定语从句之关系副词的用法（学生版）-2025年新高一英语暑假专项提升（人教版）

专题04定语从句之关系副词的用法

嫁内容早知道

，第一层巩固提升练

考点一关系副词的基本用法

考点二“介词+关系代词”的用法

・第二层能力培优练

，第三层拓展突破练

■第四层高考真题练

考点一关系副词的基本用法

［知识积累•练前热身】

定语从句除了由关系代词(that,which,who,whom等)引导外，还可由关系副词when,where,why引导，

它们在从句中作状语。

1.关系副词when引导的定语从句

当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示时间的名诃，旦在定语从句中充当时间状语时，用when引导，也可

以用“介词+which”来代替wheiio

Iwillneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichanearthquakestruckWenchuan,SichuanProvince.

我永远也不会忘记四川省汶川县发生地震的那一天。

2.关系副词where引导的定语从句

当定语从句所修饰的先行词是表示地点的名词，且在定语从句中充当地点状语时，用where引导，也可

以用“介词+which”来代替where5

Thehousewhere/inwhich1livedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.

我10年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了。

3.关系副词why引导的定语从句

当先行词是reason且从句缺少状语时，用why引导定语从句，相当于forwhich。

Thereasonwhy/forwhichIwaslatewasthatmycarbrokedownontheway.

我迟到的原因是我的汽车在路上抛锚了。

□注意：

1.如果定语从句前面的先行词是situation,stage,point,case,position,condition,activity,scene,occasion,

spot等抽象地点名词，且在从句中作状语时，应用where来引导定语从句。

Let'sthinkofasituationwheretheidiomcanbeusedproperly.

让我们想出一个可以正确使用该习语的情况。

Today,we'lldiscussanumberofcaseswherebeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.

今天，我们将讨论一些关于英语初学者对英语使用不当的情况。

2.先行词是point（时刻），occasiog时刻）等抽象时间的名词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，也应用

when引导。

Wehadreachedthepointwhentherewasnomoneyleft.

3.当先行词为way,意为“方法、方式若在定语从句中作主语、宾语时，可用关系代词which或that；

作状语时，要用inwhich或that或不填。

Thewaythat/which/不填heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.

Thewaythat/inwhich/彳、境heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.

I.IstillrememberthatafternoonIfellasleeponthebusandwentpastmystop.

2.Thereasonwecouldsucceedwasthatwecouldworkefficientlyasateam.

3.PleasetakemetoadistantlandIcanfindtheanimalthatgavefurtomakethissweater.

4.Istillremembertheyearwcstudiedtogether.

5.Theschoolwevisitedyesterdayisnewlybuilt.

6.OccasionsarequiterareIhavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.

7.Theywereputintoapositiontheyhadnorighttovoteortobeelected.

8.Icanneverforgetthedayweworkedtogetherandthedaywespenttogether.

9.Wcadmirehimforthewayhefaceshisdifficulties.

10.I'matanageIdon'tknowwhatloveis,butyoursweetsmilestilltouchesme.

考点二“介词+关系代词”的用法

4.介词选择的三个原则：

“一先”，即根据先行词的习惯搭配或意义来确定介词。

1）IstillrememberthedayonwhichImetTFboys.（ontheday在那天）

2）IwillneverforgetthefarmonwhichIworkedwithyou.（onthefarm在农场）

3）Themoneywithwhichyouweretobuyfoodisgone,（withmoney用钱）

“二动”，即根据定语从句中的谓语动词的习惯搭配来确定介词。

1iDoyoulikethebookonwhichshespent$10?（spendmoneyonsth花费金钱做某事）.

2）Doyoulikethebookforwhichshepaid$10?（payfor付钱）

“三意义”，即根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。

1）Air,withoutwhichmancan'tlive,isreallyimportant.

空气非常重要，没有了它人类便不能生存。

2）Thisis（hemanwithwhommybrotherhasworkedfortenyears.

这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那个人。

□注意：

并非所有介词都可以放到关系代词前，有些“动词+介词”被视为一个固定的词组，不可分割，这时不能

把介词置于关系代词前，如：lookfor,lookafter,payattentionto,takecareof,lookforwardto,gothrough等。

Thepatientwhomsheislookingafterisherfather.□

Thepatientafterwhomsheislookingisherfather.□

1.Bobaskedseveralpeopletoetohishomefbrdinnerlastnight,twoofwerehisclassmates.

2.Theyencounteredcountlesshardshipsthroughouttheirjoumey,eachoftestedtheirwill,butthey

succeededintheend.

3.Thegaswhichvvecannotliveiscalledoxygen.

4.Inthestrangecity,therewasn'tasinglepersonwhomshecouldturnforhelp.

5.Aftertenhours'drive,wecametoagreenhouse,throughglasswallwesawlotsofgreenplants.

6.RaisingtheretirementageisasubjectwhichalltheChinesehavearguedforalongtime.

7.Hewasthefirstoneintheuniversitytosetupapany,whichhedevotedalotoftimeandenergy.

8.Themanwhom1receivedaletterwasmybrother!

9.Thesettlementishometonearly1000people,mostoflefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthe

city.

10.Thefilminheplayedtheleadingrolewasagreatsuccess

一、完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

MybrotherHenryandIweredrivinghomewhenhetookawrongturn.Thewrongturntookustowardsa

___1___andwehadnowaytoturnback.___2___,mybrotherpaidthetoll（通行费）anddroveon.Hewasclearly

___3___bythemistake.

everywherethroughoutMexicoandsoldalstreetcarts,whichsellarangeoffrui（basedshavedice.Sellersmakea

mixtureofaraspadoandamilkshakecalled“eskimo“usingmilk,condensedmilk,freshseasonalfruit,sugar,

vanillaandice.

Dondurnia,Tiirkiye

Isthereanicecreamthatdoesn'tmeh（融化）?Yes,that'sexactlywhatdondunnais.LocalsalsocallitMaras

dondurma,whichisbelievedtoefromthecityandregionofMaras.Dondurmaismadewithgoatmilk,sugar,mastic

andsalep.TheTurkishusuallybuytheirdondurmafromstreets.

FrozenCustard,US

FrozencustardisthetypicalAmericanicecreamwhichisamixtureofmilk,cream,sugarandeggs.Itisdense

becauseit'smadeinamachinethatdoesn'tletairintoit.Americansusuallyhaveachoicebetweenvanillaor

chocolate.Theycanalsogofbramixtureofthetwo.

1.Whatdokakigdriandraspadohaveinmon?

A.Theybothhaveshavedice.B.Theyarebothhighoutput,

C.Theybothonlyhavesingletaste.D.Theybothhavelowpopularity.

2.Whatisincludedindondurma?

A.Greentea.B.Fruitjuice.C.Goatmilk.D.Chocolate.

3.Whichmaybesuitableforchocolatelovers?

A.Raspado.B.Kakigdri.C.Dondurma.D.Frozencustard.

B

I'vebeenhavingtroubleconcentratingononething.Itmadeschooldifficultfbrme.Wheneveryoneelseinthe

classwasfocusingon（asks,Icouldnot.

Inmyfirstliteratureclass,Mrs.Smithaskedustoreadastoryandthenwriteonit,allwithin45minutes.Iraised

myhandrightawayandsaid,"Mrs.Smith,yousee,thedoctorsaidIhaveattentionproblems.Imightnotbeableto

doit."Sheglanceddownatmethroughherglasses,uYouarcnotdifferentfromyourclassmates,youngman.”

Itried,butIdidn'tfinishthereadingwhenthebellrang.Ihadtotakeithome.

Inthequietnessofmybedroom,thestorysuddenlyallbecamedeartome.Itwasaboutablindperson,Louis

Braille.Helivedinatimewhentheblindcouldn'tgetmucheducation.ButLouisdidn'tgiveup.Instead,heinvented

areadingsystemofraiseddots（点）,whichopenedupawholenewworldofknowledgetotheblind.

Wasn't1the"blind"ininyclass,beingmadetolearnlikethe“sighted“students?Mythoughtsspilledoutandmy

penstartedtodance.Ipletedthetaskwithin40minutes.Indeed,Iwasnotdifferentfromothers;Ijustneededa

quieterplace.IfLouiscouldfindhiswayoutofhisproblems,whyshouldIevergiveup?

Ididn'texpectanythingwhenIhandedinmypapertoMrs.Smith,soitwasquiteasurprisewhenitcameback

tomethenextday—withan"A"onit.Atthebottomofthepaperwerethesewords:"Seewhatyoucandowhenyou

keeptrying?^^

Inspiredandtouched,Ibegantokeeptryinghardinmystudyandstruggledagainstattentionproblems.Ibelieve

onecanfindhiswayoutofdifficultywithdetermination（决心）andefforts.

4.Whydidn'ttheauthorfinishhisreadinginclass?

A.Hemissedseveralclassesbefore.

B.Hewasnotabitinterestedinliterature.

C.Hewasunabletoconcentrateonhistask.

D.Hewasusedtodoinghishomeworkathome.

5.WhatdoweknowaboutLouisBraillefromthetext?

A.Hewaspoor.B.Hewaswelleducated.

C.Hewasshortsighted.D.Hewasverycreative.

6.WhatkindofteacherisMrs.Smithaccordingtothetext?

A.Impatient.R.Encouraging.

C.Disappointing.D.Careless.

7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Youcanneverbetoooldtolearn.

B.Donotjudgeabookbyitscover.

C.Onegoodturndeservesanother.

D.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

©-O-©-©-©

一、阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Iwasashygirl.Ididn'tevenliketoanswerthetelephoneforfearthatIhadtotalktosomebody【didn'tknow.

Ienjoyedtheworldofshyness.However,atschoolIhad（ospendalldayinthepanyofothers.Myescapewas

reading.Ispentalotoftimestudyingandwasrewardingwithgoodgrades.MyonlyfailurewasSpanishl'dgetallAs

onmywrittenworkandtests,butDsandFsonthespokenpart.

EventuallyIwenttocollege.Daringmythirdyearofcollege,Ihadenoughofbeingshyanddecidedtochange

myoutlookandbehavior.Onedaywhileatschool,Inoticedanadvertisementforpositionson（helocalclassical

musicradiostation.Ihadgrownuplisteningtoclassicalmusic,andIcouldeasilypronouncenamessuchas

TchaikovskandChopin.

1hadabsolutelynobackgroundinradio,andabsolutelynohopeofgettingthejob.Theideaoftalkingto

thousandsoflistenersin“radioland”frightenedme.However,Iluckilysurvivedtheinterview.Iwasgivenbrief

descriptionsofsymphonic（交响乐）andapublicserviceannouncementtoread,andalistofposers'namesto

pronounce.Itwasn'thardfbrme.Ilefttherecordingsessions（录音片段）withasenseofreliefandasenseof

acplishment.AbouttwoweekslaterIactuallylandedthejob.Itwasachallengingjob,butIgrewtoenjoyitgreatly.I

begantofeelfortablctalkingtopeople.

AlthoughInowspendmanyhourseachweektalkingwithpeople,Tmstillbasicallyaquietperson.Perhapsitis

mysoftvoiceandmyquietnaturethathelpsdrawpeopleoutastheyrespondtomyquestionsasIinterviewedthem.

Myformershynessisafortune,asIcanrelatetopeoplewhofeelunfortablewhentheytalktonewspaperreporters.I

stillenjoymomentsoflonelinessandthepeacefoundinnature.ButI'malsogladIdecidedtomakeachangeinmy

lifethathasopenedmanydoorandopportunitiesthatIneverdreamtof.

1.Whaidowelearnabouttheauthor?

A.ShelikedreadingB.ShewasgoodalSpanish.

C.Shewasn'tinterestedinmusic.D.Shedidn'tworkhardenough

2.Howdidtheauthorfeelbeforetheinterview?

A.Veryexcited.B.Prettyconfident.

C.Highlyconfused.D.Extremelyanxious.

3.Whatdoestheauthorlaterthinkofherquietpersonality?

A.Itmakesothersfeellessfortable.

R.Itishelpfulfnrherchallengingjch.

C.Ilpreventsherbeinganewspaperreporter.

D.Itdrawsanegativeresponsefromaudiences.

4.Thetextmainlyfocusesontheauthor's.

A.desiretofindhertrueself

B.feelingaboutbeingaradiohostess

C.storyofexploringthemeaningoflife

D.experienceandfeelingofoveringshyness

二、七选五

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Circumnavigating（heplanet（K球旅彳亍）andstoppingoffwhereveryoulikeisthefinaltripformanytravelers.

___I___Hereisaguidetogetyoustarted.

Howtodoit

___2___Theoretically（理论上）anyroutingispossible,butknowinghowtheRTWbookingsystemworks

willmakeyourtripcheaper.Forexample,theStarAlliance（联盟）has27airlineswhichflyto1,185airportsin185

countries,andoffersaRTWticketwithamaximumof15stops.Buttherearerules:youmustfollowoneglobal

directionandyoumuststartandfinishinthesamecountry.

Whentogo

Theweatherwillneverbeidealinallofyourstops.___3___IfaHimalayahikeisyourhighlight,donotlandin

Nepalmidmonsoon（季风中）season;ifyouwanttoswimwithwhalesharksoffthecoastofWesternAustralia,be

therebetweenAprilandJuly.Ingeneral,citysightseeingcanbedoneyearroundbutoutdooradventuresaremore

relianton—andenjoyablein-therightweather.

—4―

Theclassic（andcheapest）RTWticketsflitbetweenafewbigcities,forexample,London—Bangkok

Singapore—Sydney—LA.Ifyouwanttolinkmoreoffbeat（另类的）places,priceswillclimbconsiderably.The

costoftheticketisbasedonthetotaldistancecoveredorthenumberofcountriesvisited.___5___Yourdaily

outgoingswillbefarhigherinEuropeandNorthAmericathaninSouthEastAsia.Indonesia,BoliviaandIndiaare

particularlycheap.

A.Wheretogo

B.Howlongwillyouneed

C.So,focusonwhatyouwanttodomostandresearchconditions(here.

D.Youcouldtravelaroundtheworldinaweekendifyouflewnonstop.

E.Also,ifbudget(预算)isanissue,spendmoretimeinlessexpensivecountries.

F.Butbookingaroundthcworld(RTW)tripcanbeaplcx(复杂的)business.

G.ThemosteconomicalwayistobuyaRTWairticketthatusesoneairlinealliance.

三、语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

Inrecentmonths,theChinaGrandCanalMuseuminYangzhou.whichexhibitsthehistoryandcultureofthe

GrandCanal,1(attract)agreatnumberofvisitors.Eachday,themuseumprovides15,(X)()tickets2

visitorstobookinadvance.Theyusuallyselloutonweekends,makingthemuseum3popularlandmark

inEastChina.

Ittakesonly20minutes4(get)tothemuseumbytaxifromtheYangzhoudongRailwayStation.

“Mypassion5(arouse)bythosepassengers,soItookmychildrentothemuseumtoo.Ineverknewwhy

ithadsuchgreatcharm6Igotthere.”

Themuseum7appearanceresemblesagiantship,covers8(),()00squaremetersandhouses

exhibitionhalls.Whiletellingitsstory,themuseumputsan8(emphasize)onimprovingvisitors'

experience.Youngpeoplecantakepartinaliveactionroleplaygamedesignedby(hemuseum,transporting(hem

backtotheMingDynasty,and9(immerse)theminanamazingworld.t4Itis10(true)avery

meaningfulexperience,“saidavisitorsumamedChen.

一、阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

(2024新课标H卷)Weallknowfreshisbestwhenitestofood.However,mostproduceatthestorewent

throughweeksoftravelandcoveredhundredsofmilesbeforereachingthetable.Whilefarmer'smarketsareasolid

choicetoreducethejourney,BabylonMicroFarm(BMF)shortensitevenmore.

BMFisanindoorgardensystem.Itcanbesetupforafamily.Additionally,itcouldservealargeraudiencesuch

asahospital,restaurantorschool.Theinnovativedesignrequireslittleefforttoachieveareliableweeklysupplyof

freshgreens.

SpeciHcally,it'safarmthatreliesonnewtechnology.ByconnectingthroughtheCloud,BMFisremotely

monitored.Also,thereisaconvenientappthatprovidesgrowingdatainrealtime.Becausethesystemisautomated,

itsignificantlyreducestheamountofwaterneededtogrowplants.Ratherthanwateringrowsofsoil,thesystem

providesjusttherightamounttoeachplant.Afterharvest,userssimplyreplacetheplantswithanewprcsccdcdpod

(容器)togetthenextgrowthcyclestarted.

Moreover,havingasysteminthesamebuildingwhereit'seatenmeanszeroemissions(排放)fromtransporting

plantsfromsoiltosalad.Inaddition,there^noneedforpesticidesandotherchemicalsthatpollutetraditionalfarms

andthesurroundingenvironment.

BMFemployeesliveoutsustainabilityintheireverydaylives.Abouthalfofthemwalkorbiketowork.Inside

theoffice,theyencouragerecyclingandwastereductionbylimitinggarbagecansandavoidingsingleuseplastic.4tWe

arepassionateaboutreducingwaste,carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment,MsaidaBMFemployee.

1.WhatcanbelearnedaboutBMFfromparagraph1?

A.Itguarantees（hevarietyoffood.B.1（requiresdaylodaycare.

C.Itcutsthefarmtotahledistance.D.Itreliesonfarmer'smarkets.

2.Whatinformationdoestheconvenientappoffer?

A.Realtimeweatherchanges.B.Currentconditionoftheplants.

C.Chemicalpollutantsinthesoil.D.Availabilityofpreseededpods.

3.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutBMFemployees?

A.Theyhaveagreatpassionforsports.

B.Theyarcdevotedtomunityservice.

C.Theyarefondofsharingdailyexperiences.

D.Theyhaveastrongenvironmentalawareness.

4.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A.BMF'smajorstrengths.B.BMF'sgeneralmanagement.

C.BMF'sglobalinfluence.D.BMF'stechnicalstandards.

（2024新课标H卷）GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,weallneedtotakeactionto

dealwithourAlpowcrcdfuture,andthisiswhereAlbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligencecsin.

ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbellisapracticalroadmapaddressingthechallengesposedbythe

forthingAIrevolution（变革）.

Inihewronghands、suchabookcouldproveasplicatedioprocessastheputercode（代码）（hatpowersAIbut,

thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades'professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintothe

understandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingfora

guidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bythec'ose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.

AswesoonetolearnfromAIbyDesign,AIisalreadysupersmartandwillbeemorecapable,movingfromthe

currentgenerationofkVnarrowAF,toArtificialGeneralIntelligence.Fromthere,Campbellsays,willeArtificial

DominantIntelligence.ThisiswhyCampbellhassetou（toraiseawarenessofAIanditsfuturenow-several

decadesbeforethesedevelopmentsareexpectedtotakeplace.Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificial

intelligence,orriskbeingsidelinedandperhapsevenworse.

Campbell'spointistowakeupthoseresponsiblefbrAI—thetechnologypaniesandworldleaders—sotheyare

onthesamepageasalltheexpertscurrentlydevelopingit.Sheexplainsweareata"tippingpoint"inhistoryand

mustactnowtopreventanextinctionleveleventforhumanity.WeneedtoconsiderhowwewantourfuturewithAI

topanout.Suchstructuredthinking,followedbyglobalregulation,willenableustoachievegreatnessratherthanour

dov/nfall.

AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,（hisisit.

5.Whatdoesthephrase“Inthewronghands,,inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Ifreadbysomeonepoorlyeducated.B.Ifreviev/edbysomeoneillintentioned.

C.Ifwrittenbysomeonelesspetent.D.Iftranslatedbysomeoneunacademic.

6.WhatisafeatureofAlbyDesignaccordingto（hetext?

A.Itispackedwithplexcodes.B.Itadoptsadowntoearthwritingstyle.

C.Itprovidesstepbystepinstructions.D.ItisintendedforAIprofessionals.

7.WhatdoesCampbellurgepeoplerodoregardingAIdevelopment?

A.Observeexistingregulationsonit.

B.Reconsiderexpertopinionsaboutit.

C.Makejointeffortstokeepitundercontrol.

D.Learnfrompriorexperiencetoslowitdown.

8.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.ToremendabookonALB.TogiveabriefaccountofAIhistory.

C.TDclarifythedefinitionofAI.D.TohonoranoutstandingAIexpert.

二、七选五

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

OvertourismIsForReal:HowCanYouHelp?

（2024新课标H卷）Travelpromotesunderstanding,expandsourminds,makesusbetterpeople,andboosts

localeconomicsandmunitics,but（herapidgrowthoftravelhasledtoovertourismincertainregionsanddestinations.

]Certainlynot.Thelossofv/hattravelofferswouldbeunacceptableintoday'sworld.Herearesometipson

makingwisedecisionstominimizepressureontheplaceswcvisitandimproveourexperience.

•Choosemindfully.Overvisiteddestinationsarethatwayfbrareason:they'respecial.Withsomanyonline

postsfeaturingthesameplaces,it'seasytofeellikeyou'remissingout.Gosomewhereonlywhenthelandscape,

cultureorfooddeeplydrawsyou.2

•Getcreative.Thebestwaytoeasepressureonovertouristeddestinationsistogosomewhereelse.Though

overtourismisdescribedasaproblemaffectingtheentireworld,it'sactuallyconcentratedtoasmallnumberof

extremelypopularspots.Thatmeansyouhavetonsofl