广东省深圳市燕川中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中英语试题（含答案）

第第页广东省深圳市新安中学（集团）燕川中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中英语试题一、第一部分语言知识（每小题1分，满分25分）1．Your________asastudentwillbeexcellentifyoudevelopahabitofreviewingwhatyouhavelearnt.A．operation B．performance C．growth D．character2．Seniorhighschoolstudentsshould________theirpreciousschooltimesothattheymayhavetheopportunitytoenteratopuniversity.A．keepanopenmindabout B．holdtheirheadsupatC．makethemostof D．leaveanimpressionon3．Kate________hergrandfatherbecauseheseemstoknoweverything.A．impacts B．admires C．hates D．encourages4．Itisnormalforstudentstofeel________beforetheexaminationeventhoughtheyhavepreparedwell.A．anxious B．confident C．intelligent D．responsible5．—Theseproblemsaretoohardto________.Willyougivemesomeadvice?—Therearemanyways.Themostimportantistohaveacarefulplan.A．workout B．lookout C．handout D．breakout6．JaneandTomaregoodfriends.Sheisgivinghimpianolessons__________hishelpwithherEnglish.A．infavorof B．inexchangeforC．inhonorof D．inplaceof7．Althoughtechnologyhaschangedthewaywe_____friends,themeaningoffriendshipandourlongingforfriendsremainthesame.A．type B．ignore C．acquire D．postpone8．Whenwetalkaboutbanningmobilephonesinschool,weshouldalsolookatthegoodside.Inaword,weshouldnot________.A．killtwobirdswithonestoneB．throwthebabyoutwiththebathwaterC．bravetheelementsD．havebutterfliesinourstomach9．Shecarefullypreparedfortheinterviewbecauseshewantedtomakeagood________ontheemployer.A．influence B．pressure C．impression D．description10．Mosthighschoolsholdasportsmeetingonceayear,which________takesadayortwo,dependingonthesize.A．enormously B．bitterly C．significantly D．typically11．Thewebsiteis________twiceadaytokeepupwiththecurrentaffairs.A．detailed B．updated C．illustrated D．contacted12．________hishardwork,hefailedtocompletehisworkontime.A．Inspite B．Regardless C．Although D．Despite13．Growingvegetableslookseasy,but________ittakesalotoflearning.A．mainly B．directly C．actually D．immediately14．TheChinesepeople________thespringfestivalwithawiderangeofevents.A．spend B．observe C．present D．appreciate15．—________thatcompanytoseehowtheythinkofourproductyesterday?—Yes.Theyarehappywithit.A．Didyoucall B．HaveyoucalledC．Willyoucall D．Wereyoucalling16．Thefirstthing_______IwilldoistobuyagiftformymumonMother'sDay.A．who B．that C．what D．whose17．ThetrainthatMrSmithwilltake________at8:30and________at8:45.A．toarrive,leave B．arrives,leavesC．willarrive,leave D．isarriving,leaving18．Mark______homefromschool_______henoticedagirlfelloffherbikesuddenly.A．walked;while B．waswalking;beforeC．waswalking;when D．walked;since19．Eversinceshestartedpracticingyogaeverymorning,she______asignificantimprovementinherflexibility.A．noticed B．hasnoticed C．hadnoticed D．wouldnotice20．He________inaminute.IwillcallyouassoonasI________him.A．isarriving;meet B．istoarrive;ammeetingC．isgoingtoarrive;amtomeet D．isabouttoarrive;willmeet21．—Annisinhospital.—Oh,really?I________know.I________goandvisither.A．didn't;amgoingto B．don't;wouldC．don't;will D．didn't;will22．Thephotoalbumremindedmeofthethingsandpeople______hadleftadeepimpressiononmewhenIwasinJuniorHighSchool.A．which B．who C．whom D．that23．It________threeyearssinceI________himinShenzhenandnowwetotallylosetrackofeachother.A．hasbeen,hasmet B．is,hasmetC．was,met D．hasbeen,met24．YuanLongpingisoneofthemostfamousChinesescientists_______nameisknownallovertheworld.A．whose B．that C．where D．whom25．WhenIwasatcollegeI______threeforeignlanguages,butI______allexceptforafewwordsofeach.A．spoke;hadforgotten B．hadspoken;hadforgottenC．spoke;haveforgotten D．hadspoken;haveforgotten二、阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A​​​​​​​TalylynDriverExperiencesareEXCLUSIVE—thewholetripisyours!Youblowthewhistle,releasethebrakesandopentheregulator,ahissofsteamandthetrainstartstomove—thestartofthejourneyandthestartofanexperienceofalifetime.DriverExperience:£600DriverExperienceOverview:Thesmallsizeofournarrowgaugelocos(火车头)meansthatonlyonevisitorcanbeonthelocoatatime,soourDriverExperiencetrainsreallyareEXCLUSIVE—thewholetripisyours,onlycarryingyourguests.Duringthebreaksitwillbepossibletodiscussthehistoryoftheline,itsoperationandiscontinueddevelopment—thequestionsareyourstoask.DriverExperienceBookingInformation:Thecostofupto3guestsaccompanyingthedrivertravellingonthetrainisincludedinthepackage.Anyfurtherguests(uptoamaximumof15)mayenjoythetripatapriceof£10each.Astherailwayisoperatedbyvolunteers,pleasegiveusatleast4weeks'noticeofyourpreferreddatetoensurethatwehaveavolunteercrewavailablefortheevent.OtherRequirements:AsimpleMedicalQuestionnairewillneedtobesatisfactorilycompleted.Goodevesight(withglassesifrequired)andhearingareobviouslyimportant,asistheabilitytoclimbintoandoutofthecab.WeregretthattheseExperiencesarenotsuitablefordisabledpersons.Ifyouareinterestedandwouldlikefurtherinformation,pleaseclickheretocontactusoremailde@talyllyn.co.uk.26．WhatfeatureisincludedinTalyllynDriverExperience?A．Tailoredactivitiesfordisabledvisitors.B．Lecturesonthedevelopmentoftheline.C．Arangeoftrainsizesforparticipants.D．Ahands-ontraindrivingopportunity.27．Whatistheminimumcostfor18guestsandadrivertoenjoyaDriverExperiencetrip?A．£600. B．£710. C．£750. D．£780.28．WhichisarequirementforthosegoingfortheExperience?A．Volunteeringtodrive.B．Makingareservationbeforehand.C．Takingaphysicalcheck.D．Learningthehistoryofthetrainline.三、BClassisinsession,andOliviaMunn's22-month-oldsonMalcolmisastarstudent!ThemothersharedanewvideoofherselfteachinghersonMandarin(普通话)beforebed,andhenailedit!"Chineselessons,"shewroteoveravideoofherandMalcolmreadingabookbeforebed.Malcolmstoodnexttohismomtoreadthebookwithher.AsMunnsaidtheMandarinword,thebabyrepeateditbackinthecutestlittlevoice,followedbyasmileandahugforhismama.Youcanevenhearsomeonesay"Aww!"inthebackground,whichwaslikelyMalcolm'sdadJohnMulaney.Malcolmseemedsoproudofhimself,andhewassocute!Inhercaption(字幕),MunnexplainedthatthebookwasagiftfromcomedianAliWong."Thankyou@aliwongforourFirst100MandarinWordsbook!Malcolmlovesit!"shesaid.Thisvideowentviral.ActressMelanieLynskeycommented,"Thelove!!"WhitneyCummingscommented,"Myheart.""Growingupmultilingual(多语种的)isamagicalgift,"onepersonsaid,"I'llalwaysbegratefulformymotherinsistingonspeakingArabictous&givinguslessons."Anotherpersoncommented,"Ilovethisfamilysomuchandit'sdefinitelythecutestfamilyI'veeverseen."ThemotheroftenintroducesMalcolmtopartsofhisAsianroot.TheymakenoodlesfortheLunarNewYear,andshe'stakenhimshoppingatanAsianmarketcalledHMart.Nowhe'slearninghowtospeakMandarin,andit'ssoadorable.Inherlatestvideo,MunnisreadingMyFirstMandarinWordswithGordon&LiLi,writtenbyMicheleWong.TheofficialGordonandLiLiaccountcommented,"Thisisthesweetest!We'resohappyyourlittleguyishavingFUNlearningMandarinwithGordon&LiLi!Bigthanksto@aliwongforsharingtheMandarinlove!"29．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"nailedit"probablymean?A．Gotarichreward. B．Hitthenailhard.C．Messedthingsup. D．Didafantasticjob.30．Thesecondparagraphmainlytellsus________.A．abedtimestory B．aninteractivesceneC．anamusingdad D．areadingcompetition31．Whatcanwelearnaboutthevideofromparagraph4?A．Itiswellreceived.B．Itisfullofimagination.C．Itchangesthewayofparenting.D．Itinspirespeopletolearnlanguage.32．WhyisMalcolmexposedtoAsianculture?A．Tolearnhowtoshop. B．Togettoknowhisorigin.C．ToprepareforanAsiantrip. D．Todevelophisindependence.四、CIntheworldofinsects,fewareasinterestingorasmisunderstoodascicadas(蝉).Knownfortheirdeafeningsongsandlonglifecycles,cicadashaveattractedpeopleforcenturies.Somespecies,knownasperiodicalcicadas,spend13or17yearsunder-groundasnymphs(蛹),feedingontreerootsandslowlygrowing.Afterthisyoungperiod,theycomeupfromthegroundinlargenumbers,changeintotheiradultform,mate,layeggs,andthendie,allwithinafewweeks.However,thisperiodicityisnotpresentinallcicadaspecies.Annualcicadas,whicharemorecommonandwidespread,havelifecyclesthatlast2to5years.Thesecicadasappeareveryyearbecausetheirlifecyclesarecrossed,creatingtheimpressionthattheyareyearly.Duringtheirgrowth,cicadanymphscreateairpassagesinthesoilandcontributetonutrientcycling(养分循环)byfeedingonwaterfromtreesandproducingrichnutrients.Theirmasspresenceprovidesasignificantfoodsourceforawiderangeofenemies,andthesuddendeathofadultcicadaspassesnutrientstothesoil,supportingplantgrowth.Ontheotherhand,cicadas'feedingontreerootsduringtheirnymphstagecanleadtogreatdamagetoyoungtrees,andtheadultscanalsocauseobviousthoughusuallyshort-term,damagetoplants.Somepeopleseecicadasasathingannoyingwhileothersseethemasawonderofnature.Despitetheiralarmingappearanceandnumber,cicadasareharmlesstohumans.Infact,cicadashaveappearedinliteraturearoundtheworldassymbolsofrebirth,thankstotheirlonglifeanddramaticappearancefromtheground.Insomecultures,cicadasareevencollectedaspetsorfood,valuedfortheirnutritionalcontent.Nowadays,scientistsarestilllearningaboutcicadas'behaviorandtheexactenvironmentalelementsthatresultintheirpresence.Climatechangebringsnewquestionsandthreats,aschangingtemperaturesmayaffectcicadalifecyclesandlivingplaces.Cicadasreallyhavemuchtoteachusabouttheamazingexistenceoflife.33．Whatdoweknowaboutperiodicalcicadas?A．Theymatewiththesamecicadaspecies.B．Theyhavearelativelylongnymphlife.C．Theyhardlyeatduringthenymphperiod.D．Theystruggletochangeintotheadultform.34．Whatispeople'smisunderstandingofannualcicadas?A．Theyhavealargepopulation. B．Theyeatasingletypeoffood.C．Theyhaveaone-yearlifecycle. D．Theyleaveoutkeylifestages.35．Howcanwebestdescribecicadas'influenceonthenaturalenvironment?A．Long-lasting B．Unnoticeable. C．Limited. D．Two-sided.36．Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytalkabout?A．Cicadas'importancetonature.B．Cicadas'connectionwithhumans.C．Humans'worriesovercicadas.D．Humans'interestininsectbehavior.五、DYouarewhatyoueatandwhatyoueatmaybeencodedinyourDNA.Studieshaveindicatedthatyourgenesplayaroleindeterminingthefoodsyoufinddeliciousordisgusting.Butexactlyhowbigaroletheyplayhasbeendifficulttofigureout."Everythinghasageneticcomponentevenifit'ssmall,"saysJoanneCole,ageneticistattheUniversityofColoradoSchoolofMedicine."Weknowthatthereissomegeneticcontributiontowhyweeatthefoodsweeat.Canwetakethenextstepandactuallylocatetheregionsinthegenome(基因)?"NewresearchledbyColehasgottenastepcloser.Throughalarge-scalegenomicsanalysis,herteamhasidentified481genomeregionsthatweredirectlylinkedtodietarypatternsandfoodpreferences.Thefindings,whichhavenotyetbeenpeer-reviewed,werepresentedlastmonthattheAmericanSocietyforNutrition'sannualconference.Theteambasedthenewstudyona2020NatureCommunicationsstudybyColeandhercolleaguesthatuseddatafromtheU.K.Biobank,apublicdatabaseofthegeneticandhealthinformationof500,000participants.Byscanninggenomes,thenewanalysiswasabletoidentify194regionsassociatedwithdietarypatternsand287linkedtospecificfoodssuchasfruit,cheese,fish,teaandalcohol.Furtherunderstandinghowgeneticsimpacthowweeatcouldrevealdifferencesinnutritionalneedsordiseaserisks."Oneoftheproblemswithalotofthesegenomicsstudiesisthatthey'reverysmall.Theydon'thaveenoughpeopletoreallybeabletoidentifygenesinwaysthatarecredible.Thisstudyhadahugegroupofpeople,soit'sreallypowerful."saysMonicaDus,ageneticistattheUniversityofMichigan."TheotherthingthatIthoughtwasreallygreatisthattherearesomanydifferentfeaturesthatthey'remeasuringrelatedtodietincludingcholesterol(胆固醇),thebodyandsocioeconomicbackgrounds."Astheresearchadvances,Dussays,suchgenomeanalysiscouldpotentiallyassisthealthcareprovidersandevenpolicymakerstoaddresslargerissuesthataffectfoodaccessandhealth.It'sdefinitelytruethatitmaycontributetomakingsuretherearen'tfooddeserts-areaswhichhavelimitedaccesstofresh,healthyandaffordablefoodortomakingsurethatthere'sahigherminimumwagesothateveryonecanaffordtoeat,althoughthejourneyaheadremainslengthyandchallenging.37．Howdidresearchersconductthepresentstudy?A．Byinvolvingasubstantialnumberofparticipants.B．Bybuildingonapreviousstudywithalarge-scaledata.C．Bydirectlyanalyzingthedatafromapublicdatabase.D．Byidentifyinggenomeregionsassociatedwithdietarypatterns.38．WhichstatementwillMonicaDusprobablyagreewith?A．Powerfulparticipantswereinvolvedinthecurrentstudy.B．Themethodsemployedforthepreviousstudieswerecredible.C．Thegenomeanalyseshavehelpedaddresslargersocialissues.D．Variousfeatureslinkedtodietwereconsideredinthepresentstudy.39．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Theidentificationofdiet-relatedgenomeregions.B．Thecontributionofgenestodietpatternsandfoodpreferences.C．Thebenefitsoflatestlarge-scalediet-relatedgenomeanalyses.D．Thesignificanceofanewlypublisheddiet-relatedgenomediscovery.40．Whichonemightthepassagecomefrom?A．Food&Delights B．ScientificAmericanC．MedicineWorld D．TheWallStreetJournal六、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Herearethedon'tsanddo'sofshowingyoursupportforyourfriendswhenthey'rehavingahardtime.41．Therearetwoproblematickindsofhelpers:enthusiastsandfretters.Enthusiaststendtopushtheiradvice—toinsistonfixingorovercomingtheproblem.Frettersaresoworriedabouttheirfriend'schallengesthattheyareconstantlyconcernedaboutwhethertheyaredoingenoughtohelp.Trytokeepthosebehaviorsincheck.Nooneshouldhavetomanageyouwhenthey'regoingthroughatragedy.Don'tminimizethepainandstayawayfromstatistics.Forexample,ifafriendfailedthecollegeexam,don'ttellhimthat70%ofstudentsendinfailure.Rememberthatitdoesn'tmeanlesspainjustbecauseithappenstoalotofpeople.42．Keepthefocusonyourfriends.Whenyourfriendsaretalkingtoyou,it'seasyforyoutoshareasimilarstoryinefforttorelateandconnect.43．Theymightfeelthatyou'vemadetheirpainaboutyou.Ifyoudofeelthatyourexperiencemightbehelpfultothem,letthemknowthatyouwentthroughsomethingsimilarbutallowthemtodecideiftheywanttohearaboutitatthemoment.Showingupisn'taone-timethingRememberthatgrief(悲伤)issocomplexandyourfriendsmightgothroughseveralstagesofsorrow.44．Itmeansalotifyourfriendsknowthatyouarethinkingaboutthemallthetime.Askyourfriendshowyoucanbesthelp.45．Justask.A.Don'tletthemstayalone.B.Butit'snotalwayswelcome.C.Trynottobeover-enthusiasticorover-worried.D.Keepintouchwiththemandseeiftheyneedyoursupport.E.Shareitwiththemimmediatelytoshowthemtheyarenotalone.F.Youdon'tneedtoautomaticallyknowwhatkindofhelptheywant.G.Instead,feelwithyourfriendthebignessofwhatthey'regoingthrough.七、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Afterawholeday'sfootballpracticewithherthreekids,BrittanyfeltwornoutanddecidedtograbdinnerfromMcDonald's.WyattwasateenagerworkingatMcDonald'swhotookBrittany's46．.AsBrittanypulleduptothedrive-throughwindowto47．,her4-year-oldsonbegancryingandtheothertwosoon48．,almostdrivingBrittanymad.Andthatwaswhenit49．Brittanythatshe'dleftherpurseathome."Iwantedtocry,"Brittanyrecalled."Ilookedattheyoungmanwith50．eyesandsaid,‘I'msosorrybutIhaveto51．theorder.'"52．,Wyattpulledouthiswallet,swiped(刷)hiscardandpaidforthe53．mom'smeal.Wyattprobablycouldn'tmakemuchmoneyfromhisjob.Yet,hefirmly54．Brittany'spromisestopayhimbacklater,55．sayingthatitwasnobigdeal.Brittanywassogratefulthatshewasdeterminedto56．Wyatt'skindnessinabigway!ShediscoveredthatWyattwassavingupforavehicle,soshesharedthestoryonsocialmediaandstarteda57．campaigntohelphimrealizehisdream.Strangersfromalloverthecountrywereinspiredbytheyoungmanand58．pouredin.Beforelong,Brittanycollectedover$40,000!Shewasshocked."Ihonestlydidn'texpectsuchanincredible59．!Wyattwillnowhaveenoughmoneytobuyacarandevenstartsavingforcollege.Sowhenyouput60．outintheworld,itcomesbacktoyoumorethanyouexpect."46．A．opportunity B．order C．position D．advice47．A．pay B．rest C．eat D．explain48．A．stoodout B．brokedown C．cooleddown D．joinedin49．A．hit B．attacked C．reminded D．touched50．A．curious B．cold C．tearful D．sharp51．A．place B．cancel C．refuse D．change52．A．Deepdown B．OutofrespectC．Withouthesitation D．Byaccident53．A．responsible B．relieved C．elegant D．stressed54．A．declined B．accepted C．considered D．appreciated55．A．proudly B．humbly C．impatiently D．vividly56．A．deserve B．express C．reward D．spread57．A．brain-washing B．energy-consumingC．time-saving D．fund-raising58．A．letters B．supplies C．donations D．complaints59．A．experience B．response C．arrangement D．behavior60．A．good B．hope C．honesty D．passion八、第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Videosof77-year-oldXuXiuzhen,61．speaksdifferentlanguageswithforeignerswhileworkingatascenicspotsellingwater,postcardsandheaddressflowers,havebroughtherinstantfame.Xu'svillage62．(locate)atthebaseofMoonHill,apopulartouristdestinationinYangsuo,Guangxi,whichisfamedforamoon-shapedholeatthesummit.Shehasbeenworkingas63．tourguideandvendorinYangshuo,acountyandresortandtowninGuangxi.Xu,whodroppedoutofjuniorschoolinthethirdgrade,begantolearndifferentlanguagestoattractmoreforeigncustomers.XusaidshewouldchangewordsinanylanguageintoChinesecharacters64．(base)ontheirpronunciationandthenmemorizethem.Repeatingtheminherheadbeforegoingtobedand65．(immediate)afterwakinguphasgivenherfluencyinbasicconversationswithforeigners.Overthepasttwodecades,Xu66．(teach)herself11foreignlanguages,includingEnglish,Spanish,JapaneseandKorean.Inadditionto67．(make)herincrediblypopular,herlinguisticprowesshasmadeiteasierforhertocommunicatewithforeigntourists.Xuhasalsobecomeoneofthebusiesttour68．(guide)inYangsuo.Herreputationdrawsalargecrowdoftouristseveryday,especiallyforeignvisitors,whocometomeetthemultilingualguideoutof69．(admire)."MoreandmoreforeigntouristsarecomingtoYangsuo,andIhopetheywillfeel70．homeherewithmyhelp,"shesaid.九、第四部分写作（满分25分）71．假如你是高一学生李华，上周你校举行了运动会。你(图片主角)参加了800米赛跑，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记录你参赛的过程。注意：1.内容连贯，可以适当添加细节；2.词数：120词左右（开头已给出，不计入单词总数）。Lastweek,theyearlysportsmeetwasheldinourschool.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案解析部分1．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：如果你养成复习所学知识的习惯，你作为学生的表现将会很出色。A.operation手术；B.performance表现；C.growth成长；D.character性格。根据句意可知，此处为名词performance"表现"作主语，满足句意要求。故选B。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：要仔细阅读题目，理解题干的意思。确定题目是在询问某个特定场景或语境下应该使用哪个名词。仔细分析每个选项的词义，确保对每个名词的含义有准确的理解。注意区分近义词之间的细微差别。确保所选名词与题目要求的词性相符。2．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：高中生应该充分利用他们宝贵的学习时间，这样他们就有机会进入顶尖大学。A.keepanopenmindabout保持开放的心态；B.holdtheirheadsupat仰着头；C.makethemostof充分利用；D.leaveanimpressionon给……留下印象。根据句中"…theirpreciousschooltimesothattheymayhavetheopportunitytoenteratopuniversity."可知，此处应为动词短语.makethemostof"充分利用"，满足句意要求。故选C。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意：在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的语境和含义，根据句子的逻辑关系和语境，判断哪个动词短语更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项，可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项，缩小选择范围，将各个选项进行对比分析，找出它们之间的异同点，从而确定正确答案。3．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：凯特钦佩她的祖父，因为他似乎无所不知。A.impacts影响；B.admires钦佩，仰慕；C.hates憎恨；D.encourages鼓励。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据"becauseheseemstoknoweverything"可知，此处应表示"钦佩，仰慕"应为admire。故选B。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：动词辨析题要求考生从提供的选项中选择最合适的动词填入句子中，使句子意思通顺、语法正确。解题时，首先要仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和语境。然后，逐一分析选项，注意动词的时态、语态、语气以及搭配等。最后，选出最符合语境和语法的动词。4．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：尽管学生们准备得很好，但在考试前感到焦虑是正常的。A.anxious焦虑的；B.confident自信的；C.intelligent聪明的；D.responsible负责的。根据后文"beforetheexamination"可知，此处指在考试前感到焦虑。故选A。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：结合上下文，理解句子语境，把握形容词在其中的具体含义和用法。注意形容词与其他词汇之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。注意情感色彩，形容词往往带有一定的情感色彩，如褒义、贬义或中性。在解题时，要注意形容词所表达的情感色彩是否与句子或段落的整体氛围相符。5．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：——这些问题太难了，解不出来。你能给我一些建议吗？——有很多方法。最重要的是要有一个周密的计划。A.workout解决，弄明白；B.lookout向往看，当心；C.handout分发；D.breakout爆发。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语workout"解决，弄明白"，满足句意要求。故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意：一、理解动词短语的特点。动词短语是由动词加介词或副词构成的固定搭配，其意义往往不能从单个词汇直接推断。常见的动词短语结构包括：动词+介词；动词+副词；动词+副词+介词。二、解题核心策略。1.整体记忆法。将动词短语视为一个整体记忆，重点关注：核心动词的意义延伸；搭配介词/副词的固定性；短语的及物/不及物属性；2.语境分析法。通过句子语境判断最符合逻辑的短语：分析主语与宾语的关系；把握句子隐含的时间、因果等逻辑；注意肯定/否定等语气差异。6．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：简和汤姆是好朋友。她教他钢琴，作为交换，他帮助她学英语。A.infavorof支持；B.inexchangefor作为交换；C.inhonorof为纪念；D.inplaceof代替。分析句意可知，两人相互帮助学习新知识，B项"作为交换"符合题意。故选B。【点评】考查介词短语辨析。注意：明确每个介词短语的基本含义和常见用法，仔细阅读题干和选项，根据语境和常识进行判断。有些介词在含义和用法上非常接近，但仍有细微差别。在解答选择题时，要注意这些细微差别，避免混淆。7．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：虽然科技改变了我们获得朋友的方式，但友谊的意义以及我们对朋友的渴望是不变。A.type打字；B.ignore忽视；C.acquire获得；D.postpone延迟。分析句子可知，科技进步是改变了我们交朋友的方式。故选C。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和所处的语境。注意句子中的连词、副词等词语，它们往往能揭示动词之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。题干中可能包含一些关键词或提示，这些关键词或提示往往能暗示动词的选择。8．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：当我们谈论禁止在学校使用手机时，我们也应该看到好的一面。总之，我们不能不分精华糟粕全盘否定。A.killtwobirdswithonestone一箭双雕；B.throwthebabyoutwiththebathwater分精华糟粕全盘否定；C.bravetheelements不畏严寒；D.havebutterfliesinourstomach心里感到紧张。根据该句"Whenwetalkaboutbanningmobilephonesinschool,weshouldalsolookatthegoodside."可知，对于学生使用手机，不能全盘否定，因此空处意为"不分精华糟粕全盘否定"。故选B。【点评】考查习语辨析。注意：理解习语的基本特点。固定搭配，习语通常是固定词组，不能随意替换其中的单词。整体意义，习语的意义往往不等于各单词意义的简单相加；文化背景，许多习语来源于历史典故或文化传统。常见解题方法。1.上下文推断法：通过句子前后语境推测习语含义，注意句子表达的情感色彩（积极/消极）；2.关键词匹配法：记忆常见动词与介词的固定搭配，注意名词与介词的搭配；3.排除法：先排除明显不符合语法或逻辑的选项，再排除与上下文不符的选项。9．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：她为面试做了仔细的准备，因为她想给雇主留下好印象。A.influence影响；B.pressure压力；C.impression印象；D.description描述。根据上文"Shecarefullypreparedfortheinterview"可知，仔细准备是为了留下好印象。故选C。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：分析名词与题干中其他词语的搭配关系，确保所选名词与题干中的动词、形容词或介词等词语能够合理搭配。将每个选项代入题干中，结合语境进行推理判断。考虑语境中的时间、地点、人物关系等因素，选择最符合语境的名词。10．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：大多数高中每年举行一次运动会，通常需要一两天的时间，这取决于学校的规模。A.enormously非常；B.bitterly愤怒地；C.significantly显著地；D.typically通常。根据"takesadayortwo,dependingonthesize"可知，此处是指通常需要一两天的时间。故选D。【点评】考查副词辨析。注意：在选择题中，经常会遇到多个副词选项，需要考生根据句子的语境和逻辑关系进行辨析，此时，要注意区分不同副词在意义、用法和语境上的差异。在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的整体语境和逻辑关系，通过语境推断出副词在句子中的正确位置和作用。特别注意句子中的关键词、标点符号和上下文联系，这些信息往往能帮助考生准确判断副词的用法和意义。11．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：这个网站每天更新两次，以紧跟时事。A.detailed详细说明；B.updated更新；C.illustrated说明；D.contacted联系。根据句意可知，此处为动词updated"更新"，满足句意要求。故选B。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：分析句子结构，理解句子的整体结构，明确主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，有助于判断所需动词的类型和形式。仔细阅读题干，捕捉关键词汇和短语，理解句子的语境和含义。有时，上下文中的时间、地点、人物等细节信息会提供解题的线索。12．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：尽管他工作很努力，他还是没能按时完成工作。A.Inspite尽管（一般用Inspiteof形式）；B.Regardless不管，不顾（副词）；C.Although尽管（连词）；D.Despite尽管（介词）。根据"hishardwork"可知，名词短语前用介词despite。故选D。【点评】考查连词以及介词辨析。注意：句子上下文是判断连词正确性的重要依据。考生需要仔细阅读句子，理解句子之间的逻辑关系，从而推断出应该使用哪个连词。连词在不同句型中的用法可能会有所不同。考生需要掌握连词在简单句、并列句和复合句中的用法，以便在解题时能够准确判断句子的类型和连词的正确用法。13．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：种菜看起来容易，但实际上要学很多。A.mainly主要地；B.directly直接地；C.actually实际上；D.immediately立刻。由转折连词but可知，此处需用副词actually，表示种菜看起来容易，实际上要学的很多。故选C。【点评】考查副词辨析。注意：副词辨析是常见的考点，掌握以下解题技巧可以帮助提高准确率：理解副词的基本功能。修饰动词，表示动作的方式、频率、程度等。修饰形容词或其他副词，加强或减弱程度。修饰整个句子，表达说话者的态度或观点。注意副词的位置。结合语境判断，有些副词在不同语境下含义不同，需根据上下文选择。如果无法直接确定答案，可先排除明显错误的选项，再对比剩余选项的细微差别。14．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：中国人用各种各样的活动来庆祝春节。A.spend花费；B.observe庆祝；C.present呈现；D.appreciate感激，欣赏。根据句意可知，此处为动词observe"庆祝"，满足句意要求。故选B。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：在动词词义辨析中，施动者和动作对象的不同往往决定动词的选择。例如，有些动词只能用于人，有些则只能用于物。通过判断施动者和动作对象的类型，可以缩小选择范围。动词分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词需要宾语，不及物动词则不需要。了解动词的及物性和不及物性，有助于确定动词的正确形式。15．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：——你昨天有没有给那家公司打电话问问他们对我们的产品感觉怎么样？——打了，他们很满意。A.Didyoucall?你打电话了吗？一般过去时，询问过去是否打过电话。B.Haveyoucalled?你打过电话了吗？现在完成时，强调动作对现在的影响或是否已完成。C.Willyoucall?你会打电话吗？一般将来时，询问未来是否会打电话。D.Wereyoucalling?你刚才在打电话吗？—过去进行时，询问过去某一时刻是否正在打电话。空处所在题干有一个很明显的时间状语yesterday，发生在过去，肯定用过去时，故选A。

【点评】考查时态（一般过去时）。注意：在解题时，首先要识别句子中的时间状语，这是判断句子是否应该使用一般过去时的重要依据。常见的表示过去的时间状语有：yesterday（昨天）；lastweek/month/year（上周/月/年）；twodaysago（两天前）；in1998（在1998年）。如果句子中出现了这些时间状语，或者可以通过上下文推断出动作发生在过去，那么就应该考虑使用一般过去时。16．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：我要做的第一件事是在母亲节给我妈妈买件礼物。A.who，指代人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。B.that，可指代人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。C.what，不引导定语从句，而是引导名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句等），相当于thething(s)that。D.whose，表示所属关系，既可指人也可指物，相当于ofwhom/which。先行词thing前有序数词修饰，在从句中作宾语，关系代词用that。故选B。

【点评】考查定语从句。注意：在解答定语从句的题目中，首先要找出或理解句子中的定语从句，并识别其关系词。在句子中找到被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，这个名词或代词就是先行词。先行词决定了关系词的选择。确定关系词的位置，关系词通常紧跟在先行词之后，引导定语从句。判断关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分（主语、宾语、定语或状语）。根据先行词是人还是物来选择关系代词或考虑使用关系副词。如果先行词被特定的词（如序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词等）修饰，或者句子需要强调特定意义，通常使用that作为关系词。17．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：史密斯先生要乘坐的火车8:30到达，8:45离开。空处为主句谓语，表示按规定、计划等时刻表的动作，应用一般现在时。故选B。【点评】考查时态（一般现在时）。注意：首先，要仔细阅读题目和上下文，确定句子描述的是当前状态、经常发生的动作还是普遍真理，从而判断应使用一般现在时。结合语境和上下文。在解题时，始终要结合语境和上下文来理解句子的意思。这有助于准确判断时态、主语与动词的一致性以及动词的正确形式。18．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：马克放学回家时，突然注意到一个女孩从自行车上摔了下来。表示"某人正在做某事，突然……"句型为sb.bedoingsth.when...，结合后文noticed可知应用过去进行时，主语为Mark，谓语动词用单数。故选C。【点评】考查固定句型和时态（过去进行时）。注意：首先，要明确过去进行时的基本结构是"was/were+现在分词"，表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。解题时要注意寻找题目中表示过去特定时间的时间状语，如at8o'clockyesterday,whenhearrived,whileIwasreading等。这些时间提示词往往是判断使用过去进行时的重要依据。其次，当题目中出现两个过去动作时，通常较长的动作用过去