人教版必修一Unit 3 Sports and fitness同步练习（含答案）

UNIT3SPORTSANDFITNESS

一、阅读理解

A

Anewstudy,aprojectoftheresearchersfromtheUniversityofPittsburghinPennsylvania,findsthata

fitnessiracker（健康追踪器）probablydoesnothelpwithweightloss.

Thetrackersaredesignedtorecordyourphysicalactivity.Theyareusuallywornaroundthewrisl（手

腕）,wheretheyrecordaperson'sheartrate.Theresearchteamlookedattwogroupsofpeople.Thefirst

woreafitnesstrackerandtookpartinhealthconsultationwithexpertsforbestweight-lossplan.The

researcherscomparedthisgroupwithpeoplewhoonlygothealthconsultation.

Thestudyfoundthatihoseonlyspeakingwiththehealthexpertslostnearly6kilograms,butthose

usingafitnesstrackerlostonly3.5kilograms.JohnJakicic.theleadresearcher,questionedtheuseofthese

trackersforweightloss.

Thestudyinvolved470peopleagedbetween18and35.Someofthemwereoverweight,whileothers

wereconsideredobese.Overthreefourthsofthemwerewomen.Allweretoldtoincreasephysicalactivity

andstartonalow-caloriediet.Theyhadtheirweightmeasuredonceeverysixmonths.Aftersixmonths,

researchersdividedthegroupintotwoparts:onecontinuedwithmonthlyconsulting,whilemembersof

（heothergroupweregivenafitnesstracker.Eighteenmonthslater,bothgroupsshowedgreat

improvementsinfitness,physicalactivityanddiet,withnobigdifferencebetweengroups.However,

whenitcametolosingweight,thepeoplewhoonlyspokewithexpertslostnearlytwiceasmuchweight.

Jakicicsaid,"Thestudy'sfindingsareimportantbecauseeffectivelong-termtreatmentsareneededto

dealwithAmerica'sobesity."Moreinformationisneeded,headded,tolearnhowtobestusethesetrackers

tohelpadultswhowanttoloseweight.

1.Bothgroupsofpeopleinthestudywereaskedto.

A.startonahigh-caloriedietB.wearafitnesstracker

C.consultexpertsD.recordtheirheartrates

2.WhydoesJakicicthinkthefindingsareimportant?

A.Wearingfitnesstrackershardlyhelpspeopleloseweight.

B.Physicalactivityanddiethavenoeffectonweightloss.

C.Dealingwithobesityneedseffectivelong-termtreatments.

D.Therearegreatdifferencesinhealthbetweenbothgroups.

3.Whatcanweinferaboutthestudymentionedinthetext?

A.Thestudywentonforabouttwoyears.

B.Morethan120mentookpartinthestudy.

C.Healthconsultinghelpslosealmost6kilograms.

D.Wearingafitnesstrackerisusefulforkeepingslim.

4.Thepurposeofthetextisto.

A.describehowtheresearcherscarriedoutthestudy

B.showregularconsultingforweightcontrolisnecessary

C.persuadereaderstowearfitnesstrackersforweightcontrol

D.warnwomenarcmorelikelytosufferfromweightproblems

B

Aroundtheworldmoreandmorepeoplearctakingpartindangeroussportsandactivities.Ofcourse,

therehavealwaysbeenpeoplewhohavelookedforadventure-thosewhohaveclimbedthehigaest

mountains,traveledintounknownpartsof(heworldorsailedinsmallboatsacrossthegreatestcceans.

Now,however,(herearepeoplewholookforanimmediateexcitementfromariskyactivitywhichmay

onlylastafewminutesorevenseconds.

Iwouldconsiderbungeejumpingtobeagoodexampleofsuchanactivity.Youjumpfromahigh

place(perhapsabridgeorahot-airballoon)200meresabove(hegroundwithanelastic(有弹性的)rope

tiedtoyourankles.Youfallatupto15()kilometeranhouruntiltheropestopsyoufromhittingtheground.

Itissaidthatabout2millionpeoplearoundtheworldhavenowtriedbungeejumping.Otheractivities

whichmostpeoplewouldsayareasriskyasbungeejumpingincludejumpingfromtallbuildingsand

divingintotheseafromthetopofhighcliffs(悬崖).

Whydopeopletakepartinsuchactivitiesasthese?Somepsychologistssuggestthatitisbecauselife

inmodernsocietieshasbecomesafeandboring.Notverylongago,people'sliveswereconstantlyin

danger.Theyhadtogooutandhuntforfood,diseasescouldnoteasilybecured,andlifewasacontinuous

battlefbrsurvival.

Nowadays,accordingtomanypeople,lifeofferslittleexcitement.Theyliveandworkinsafe

conditions;theybuyfoodinshops;andtherearedoctorsandhospitalstolookafterthemiftheybecomeill.

Theanswerforsomeofthesepeopleistolookfordangerinactivitiessuchasbungeejumping.

5.Moreandmorepeopletoday.

A.arecomingclosetodeathinsports

B.arcclimbingthehighestmountains

C.aretryingactivitiessuchasbungeejumping

D.aretravelingintounknownpartsoftheworld

6.Inbungeejumping,you.

A.jumpashighasyoucan

B.slidedownaropetotheground

C.tieyourselftoaropeandfalltotheground

D.falltowardsthegroundwithoutanyprotection

7.Peopletakepartindangeroussportsmainlybecause.

A.(heyhavealotoffree(ime

B.theirlifeisshortofexcitement

C.theynolongerneedtohuntforfood

D.theycangotohospitaliftheyareinjured

8.Thebesttitleforthetextis.

A.DangerousSports：WhatandWhy

B.TheBoredomofModernLife

C.BungeeJumping：ItisreallyDangerous

D.TheNeedforExcitement

c

Ifapresident,aphilosopher,andoneofthebest-sellingauthorsofalltimepraisedthesamesecretfor

theirsuccess,wouldyoutrytofollowittoo?Infact,youprobablydoiteveryday.Here'swhatFriedrich

Nietzschewrote:"Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathaveanyworth."ThomasJefferson:"Walking

isthebestpossibleexercise.Adaptyourselftowalkingveryfar."Itotallyagreethatthishabitisn'tahabit

butanecessaryfactorofcreativeprocess.

Areyoustillsitting(herereading(his?Getwalking!

A.Takingabathin(heforestisrelaxingandmedicallybeneficial.

B.Walkinginthewoodsisaneffectivewaytogetlight-hearted.

C.TheJapanesegovernmentencourageseveryonetolivenearaforest.

D.Keepingawayfrommultimediaandtechnologycangreatlyimproveyourcreativity.

12.Whatdocstheauthoradvisedoing?

A.Settingafitnessgoal.B.Solvingpmbleinscreatively.

C.Walkingfbrcreativity.D.Exploringnewpossibilities.

13.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Benefitsofwalkinginnature.

B.Secrettosuccessoffamousmen.

C.Waysofbuildingupyourcreativity.

D.Keystosteppingoutofthecomfortzone.

D

Indiaisacountrywithallkindsofpeople,culture,foodpractices,etc.whicharcallpreparedfromthe

sameproductsbuttherecipe(食谱)resultedfinallyiscertainlynameddifferently.However,stilltheBaby

FoodRecipesare(hesamethroughout(hecountry,oftenallfollowHealthyFoodPractices.Healthyfood

forkidscaneitherbehomemadeoraproductsuggestedbydoctors.

TheworldspeaksmoreabouttheIndianbabyfood,sinceintheolddaystheyusedtofeedthekidwith

thehomemadefoods,whicharehighlynutritiousandcanimprovethebabydevelopment,makingitgrow

morerobust.Thefoodpreparedathomeiseasilydigestiblebythebaby,whichneverhasbadeffectonthe

digestivesystemorcausesrelatedproblems.Agoodmothercarealwaysstartswiththebestfoodpractices,

whichcanreallymakethekidgrowhealthierandsafer.Abetterfeedcanmakethekidsleepcalmly.

Babyfoods,like(hegreens,fruits,eggsandmeatareverygoodforkids.Thefoodshaveallthe

proteinsandvitaminsthatarevaryimportantforthekidtogrowstrong.Butthequestionishowmuchfood

canreallybefedtoakidatatime.Thatmayeithermatterwiththecultureorthephysicalabilityofthekid.

YoucanfeedkidstheproductsliketheNestleCerelac,whichismoreeasilydigestiblebythebaby.

Todaybabyfoodwillbeinherited(继承)bythenextcominggenerations,soit'salwayssafetoadvise

thecominggenerationstostayfarfromthejunkfoodsandfoodsthatareshortofnutrition.AstheIndian

cultureandthebabyfoodpracticesaregreat,theyneverruintheirtraditionalcultureofwhatIndians

inherited.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"robust"inPara.2mean?

A.happyB.lovelyC.activeD.healthy

15.Whyarcthegreens,fruits,eggsandmeatgoodforkids?

A.Theycontainrichproteinsandvitamins.

B.Theymaymatterwith(heIndianculture.

C.Allofthemarenotverydifficulttodigest.

D.Theyareallveiyfreshandkeptveryclean.

16.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.GreatFoodPracticesB.TheBabyFoodRecipes

C.IndianTraditionalCultureD.IndianHealthyBabyFood

二、阅读七选五

Ihavecollectedsomeexamplesthatshouldbeaninspirationtoanyonewhodesirestobesuccessful.

Theyshowthatifyouwanttosucceedyoushouldexpectfailurealongtheway.Iactuallybelievethat

failurecanencourageyouonandmakeyoutryevenharder.⑴TheTrulysuccessfulthingswon'tbe

beaten,theytakeresponsibilityforfailure,learnfromitandstartalloverfromastrongerposition.

WaltDisney-oneofthegreatestbusinessleaderswhocreatedtheglobalDisneyempireoffilm

studios,themeparksandconsumerproductsdidn'tstartoffsuccessful.⑵Believeitornot,Waltwas

firedfromanearlyjobattheKansasCityStarNewspaperbecausehewasnotcreativeenough!In1922he

startedhisfirstcompanycalledLaugh-O-Gram.TheKansasbasedonbusinesswouldproducecartoons

andshortadvertisingfilms.(3)Waltdidn'tgiveup,hepackedup,wenttoHollywoodandstartedThe

WallDisneyCompany.

BillGatcs-co-foundcrandchairmanofMicrosoftsetupabusinesscalledTraf-O-Data.The

partnershipbetweenhim,PaulAllenandPaulGilbertwasbasedonagoodideabutaflawedbusiness

modelthatleft(hecompanywithfewcustomers.⑷However,BillGalesandPaulAllentookwhatthey

learnedandavoidedthosemistakeswhentheycreatedtheMicrosoftempire.

⑸Ihopethattheseareinspirationandmotivationforeveryonewhoaspirestobesuccessfulin

whateverwaytheychoose.Doyouagreeordisagreewithme?

A.So,theonethingsuccessfulpeopleneverdois:Giveup!

B.In1923,thebusinesswentbankrupt.

C.Hewasgreatlydepressed.

D.Everyexperienceoffailureincreasesthehungerforsuccess.

E.Thecompanyranuplossesbetween1974and1980beforeitwasclosed.

F.Manyfactorsmayaffectyoursuccess.

G.Beforethegreatsuccesscameanumberoffailures.

17.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.

18.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.

19.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.

20.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.

21.A.R.C.D.E.F.G.

三、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共22.5分)

Scientistsfindthathardworkingpeoplelivelongerthanaveragemenandwomen.Careerwomen

are(22)thanhousewives.Evidenceshowsthatthe(23)areinpoorerhealththanthejobholders.A

studyshowswhenevertheunemploymentraleincreasesby1%,thedeathrate(24)correspondingly(ffi

应地)by2%.Allthiscomesdowntoonepoint:workis(25)tohealth.

Whyisworkgoodforhealth?Itisbecauseworkkeepspeoplebusyandawayfromloneliness.Research

shows(hatpeoplefeel(26),worriedandlonelywhentheyhavenothingtodo.Instead,thehappiestare

(hosewhoare(27).Manyhighachieverswholove(heircareersfeelthattheyarethehappiestwhen

workinghard.Workservesasa(28)betweenmanandreality.Throughwork,peoplehavecontactwith

eachother.Throughcollective(集体的)activities,theyfindr.endshipandwarmth.Thisishelpfulto

licallli.Thelossufwork(29)thelossofalmuslcvcrylhing.Ilaffectspeoplespirituallyandmak.esllicm

liable(可能受……影响)to(30).

Besides,workgivesoneasenseofachievement.Workmakesonefeelhisorher(31)andstatusin

society.Whena(32)finisheshiswritingoradoctor(33)apatientorateacherseeshis

students(34).allofthemwillbehappybeyond(35).

Fromtheabovewecancometotheconclusionthatthemoreyou(36),thehappierandhealthieryou

willbe.Letusworkhard,studywellandliveahappyandhealthylite.

22.A.clevererB.healthierC.weakerD.worse

23.A.richB.injuredC.joblessD.sick

24.A.staysB.changesC.fallsD.increases

25.A.helpfulB.equalC.harmfulD.unique

26.A.luckyB.seriousC.cheerfulD.sad

27.A.busyB.freeC.lazyD.tired

28.A.riverB.gapC.channelD.bridge

29.A.meansB.explainsC.becomesD.reflects

30.A.peaceB.silenceC.happinessD.disease

31.A.developmentB.valueC.titleD.profession

32.A.workerB.fannerC.writerD.manager

33.A.managesR.controlsC.curesD.chooses

34.A.standB.growC.riseD.sleep

35.A.beliefB.descriptionC.hopeD.consideration

36.A.createB.recognizeC.gainD.work

四、短文改错（本大题共I小题，共10.0分）

37.文中有10处错误，要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词”

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写上该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意：I.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从II处起）不计分。

DcaiEdilui，

I'mwritingtotellyouaboutafoodpoisoningaccident.Severaldaysago,myneighborateabagof

foodbuyingfromthemarket.Afterthemeal,theyhadstomachachesandtheirfacesturnpale.Lucky,

oneof（heirfriendsfoundtheaccidentandimmediatelycalledanambulance,whichcarriedthem

quicklytoahospital.Afterseveralhours'treatmenttheyfinallyescapedofdeath.

Assomeillegalbusinessmenareonlyinterestedinmakingprofitstobecomerichquickly,we

seldomcareabout(henecessarysafetymeasuresorwhichhappenstoconsumers.Theymustbehave

chargedbylaw.Meanwhile.Idohopewholesocietycanrealizetheimportantoffoodsafety.

五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

38.假设你是学生李华，升入高中后，由于学业较重，你经常熬夜，第二天早晨上课时经常犯

困，为此你很苦恼。请你给某中学生英语杂志的编辑写一封信，寻求帮助。

注意：

1.词数80左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称：

4.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

DearEditor.

Sincerelyyours,

LiHua

答案和解析

1〜4.C、C、A、B

I.细节理解题。根据第二段末Thefirstworeafitnesstrackerandtookpartinhealthconsultationwith

expertsforbestweight-lossplan.Theresearcherscomparedthisgroupwithpeoplewhoonlygothealth

consultation.可知,两队都要务询专家。故选C。

2.细节理解题。根据最后一段Thestudy'sfindingsareimportantbecauseeffectivelong-termtreatments

areneededtodealwithAmerica'sobesity.可知，处理美国的肥拌问题需要长期有效的治疗。故选C。

3.推理判断题。根据第四段Theyhadtheirweightmeasuredonceeverysixmonths.Aftersixmonths,

researchersdividedthegroupintotwoparts...Eighteenmonthslater,bothgroupsshowedgreat

improvementsinfitness...可知实验总共进行了6+18=24个月。故选A。

4.推理判断题。结合第四段实验结果However,whenitcametolosingweight,(hepeoplewhoonly

spokewithexpertslostnearlytwiceasmuchweight.可知,进行健康咨询的小组减肥效果更为明显,

故选B。

5〜8.C、C、B、A

5.细节理解题，根据文中的第一、二段Aroundtheworldmoreandmorepeoplearetakingpartin

dangeroussportsandactivitiesIwouldthinkbungeejumpingtobeagoodexampleofsuchanactivity

可知我想蹦极这样的活动是•个很好的例子，也就是说现在越来越多人参加蹦极。故答案C。

6.细节理解题。根据文中的第二段Youjumpfromahighplace...Youfallatupto150kilometresanhour

untiltheropestopsyoufromhittingtheground可知你从一个高高的地方往下跳，脚脖子上绑着一根

有弹性的绳子，你以每小时150公里的速度往下落，直到快要撞到地面为止，故答案选C。

7.细节理解题。根据文中的第三段Sonicpsychologistssuggestthatitisbecauselifeinmodernworld

hasbecomesafeandboring一些心理学家认为，这是因为现代世界的生活变得安全和乏味。可知是

因为生活中没有那么多的刺激，故答案选B。

8.主旨大意题。根据文中的最后一段Nowadays,tomanype叩le,lifeofferslittleexcitement...The

answerforsomeofthesepeopleistolookfordangerinactivitiessuchasbungeejumping现在，对许多

人来说，生活并没有什么刺激。他们在安全的条件下生活和工作；他们在商店里买食物；如果他

们生病了，有医生和医院照顾他们。人们可以在蹦极等活动中寻找危险刺激。本文介绍了危险运

动以及人们为什么要参与这样的运动。故选A。

9〜13.C、A、B、C、A

9.根据第.段中Here'swhatFriedrichNietzschewrote:"Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathave

anyworth."ThomasJefferson:"Walkingisthebestpossibleexercise.Adaptyourselftowalkingveryfar."

（弗里德里希・尼采写道：“只有从行走中获得的思想才有价值。”托马斯・杰斐逊：“散步是最好的

锻炼方式。你要适应走很远的路。”）可知作者引用两位名人的话且接下来叙述了散步的好处，

显然目的是引入本文的话题walking,故选C。

10.根据第三段Ourcreativemindset（思维模式）istriggered（触发）byphysicalmovement（我们的创造

性思维是由身体运动触发的）第四段Justbygoingoutside,youaresteppingoutofyourfamiliar

surroundingsandyourcomfortzone,whichisnecessaryifyouwanttoopenyourmindtonewpossibilities.

（只要走出家门，你就走出了熟悉的环境和舒适区，如果你想敞开心扉迎接新的可能性，及是必

要的。）可知，散步（走出家门）可以“触发”创造性思维，所以Breakingyourroutinewithawalk

canbeacatalystforfreshunderstandingofproblemsorprojects.的意思为：用散步打破你的常规可以

成为对问题或项目的新理解的催化剂。因此catalyst的意思为“催化剂”，与选项A“Promoier

催化剂”意思相同，故选A。

11.第五段"Forestbathing",isacommonformofrelaxationandmedicineinJapan...nowa

government-provedpolicyinJapan.（“森林浴”，在日本是一种常见的放松和医疗方式。最近的研

究表明，在森林中会使你的压力水平升高。它的效果如此之强，以至于“森林沐浴”现在已经成

为日本政府的一项政策。）可知，在日本，“森林浴”是一种常见的放松方式，也是非常有效的方

法。可以缓解精神压力且被政府认可。故选B。

12.根据全文特别是最后段中的Suinsteadofsellingafitnessgoal,whynuisetacreativitygoalthat

startswithwalking?（所以，与其设定一个健身目标，为什么不设定一个从步行开始的创造力目标

呢？）可知，作者反复强调walk,且将其和创造力相关联，也就是作者倡导通过散步去思考去创

造。故选C。

13本文介绍了散步有诸多的好处，外出散步可以促进创造性思维，故选A。

14〜16.D、A、D

14.词句猜测题。根据笫二段第一句TheworldspeaksmoreabouttheIndianbabyfood,sinceintheold

daystheyusedtofeedthekidwiththehomemadefoods,whicharehighlynutritiousandcanimprovethe

babydevelopment,makingilgrowmorerobust.“J知,世界更多地谈论印度婴儿食品，因为在过去，

他们用自制的食物喂养孩子，这些食物非常有营养，可以改善婴儿的发育，使其变得更加强壮。

由此推知，划线词的意思是“健康的，强健的”，故选D。

15细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句Babyfoods,likethegreens,fruits,eggsandmeatarcvsrygood

forkids.Thefoodshavealltheproteinsandvitaminsthatareveryimportantforthekidtogrowstrong.

可知，绿色蔬菜、水果、鸡蛋和肉对孩子有好处是因为它们含有丰富的蛋白质和维生素。故选A。

16主旨大意题。根据最后一段的AstheIndiancultureandthebabyfoodpracticesaregreat,theynever

ruin(heirtraditionalcultureofwhatIndiansinherited.可知,印度文化和婴儿食品的做法是伟大的,他

们从来没有破坏从传统文.化中继承的东西。再结合全文内容可知，本文.主要讲的是•印度的健康婴

儿食品，故选D。

17〜21.D、G、B、E、A

17.根据failurecanencourageyouonandmakeyou(ryevenharder可知,失败可以鼓励你，让你更

努力，更能成功，故选D。

18.根据前面的didn'tstartoffsuccessfill可知,开始的时候炉不成功，会遇到很多困难，所以在成

功之前会遇到很多失败，故选G。

19.根据Waltdidn'tgiveup,hepackedup,wentloHollywoodandstartedTheWaltDisneyCompany.可

知，他并没有放弃，而是进军好莱坞，可以推测，他的公司运行出现了问题，B符合语境，故选

Bo

20.根据aflawedbusinessmodelthatleftthecompanywithfevzcustomers.可知，一个有缺陷的商业

模式让公司有很少的顾客，从而可以知道这样会给公司带来亏损，故选E。

21.根据Ihopethatthesearcinspirationandmotivationfbreveryonewhoaspirestobesuccessful可知

作者希望这些可以激励每个想获得成功的人，失败是很正常的，只有经历了失败了而依旧没有放

弃的人才会成功，故选A。

22〜36.B、C、D、A、D、A、D、A、D、B、C、C、B、B、D

37.【答案】DearEditor,

I'mwritingtotellyouaboutafoodpoisoningaccident.Severaldaysago,my(1Neighborateabagof

food(2)buyingfromthemarket.Afterthemeal,theyhadstomachachesandtheirfaces⑶turnpale.

(4)Lucky,oneoftheirfriendsfoundtheaccidentandimmediatelycalledanambulance,whichcarried

themquicklytoahospital.Afterseveralhours'treatmenttheyfinallyescaped(5)ofdeath.

Assomeillegalbusinessmenareonlyinterestedinmakingprofitstobecomerich