2026届浙江省宁波市海曙区等5地高三一模英语试题 含解析

宁波市学年第一学期高考模拟考试英语试卷第一部分听力共两节，满分分)第一节共5小题每小题5分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Buysomefreshfruit.B.Returnaphonecall.C.Dosomecleaning.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Mymomcalledjustnow,sayingshewouldmoveinattheendoftheweek.needtoclearoutthekitchen.M:Goodidea.Idon’twanthertocriticizeus.Thefirstthingweshoulddoisthrowoutthesebadfruits.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchshouldthemanpayforthebeer?A.$3.B.$6.C.$9.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:So,areyoureadytopay?M:Actually,there’saproblemwithourbill.ordered2beers,butyouchargedus$9.W:MyapologiesImusthavemixedupthetables.I’lltake$6andgiveyouanewbill.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatwillKevinberesponsiblefor?A.Histuitionfees.B.Hisphonecharges.C.Hisfamilyexpenses.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Kevin,Ithinkit’stimewetalkedaboutyoutakingmorefinancialresponsibility.M:Like,formycollegefee?Idon’tthinkmypart-timejobcoversthat.W:Isee,butyoucanmanagesomesmallerexpenses,likeyourphonebills.第1页/共27页4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inahotel.C.Atagrocery.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Ah…theheatiskillingme.Ineedsomecoldwater.W:Ohnocannottakeasipfromthetap!notathome.can’tdrinkfromthetapsinhotels.Thewater’snotsafehere.Let’sgetsomebottledwateratthegrocerynearby.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanforgettodo?A.Settleadebt.B.Checkhisapp.C.Senda【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Thisiskindofawkward,butrememberthemoneyIlentyou?Couldyoupaymeback?M:totally.Sorry.Ikeepforgetting.I’llittoyou.第二节共小题每小题5分，满分5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whowillthewomanmeettonight?A.Someformercolleagues.B.Agroupofoldfriends.C.Heruniversitypeers.7.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?A.Envious.B.Astonished.C.Frustrated.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:Joyce,youlookgreat!W:Thankyou.I’mgoingoutforagirl’snightwithmyfriendsfromhighschool.第2页/共27页M:Oh,fun.IwishIwerestillthattightwithmyhighschoolfriends.Butmostofusgrewapartinuniversity.W:friendshipsaren’teasytomaintain.allbusy.Lifegetsintheway.needtomakeaconstanttostayconnected.M:It’snicethatyouhavefriendswhoknowyouinsideandoutandalwayshaveyourback!听下面一段对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatisthewoman’smainconcern?A.Gainingpracticalskills.B.Doingacademicresearch.C.Findinganaffordableprogram.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Managerandapplicant.B.Lecturerandassistant.C.Advisorandstudent.10.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Applyforascholarship.B.Registerfortheprogram.C.Considertheman’sadvice.【答案】8.A9.C10.C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Mr.Jones.CouldIaskyouafewquestionsaboutgraduateschool?M:Ofcourse!AreyouthinkingaboutdoingaMasterofEconomics?W:Iam,butI’dliketoknowmoreabouttheprogramsandhowlongtheytake.M:Mosttakeaboutayearortwo.youlikeanacademicprogramoramanagementprogram?W:No.Idon’twanttobeaprofessororamanager.I’dpreferonethatfocusesmoreonjobskills.M:howaboutatrainingprogram?It’llhelpyougainexperience.It’llcostmorethan$25,000,buttherearelotsofscholarships!W:Thanksfortheadvice.I’lllookintothat.M:OK!canaskmeanytimeifyouhavequestions.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthewomanfindhercurrentjob?A.Satisfying.B.C.Entertaining.12.Whydoesthemanthankthewoman?A.Shesharedcreativeideas.B.Shehadapositiveattitude.C.Shealwayssupportedhim.13.Whatdoesthewomanfinallydecidetodo?第3页/共27页A.Findasimilarposition.B.Createvideocontent.C.Serveasateacher.【答案】A12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:Ron,doyouhaveamoment?Iwashopingtotalktoyouaboutsomething.M:Oh,Rina,ofcourse.What’sit?W:Ijustwanttosayworkingherehasbeenthemostrewardingexperienceofmyprofessionallife.M:I’mgladtohearthat.W:ButI’vedecidedthatit’stimetomoveon.beensuchabrilliantteacherandrolemodeltome.M:Ialsolearntalotfromyou.Thankyouforbackingmeup.Idon’tsupposeIcouldaskyoutostay?W:No,sorry.I’vemadeupmymind.I’llalwaysholdthisexperiencenearanddeartomyheart.M:Thankyou.Ireallyappreciateyoutakingachanceonus.Ifyoudon’tmindmeasking,whereareyoutonext?W:I’mbecomingafull-timevideo-maker.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.What’swrongwiththeman?A.Hehasarunningnose.B.Hehasachestpain.C.Hehasaheartache.15.Whendidthesymptomsbegin?A.Lastweek.B.Thismorning.C.Threedaysago.16.Whatdoesthewomanarrangefortheman?A.Anonlineconsultation.B.Amedicalexamination.C.Anurgentoperation.17.Whathadthemaninitiallyplannedtodotonight?A.Havealargemeal.B.Restathome.C.Orderaticket.【答案】14.B15.C16.B17.A【解析】【原文】W:Michael!WhatcanIdoforyoutoday?M:Ms.Green,IfeellikeI’mdying!Idon’tknowifI’mjusttiredorwhat,butI’mnotmyself!I’vehadrandomchestpains.W:Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?Doyouhavearunnynose?M:No,Ithinkit’ssomethingelse.Ihavefeltsickforthepastthreedays.第4页/共27页W:itcouldbeheartburn.DofattyfoodsordrinkslikesetitM:No,Idon’tButthesechestpainshavemeworried!Doyouthinkitcouldbecancer?W:Ithinkweneedtodosomescansandbloodworktonarrowthisdown.I’llbookyouforanappointmentAnddon’teatanythingbeforetomorrow’stest.M:ButI’mgoingoutforatonight!Ialreadyboughttheticketslastweek.I’vebeenlookingforwardtoitforalongtime.W:No,notanymore.Doctor’sorders!听下面一段对白，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutlackofsleep?A.Itinfluenceslearningability.B.Itcausesemotionalproblems.C.Itmainlyphysicalhealth.19.Whydoesthespeakersuggestkeepingasleepdiary?A.improvememory.B.tracksleepactivities.C.findpropersleeptime.20.Whatisthespeaker’slasttipforbettersleep?A.Keepingthesameschedule.B.Goingtobedearlyeveryday.C.Sleepinginaquietenvironment.【答案】18.A19.C20.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,welcometomyprogram!Thetopictodayissleep.Recentresearchhasshownthatpeoplearenotsleepingenough!Morethanathirdofadultsaremissingoutonprecioussleeptimeeachweek.Notsleepingenoughcangreatlyimpactyourvisualattentionandmemory,aswellasyourabilitytolearn.Sowhatdowedotoimproveoursleepquality?First,everyoneisdifferent,soyouneedtolearnhowmuchsleepyouactuallyneedeachnight.keepingasleepdiaryforthis.Aslongasyoufeelrefreshedandenergizedthenextday,you’regoodtogo.Next,determineyourbody’snaturalrhythm.Somepeoplearenaturalearlybirdsandothersnotsomuch.Findoutwhenyourbodynaturallywantstosleep,anddon’tfightit!Thelasttipiscrucial:stayconsistentwithyoursleepschedule!Honestly,consistencyisthebestwayofgettingrestandfeelingrested.shouldalsobuildregularity,likewithmealtimes,inyourdailyschedulearoundyournew-foundsleepconsistencyforthebestresults.第二部分阅读共两节，满分分)第一节共小题每小题5分，满分5分)第5页/共27页阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheupcomingwinterseasonaselectionofthefinest,quickest,toughestandmostdelightfulrunningeventsacrosstheUKforthoseseekingadventureorcommunityspirit.●1Doyourselfafavourandbringtowelsandplasticbagswithyou,becauseeverybitofgearyouwearduringthiseventislikelytobecakedwithmudbytheend.Therefore,theorganisershavedonewelltoensuretherearechangingroomsandshowersavailableforallrunners.●8Digthatheadflashlightoutofthemessydrawerforthisafter-darkrunorwalkforagoodcause.havea5Kroute,whichwindsthroughtheforestattheStIvesEstate.Therouteisfarfromflatandwillalmostcertainlybemuddyinplaces,somakesureyourbatteriesarewellchargedincasethereareemergencies.●Thiseventisrunbyamostenvironmentallyconsciousorganiserinthecountry,andisthereforeonlyopentolocalrunnerstoreducecartravel.Anothergreatfeatureisthat£7.50ofthe£10entryfeegoesstraighttoalocalcharitythatsupportspeoplewithcancer,makingthisoneofthemostpositive-impacteventsthatyoucouldpossiblyfind.●Mapledurham10&Half,29DecemberMapledurhameventsarealwayswellorganisedand,withunpleasantweatherlikely,you'llhavetodealwithsomemudonthevariousuphillsanddownhillsonwhicheverofthe10K,10-mileorhalf-marathoncoursesyouchoose.Theorganisershaveprioritisedfindingagoodrouteoverprecisemeasurements,soallthreeraceshavearatherlooserelationshipwiththeirstateddistance.21.Whichwebsiteinformationfornightrunparticipants?A.sueryder.orgB.racebest.comC.eventrac.co.ukD.mstevents.co.uk第6页/共27页22.WhatmakestheMapledurhameventsunique?A.Eco-friendlygoals.B.Flexibleracedistances.C.Strongcharityfocus.D.Muddyrunningcourses.23.Whichcolumnofamagazineisthetextprobablyfrom?A.B.AthleteProfiles.C.NewsInsight.D.RaceGuide.【答案】21.A22.B23.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国冬季即将举办的四场跑步赛事，包括赛事日期、特色、注意事项及官方网站，为跑步爱好者提供赛事参考。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“SolsticeStrider,8December”部分中的“Digthatheadflashlightoutofthemessydrawerforthisafter-darkrunorwalkforagoodcause.(从乱糟糟的抽屉里找出头灯，参加这场夜间跑步或步行公益活动。)”可知，这场赛事是夜间举办的，其官方网站为sueryder.org。故选A。【22题详解】Mapledurham10&Half,29December”部分中的“Theorganisershaveprioritisedfindingagoodrouteoverprecisemeasurements,soallthreeraceshavearatherlooserelationshipwiththeirstateddistance.(组织者优先考虑找到一条好的路线，而不是精确测量，所以这三场比赛与它们所声明的距离之间的关系相当松散。)”可知，Mapledurham赛事的独特之处在于其灵活的比赛距离。故选B。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Theupcomingwinterseasonaselectionofthefinest,quickest,toughestandmostdelightfulrunningeventsacrosstheUKforthoseseekingadventureorcommunityspirit.(即将到来的冬季为那些寻求冒险或团队精神的人提供了英国各地最精彩、最快、最艰难、最令人愉快的跑步赛事。)”以及下文对四个跑步赛事的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了英国即将到来的冬季跑步赛事，包括赛事名称、日期、特点以及相关信息查询网址，因此这篇文章可能来自杂志的“赛事指南”专栏。故选D。BLastspring,myneighborDonnaandI,bothinourseventies,spentseveralhoursintheglorioussunshineenjoyingthenewseason.Whenitwastimetositdownandrelax,Donnapulledoutherredmetalchairfromhergarage(车库),andIsatonanoverturnedplasticbucket(桶).Itwasfuntocatchuponthenewsthatwehadmissedduringthelongwinterindoors.第7页/共27页However,overthenextfewdays,itturnedoutthatweneededmorethanachairandabucketwhichwerenotquitecomfortable.Donnadecidedweneededabench.Afterdismissingunsuitableoptionsfromlocalstores,shefoundaperfectoneonline.Thenextdayitarrived.Excitedly,sheopenedtheboxandstartedputtingittogether.proudlyhigh-fivedeachotherasthepiecesjoinedupandthebenchstartedtolooklikeone.Afterafewminutes’assistancefromaneighbour,itwascomplete.What’smore,itwastheperfectfitfortwo70-somethingstocarryonlateafternoonchats.Soon,thebenchattractedotherneighbors.Oneday,someonecalledoutfromthesidewalk,“Whatdoyoudoonthatbench?”Quick-thinkingDonnacalledback,“It’sour‘ThinkingBench’!thinkaboutimportantthingshappeninginourlives.”Then,thenamegraduallyevolved—afteroneneighborsatalonedeepinthought,hedeclaredita“Decision-MakingBench”;anothertime,whenDonnawascaughtnapping,sheinsistedshewas“meditating(冥想)”,addingyetanothername.Lastfall,withthetemperaturefalling,wecametotheendofsittingoutdoors.werefacedwithonedilemma-whattodoaboutitinthewinter?wesatdownandthoughtandmeditatedanddecidedtoputitinDonna’sgarageforthewinter.WhenIglimpseditafewtimesoverthenextmonths,thebenchsatlonely,holdingemptyflowerpots,andsomeflat,oldboxes.Butnowafteralongwinter,springflowersarereadytobloominthewarmsunshine,andweneighboursarereadytowelcome“TheBench”backintoourlives.24.Donnadecidedtoreplacethechairandbucketto_________.A.lightenthecarryingloadB.attractmoreneighboursC.getbetterseatingforchatsD.adapttowarmerweather25.Howdidthebenchgetitsvariousnames?A.Fromitemsplacedonit.B.Fromseasonaldiscussions.C.Fromusers’activitiesonit.D.FromDonna’screativeideas.26.Whyarepotsandboxesmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.suggesttheflowerswouldsoonbeplanted.B.showthebenchwasnotservingitspurpose.C.describethebench’spracticaluseinwinter.D.explainwhythebenchneededwinterstorage.27.Whatdoes“TheBench”representbythestory’send?A.Asymbolofcommunitybonds.B.Asolutiontotheagingproblem.C.Areminderofthepastsummer.D.Amemoryofavaluedonlineorder.【答案】24.C25.C26.B27.A第8页/共27页【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和邻居唐娜在户外放置长椅，长椅吸引邻居们一起聊天、思考、做决定，最终成为邻里情谊象征的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However,overthenextfewdays,itturnedoutthatweneededmorethanachairandabucketwhichwerenotquitecomfortable.Donnadecidedweneededabench.()”以及“What’smore,itwastheperfectfitfortwo70-somethingstocarryonlateafternoonchats.(70)选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then,thenamegraduallyevolved—afteroneneighborsatalonedeepinthought,hedeclaredita‘Decision-MakingBench’;anothertime,whenDonnawascaughtnapping,sheinsistedshewas‘meditating’,addingyetanothername.(是一个‘决策长椅’；还有一次，当唐娜被发现打盹时，她坚持说自己在‘冥想’，于是又加了一个名字。)”可知，长凳的名字来源于使用者在长凳上的活动。故选C。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“WhenIglimpseditafewtimesoverthenextmonths,thebenchsatlonely,holdingemptyflowerpots,andsomeflat,oldboxes.Butnowafteralongwinter,springflowersarereadytobloominthewarmsunshine,andweneighboursarereadytowelcome“TheBench”backintoourlives.(在接下来的几个月里，当我瞥见它几次时，长凳孤零零地立着，上面放着空花盆和一些扁平的旧盒子。但是现在，经过一个漫长的冬天，春天的花朵已经准备好在温暖的阳光下绽放，我们邻居们也准备好欢迎‘长凳’回到我们的生活中。)”可知，长凳上放着空花盆和旧盒子，说明长凳在冬天没有发挥它的作用，即让邻居们一起聊天、思考、做决定。故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Soon,thebenchattractedotherneighbors.()”以及最后一段中的“Butnowafteralongwinter,springflowersarereadytobloominthewarmsunshine,andweneighboursarereadytowelcome‘TheBench’backintoourlives.(已经准备好在温暖的阳光下绽放，我们邻居们也准备好欢迎‘长凳’回到我们的生活中。)”可知，长凳吸引了邻居们一起聊天、思考、做决定，它最终象征着邻里间的情谊联结。故选A。第9页/共27页CWhatifyoucouldmeetmostofyourdailyneeds-shopping,work,education,healthcare-withina15-minutewalkorbikeridefromyourhome?Thisistheexcitingvisionofthe“15-minutecity”,anurbanplanningconceptthatgainedglobalattentionyearsago.However,puttingitintopracticehassparkedunexpectedandfierceopposition.TheconceptwaspopularizedbyMayorAnneHidalgoofParisandbasedontheresearchofFrenchscholarCarlosMoreno.Itsuggestsamovefromcityplanningcenteredmainlyoncarstoonefocusedon“chronic-urbanism”.Thegoalistoreturnurbanspacetopeople,withmoreparksandstreetsforwalking.Advocatesarguethatthismodeladdressesmultiplecrisesallatthesametime:climatechange,socialisolation,andpublichealth.Despiteitsapparentbenefits,opponentshavemisrepresentedtheideaonline,framingitasasecretgovernmentplantocontrolpeople’sfreemovement.Whiletheseclaimsarebaseless,theyhavegainedsupport,influencingpublicopinionandmakingitharderforcitieslikeOxfordandMelbournetocarryouttheconcept.Therealissue,however,goesdeeperthanmisinformation.Itpointstoafundamentalprobleminurbaninnovation:thedifficultyofimaginingalifelessdependentontheprivatecar.Fordecades,thecarhassymbolizedpersonalfreedomandstatus.Anypolicythatseemstoreducecaruse,evenifitaimstoenhanceoverallqualityoflife,canmakepeoplefeelemotionallyupset.Thisreflectswhattransportexpertscall“cardependency”,aculturalanddeep-rootedhabitthatishardtobreak.Thesituationmirrorspasturbanconflicts.Forinstance,manypeopleopposedcreatingwalking-onlystreetsincitycentersdecadesago,butnow,suchareasaremostlylovedandvalued.Theexpertsofarecentstudyonsustainabletransitionconcludethatthebattleforthe15-minutecityisnotjustaboutplanning;it’saboutmessaging.Successdependsnotonlyonsmartdesignbutalsooneffectivelyconveyingitsvisionofamoresustainableandhumanurbanfuture.28.Whatcanwelearnabout“chronic-urbanism”inparagraph2?A.Itgivesmorespacetopeople.B.Itaimstoexpandroadnetworks.C.Itfocusesoncardevelopment.D.ItwascreatedbyCarlosMoreno.29.Whatdotheopponentsthinkofthe15-minutecity?A.B.Money-wasting.C.Freedom-limiting.D.30.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Thechallengeofalesscar-centeredlife.B.Thesignificanceofprivatecars.第10页/共27页C.Thepublic’sreactionstoanewpolicy.D.Thedefinitionofcardependency.31.Whatdoestheexperts’conclusionimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Publicopinionsaretoohardtochange.B.Sustainabletransitionisthetoppriority.C.Communicationmattersasmuchasdesign.D.Planningshouldsendaninnovativemessage.【答案】28.A29.C30.A31.C【解析】15处，但遭不实反对，核心阻力是汽车依赖，其推行需兼顾设计与有效传递可持续人文城市愿景。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Itsuggestsamovefromcityplanningcenteredmainlyoncarstoonefocusedon“chronic-urbanism”.Thegoalistoreturnurbanspacetopeople,withmoreparksandstreetsforwalking.(它主张从主要以汽车为中心的城市规划转向以“慢性城市主义”为核心的规划模式。其目标是将城市空间还给市民，增加更多的公园和步行街道)A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Despiteitsapparentbenefits,opponentshavemisrepresentedtheideaonline,framingitasasecretgovernmentplantocontrolpeople’sfreemovement.Whiletheseclaimsarebaseless,theyhavegainedsupport,influencingpublicopinionandmakingitharderforcitieslikeOxfordandMelbournetocarryouttheconcept.(秘密计划。尽管这些说法毫无根据，但它们却获得了支持，影响了公众舆论，使得像牛津和墨尔本这样的城市难以推行这一理念)”可知，反对者们认为“15分钟城市”限制了自由。故选C。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Therealissue,however,goesdeeperthanmisinformation.Itpointstoafundamentalprobleminurbaninnovation:thedifficultyofimaginingalifelessdependentontheprivatecar.Fordecades,thecarhassymbolizedpersonalfreedomandstatus.Anypolicythatseemstoreducecaruse,evenifitaimstoenhanceoverallqualityoflife,canmakepeoplefeelemotionallyupset.Thisreflectswhattransportexpertscall“cardependency”,aculturalanddeep-rootedhabitthatishardtobreak.(然而，真正的问题远不止是信息传播不准确这么简单。它揭示了城市创新中一个根本性的难题：难以想象一种不再过度依赖私家车的生活方式。数十年来，汽车一直象征着个人自由和地位。任何看似减少汽车使用量的政策，即便其目的是提升整体生活质量，也会让人们产生情绪上的不适。这反映了交通专家所说的“对汽车的依赖”，这是一种根深蒂固的文化习惯，很难改变)”可知，本段主要讲了一种少依赖汽车的生活方式所带来的挑战。故选A。第11页/共27页【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theexpertsofarecentstudyonsustainabletransitionconcludethatthebattleforthe15-minutecityisnotjustaboutplanning;it’saboutmessaging.Successdependsnotonlyonsmartdesignbutalsooneffectivelyconveyingitsvisionofamoresustainableandhumanurbanfuture.(最近一项关于可持续转型的研究专家得出结论：这场关于打造“15分钟城市”的竞争不仅关乎规划，还关乎宣传策略。成功的关键不仅在于巧妙的设计，还在于有效地传达其对于更可持续、更人性化城市未来的愿景)”可知，最后一段专家们的结论意味着交流与设计同样重要。故选C。DDavidUttal,ascientistatNorthwesternUniversity,hasalwaysbeenpooratfindinghisway.At13,hegotlostonaBoyScouthikefortwoandahalfdays.TheworldisfullofpeoplelikeUttal-andtheiropposites,thefolkswhoalwaysseemtoknowexactlywheretheyareandhowtogetwheretheywanttogo.Thesedifferencesareobvious,butexplainingthemhasprovedchallenging.Now,researchusingvirtualrealitysuggeststhattosomeextent,navigational(导航的)skillsareshapedbyupbringing.A2020studyhighlightedthis.Theresearcherscomparedtheperformanceofmorethan2,600twinsastheynavigatedthroughavirtualenvironmenttotestwhethernavigationalabilityrunsinfamilies.Itdoes,theyfound—butonlymodestly.Instead,thebiggestcontributortopeople’sperformancewaswhatgeneticistscall“nonsharedenvironmentalfactors”—theuniqueexperienceseachpersonaccumulatesastheirlifeunfolds.Goodnavigators,itappears,aremostlymade,notborn.Anotherlarge-scaleexperimentprovidedfurtherinsight.Researchersdevelopedasmartphonegame,“SeaHeroQuest”,inwhichplayersnavigatethroughavirtualenvironmenttolocatecheckpoints.Basedondatafromnearlyfourmillionplayersworldwide,theydiscoveredthatculturalfactorswerelinkedtowayfindingskills.PeoplefromNordiccountries,wherethenavigationsportoforienteeringispopular,performedslightlybetter.Resultslikethesesuggestthatlifeexperiencemaybeoneofthebiggestdeterminantsofnavigationalability.Indeed,experiencemayevenunderlieoneofthemostconsistentfindingsinnavigation:thatmentendtoperformbetterthanwomen.outthisgendergapismoreaquestionofcultureandexperiencethanofbornability.Nordiccountries,forexample,wheregenderequalityisgreatest,showalmostnogenderdifferenceinnavigation.Incontrast,menfaroutperformwomeninplaceswherewomenfaceculturalrestrictionsonexploringtheirenvironment.Uttal,thesefindingscarryanoptimisticimplication.“Thegoodnewsisthatnavigationistrainable,”henotes,“It’snevertoolatetobecomeabetternavigator.justneedtogiveyourselfopportunitiestoexploreand第12页/共27页payattentiontoyoursurroundings.”32.Whatdidthe2020studyontwinsrevealaboutnavigationalability?A.Itislargelydeterminedbygenes.B.Itislearnedthroughexperience.C.Itvarieslittleamongindividuals.D.Itremainsconstantinaperson’slife.33.Howwasthe“SeaHeroQuest”experimentconducted?A.Bytestingbrainactivityduringplay.B.Byobservinghowplayersnavigate.C.BycomparingtheNordicswithothers.D.Byanalyzingsmartphonegamedata.34.Whydomenoftenoutperformwomeninnavigation?A.Menbenefitfrompracticingsports.B.lackinterestindoingso.C.Menpossessstrongerspacememory.D.havefewerchancestoexplore.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhatCan“SeaHeroQuest”Us?B.WhyDoSomePeopleAlwaysGetLost?C.HowDoesVRImproveNavigationalSkills?D.WhoAreBetterNavigators:Menor【答案】32.B33.D34.D35.B【解析】航能力受后天经历、文化因素影响更大，男女表现差异源于环境探索机会，且该能力可训练。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead,thebiggestcontributortopeople’sperformancewaswhatgeneticistscall“nonsharedenvironmentalfactors”—theuniqueexperienceseachpersonaccumulatesastheirlifeunfolds.Goodnavigators,itappears,aremostlymade,notborn.(相反，对人们表现影响最大的因素是遗传学家所说的“非共同环境因素”——即每个人在其人生历程中所积累的独特经历。看来，优秀的领航员大多是后天培养出来的，而非天生具备的)”可知，2020年关于双胞胎的研究揭示了关于导航能力是通过经验习得的。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Researchersdevelopedasmartphonegame,“SeaHeroQuest”,inwhichplayersnavigatethroughavirtualenvironmenttolocatecheckpoints.Basedondatafromnearlyfourmillionplayersworldwide,theydiscoveredthatculturalfactorswerelinkedtowayfindingskills.(研究人员开发了一款名为“海400)析智能手机游戏数据开展。故选D。第13页/共27页【34题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Incontrast,menfaroutperformwomeninplaceswherewomenfaceculturalrestrictionsonexploringtheirenvironment.(环境的地区，男性的表现要远远优于女性)”可知，男性在导航方面往往比女性表现得更好是因为女性获得的探索机会更少。故选D。【35题详解】DavidUttal,ascientistatNorthwesternUniversity,hasalwaysbeenpooratfindinghisway.At13,hegotlostonaBoyScouthikefortwoandahalfdays.TheworldisfullofpeoplelikeUttal-andtheiropposites,thefolkswhoalwaysseemtoknowexactlywheretheyareandhowtogetwheretheywanttogo.(西北大学的科学家大卫·乌塔尔向来都不擅长辨别方向。在他13岁时，他在一次童子军徒步活动中迷路了整整两天半。这个世界上到处都是像乌塔尔这样的人——以及与他们相反的那种人，后者似乎总是能准确地知道自己所处的位置以及如何到达想去的地方)”结合文章围绕导航（识别路线）能力差异展开，通过双胞胎机会，且该能力可训练。可知，B选项“为什么有些人总是迷路呢？”符合文章主题，最适合用作标题。故选B。第二节共5小题每小题5分，满分5分)Asourdogsentertheirgoldenyears,whattheyneedfortheircontinuedcomfortandhappinesswillchange.____36____Itinvolvesacomprehensiveapproachthatcoverstheirchanginghealth,mobility,andemotionalwell-being.It’simportanttostayontopoftheirhealthwithregularvetcheck-upstohelpdetectanyage-relatedissuesearlyon.Thisway,conditionssuchasjointpainormentaldeclinecanbemanagedeffectively,ensuringyourseniordogisgettingthecaretheyneed.Remembertokeepacloseeyeontheirbehavior.____37____Asyourdogages,theirnutritionalneedswillchange,too.It’sessentialtochangetheirdietandmonitortheirweighttopreventanyobesity-relatedhealthissues.____38____Alsoconsidergivingsupplementssuchasamultivitaminwhichincludesjoint-supportingingredients,aswellashealthyfatswhichhelpimprovebrainfunctionandsupporthealthyskin.dogmightnotbeaslivelyastheyoncewere,soadjustingtheirexerciseroutinemakessense.____39____Activitieslikeswimmingaregreat,too,astheyprovideall-roundexercisetomaintainmusclemassandjointflexibilitywithoutputtingstressontheiroldbones.第14页/共27页____40____Spendqualitytimewithyourseniordog,engaginginactivitiestheylove.companionshipisinvaluabletothem.athoughtfulapproachtotheirneeds,youcanensurethatyourloyalcompanionenjoystheirlateryearswithdignity,comfort,andthelovetheydeserve.Remember,you’renotaloneinthis.Getintouchwithyourvetorfellowpetparentsifyouneedadviceorsupport.A.Choosehigh-qualityseniordogfood.B.Butpreventivecareisbetterthantreatment.C.Anysmallrelevantshiftsareoftenthefirstclues.D.Emotionalwell-beingshouldnotbeoverlooked.E.Thinkgentlewalksinsteadofintensefetchsessions.F.Don’tforgettorewardthemwiththeirfavoritetreatsafterexercise.G.careofyourseniordoggoesbeyondregularwalksandmeals.【答案】36.G37.C38.A39.E40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何照顾进入老年期的狗狗。【36题详解】下文“Itinvolvesacomprehensiveapproachthatcoverstheirchanginghealth,mobility,andemotionalwell-being.(这需要一种全面的方法，涵盖它们不断变化的健康状况、行动能力和情感福祉。)”提到照顾老年狗狗需要全面的方法。G选项：照顾老年狗狗不仅仅是日常散步和喂食。引出下文的论述。选项G中的“goesbeyondregularwalksandmealstakingcareofyourseniordog”对应下文“it”的指代，符合语境。故选G。【37题详解】上文“It’simportanttostayontopoftheirhealthwithregularvetcheck-upstohelpdetectanyage-relatedissuesearlyon.Thisway,conditionssuchasjointpainormentaldeclinecanbemanagedeffectively,ensuringyourseniordogisgettingthecaretheyneed.Remembertokeepacloseeyeontheirbehavior.(定期带狗狗去看兽医，及时掌握它们的健康状况，有助于及早发现任何与年龄相关的问题。这样一来，关节疼痛或智力衰退等情况就能得到有效控制，确保老年狗狗获得所需的照料。记得密切关注它们的行为举止。)”强调要通过定期体检和观察行为早期发现狗狗的健康问题。选项C：任何相关的细微变化通常都是最初的线索。承接上文，说明观察行为的意义，即行为变化能反映健康状况。且选项C中的“smallrelevantshifts”对应上文“behavior”，符合语境。故选C。第15页/共27页【38题详解】上文“Asyourdogages,theirnutritionalneedswillchange,too.It’sessentialtochangetheirdietandmonitorthe