湖北省宜昌市2025-2026学年高三上学期九月起点考试英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省宜昌市2025-2026学年高三上学期九月起点考试英语试卷第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAstheglobalpopulationisprojectedtoreachnearly10billionby2050,thechallengerestsinproducingenoughfoodwhileminimizingenvironmentalharm.Herearesomecreativeapproachestosustainableagriculture.PRECISIONAGRICULTUREPrecisionagricultureusestechnologysuchasGPS,drones(无人机),andsensorstomonitorandmanagecropswithhighaccuracy.Byapplyingwater,fertilizers,andpest(害虫)controlproductsonlywhereandwhenneeded,farmerscanlowercosts,improveoutputandminimizetheenvironmentalimpactoffarmingpractices.VERTICAL(垂直的)FARMINGVerticalfarminginvolvesgrowingcropsinmultiplelayers,oftenincontrolledindoorenvironments.Thismethoduseslesslandandwaterthantraditionalfarmingandcanbeusedinurbanareas,reducingtheneedfortransportation.Althoughenergyuseremainsaconcern,renewableenergysourcescanmakeverticalfarmingmoresustainable.REGENERATIVEAGRICULTURERegenerativeagriculturefocusesonrestoringsoilhealthandimprovingecosystems.Practicessuchasplantingcovercrops,lessdigging,andplantingtreeswithcropshelpabsorbcarbon,holdwater,andsupportbiodiversity.Thesemethodsnotonlybenefittheenvironmentbutalsoenhancelong-termfarmproductivity.CROPDIVERSIFICATIONRelyingonalimitednumberofcropscanleadtosoildamageandweaknesstopestsanddiseases.Cropdiversification,whichinvolvesplantingavarietyofcrops,improvessoilhealth,reducesrisks,andenhancesbiodiversity.Thisapproachisparticularlyimportantforadaptingtoclimatechange.Astheworldfacesthechallengesoffeedingagrowingpopulationaswellasprotectingtheplanet,sustainableagricultureoffersapathforward.Byadoptingcreativemethodsandrethinkingtraditionalpractices,humanitycanensurefoodsecuritywhilesafeguardingtheenvironmentforfuturegenerations.1.Whatisoneofthebenefitsofprecisionagriculture?A.Reducingwaste. B.Usinglessland.C.Controllingpests. D.Supportingbiodiversity.2.Whichofthefollowingissuitableforurbanenvironments?A.Precisionagriculture. B.Verticalfarming.C.Regenerativeagriculture. D.Cropdiversification.3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthistext?A.Toadvocateenvironmentalprotection. B.Topromotetheuseofrenewableenergy.C.Topresentsustainablefarmingmethods. D.Toillustratetheconceptoffoodsecurity.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一些可持续农业的创新方法。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据PRECISIONAGRICULTURE部分中“Byapplyingwater,fertilizers,andpest(害虫)controlproductsonlywhereandwhenneeded,farmerscanlowercosts,improveoutputandminimizetheenvironmentalimpactoffarmingpractices.(通过只在需要的地方和时间施用水、肥料和害虫控制产品，农民可以降低成本、提高产量并最大限度地减少耕作方式对环境的影响)”可知，精准农业可以精准灌溉和施肥，从而减少浪费，故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据VERTICAL(垂直的)FARMING部分中“Thismethoduseslesslandandwaterthantraditionalfarmingandcanbeusedinurbanareas,reducingtheneedfortransportation.(这种方法比传统农业使用更少的土地和水，可以在城市地区使用，减少了对交通的需求)”可知，垂直农业适合城市环境，故选B。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Herearesomecreativeapproachestosustainableagriculture.(这里有一些可持续农业的创新方法)”可知，文章介绍了一些可持续农业的创新方法，故目的是提出可持续的耕作方法，故选C。BTheSydney2000Olympicsintroducedtheworldtoanunlikelyhero:EricMoussambanifromEquatorialGuinea.Knownas“ErictheEel”,hebecameasymbolofdeterminationandcourage,notbecausehewonamedal,butbecausehedaredtocompetedespitegreatodds.Ericdidn’tstartoutasaswimmer.GrowingupinMalabo,thecapitalofEquatorialGuinea,heexcelledatsoccerandbasketball.Butoneday,threemonthsbeforethestartoftheSydneyOlympics,heheardthattheInternationalOlympicCommitteegaveoutalimitednumberofwildcardstodevelopingnations,whichwereaimedatpromotingglobalparticipation.HemaynothavewantedtobeanOlympicswimmerbut,havingpracticedinalocalriver,Ericdecidedtogiveitashot.Withnoproperswimmingfacilitiesinhiscountry,hetrainedinahotelpoolthatwasjust20meterslongandoftenpracticedalone.BeforehearrivedattheGames,hehadneverevenseenanOlympic-sizedpool,letaloneswuminone.Onthedayofhisrace,Ericwasupagainstatoughchallenge.Histwocompetitorsinthe100-meterfreestyleheatweredisqualifiedforfalsestarts,leavinghimtoswimalone.Ashedivedintothewater,itquicklybecameclearthathewasstruggling.Hisstrokes(划水动作)wereawkward,hispaceslow,andbythefinal50meters,hewascompletelywornout.Thecrowdhelditsbreath,unsureifhewouldmakeittothefinishline.ButEricdidn’tgiveup.Stepbystep,orratherstrokebystroke,hepushedforward.Whenhefinallytouchedthewall,theaudienceeruptedincheers,celebratinghisdeterminationandcourage.HisswimmadehimaninstantstaroftheSydneyOlympicsforpostingtheworsttimeinthehistoryofthesport.Butitalsoremindedtheworldthatthere’sfarmoretotheOlympicspiritthanjustvictory.4.WhatchallengedidEricfaceduringhistraining?A.Shortageofqualifiedinstructors.B.Noopportunityforrealcompetitions.C.Noaccesstoproperswimmingvenues.D.UnfamiliaritywiththerulesoftheOlympics.5.WhathappenedduringEric’srace?A.Hefailedtoreachthefinishline. B.Heswamtheentireracealone.C.Hewasdisqualifiedforafalsestart. D.Hefinishedaheadofhiscompetitors.6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeEric?A.Devotedandhumble. B.Courageousandhonest.C.Optimisticandoutgoing. D.Determinedandinspiring.7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Aswimmer’sOlympicmedalvictory.B.Aman’scouragemotivatingtheworld.C.Anation’seffortsinsportsdevelopment.D.Asportsman’sdreamtowintheOlympics.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在2000年悉尼奥运会上，来自赤道几内亚的运动员埃里克·穆桑巴尼成为奥运精神象征的励志故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Withnoproperswimmingfacilitiesinhiscountry,hetrainedinahotelpoolthatwasjust20meterslongandoftenpracticedalone.BeforehearrivedattheGames,hehadneverevenseenanOlympic-sizedpool,letaloneswuminone.(由于他的国家没有适当的游泳设施，他在一个只有20米长的酒店游泳池里训练，经常独自练习。在参加奥运会之前，他甚至从未见过奥运会规格的游泳池，更不用说在里面游泳了。)”可知，埃里克的国家没有合适的游泳设施，他只能在20米长的酒店泳池训练，且从未见过奥运标准泳池，更别说在里面游过。这说明他面临的问题是没有合适的游泳场地，故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Histwocompetitorsinthe100-meterfreestyleheatweredisqualifiedforfalsestarts,leavinghimtoswimalone.(他的两名竞争对手在100米自由泳预赛中因抢跳而被取消资格，只剩他独自游泳。)”可知，在100米自由泳预赛中，他的两个对手因抢跳被取消资格，只剩下他独自比赛，故选B。【6题详析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，埃里克在条件艰苦、没有合适训练场地且从未见过奥运标准泳池的情况下，依然决定参加奥运会游泳比赛。比赛中，他虽然游得很艰难，但最终坚持游到了终点，这体现了他的坚定和鼓舞人心。D选项“Determinedandinspiring（坚定且鼓舞人心的）”符合对他的描述。故选D。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，可知文章主要讲述了埃里克·穆桑巴尼在2000年悉尼奥运会上的经历。他来自赤道几内亚，没有合适的训练条件，却勇敢地参加奥运会游泳比赛，尽管成绩不佳，但他的坚持和勇气成为了奥运精神的象征，激励着世界。B选项“Aman’scouragemotivatingtheworld(一个人的勇气激励着世界)”符合文章主旨。故选B。CAsimplehandshakemayrevealmorethanjustagreeting.Anewstudysuggeststhatthewaypeopleshakehandscouldunconsciouslycommunicateemotionsandpersonalitycharacteristics.Dr.EmilyCarter,abehavioralpsychologistleadingtheresearch,studiesnon-verbal(非口头的)communicationanditsroleinrelationships.Hercuriosityabouthandshakesbeganduringaleadershipworkshop.Shenoticedthatparticipants’handshakesvariedsignificantly,andshewonderedifthesedifferencesmightcarrymeaningfulinformation.Totestheridea,sheandherteamconductedanexperiment.Theresearchersfound200volunteersandrecordedtheirhandshakesusinghigh-speedcamerasandpressuresensors.Participantswereaskedtoshakehandswithstrangers,friends,andcolleaguesunderdifferentsituations,suchasmeetingforthefirsttime,resolvingaconflict,orcelebratingsuccess.Theteamalsomeasuredparticipants’heartratesandskinreactionstotrackemotionalresponses.Thefindingswereilluminating.Strong,firmhandshakeswereoftenassociatedwithconfidenceandenthusiasm,whileweakerhandshakestendedtosignalnervousnessordiscomfort.Notably,longerhandshakeswithslightupwardmovementswerelinkedtoexcitement,whileshort,rigidonesreflectedtension.Thestudyalsoillustratedthatthetemperatureandmoisture(湿度)ofaperson’shandcouldreflecttheiremotionalstate.Warmer,slightlysweatyhandsweremorecommonwhenparticipantsfeltanxiousorstressed,whilecooler,dryhandswerelinkedtocalmness.Carterbelievestheseinsightshavepracticalapplications.Forinstance,businessprofessionalscouldusehandshakeanalysistobetterunderstandtheirclients’emotionsduringnegotiations.Similarly,advisorsmightuseitasatooltounderstandaclient’semotionalstatewithoutrelyingonlyonverbalcommunication.However,Cartercautionsthathandshakesarejustonepieceofthepuzzle.“Humaninteractioniscomplex,andsomethingassimpleasahandshakecanspeakvolumes,”shesays.Asscientistscontinuetoexplorethemysteriesofnon-verbalcommunication,it’sclearthatnosinglegesturecantellthewholestory.8.HowdidDr.Carterandherteamstudyhandshakes?A.Byconductingsurveys. B.Byanalyzingpriordata.C.Byobservingparticipants. D.Byinterviewingvolunteers.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“illuminating”inparagraph4mean?A.Convincing. B.Revealing. C.Disturbing. D.Confusing.10.Whatcanwelearnabouthandshakeanalysis?A.Ithelpsinterprethiddenemotions. B.Itenhancescommunicationskills.C.Itcontributestobondingwithclients. D.Itfacilitatestheprocessofnegotiation.11.Whatcanbeinferredabouthumaninteractionaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Non-verbalcluesoftenmisleadus. B.Handshakesarekeytocommunication.C.Onegesturecannotexplaineverything. D.Bodylanguagespeakslouderthanwords.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究发现握手方式能无意识传递情绪与性格特质，以及研究过程、结果、应用及对人际互动的启示。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Theresearchersfound200volunteersandrecordedtheirhandshakesusinghigh-speedcamerasandpressuresensors.Participantswereaskedtoshakehandswithstrangers,friends,andcolleaguesunderdifferentsituations,suchasmeetingforthefirsttime,resolvingaconflict,orcelebratingsuccess.Theteamalsomeasuredparticipants’heartratesandskinreactionstotrackemotionalresponses.(研究人员找到了200名志愿者，并使用高速摄像机和压力传感器记录他们的握手情况。参与者被要求在不同场景下与陌生人、朋友和同事握手，例如初次见面、解决冲突或庆祝成功。该团队还测量了参与者的心率和皮肤反应，以追踪他们的情绪反应)”可知，卡特博士及其团队通过使用设备记录志愿者在不同场景下的握手、心率和皮肤反应来研究握手，本质是对参与者的观察。故选C项。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Strong,firmhandshakeswereoftenassociatedwithconfidenceandenthusiasm,whileweakerhandshakestendedtosignalnervousnessordiscomfort.Notably,longerhandshakeswithslightupwardmovementswerelinkedtoexcitement,whileshort,rigidonesreflectedtension.Thestudyalsoillustratedthatthetemperatureandmoisture(湿度)ofaperson’shandcouldreflecttheiremotionalstate.Warmer,slightlysweatyhandsweremorecommonwhenparticipantsfeltanxiousorstressed,whilecooler,dryhandswerelinkedtocalmness.(有力、坚定的握手通常与自信和热情相关，而无力的握手往往暗示紧张或不适。值得注意的是，时间较长且带有轻微向上动作的握手与兴奋有关，而短暂、僵硬的握手则反映出紧张。该研究还表明，一个人手的温度和湿度可以反映其情绪状态。当参与者感到焦虑或压力大时，手部温暖且略带潮湿的情况更为常见，而手部凉爽、干燥则与平静有关)”可知，后文详细阐述了研究得出的关于握手与情绪、性格关联的具体结论，这些结论是有启发意义、能揭示真相的，因此“illuminating”意为“揭示真相的、有启发作用的”，与“Revealing”含义相近。故选B项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Anewstudysuggeststhatthewaypeopleshakehandscouldunconsciouslycommunicateemotionsandpersonalitycharacteristics.(一项新研究表明，人们的握手方式可能会无意识地传递情绪和性格特质)”以及第五段中的“Forinstance,businessprofessionalscouldusehandshakeanalysistobetterunderstandtheirclients’emotionsduringnegotiations.Similarly,advisorsmightuseitasatooltounderstandaclient’semotionalstatewithoutrelyingonlyonverbalcommunication.(例如，商业人士可以利用握手分析在谈判中更好地理解客户的情绪。同样，顾问也可以将其作为一种工具，不单纯依赖语言交流就能了解客户的情绪状态)”可知，握手分析有助于解读人们隐藏的情绪。故选A项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However,Cartercautionsthathandshakesarejustonepieceofthepuzzle.“Humaninteractioniscomplex,andsomethingassimpleasahandshakecanspeakvolumes,”shesays.Asscientistscontinuetoexplorethemysteriesofnon-verbalcommunication,it’sclearthatnosinglegesturecantellthewholestory.(然而，卡特提醒道，握手只是其中的一部分。“人际互动很复杂，像握手这样简单的动作也能传递很多信息，”她说。随着科学家们继续探索非语言交流的奥秘，很明显，没有任何一个单一的手势能说明全部情况)”可知，卡特指出握手只是人际互动中的一个部分，没有单一手势能解释所有情况。由此推知，人际互动中一个手势无法说明一切。故选C项。DPlastichasbecomeanessentialpartofmodernlife,witharound1millionplasticwaterbottlessoldeveryminuteand5trillionplasticbagsusedworldwideeveryyear,accordingtotheUN’sEnvironmentProgram.Halfofallplasticproductionisdesignedforsingle-usepurposes,andtheannualoutputofover400milliontonsisprojectedtoreach1,100milliontonsby2050.Thisgrowingmountainofwastehasintensifiedpublicandregulatorydemandsforimprovedrecycling.Recyclingplastic,however,iscomplex.Manyitemsaredirtyormadefrommultiplelayers,makingtraditionalmethodsineffective.Consequently,over90%ofplasticwasteisburied,ordesertedinnature.Inresponse,forward-thinkingcompaniesareinvestinginadvancedrecyclingtechnologiestoturnwasteintorawmaterialsfornewplastic.Yet,thisapproachhascauseddebates.Onecommonmethod,pyrolysis,involvesheatingplasticwastetoproduceoilandsyntheticgas,whichpowersrecyclingplants.However,theprocessreleasesharmfulsubstances,raisingconcernsaboutitsenvironmentalimpact.Criticsarguethat,ratherthanachievingareductionincarbonemissions(排放),thismethodmightresultinsimilarorevenhigherlevelsofemissionscomparedtotheproductionofnewplastic.Someevenaccusetheindustryofusingadvancedrecyclingasawaytojustifycontinuedplasticproduction.America’sEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyhasrejectedthisapproach,andEuropeanenvironmentalgroupssharesimilarconcerns.Despitethesechallenges,advancedrecyclinghaspotential.Forinstance,MuraTechnologyintheUKclaimsitshydrothermalprocessproducesmoreoutputwithlowercarbonemissions,whileAustralia’sSamsaraEcoisdevelopingenzyme-basedmethodsthatremovetheneedfornewoil.Theseadvancementscouldmakerecyclingmoreefficientandenvironmentallyfriendly,helpingtokeepplasticinuseratherthaninlandfills(填埋场).Whilethedebatearoundadvancedrecyclingcontinues,progressisunderway.Britainrecentlyapprovedaversionofthemass-balanceapproach,andmanyEUmemberstatesareleaningtowardsacceptance.Withfurtherinnovationandinvestment,advancedrecyclingcouldplayavitalroleinaddressingtheglobalplasticwastecrisis.12.Whatdothefiguresinparagraph1indicate?A.Thedifficultyofrecycling. B.Theseverityofplasticwaste.C.Theprospectofplasticgoods. D.Thepopularityofplasticitems.13.Whydoesadvancedrecyclingmeetwithcriticism?A.Itlegalizesplasticproduction. B.Itproducesmoreplasticwaste.C.Itdoesharmtorecyclingplants. D.Itriskshighercarbonemissions.14.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheinnovationsinadvancedrecycling?A.Theyofferanalternativetonewoil.B.Theyhavewonpopularityinthewest.C.Theyholdpromiseforgreenrecycling.D.Theyguaranteeasolutiontoplasticwaste.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsadvancedrecycling?A.Critical. B.Objective. C.Doubtful. D.Supportive.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了塑料回收的现状、挑战、先进回收技术及其争议与发展前景。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Plastichasbecomeanessentialpartofmodernlife,witharound1millionplasticwaterbottlessoldeveryminuteand5trillionplasticbagsusedworldwideeveryyear,accordingtotheUN’sEnvironmentProgram.Halfofallplasticproductionisdesignedforsingle-usepurposes,andtheannualoutputofover400milliontonsisprojectedtoreach1,100milliontonsby2050.Thisgrowingmountainofwastehasintensifiedpublicandregulatorydemandsforimprovedrecycling.(据联合国环境规划署称，塑料已成为现代生活中不可或缺的一部分，全球每分钟售出约100万个塑料水瓶，每年使用5万亿个塑料袋。一半的塑料生产是为了一次性使用，年产量超过4亿吨，预计到2050年将达到11亿吨。这一不断增长的垃圾山加剧了公众和监管机构对改进回收利用的要求。)”可知，第一段中的数字表明了塑料垃圾的严重性。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Onecommonmethod,pyrolysis,involvesheatingplasticwastetoproduceoilandsyntheticgas,whichpowersrecyclingplants.However,theprocessreleasesharmfulsubstances,raisingconcernsaboutitsenvironmentalimpact.Criticsarguethat,ratherthanachievingareductionincarbonemissions(排放),thismethodmightresultinsimilarorevenhigherlevelsofemissionscomparedtotheproductionofnewplastic.Someevenaccusetheindustryofusingadvancedrecyclingasawaytojustifycontinuedplasticproduction.America’sEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyhasrejectedthisapproach,andEuropeanenvironmentalgroupssharesimilarconcerns.(热解是一种常见的回收方法，通过加热塑料垃圾生产石油和合成气，为回收工厂提供能源。但该过程会释放有害物质，引发对其环境影响的担忧。批评者认为，这种方法非但无法减少碳排放，反而可能产生与生产新塑料相当甚至更高的排放水平。一些人甚至指责塑料行业利用先进回收技术作为继续生产塑料的借口。美国环境保护局已否决了这种方法，欧洲环保组织也表达了类似担忧。)”可知，先进回收技术受到批评是因为它有可能导致更高的碳排放。故选D。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Despitethesechallenges,advancedrecyclinghaspotential.Forinstance,MuraTechnologyintheUKclaimsitshydrothermalprocessproducesmoreoutputwithlowercarbonemissions,whileAustralia’sSamsaraEcoisdevelopingenzyme-basedmethodsthatremovetheneedfornewoil.Theseadvancementscouldmakerecyclingmoreefficientandenvironmentallyfriendly,helpingtokeepplasticinuseratherthaninlandfills(填埋场).(尽管存在这些挑战，先进回收仍有潜力。例如，英国的MuraTechnology公司声称其水热工艺能以更低的碳排放产生更多的产出，而澳大利亚的SamsaraEco公司正在开发基于酶的方法，无需使用新油。这些进步可以使回收更加高效和环保，有助于保持塑料的使用，而不是填埋。)”可知，先进回收技术的创新为绿色回收带来了希望。故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whilethedebatearoundadvancedrecyclingcontinues,progressisunderway.Britainrecentlyapprovedaversionofthemass-balanceapproach,andmanyEUmemberstatesareleaningtowardsacceptance.Withfurtherinnovationandinvestment,advancedrecyclingcouldplayavitalroleinaddressingtheglobalplasticwastecrisis.(尽管围绕先进回收的争论仍在继续，但进展正在进行中。英国最近批准了一种质量平衡方法的版本，许多欧盟成员国也倾向于接受。随着进一步的创新和投资，先进回收可以在解决全球塑料垃圾危机方面发挥至关重要的作用。)”等内容可知，作者对先进回收持客观态度，既提到了其面临的挑战和争议，也指出了其潜力和进展。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。HaveyoueverheardoftheInternetofThings(IoT)?Itisatermthathasbeengainingattentioninrecentyears.____16____Simplyput,theIoTreferstoanetworkofphysicaldevicesconnectedtotheinternet,enablingthemtocollect,share,andactondata.Fromsmarthomeappliancestowearablefitnesstrackers,theIoTistransformingthewayweliveandwork.TheconceptofIoTisnotascomplexasitsounds.____17____Imagineyourrefrigeratorsendingyouanotification(通知)whenyou’rerunningoutofmilk,oryoursmartwatchremindingyoutostayactiveaftersittingtoolong.Thesedevicesmakeeverydaytaskseasierandmoreefficient.TheIoTreliesonsensors,software,andwirelessnetworkstocreatethissmoothconnection.____18____Itenhancesconvenience,savestime,andimprovesproductivity.Inindustries,IoTtechnologyistransformingprocesses.Forinstance,inagriculture,sensorscanmonitorsoilwaterlevelsandhelpfarmersadjustirrigation.Inhealthcare,wearabledevicescantrackpatients’vitalsignsandwarndoctorsaboutpotentialhealthissues.However,theIoTalsoraisesconcerns.Onemajorissueisdatasecurity.Asmoredevicescollectandsharepersonalinformation,theriskofdataexposureincreases.____19____Privacyisanotherchallenge,asusersmaynotalwaysknowhowtheirdataisbeingused.Theseissueshighlighttheneedforbettersecuritymeasures.TheInternetofThingsisshapingamoreconnectedandintelligentworld.Whileitoffersmanybenefits,italsocomeswithchallengesthatneedtobeaddressed.Astechnologycontinuestodevelop,theIoTwilllikelyplayanevengreaterroleinourlives.____20____A.Whatdoesittrulyreferto?B.WhatitemsmightbepartoftheIoT?C.ThebenefitsoftheIoTareundeniable.D.It’smorestraightforwardthanyouexpect.E.Usersoftensharedatafreelywithoutrealizingitsvalue.F.Sensitivedatacanbesubjecttomisusewithoutadequatesafeguards.G.Itisuptoustoacceptitspotentialwhileremainingmindfulofitsrisks.【答案】16.A17.D18.C19.F20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了物联网（IoT）的定义、应用、优势以及面临的挑战，并指出其在我们生活中的潜在作用。【16题详析】由上文“HaveyoueverheardoftheInternetofThings(IoT)?Itisatermthathasbeengainingattentioninrecentyears.(你听说过物联网（IoT）吗？这是一个近年来越来越受到关注的术语。)”和下文“TheconceptofIoTisnotascomplexasitsounds.(物联网的概念并不像听起来那么复杂。)”可知，空格处应提出与“物联网是什么”相关的疑问，以引出下文的解释。A选项“Whatdoesittrulyreferto?(它真正指的是什么？)”能承接上文，并自然地引出下文对物联网的解释，符合题意。故选A。【17题详析】由上文“TheconceptofIoTisnotascomplexasitsounds.(物联网的概念并不像听起来那么复杂。)”可知，本空应进一步说明物联网概念的简单性。D选项“It’smorestraightforwardthanyouexpect.(它比你想象的更简单。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。【18题详析】由下文“Itenhancesconvenience,savestime,andimprovesproductivity.Inindustries,IoTtechnologyistransformingprocesses.(它提高了便利性，节省了时间，提高了生产力。在工业领域，物联网技术正在改变流程。)”可知，本空应概括物联网的优势。C选项“ThebenefitsoftheIoTareundeniable.(物联网的优势是不可否认的。)”能概括下文内容，符合题意。故选C。【19题详析】由上文“Onemajorissueisdatasecurity.Asmoredevicescollectandsharepersonalinformation,theriskofdataexposureincreases.(一个主要问题是数据安全。随着越来越多的设备收集和共享个人信息，数据泄露的风险也在增加。)”可知，本空应进一步说明数据安全问题的严重性。F选项“Sensitivedatacanbesubjecttomisusewithoutadequatesafeguards.(如果没有足够的安全措施，敏感数据可能会被滥用。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。【20题详析】由上文“Astechnologycontinuestodevelop,theIoTwilllikelyplayanevengreaterroleinourlives.(随着技术的不断发展，物联网可能会在我们的生活中发挥更大的作用。)”可知，本空应总结全文，并指出我们对物联网应有的态度。G选项“Itisuptoustoacceptitspotentialwhileremainingmindfulofitsrisks.(我们应该接受它的潜力，同时注意它的风险。)”能够很好地总结全文，符合题意。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。IjoinedateamworkingonaprojecttopromoteorganicfarmingmethodsinruralIndia.The____21____wastoinstructfarmerstogrowcropssustainablywhilepreservingthehealthoftheirsoil.SpendingamonthwithfarmersreshapedthewayI____22____theworld.Sincewestayedinremotevillages,wehadtolivewithminimal____23____.Ourdailymeals____24____breadandbeans,andbreakfastwasoftenjustleftoversfromthenightbefore.Onrareoccasions,we____25____smallvillagemarketswherewecouldbuyfreshfruitsorflavorings.Icanstill____26____oneparticularmorningwhenwemadeasimplemangosaucetogowithourbread.Itwassuchasmalltreat,butitfeltlikealuxury,andIwasamazedathowmuch____27____itbroughttoeveryone.Thefarmers’liveswerefarfrom____28____.Isawhowunpredictableweathercould____29____monthsofhardworkinasingleday.Oneafternoon,asuddenstormdamagedmanycrops,leavingthefarmers______30______.Despitethehardships,theynevergaveup,______31______oneanotherandfindingwaystorebuild.Yetwhat______32______memostwashoweasilytheystillsmiledandjokedtogetheraftereverymisfortune.Thismonth-long______33______hadalastingimpressiononme.______34______liesnotinmaterialwealthbutin______35______smallblessings—asharedmeal,akindword,ormerelythechancetostartagainafterasetback.21.A.intention B.reason C.solution D.trend22.A.viewed B.traveled C.judged D.pictured23.A.efforts B.essentials C.changes D.preparations24.A.differedfrom B.calledfor C.pairedwith D.consistedof25.A.passed B.visited C.chose D.discovered26.A.expect B.spend C.recall D.miss27.A.joy B.hope C.value D.reward28.A.easy B.normal C.simple D.safe29.A.transform B.challenge C.interrupt D.ruin30.A.impatient B.confused C.desperate D.nervous31.A.forgiving B.supporting C.respecting D.knowing32.A.concerned B.struck C.puzzled D.excited33.A.vacation B.research C.schedule D.experience34.A.Value B.Success C.Gratitude D.Happiness35.A.admitting B.witnessing C.appreciating D.receiving【答案】21.A22.A23.B24.D25.B26.C27.A28.A29.D30.C31.B32.B33.D34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者加入一个在印度农村推广有机农业方法的团队，通过与农民共同生活一个月的经历，深刻改变了对世界的看法。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其目的是指导农民在保持土壤健康的同时可持续地种植作物。A.intention意图；B.reason原因；C.solution解决方案；D.trend趋势。根据前文“IjoinedateamworkingonaprojecttopromoteorganicfarmingmethodsinruralIndia.(我加入了一个团队，致力于在印度农村推广有机农业方法的项目。)”和后文“toinstructfarmerstogrowcropssustainablywhilepreservingthehealthoftheirsoil”可知，这个项目的目的是指导农民可持续地种植作物，同时保持土壤的健康。故选A。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：和农民在一起的一个月改变了我对世界的看法。A.viewed看待；B.traveled旅行；C.judged判断；D.pictured想象。根据后文描述作者在农村的经历和感悟，可知这一个月与农民相处的时间改变了作者看待世界的方式。故选A。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于我们住在偏远的村庄，我们只能靠最基本的必需品生活。A.efforts努力；B.essentials必需品；C.changes变化；D.preparations准备。根据前文“Sincewestayedinremotevillages”可知住在偏远的村庄，所以过着只有最低限度必需品的生活。故选B。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们每天的三餐都是面包和豆子，早餐通常是前一天晚上的剩菜。A.differedfrom不同于；B.calledfor需要；C.pairedwith与……搭配；D.consistedof包含。根据后文“breadandbeans”可知，这里描述的是日常饮食的组成。故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：偶尔，我们会去村里的小市场，在那里我们可以买到新鲜的水果或调味品。A.passed经过；B.visited参观；C.chose选择；D.discovered发现。根据后文“smallvillagemarketswherewecouldbuyfreshfruitsorflavorings”可知是去小市场买东西，visit“参观，拜访”符合句意，故选B。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仍然记得一个特别的早晨，我们做了一种简单的芒果酱来配面包。A.expect期盼；B.spend花费；C.recall回忆，想起；D.miss思念。根据后文“oneparticularmorningwhenwemadeasimplemangosaucetogowithourbread”可知这是作者回忆中的一个场景，结合“still”可知应是记忆深刻的一个早晨，故选C。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个小小的款待，但感觉像是一种奢侈品，我很惊讶它给每个人带来了多少快乐。A.joy快乐；B.hope希望；C.value价值；D.reward奖励。根据前文“Itwassuchasmalltreat,butitfeltlikealuxury”可知一个小小的款待却像奢侈品，可推断给每个人带来了快乐，故选A。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：农民们的生活很不容易。A.easy容易的；B.normal正常的；C.simple简单的；D.safe安全的。根据后文“Oneafternoon,asuddenstormdamagedmanycrops”可知庄稼被暴风雨损坏，说明农民们的生活很不容易，故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到变幻莫测的天气如何能在一天之内毁掉几个月的辛苦工作。A.transform转变；B.challenge挑战；C.interrupt打断；D.ruin毁掉。根据前文“unpredictableweather”变幻莫测的天气和后文“Oneafternoon,asuddenstormdamagedmanycrops”庄稼被暴风雨损坏，可推断变幻莫测的天气能在一天之内毁掉几个月的辛苦工作，故选D。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，一场突如其来的暴风雨毁坏了许多庄稼，农民们绝望了。A.impatient不耐烦的；B.confused困惑的；C.desperate绝望的；D.nervous紧张的。根据后文“Oneafternoon,asuddenstormdamagedmanycrops”可知很多庄稼被暴风雨损坏，所以推测农民们是绝望的，故选C。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管困难重重，他们从未放弃，互相支持，寻找重建的方法。A.forgiving原谅；B.supporting支持；C.respecting尊重；D.knowing知道。根据前文“Despitethehardships,theynevergaveup”可知是转折关系，所以尽管困难重重，他们也互相支持寻找重建的方法，故选B。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，最令我印象深刻的是，在每次遭遇不幸之后，他们仍然能轻松地笑着开玩笑。A.concerned使担心；B.struck打动，使印象深刻；C.puzzled使困惑；D.excited使激动。根据后文“howeasilytheystillsmiledandjokedtogetheraftereverymisfortune”可知这是令人印象深刻的事情，另外“whatstruckmemost”是一个固定搭配，意思是“最让我印象深刻的是”，故选B。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一个月的经历给我留下了深刻的印象。A.vacation假期；B.research研究；C.schedule日程表；D.experience经历。根据文章开头“SpendingamonthwithfarmersreshapedthewayI________theworld.”可知是和农民们相处的一个月经历，故选D。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸福不在于物质财富，而在于感激微小的祝福——一顿共享的晚餐，一句友善的话语，或者仅仅是挫折后重新开始的机会。A.Value价值；B.Success成功；