专题10 动名词（知识清单）（原卷版）-2026年高考英语一轮复习知识清单

6/11专题10动名词目录目录01知识脑图·学科框架速建02考点精析·知识能力全解【知能解读01】动名词作主语【知能解读02】动名词作表语【知能解读03】动名词作定语03攻坚指南·高频考点突破【重难点突破01】只接动名词作宾语的动词【重难点突破02】接todo/doing意义不同的动词【重难点突破03】含介词to的动词短语【重难点突破04】含省略介词的动词短语04避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗【易混易错01】动名词的被动式、否定式和完成式【易混易错02】动名词主动形式被动意义05通法提炼·高频思维拆解【用法拓展】动名词复合结构典型用法01动名词作主语1.动名词位于句首直接作主语，泛指一个抽象概念，谓语用单数形式。Swimmingisgoodforhealth.游泳对健康有益。WatchingtoomuchTVharmseyesight.看太多电视伤害视力。2.It作形式主语，动名词作真正主语，用于Itisnouse/gooddoing…等句型。Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收，为打翻的牛奶哭泣是没用的。Itisnogoodeatingtoomuchjunkfood.吃太多垃圾食品没有好处。3.用于Thereisnodoing…固定句型，语气强硬。Thereisnodenyingthatheisanexcellentleader.不可否认，他是一位出色的领导者。Thereisnotellingwhatwillhappentomorrow.谁也说不准明天会发生什么。【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词。1．__________(spend)timetogetherinthegardencanbeagreatwaytoexerciseandhavefunwithyourpet.2．Rose’s(come)won’tbeofmuchhelp.3．(laugh)atinpubliciswhatyouwillneverwanttohappentoyou.4．Itisnouse(complain)thebadweather,sowehadbetterfigureoutagoodideatogetthereontime.5．There’sno________(deny)thatChinahasmadegreatprogressinthepastdecades.02动名词作表语动名词作表语时主语通常是对主语的解释说明。Therealchallengeisfinishingtheprojectontime.真正的挑战是按时完成项目。WhatIenjoymostisreadinginthequietlibrary.我最喜欢的事是在安静的图书馆看书。【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1．Hisjobis________(look)aftertheoldpeopleinthenursinghome.2．Hismaintaskis________(sell)smartblackboardsatthemoment.3．Themostimportantthingnowis________(find)aplacetolivein.4．Whatworriesmemostisher________(stay)toolateeverynight.5．Themanagertoldmethatmydailytaskwas________(clean)thefloorsofthebuilding.03动名词作定语1.动名词作定语时，主要用于修饰名词，说明被修饰词的性质、用途或与被修饰词之间的逻辑关系。aswimmingpool游泳池（=apoolforswimming）awalkingstick拐杖（=astickforwalking）2.易错提醒：现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在发生的动作；过去分词作定语，表示一个被动的、已完成的动作；不定式作定语表示一个将要发生的动作。Imetagirlcarryingabigbag.我遇到了一个背着大袋子的女孩。Thebrokenwindowneedstoberepaired.那扇被打碎的窗户需要修理。Ihaveameetingtoattendtomorrow.我明天有个会议要参加。【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Beforebeingallowedtodiveintheocean,thetraineeswereintroducedtothescubaequipmentinthe__________(swim)pool.2.__________(clean)womeninbigcitiesusuallygetpaidbythehour.3．Families(celebrate)theLunarNewYearcanenjoyexcitingdragondancesandcarnivalstogether.4．Therewasaproblemwiththe__________(park)placeforbikesinourschool.4.5．Anewstudy(lead)byJoaquinNavajasofferedaninterestingturningpointontheclassiccondition.01只接动名词作宾语的动词1.英语中有些动词只能接动名词作宾语。谐音记忆：mecarfipsd霉咖啡不是的mind介意/miss错过,enjoy喜欢/escape逃避,consider考虑avoid避免/appreciate感激/advocate提倡/allow允许,risk冒险,finish完成/forbid禁止/fancy想要,imagine想象,practise实践/postpone推迟,suggest建议,delay延迟Thedoctorsuggested

exercising

regularly.医生建议定期锻炼。Theyareconsidering

moving

toLondon.他们在考虑搬到伦敦2.在特定语境中还应考虑用动名词的被动形式beingdone。Thebirdescaped

being

caught.那只鸟逃脱了被捕捉的命运。Theycomplainedabout

beinggiven

toomuchwork.他们抱怨被分配了太多工作。【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1．IfI’mtalkingtosomeoneseniortome,thenIshouldsay,“Wouldyoumind___________(open)thewindow,please?”AtlastIendedup_________(hit)thesetwithmyfist,anditstoppedworkingaltogether.3．Theyproposed____________(form)agrouptoinvestigatethecase.4．Ifpolicymakerstrulyadvocate___________(build)asustainablefuture,theyshouldstartbyimplementingtheseenvironmentallyfriendlytransportationsolutionsimmediately.5．MrSmithwasangrywithJimbecausehekept___________(chat)withhisfriendsinclass.02接todo/doing意义不同的动词英语中有一些动词后接不定式和动名词时，意义差别较大，这类动词是语法中的重点和易错点。得分速记妙记--frogshmt青蛙是聪明的（首字母谐音记忆）forget忘记,remember记住/regret后悔,goon继续,stop停止,can’thelp禁不住,mean打算,try试图。forgettodo忘记要去做某事（未做）forgetdoing忘记已经做过某事（已做）Sheforgottoturnoffthelights.她忘记关灯了。I'llneverforgetmeetingyouforthefirsttime.我永远不会忘记第一次见你的情景。remembertodo记得将要做某事（未做）rememberdoing记得已经做过某事（已做）Remembertolockthedoorbeforeleaving.离开前记得锁门。Irememberlockingthedoortoday.我记得今天锁门了。regrettodo遗憾去做某事（未做）regretdoing后悔做过某事（已做）Iregrettotellyouthatyoufailedtheexam.我很遗憾地告诉你，你考试没及格。Heregretsquittinghisjob.他后悔辞掉了工作。goontodo继续做另一件事（对象变了）goondoing继续做正在做的事（对象不变）Afterfinishingmath,hewentontostudyphysics.做完数学后，他接着学物理。Theywentonworkingdespitetherain.尽管下雨，他们仍继续工作。stoptodo停下来去做另一件事（对象变了）stopdoing停止做某事（对象不变）Westoppedtohavearest.我们停下来休息一下。Pleasestoptalking.请停止说话。can’thelptodo不能帮助做某事can’thelpdoing情不自禁做某事I'msorryIcan'thelptocleantheroomtoday—I'mtoobusy.抱歉我今天不能帮忙打扫房间，我太忙了。Shecouldn'thelpcryingwhensheheardthesadnews.听到这个坏消息，她情不自禁地哭了。meantodo打算做某事（未做）meandoing意味着做某事（解释作用）Imeantofinishthereporttoday.我打算今天完成报告。Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour.错过这趟火车意味着要再等一小时。trytodo努力做某事（不一定成功）trydoing尝试做某事（强调尝试和行动）Shetriedtosolvetheproblem.她努力解决这个问题。Tryaddingsomesugartomakeittastebetter.试着加点糖，让它味道更好些。【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1．Thevolunteerregrettednot(bring)akettletoGhanatoboilthewatersheneeded.2．Iremember(lock)thedoorbeforeIlefthome,butnowit’swideopen.3．Itactuallytakesafewminutesforyourbraintotellyourbodythatithashadenoughfood,soeatslowlyandstop_________(eat)beforeyoufeelfull.4．Totakelifeeasydoesn’tmean(do)nothingatall,butgraspingeveryopportunitytodogooddeeds.5．Assoonasthekidsheardthefunnyjoke,theycouldn’thelp(shout)withlaughter.03含介词to的动词短语英语中有些动词短语含有介词to，后接名词或动名词作宾语。lookforwardtodoing 盼望做某事getdowntodoing 着手做某事beusedtodoing 习惯于做某事beaccustomedtodoing习惯于做某事sticktodoing 坚持做某事payattentiontodoing 注意做某事devoteoneselftodoing 致力于做某事commitoneselftodoing 致力于做某事applyoneselftodoing 致力于做某事objecttodoing 反对做某事beopposedtodoing 反对做某事Whenitcomestodoing 谈到做某事attachimportancetodoing 重视做某事Shelooksforwardto

meeting

heroldfriends.（她期待见到老朋友。Heobjectsto

beingtreated

likeachild.（他反对被当成孩子对待。Hedevoteshimselfto

studying

traditionalart.（他致力于研究传统艺术。Therearenoshortcutswhenitcomestobuildingtrust.涉及到建立信任，没有捷径可走。Ifyouapplyyourselftomasteringthisskill,you'llsucceedsoonerorlater.如果你专心致志掌握这项技能，迟早会成功的。【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1．Inthosedays,somestudentswereusedto(go)tobedlateand(get)uplateaswell.2．Bothsidescommittedthemselvesto(settle)thedisputepeacefully.3．Ifyouareastudent,dodevoteyourselfto(digest)yourteachers’instructionuntilyoufullyunderstandit.4．Theaccidentservesasawarningtoallwildernessloversaboutthepotentialdangersthatcanleadto________(bite)bypoisonousinsectsinthewild.5．Whenitcomesto(rate)restaurants,foodtasteandservicequalityaretopconsiderations.04常接省略介词的动词短语spendmoney(in)doing花费时间做某事 wastetime(in)doing浪费时间做某事bebusy/occupied(in)doing忙于做某事 prevent/stopsb(from)doing阻止某人做某事haveahardtime(in)doing做某事有困难 havedifficulty/trouble(in)doing做某事有困难havefun(in)doing做某事开心 Thereisnopoint/sense(in)doing做某事没有用Thereisnoharm(in)doing不妨做某事 haveproblems(in)doing做某事有困难Theyspentalotofmoney(in)decoratingtheirnewhouse.他们花了很多钱装修新房子。Don'twastetime(in)arguingwithhim.别浪费时间和他争论。Shetriedtostophim(from)makingamistake.她试图阻止他犯错误。【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1．Whileyouaretravellingtoaplace,attentionshouldbepaidtopreventingyourselffrom(fine)forbreakingsomespeciallocalrules.2．Therescueteammanagedtoworkfortwohourswithout(interrupt).3．Sometimesitjusttakesaflashofinspirationtorealizethatthecareeryoureallyfeellike(dive)intohasalwaysbeenthere.4．Thereisnoharmin(set)offearlyinsuchanextremeweather.5．Hespendseveryminutehecan(practise)hisspokenEnglish.01动名词的被动式、否定式和完成式（以动词find为例）内容主动语态被动语态否定式一般式findingbeingfoundnotfinding完成式havingfoundhavingbeenfoundnothavingfound（一般式）Sheleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.她没说再见就离开了。（完成式）Shewaspraisedforhavingsavedthechild.她因救了那个孩子而受到表扬。（被动式）Beinginvitedtothepartymadeherveryhappy.被邀请参加派对让她非常开心。（完成被动式）Sheisproudofhavingbeenselectedastheteamleader.她为自己被选为队长而自豪。（否定式）Heregrettednothavingfinishedtheworkontime.他后悔没有按时完成工作。【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1．Idon’tappreciate(treat)likeasecond-classcitizen.2．Theyspenttherestofthemorning(wander)inthestreets.3．(admit)tothetopuniversitybroughthimagreatsenseofachievement.4．Shesaidsorrytomeandadmitted(take)myumbrellabymistake.5．（expose）totheEnglishbroadcastcandoalotofgoodtoyourEnglishstudy.02动名词主动形式被动意义1.want/need/require表示“需要”，后接动名词，动名词主动形式表示被动意义。want/need/requiredoing=want/need/requiretobedoneTheroomwantscleaningimmediately.=Theroomwantstobecleanedimmediately.这个房间需要马上打扫。Theproblemrequiressolvingassoonaspossible.=Theproblemrequirestobesolvedassoonaspossible.这个问题需要尽快解决。2.deserve表示“值得做”，后接动名词，动名词主动形式表示被动意义。deservedoing=deservetobedoneHiscouragedeservespraising.=Hiscouragedeservestobepraised.他的勇气值得被赞扬。3.beworthdoing表示“值得做”，后接动名词，主动形式表示被动意义。Hissuggestion

isworthconsidering.他的建议值得考虑【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1．Suchanemergencydeserves(handle)rightaway.2．Theseannouncements,assymbolsofloveandindividuality,remindusthatsometraditionsareworth(preserve).3．Youareagoodhumanbeingandyoudeserve(treat)assuch.4．Havingdonesomeworthwhilethingsduringthesummervacation,sheisworthyof(praise).5.Aftertheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneed___________/_______________(repair).动名词复合结构典型用法1.标准用法:①名词所有格+doing(如Jane’sdoing);②形容词物主代词+doing(如herdoing);作主语、表语或宾语。Theteam’swinning

thegamesurprisedeveryone.这个队赢得比赛让所有人都很惊讶。Hercoming

tothepartybrightenedeveryone’smood.她的到来让派对上每个人的心情都变好了Theproblemis

theirnottaking

theriskseriously.问题在于他们没有认真对待这个风险。Ireallyappreciate

yourhelping

mewiththeproject.我非常感谢你帮我做这个项目。2.省略用法:①名词普通格+doing(Janedoing);②宾格+doing作表语或宾语(medoing)。Hedoesn’tmind

meusing

hiscomputer.他不介意我用他的电脑。Theyalllaughedat

Tomfalling

offthebike.他们都嘲笑汤姆从自行车上摔下来。【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1．Nixon’s(visit)ChinamarkedanewearbetweenU.S.andChinadiplomaticrelations.2．Idon’tapproveofyour(go)outwithhim.3．Her(lose)hernewbikereallymadehermotherveryupset.4．Thenewcomer’s(fail)toworkoutthetechnicalproblemdidn’tmakeherloseheart.5．The(president)attendingthemeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.动名词动名词综合能力提升一、单项填空1.（2025浙江1月卷）“Ireallywanttomakethisworkforpeople’slivestoday,andIknowthatdoesn’talwaysmean65(return)adressontheMondayafteraspecialweekend,”shesays.2.(2025八省联考卷)Chineseplaysanincreasinglyimportantrolein63(improve)communicationandcooperationbetweenChinaandtherestoftheworld.3.（2023全国乙卷）Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears(record)everythingIdiscovered.4.(2022全国甲卷)Iwasunwillingtotalkwithhimandoftendisobeyedhisruleofnot___________(stay)outwithmyfriendstoolate.5.（2021全国甲卷）After___________(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhatbetterthantorideonapieceofhistory!6.（2021全国乙卷）Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthefollowingprinciples:•Minimizetheimpactof___________(visit)theplace.7.（2019全国I卷）Scientistshaverespondedby___________(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements.8.（2018全国I卷）Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof___________(die)earlybyrunning.9.（2018全国III卷）Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid___________(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeelchallenged.10.(2017全国II)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,(lay)thetrackandthe