可知

此句提到了大数据，故”一线数据可以有人们的姓名和地址”符合语境，故选D。

(2)细节推理题。根据上文Thegovernmentusesittounderstandhowmanypeopletravelcnbusesor

trains.(政府用它来了解有多少人乘坐公共汽车或火车。)可知此句提到了大数据用于公共汽车或

火车，故”这些信息随后被用于改善公共汽车或火车服务”符合语境，故选F。

(3)细节推理题。根据下文Forexample,onecompanyusesweatherdatatoseewhenpeopleeatthe

mosticecream.(例如，一家公司利用天气数据来观察人们什么时候吃冰淇淋最多。)可知此句提

到了大数据对公司的帮助，故”公司也使用大数据”符合语境，故选A。

(4)细节推理题。根据下文Forexample,althoughsomepeoplehavenotdoneanythingwrong,itmay

stillpredictthattheybreakthelaworhurtothers.(比如,有些人虽然没有做错什么，但它仍然可能预

测到他们触犯了法律或者伤害了他人。)可知此句提到了大数据带来的麻烦，故”然而，大数据也

会带来麻烦”符合语境，故选C。

(5)细节推理题。根据下文Andtheyusuallythinkintheirownwaysandthenbuildathinkingmodel.

(它们通常以自己的方式思考，然后建立一个思维模式。)可知此句提到了计算机程序，故”计算

机工程师编写程序来理解大数据”符合语境，故选Eo

【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出中心句：最后要再次

阅读文章检查，避免错误。

4.Nearlyeveryoneisshyinsomeways.Somearebornshywhileothersbecomeshybecauseoftoo

muchunhappiness.(1)CTheymayalwayswonder：WhatkindofimpressionamImaking?Dothe

peoplearoundlikeme?Ain1wearingunfashionableclothes?

Sinceshynessmakespeoplefeeluncomfortable,whynottrytoovercome(克服)it?(2)_G

Keepadiarytofindoutthecauseofyourfears.Bywritingdownyourthoughtsandfears,youcanknow

moreaboutyourself.

(3)DForexample,ifyou'regoingtoaparty,you'dbetterfindoutwhowillbethereandwhat

theywilldo.Thinkaboutwhatyouwouldliketosayaheadoftimc.Inthisway,you'11feelitmucheasierto

communicatewithothers.

Makesimplechangesinbodylanguage.(4)"standsfor"smile"."O"isfof'open"(alwaysleave

yourlegsandarmsuncrossed),"F"for"forward","T"for"touch","E"for"eyecontact"and"N"for"nod"

(showingyou'rclisteningandunderstanding).

Nooneevergetsovershynesscompletely.(5)FSoifyoufailtobeatshynesscompletely,don't

feelstressed.Atleastyoucangiveotherpeopleachance(oknowmoreaboutyou!

A.Thereasonswhy(heyareshyremainasecret.

B.Theword"SOFTEN"maybehelpfultoyou.

C.Shypeopleusuallycaretoemuchabouttheirownactions.

D.Prepareyourselfforbeingwithothersingroups.

E.Don'tpaytoomuchattentiontothepeoplearoundyou.

F.Butmoslpeopledolearntolivewiththeirshyness.

G.Herearesomesuggestionsfrompsychologists.

【答案】CGDBF

【分析】本文主要介绍了害羞的原因和克服害羞的方法。

【解答】(1)细节推理题。根据卜文Theymayalwayswonder：WhatkindofimpressionamImaking?

Dothepeoplearoundlikeme?Am1wearingunfashionableclothes?(他们可能总是在想:我给别人

留下了什么样的印象？周围的人喜欢我吗？我穿的衣服不时尚吗？)可知，此处指害羞的人内心

想的事情，选项C”害羞的人通常太在意自己的行为。”符合题意。故选C。

(2)细节推理题。根据下文Keepadiarytofindoutthecauseofyourfears.(坚持写日记,找出你恐

惧的原因o)Makesimplechangesinbodylanguage.(在肢体语言上做一些简单的改变。)和Noone