选择性Unit3基础练习-2023年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

2023年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(人教版

选择性必修二Unit3FoodandCulture

I.单句语法填空

1.(2020•江苏高考)Everypartyneedsastraightperson.You'llappearfunandfunnyby(associate).

2.(2020•全国I卷)Lighiingaccountsforabout7%of(hetotalelectricity(consume)intheUS.

3.(2019•天津高考)1wasextremelyinspiredbythe(elegance)way(hewordssounded.

4.(2018•天津高考)Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystems(consist)ofheat

detectors,smokedetectorsandsprinklers.

5.(2018•全国卷I)MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newersandlocalslookingto

experienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywith(minimize)effort.

II.完成句子

1.,Jackdidn'tnoticemeenterhisroom.

专心于看电影Jack没有注意到我进了他的房间。(absorb)

2.,heturnedtohisfriendforhelp.

不知道做什么，他向朋友寻求帮助。

3..hespendsalotoftimereadingbookseveryday.

为了取得进步，他每天花大量的时间看书。

4.Hedoesn'tlike.

他不喜欢被别人取笑。

5.Tomstaredatthefootprint..

汤姆盯着脚印，满心恐惧。

in.涪法填空

DecoratingwithPlants,FruitsandFlowersforChineseNewYear.

ChineseNewYearisa1.(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningof

spring.Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers2.(carry)specialsignificance.They

representtheearth

3.(e)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.

Thesearesomeofthemostpopularinmanypartsofthecountry

Oranges:Orangetreesarcmore4.decoration;theyarcasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.

Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes

5.(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.

Bamboo:Chineselovetheir"LuckyBamboo,,plantsandyouwillseethemoftenintheirhomesandoffices.

6.(certain)duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.Bambooplantsareassociated7.

health,abundanceandahappyhome.Theyareeasy8.________(care)forandmakegreatpresents.

BranchesofPlumBlossoms(梅花)：The9.(beauty)longbranchescoveredwithpinkcoloredbuds

(蒋蕾)makefantasticdecorations.Theplumtreesarc10.firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting(融

化).Theyrepresentthepromiseofspringandarenewaloflife.

IV.阅读理解

A

PeopleworrythatdevelopmentsinArtificialIntelligence,orA.I.,willbringaboutapointinhistorywhenA.

I.overtakeshumanintelligence,leadingtoanunimaginablerevolutioninhumanaffairs.Ortheywonderwhether

insteadofourcontrollingartificialintelligence,itwillcontrolus.

Thesituationmayno(ariseforhundredsofyearstoe,butthisdoesn'tmeanwehavenothingtoworryabout.

Onthecontrary,theA.I.productsthatnowexistareimprovingfasterthanmostpeoplerealizeandpromiseto

fundamentallytransformourworld,notalwaysforthebetter.Theyareonlytools,notapetingformofintelligence.

Buttheywillreshapewhatworkmeansandhowwealthiscreated.

UnliketheIndustrialRevolutionandtheputerRevolution,theA.I.Revolutionisnottakingcertainjobsand

replacingthemwithotherjobs.Instead,itisbelievedtocauseawidescaleeliminationofjobs—mostlylowerpaying

jobs,butsomehigherpayingones,too.

ThistransformationwillresultinenormousprofitsforthepaniesthatdevelopA.1.,aswellasforthepanies

thatadoptit.Wearethusfacingtwodevelopmentsthatdonotsileasilytogether;enormouswealthconcentratedin

relativelyfewhandsandenormousnumbersofpeopleoutofwork.Whatistobedone?

PartoftheanswerwillinvolveeducatingorretrainingpeopleintasksA.I.toolsaren'tgoodat.Artificial

Intelligenceispoorlysuitedforjobsinvolvingcreativity,planningandllcrossflcld,,thinking.Buttheseskillsarc

typicallyrequiredbyhighpayingjebsthatmaybehardtoretraindisplacedworkerstodo.Morepromisingarc

lowerpayingjobsinvolvingthe“peopleskills''thatA.I.lacks:socialworkers,barmen,doormen—professions

requiringhumaninteraction.Buthowmanybarmendoesasocietyreallyneed?

Thesolutiontotheproblemofmassunemploymentwillinvolve“servicejobsoflove”.ThesearcjobsthatA.

I.cannotdo,thatsocietyneedsandthatgivepeopleasenseofpurpose.Examplesincludeaepanyinganolder

persontovisitadoctor,helpingatanorphanageandservingasasponsoratcharityorganization.Thevolunteer

servicejobsoftoday,inotherwords,mayturnintotherealjobsofthefuture.

Othervolunteerjobsmaybehigherpayingandprofessional,suchaspassionatemedicalserviceproviders.In

allcases,peoplewillbeable(ochocsetoworkfewerhoursthantheydonow.

1.InwhataspectistheA.1.Revolutiondifferentfrom(heIndustrialortheputerRevolution?

A.TheA.I.Revolutionwillfinallybeeonebeyondhuman'scontrol.

B.A.I.isbelievedtoleadtoapointinhistorywhenittakesoverhumanintelligence.

C.HigherpayingjobswilltaketheplaceoflowerpayingonesintheA.I.Revolution.

D.Itmaybringaboutmassunemploymentnomatterhowmuchempioyeesarepaid.

2.Theunderlinedword“promising”inParagraph5isclosestinmeaningto.

A.promotionalB.demanding

C.guaranteedD.potential

3.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestinthefaceoftheA.I.Revolution?

A.Itissensibletoencouragepeopletotakevolunteerjobs.

B.Peopleshouldbeinstructedtodolessdemandingjobs.

C.Theproblemofjoblosscanbesclvcdbycreatinglowerpayingjobs.

D.Jobsrequiringknowledgeindifferentfieldsaresuitablefordisplacedworkers.

4.Whichofthefollowingmayserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.TheA.I.RevolutionCreatesNewJobOpportunities

B.ChallengestheA.I.RevolutionBringstoJobMarket

C.ADoubleedgedSword:theA.I.Revolution

D.InterrelationshipbetweenA.I.andUnemployment

B

5G,thefifthgenerationofwireless,promiseslightningfastdownloadspeedsandcouldlaythefoundationfor

hightcchadvancementslikesclfcirivingcars.Butlikemanynewtechnologies,it'scausingconcernaboutpotential

healthissues.

Thefirstgenerationofwirelessintroducedmobilephones,and2Gbroughttexting.3Glaidthegroundworkfor

“Thisisn'tthefirsttimepeoplewilleintocontactwithmillimeterwaves:They'realsousedinairportbody

scanners,nsaidLavVarshney,anassistantprofessorofelectricalandpurerengineeringattheUniversityofIllinois

atUrbanaChampaign.Still,it'sthefirsttimethehighfrcqucncywaveswillbeusedonsuchascale,andconcerns

sunoundingnewtechnologiesaremonthroughouthistory.

“Whencarsfirststartedreplacinghorsedrawncarriages,peoplewereafraidofwhatthehealthimpactsof

travelingathighspeedswouldbe、”Varshneysaid."Therehasalwaysbeenoccurrenceofthis企ar.”

5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingto(hepassage?

A.5Gisfasterbutnotsafetohumanbeings.

B.5Gfeaturesfasterandmoreintransferring.

C.5Gcanmeetpeople'sanydemandintheory.

D.5Gjustmakeslittleimpactonpeople'shealth.

6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Millimeterwavescertainlyaffectpeople'shealthseriously.

B.Millimeterwaveswillcausetheskin'stemperaturetorise.

C.It'sobviousthatmanyscientistsobjectto5Gtechnology.

D.It'shardtosaywhethermillimeterwavesdodamagetohealth.

7.Theunderlinedword“soothe”inParagraph8mostprobablymeans.

A.tomakesomebodyfeelcalinorlessworried

B.tomakesomebodyfeelhappyormoreexcited

C.tomakesomebodyfeeldisappointedorlesssatisfactory

D.tomakesomebodyfeelinspiredormoreenergetic

8.Thebesttitleforthispassageis.

A.5G'sAdvantagesandDisadvantages

B.TheDevelopmentofWireless

C.5GHealthConcern

D.5GFuturePrediction

V.完形填空

IfirstdiscoveredCafeGratitudeseveralmonthsago.MyfriendDr.Heatherinvitedmeto]herfbr

lunch.HeatherhadjustmovedtoLosAngeles,andwewoulddiscusstheprojectweweredoing.Aswesat

dov/nandwere2thedeliciousvegetarianmenu,theserverwhocametotakeour3askedusthe

questionoftheday,“Whatarcyougratefulfbr?”

1feltafamiliarstirinmychest,andmyeyesbegantowater.4pause,Heather5herhandout

tomeandsaidthatitwasgreattobewithme.Iexpressedmygratitudetobewithhertoo,enjoyingthis

momentofourshared6andhernewstartinLosAngeles.Afteradeliciouslunch,Idecidedtostaya

whilelongerasthequestionhadinspiredmetomeet(hecoowner,Ryland.Pausesor7inlifeareavery

goodtimetolistentowhat's8oninsideofourhearts.

WhenRylandcameovertomytablewithhisbigsmile,histitleofChiefInspirationOfficerseemedvery

9_forhispersonality.Hegavemehis10attentionasheopenedhishearttolisten.ItoldhimhowI

wantedtohelphimopenmore11sotherecouldbemoreplacestoeatandhelpspreadthis12of“being

generousandgratefuleveryday”.Sincethat13,CafeGratiuidchasbeenmyfavoriteplacetoeat.

Whatarewardingandmeaningfulexperience!AndI'vesincelearnedthatCafeGratitudepracticesbusiness

throughwhattheycall“Sacredmerce^^wheretheyprovideinspiredservice,andexpress14fortherichness

ofourlives.Asimplequestion(halday15medownnewpathsandgavemenewfriendships.

1.A.attendB.aepany

C.involveD.find

2.A.lookingB.testing

C.planningD.studying

3.A.spaceB.timeC.orderD.place

4.A.WithoutB.Despite

C.IntermsofD.Regardlessof

5.A.reachedB.shookC.clappedD.stuck

6.A.projectB.seat

C.honestyD.friendship

7.A.actionB.delaysC.hurriesD.dreams

8.A.lookingB.insisting

C.goingD.agreeing

9.A.suitableB.readyC.eagerD.anxious

10.A.simpleB.fullC.urgentD.regular

11.A.hotelsB.schools

C.clubsD.restaurants

12.A.lessonB.noteC.messageD.lecture

13.A.meetingB.performance

C.actD.vacation

14.A.explanationB.appreciation

C.considerationD.application

15.A.surprisedB.led

C.returnedD.held

参考答案

I.1.Evciypartyneedsastraightperson.You'llappearftmandfimnybyassociation(associate).

2.Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumed(consume)intheUS.

3.1wasextremelyinspiredby(heelegant(elegance)waythewordssounded.

4.Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsisting(consist)ofheatdetectors,smokedetectors

andsprinklers.

5.MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newersandlocalslookingtoexperience

Washington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimum(minimize)effort.

II.1.Absorbedinwatchingthefiliii、Jackdidn'tnoticemeenterhisroom.

2.NotkiiKwiiiBwhattodo,heturnedtohisfriendforhelp.

3.Tomakeprogress,hespendsaletoftimereadingbookseveryday.

4.Hedoesn'tliketobemadefunof.

5.Tomstaredat(hefootprint,fulloffear.

in.L文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用一些植物、水果和鲜花装饰中国新年的寓意。

1.【解析】celebration。考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始的标志。不定冠词

a后接名词形式。故填celebrationo

2.【解析】carricso考查主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义。这是一个

表语从句，从句主语为动名词短语decoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers,所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填

carrieso

3.【解析】ingo考杳非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新的开始的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词

为represent,所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与cbackto之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。

故填ingo

4.【解析】than0考查短语。句意：橘树不仅仅是装饰品。morethan不仅仅，不只是。故填than。

5.【解析】decorated,考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的

信息。句中them指代前句中的Changetrees,与decorate之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。

故填decoratedo

6.【解析】Certainlyo考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语作时间状

语，因此只有改变成副词才能符合句子结构，用副词形式作状语。故填Certainly。

7•【解析】with。考查短语。句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在,起。beassociatedwith与...

相联系。故填with。

8.【解析】tocarc。考查非谓语动词。句意:它们很容易照顾，乜很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be」形容词+

todo”结构。填tocare。

9.【解析】beautifulo考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词

branches,用形容词形式。故填beautiful。

10.【解析】the。考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。序数词first前要加定冠词【he。

故填the。

IV.阅读理解

A

1.【解析】选Do细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Instead,itisbelievedtocauseawidescaleeliminationof

jobs—mostlylowerpayingjobs,butsomehigherpayingones,too,“可知，与工业革命和计算机革命不同的是,

人工智能革命被认为会导致大规模的失业——大部分是低收入的工作，但也有一些高收入的工作，故D项

正确。

2.【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据画线词前的内容可知，部分答案将涉及在人工智能工具不擅长的任务中

对人们进行教育或再培训，人T.智能不适合从事创造性、计划性和“跨领域”思维的T.作。但这些技能通常是

高薪工作所需要的，而这些工作可能很难再培训失业工人，因此此处是说更有希望的是薪水较低的工作，包

括A.I.缺乏的“人际交往技能”：社会工作者、酒吧招待、门卫一需要人际交往的职业，由此可知画线词

词义为“有希望的；可能的“，故D项正确。

3.【解析】选Ao推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Thesolutiontotheproblemofmassunemploymentwill

involve飞crviccjobsoflove」口J知，解决大规模失业问题的办法将涉及“爱的服务性工作”，再结合本段最后

一句“Thevolunteerscniccjobsoftoday,inotherwords,mayturnintotherealjobsofthefuture.nnf知,换言之,

今天的志愿服务工作可能会变成未来真正的工作，由此可知，面对人工智能革命，作者认为鼓励人们从事志

愿工作是明智的，故A项正确。

4.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第四段中的“Wearethusfacingtwodevelopmentsthatdo

notsiteasilytogether;enormouswealthconcentratedinrelativelyfewhandsandenormousnumbersofpeople

outofwork.Whatistobedone?”可知，本文主要介绍了人工智能革命给就业市场带来的挑战以及应对办法,

故B项正确。

B

5.【解析】选Bo细节理解题。根据第"段中5G,thefifthgenerationofwireless,promiseslightningfastdownload

speedsandcouldlayfoundationforhightechadvancementslikeselfdrivingcars.第五代无线网络5G承诺闪电般

的速度，并可能为自动驾驶汽年等高科技进步婆定基础。可知5G网络会更快、更便捷。故选B项。

6.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳香槟分校的电子与计算机工程助

理教授拉夫・瓦尔什尼说，这并不是人们第一次接触毫米波：机场的人体扫描仪也使用亳米波。尽管如此，这

是第一次如此大规模地使用高频电波，历史上人们对新技术的担忧也是屡见不鲜。因此，对于亳米波对人类

健康的影响其实还没有明确的证据，很难说是否对身体有害。故选D项。

7.【解析】选Ao词义猜测题。根据本段中Still,assurancesfromgovernmentagenciesandindustryoperatorsare

notenoughforChicagoresidentJudyBlake...Shesaid,“Peoplecan'tchoosewhetherornottobeexposedtothis

radiation."不过，政府机构和行业运营商的保证对芝加哥居民朱迪・布莱克来说还不够。……她说，"人们不能

选择是否暴露在这种辐射下。”以及下文“我不需要再做一次检查。现在唯一的考验就是人们的生活。”67

岁的布莱克说。可知，布莱克所说的话是表达她的担忧和不安，因此soothe应该是“使某人感到平静或不那

么担心”。故选A项。

8.【解析】选Co主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句Butlikemanynewtechnologies,it5scausingconcernabout

poteniialhealthissues.但与许多新技术一样，它引发了人们对潜在健康问题的担忧。以及最后一段中瓦尔什

尼说:“当汽车刚开始取代马车的时候，人们担心高速行驶会对健康造成什么影响。”“这种恐惧总是会发生。”

可知，本文是围绕5G是否对人类健康有影响的担忧展开的，最佳标题应该是“5G