高考英语一轮复习讲义 同步课时练 综合提能练

综合提能练

I.阅读理解

A

(2021•河北石家庄质检)

HerearesomefunandengagingwaystoleamabouttheSustainableDevelopmentGoals

(SDGs)oftheUnitedNationsandwhatyoucandototakeactiontomakethemareality.

FreericefromWFP

Frccriccisafreeonlineeducationalgamewherepeopleofallagescandotheirpart—simply

byplaying.EveryrightansweronFreericebringsarealfinancialdonationtotheUNWorldFood

Programme(WFP)fromsponsorsworthabout10grainsofrice.Useyourtimeandknowledgeto

helpprovidefoodforpeopleinneed.

Frieda

Storytellingisapowerfulcommunicationstoolandhelpschildrenrememberlessonsand

virtuesthattheywilluseineverydaylife.Theideabehindtheproductionof(hestoryofFriedawas

tosimplifythelessonsoftheSDGssoyoungchildrencanbetterunderstandtheSDGs.

SDGPandas

Inspiredbyreallifeanimalambassadors(大使)QiqiandDiandian,SDGPandasarestickers

thatyoucanuseinyourWhatsAppconversationstohelpspreadtheSDGsandinspireactior.fora

betterworld.

SDGElyx

Elyx,theUnitedNations*digitalambassador,usesvariousexpressionsandactionstohelp

demonstratethemeaningofeachSustainableDevelopmentGoal.CreatedbyFrenchartistYAK,

Elyxhasnorace,sexornationalityandisauniversalcharacterpromotingtheimportanceofthe

UnitedNations,work.

语篇解读这是一篇应用文，介绍了四个了解和学习联合国可持续发展目标的途径。

1.WhichprogramusesagametopromotetheSDGs?

A.Frieda.B.FrccriccfromWFP.

C.SDGPandas.D.SDGElyx.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Frccriccisafreeonlineeducationalgamewherepeopleof

allagescandotheirpan—simplybyplaying.“可知，FreericefromWFP是用游戏来促进联合国

可持续发展目标的，故选B项。

2.Whatarcinspiredbyrealanimals?

A.TheWFP*sprograms.

B.Frieda'sstories.

C.Thevirtualstickers.

D.Thedigitalambassadors.

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，虚拟贴纸SDG熊猫的灵感来源于真实的动物，

故选C项。

3.What'sFriedameanttodo?

A.Promotestudents?story-tellingability.

B.EncouragefinancialdonationfortheSDGs.

C.Guidechildreninpracticingvirtuesindailylife.

D.MaketheSDGseasierforchildrentounderstand.

答案D

解析细节理解题o根据第三段中的“TheideabehindtheproductionofthestoryofFriedawas

tosimplifythelessonsoftheSDGssoyoungchildrencanbetterunderstandtheSDGs.”可知，

Frieda想让孩子们更容易地理解联合国可持续发展目标，故选D项。

B

(2021•河南顶尖名校联考)

Icamehomeragingwithanger.OnceagainIhadbeenaskedtodo“justonemore

thing”.MybosswasleavingthecompanyandthepresidentwantedtoknowifIwasinterestedin

takingovertheoffice.Theopportunitysoundedgreat-exceptthatIwouldhavenoadditionalhelp,

wouldreceiveminimalcompensationandwouldbeleftinapositionatacompanythathadno

chanceofbeingpromoted.MypoorhusbandaskedwhatIwantedtodo.Atfirst1consideredour

financialresponsibilities.ThenIrealizedIcouldnottakethejob;Iwasnotgoingtosettlefora

partiallyrewardinglife.IbelievedmyhusbandandIcouldmakeitwork.

Aftergivingitmuchthought,Ifinallydecidedtostudyoneofmypersonalpassions：

archilecture.Theonlyaccrecitedschoolswerelocatedacross(hestate,soforthefirstsemester,I

drovethreehourseachwaytwiceaweekThestressathomeandthestrugglesinschoolbegan

takingaphysicaltollonme.Altheendof(hefirstsemesterIwasreadytoquil,bu(Iknewthiswas

mychance.SoIfoundarelativewholivedhalfwaybetweenhomeandschoolandsheofferedmea

placetostayduringtheweek.

Inmypersonallife»Idiscoveredthatmanyofthev/omeninmyfamilyweresupportive

because(heydidnotfollowtheirowndesiredstudypaths.Mygrandmotherneverwenttocollege

becauseshebecameamother,andmymotheronlywentforashorterdegreebecauseshechoseto

startafamilyaswell.Myhusband'sfamilyweredisappointedthatmyschoolingwouldpushany

decisiontohavegrandchildrenintoour30s,butmyhusbandwassupportiveandneverapologized

formychoice.

Iwillfinishmymaster'sdegreeinDecember.Insteadofdreadingwork,Igetupeachday

excitedaboutmovingforward』knowtherewillbedayswhenIstilldon'twanttogetoutofbed

soearly»butIamproudofwhat1amdoingandI'msogladIdecidedtotakeachanceonmy

future.

语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章中作者讲述了她是如何通过学习改变自己的生活和命运

的。

4.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribethepresident?

A.Greedy.B.Generous.

C.Hardworking.D.Sympathetic.

答案A

解析推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可推知，董事长想让作者接受这份工作，却不给足够

的工资，也不提供助手，还没有晋升的机会，说明董事长贪婪。故选A。

5.Wha(doweknowaboutalolofwomenintheauthor'sfamily?

A.Theydidagoodjobinkeepingthefamily.

B.Theygaveupstudyingfurtherintheirlife.

C.Theyofferednosupportto(heauthorinherstudy.

D.Theymadetheirowndreamsaboutjobscometrue.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，作者家族里的很多女人放弃了接受更高的教育。

故选Bo

6.Whyistheauthorexcitedeveryday?

A.Sheishopefulaboutthefuture.

B.Shewillgetapayrise.

C.ShehasfinishedhermasterJsdegree.

D.Shedoesn'thavetogetupearly.

答案A

解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，作者即将获得硕士学位了，她的人生即将开始新

的一页，对未来充满了希望，所以每天都很高兴。故选A。

7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Whyweshouldworkhardatschool.

B.WhattheauthorJsfamilylifeislikenow.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Newresearchhasfounddeepwaterreservesunderthe

statewhichcouldhelpsolvetheirdroughtcrisis.可知，一些研究人员认为，加州的干旱危机可

以通过从地球深处取水来解决。故选B。

9.Whatcanbeinferredaboutextractingwaterfromdeepaquifers?

A.Itwasconsideredvitaltosolvethewaterproblem.

B.Itisboundtogainsupportfromthelocalpeople.

C.Itwasnotconsideredworththeexpense.

D.Itmaynotprovidequalifiedfreshwater.

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Theaquifersrangefrom1,000(o3,000feetbelowthe

ground,whichmeansthatpumpingwillbeexpensiveandtherearcotherconcerns."可知，从深

层含水层取水被认为是不值得花费钱财的。故选C。

10.Whatismentionedasaconsequenceofextractingwaterfromdeepunderground?

A.Thesinkingoflandsurface.

B.Theharmtotheecosystem.

C.Thedamage(oaquifers.

D.Thechangeoftheclimate.

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Thebiggestconcernofpumpingoutwaterfromthisdepth

isthegradualsettingdownofthelandsurface.v可知，从地下深处提取水会引起地表的下沉，

故选A。

11.Whatistheauthor*spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Toencouragepeopletosavewater.

B.Topromotetheseawaterdesalination.

C.Tointroduceanewwayofextractingfreshwater.

D.Todrawpeople'sattentiontothedroughtsinCalifornia.

答案C

解析写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项新研究，加州探测到有深水储备，

可以帮助解决干旱危机。以前的钻井只能达到I()00英尺的深度，但是由于新的抽水方法，

现在可以提取深层地下水。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一种新的提取淡水的方

法。故选C。

D

（2021•河南名校联盟）

Theriseofthemachinesisalwaysgoingtocomeatacost,aseachwaveoftechnology

destroyswhathasbeenputinplace.Thefastpaceoftechnologicaldevelopmentintheareasof

artificialintclligcncc(AI)androbotsiscausingmassivechangesinthefinanceindustry.

TheeffectisalreadybeingfeltonWailStreet,wheretherehavebeenfar-reachingand

significantchanges.Manyinvestmentbanksandbiginstitutions,inordertocutcostandmeanwhile

increasetheamountofwork>useAItotakeonfinancialtasksusuallydonebyhumans,suchas

wealthmanagement,operations,riskmanagementandtrading,whererobotscarryoutbetween

50%to60%markettrades,accordingtoCNN.

Thepreferencefortechnologyoverhumantradersresultsfromtheinabilityofthevast

majorityoftraderstoactconsistentlyreasonablywhentrading.Often,peoplefailtocontrol

themselves»allowingemotionstogetinthewayoftheirthoughtsandactions.Machinesdon't

sufferfromthesepsychologicalissueswhenamajortradingdecisionisbeingmade.Thisisbecause

theyremoveemotionfromshort-termtradingactivity,allowingforamoreobjectiveapproachto

trading.

Artificialintelligenceandroboticsisfastadvancingintotheinvestmentsector,whereits

unbelievableabilitytolearnandthinkwilleventuallymakethemthemostadvancedandcomplex

investmentsystemscapableofhelpingcorporationstomakemoreeffectivechoices.Activitiessuch

ascalculationsbasedonstructureddataandotherrepetitivesupporttasksarewell-suitedforrobots.

WhileAIisprobablythemostpowerfultechnologytoday,itsabilitytoperformcomplextasks

isliniitcd.Tradingmachinescanonlylearnhistoricaldataandtradepatterns.However,stockmarket

behaviorchangesallthetimeandcomputerscanbelessskilledinthefaceofunexpectedmarket

performance.HumanscaneasilyadjustIhemselvestothesechanges.Getlingtherobotstodothe

same,however,willrequirechangingtheiralgorithms(算法)，whichcanbetooexpensiveand

time-consuming.Forthisreason,humanswillalwaysbeastepaheadandremainrelevant.

语篇解读本文是一检说明文。机器人的出现确实让部分行业的从业人员付出了失业的代价，

尤其是金融行业。但是机器人真的能够完全取代人类的二作吗？

12.WhydomanyinstitutionsuseAItoreplacehumanemployees?

A.Toshowapreferencefornewtechs.

B.Topromoteworkingprcductivily.

C.ToexpandtheapplicationofAL

D.Toincreasethesafetyofwork.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，许多机构使用人工智能来取代人类员工，这样

做是为了提高工作效率。故选B。

13.Whatadvantagedomachineshaveoverhumans?

A.Theyarchardlydisturbedbymoods.

B.Theycanmakesubjectivedecisions.

C.Theyarefarmoreloyalto(heirjobs.

D.Theyneverdoanywrongtradings.

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，机器几乎不会受到情绪的影响。故选A。

14.Whatarerobotsmostgoodat?

A.Investinginstockmarket.

B.Performingacomplextask.

C.Adaptingtonewsurroundings.

D.Handlingfixeddataandpatterns.

答案D

解析细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，机器人最擅长处理固定的数据和模式。故选

Do

15.Whatwillhappeninthefutureaccordingtothelastparagraph?

A.Therewillbeanobviousriseinskilledworkers.

B.AIcancreateall-aroundprofitsatalittlecost.

C.Humansstillhaveaplaceinthejobmarket.

D.Robotsshallsubstitutehumansathighspeed.

答案C

解析推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，人类在工作市场上仍有一席之地。故选C。

n.七选五

(2021•江苏镇江四校联考)

HowtoBecomeanActivist

Activistsarepeoplewhoseetheneedforchangeanddevotetheirtimetodoingsomething

aboutit.16Ifyouareinterestedinit,youcandoso.

17Thiscouldbeanythingfromastudentclubtoanationalorganization(likethe

AmericanCivilLibertiesUnionortheNationalOrganizersAlliance).Mostactivistorganizations

offerdifferentlevelsofinvolvement,soyoucandowhateveryoufeelmostcomfortablev/ith,

whetherthatmeansattendingmeetingsanddemonstrationsorjustdonatingalittlemoneywhen

youcan.

Volunteeryourtime.Oneofthebestwaystomakeadifferenceistovolunteeryourtime.Reach

outtoorganizationsinyourcommunitythatdoworkfbryourcause,andaskhowyoucanhelp.

Donatemoneyorsupplies.18Ifyoucan'taffordtodonatemoneytoanorganization

thatsupportsyourcause»youmaybeabletodonateotherthingstheyneed.likeclothingorcanned

food.

Reachouttofamilyandfriends.Tellyourfamilyandfriendsaboutyourcause>andinvitethem

togetinvolved.Iftheyareinterested,shareliteratureaboutyourcauseorjusttalktothemabout

whatyouhavelearned.19

Promoteyourcauseonsocialmedia.Youcanusesocialmediatohelpkeepyourfriendsand

followersinformedaboutthecausesyousupport.20Also,youcaninviteyourfriendsto

attendeventsordonatetofundraisersforyourcause.

A.Takeclassesonissuesrelatedtoyourcause.

B.Joinanorganizationthatsupportsyourcause.

C.Theyaredrivenbypassionandavisionforabetterfuture.

D.Ifyoudovolunteerwork,invitethemtovolunteerwithyou.

E.Mostactivistsorcharitableorganizationsneedresourcestodotheirwork.

F.Postusefularticlesandwriteaboutwhatyouaredoingtostayinvolved.

G.Ifyoucan'treachouttotheminperson,thentryconnectingtopeopleonline.

语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章论述了怎样成为一名活动家。

16.答案C

解析根据上文“Activistsarepeoplewhoseetheneedforchangeanddevotetheirtimetodoing

somethingaboutit.可知，选项C可以承接上文。C项中的they指的就是上句中的activists。

故选C。

17.答案B

解析设空处是段落主题句。根据空后的内容可知，选项B符合题意，空后句中的This指的

就是B项中的anorganization0故选B。

18.答案E

解析本段建议捐款或捐物，浏览选项可知，选项E进一步解释了这样做的理由，符合语境。

故选Eo

19.答案D

解析本段建议邀请家人京朋友参与到你的事业中，根据上文"Iftheyareinterested,share

literatureaboutyourcauseorjusttalktothemaboutwhatyouhavelearned.”可知，D选项中的

(hem指的是上文中的yourfamilyandfriendso故选D。

20.答案F

解析根据段落主题句和上文可知，此处应是在社交媒体上推广你的事业的途径，故F项符

合语境,其中的Postusefularticlesandwriteabout对应上文中的"Youcanusesocialmedia”。

故选Fo

【II.完形填空

EversinceIwas13yearsold*Iwantedtobeaphotographer.Ihada(n)21ofworking

forsomemagazines,whichwouldallowmetotravelaroundtheworldto22therightpicture.

Afterleavinghighschool,I23inphotographyintheUniversityoftheArts.However,I

keptreflectingonmy24thoughIlearnedalotinmyfreshmanyear.Therewasnothing25

withtheschool,butitwasnot26fbrme.

I27myhighschoolphotographyteacherandcouldn'thelpbutenvyhiswork.Sucha

feelingmademeknowteachingstudentshowto28(heirfullpotentialintheirartworkwas

whatIwanted.And29,Iwantedtobeinvolvedina30thatmademefeellikeIwas

actuallymakingsome31inthecommunity.

Idecidedtotransfer(转学)toBuffaloStateCollege.WhenIwasinclass*Ialways32

myselfwithwhatIwaslearning.Then,duringmyfirston-siteteachinglessonatamiddleschool,

it33methatthiswaswhatIwouldwanttodofortherestofmylife,andI34loved

it.Now,asI,infinishingmysenioryear,I'mhappyicameiosucha35inmylife.I

believethisisjusttheonefbrme.

语篇解读这是一篇记叙文，主题语境是“人与自我”。作者曾经梦想做一名摄影师，但是

后来他选择了教学，成为一名美术老师。

21.A.chanceB.dream

C.experienceD.freedom

答案B

解析根据首句可知，作者13岁时，就想成为一名摄影师，因此这里指作者的梦想(dream)

是为一些杂志社工作。

22.A.acquireB.spot

C.offerD.assess

答案A

解析根据作者的梦想和uwhichwouldallowmetotravelaroundtheworldto”可知,作者周

游世界是为了拍摄到合适的照片。acquire获得，得到，符合语境。spot发现；offer提供；assess

评估。

23.A.joinedB.succeeded

C.tookD.majored

答案D

解析根据作者的梦想和下文的“intheUniversityoftheArts”可知，作者在大学里主修摄

影。majorin主修。

24.A.competenceB.option

C.lifeD.profession

答案B

解析根据上文的“However,Ikeptreflectingonmy”和下文的“thoughIlearnedalotinmy

freshmanyear"可知，尽管作者大一学到了很多知识，但是他不断思考大学学习摄影这个选

择(option)。competence能力：life生活；profession职业。

25.A.valuableB.special

C.wrongD.unusual

答案C

解析这个学校本身没有问题，但是它不适合作者。nothingwrongwith...表示“...没有问

题”。

26.A.pleasantB.suitable

C.acceptableD.practical

答案B

解析参见上题解析。plcasanl令人愉快的；suitable适合的；acccplablc可接受的；practical

实用的。

27.A.reliedonB.heardof

C.referredloD.thoughtof

答案D

解析根据上文可知，作者已经高中毕业上大学了，再结合下文的“Suchafeelingmademe

knowleachingstudents”可推断出，作者想到(thinkof)了中学的摄影老师。relyon依靠；hearof

听说：referto提及，谈起。

28.A.findB.strengthen

C.adoptD.realize

答案D

解析根据下文的“theirfullpotentialintheirartwork”可知，这里指教学生在艺术作品中充

分发挥他们的潜能。realize实现，将……变为现实。

29.A.aboveallB.atlast

C.ingeneralD.afterall

答案A

解析句意为：最重要的是，我想从事一份让我觉得自己在社区里确实起到一些作用的工作。

aboveall最重要的是；atlast最终：ingeneral通常；afterall毕竟。

30.A.stageB.job

C.dutyD.responsibility

答案B

解析参见上题解析。根据上文的“teachingstudents”可知，作者在考虑从事一份工作，故

选job。

31.A.differencesB.impressions

C.sacrificesD.explorations

答案A

解析此处指起到一些作用的工作。makesomedifferences有影响，起作用。

32.A.amusedB.associated

C.concernedD.helped

答案C

解析根据下文可知，作者非常中意自己作出的转学选择，因此此处表示他对课上的内容非

常感兴趣。concernoneselfwith对...感兴趣。

33.A.astonishcdB.informed

C.inspiredD.struck

答案D

解析根据下文的MthatthiswaswhatIwouldwanttodofortherestofmylife"可知，"这就

是我余生想做的事”是作者在上课时突然想到的事。sth.strikcsb.表示“某人突然想到某

事”。

34.A.absolutelyB.naturally

C.eventuallyD.gradually

答案A

解析根据语境可知，作者发自内心地喜欢教学，故此处表示作者极其热爱它。absolu⑻y绝

对地，极其：naturally自然地；eventually最终：gradually逐渐地。

35.A.conclusionB.consensus

C.decisionD.sense

答案C

解析根据上文的“Now,asrinfinishingmysenioryear,I*mhappyIcametosuch可

知，此处表示作者很高兴自己作出转学的决定，故选decision。

N.语法填空

(2021•江苏镇江四校联考)

Mostpeoplenowadaysaresobusywiththeirlivesthattheydonothavetimetoenjoya

healthyand36.(balance)diet.Formostindividuals,as37.resultofeatingfoods

richinfatsandsugarseveralyears,theychoosetogoonadietbutdonotsucceedattheend.Be

suretobewithastrong38.(aware)thatyouare39.youeat!Therefore,

maintainingahealthydietnotonly40.(provide)yourbodywithenergybutalso

numeroushealthbenefits.Oneisthatyouwillkeepahealthyweightandisalsotheeasiestancmost

41.(benefit)wayinwhichyoucanbeenergeticandprotectyourself42.a

numberofdiseaseswhengrowingold.Anotherbenefitisthatyouwillmeetyoureveryday

nutritional43.(require).44.(basic)speaking,youshouldensurethatyoutakethe

goodamountofvegetables,grains,milkandproteins.Inmostcases,ahealthydietcanhelpyou

decreasetheriskof45.(get)somediseaseslikediabetesandcancer.

语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了现代人如何享受健康的饮食。

36.答案balanced

解析考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处为and连接两个并列的形容词，修饰名词diet。

因此，此处应用形容词。故填balanced。

37.答案a

解析考查固定短语。asaresultof为固定搭配，意为“由于，作为……的结果”。故填a。

38.答案awareness

解析考查词性转换。根据空前的形容词Slrong判断，此处应用名词形式。故填awareness。

39.答案what

解析考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为表语从句，从句缺少eat的宾语可知，此

处填whato

40.答案provides

解析考查主谓一致。根据该句的主语为maintainingahealthydiet判断，谓语动词用单数形

式。故填provides0

41.答案beneficial

解析考查词性转换。根据空后的名词way可知，此处应用形容词形式作定语。故填beneficialo

42.答案from/against

解析考查固定短语。protect…from/against保护...不受....（的危害）。故填from/against。

43.答案requirements

解析考查固定搭配0nlectone'srequirements为固定搭配，意为“满足某人的要求故

填requirementso

44.答案Basically

解析考查词性转换。此处修饰现在分词speaking,因此应用副词形式。位于句首，首字母

大写。故填Basically。

45.答案getting

解析考查非谓语动词。根据空前的介词of判断，此处应用动名词形式作宾语。故填getting。

V.应用文写作

（2021•浙江宁波高考适应性考试）

假如你是李华，正在英国留学。下周你所在的社区将举行以中医为主题的社区活助，目

前正在招募志愿者。请你用英文向主办方提出申请，内容包括：

1.提出申请；

2.介绍自己的优势；

3.期待加入。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：中医traditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)

DearSir/Madam,

rinLiHua,aninternationalstudentfromChina.

Yours,

LiHua

【参考范文】

DearSir/Madam,

「inLiHua,aninternationalstudentfromChina.Hearingthatyouarerecruitingvolunteers

fbrtheactivityaboutTCM,Icannotwaittoapplytobeone.

IamcompetentfbrthejobinthatmyparentshappentobeTCMdoctors.Broughlupinthe

denseatmosphereofmedicine,I*mequippedwithabundantknowledgeofhowtodistinguish

variousChineseherbalmedicines.Besides,Ihavetheexperienceofbeingavolunteerguidefor

foreigners,becauseofwhichI'mconvincedthat1*1LiIIliveuptoyourexpectations.

I'dappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoaccount.Lookingforwardtoworking

withyou.

Yours,

LiHua

VI.读后续写

Themostdeliciousmemoriesseemtohappenduringtheholidays.Andlikeasquirrel

preparingforwinter.Iputthemawaytoenjoyslowlyduringthelongwintermonths.Sometimes»I

enjoythemforyears.

Among(hemaresweetestrecollections：mylittlegirlstx(hechurchplayandthemoment(hey

gottheirfirstangelwings;apinkdollystroller(手推车)wheeledintothebedroomwithatinyvoice

declaring,uLookwhatSantaClausbroughtme!”；orNewYcar,ssnowmenwearingbright

scarvesborrow