人教英语话题十五 天气

第一部分

话题培优话题十五

天气重难点突破表达能力提升核心素养培优

天气（Weather）属于《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》话题项目表中第十五个话题，二级子话题分别为天气情况（Weather

conditions）、天气预报（Weather

report）、衣着与天气（Appropriate

dressing

for

the

weather）。想要准确描述天气，需要掌握以下知识点。重难点突破011.

询问天气的句型

【观察】①

How

is

the

weather

in

Beijing?

②

How

was

the

weather

last

night?

③

What’s

the

weather

like

in

Beijing?

④

What

will

the

weather

be

like

tomorrow?

【探究】询问天气的常用句型：

（1）How

is/was

the

weather

（+介词+地点/时间）？

（2）What

is/was

the

weather

like

（+介词+地点/时间）？

（3）How

will

the

weather

be

+表将来的时间状语？

（4）What

will

the

weather

be

like

+表将来的时间状语？

答语为：It’s/It

was/It

will

be

+

表示天气的形容词。【运用】用what或how填空。（1）______

will

the

weather

be

like

next

week?What（2）______was

the

weather

in

your

hometown?How2.

描写天气的形容词

【观察】①

Autumn

is

so

colorful

and

the

weather

is

nice

and

cool.

②

The

weather

in

spring

is

usually

sunny

and

warm.

③

It’s

really

cold

on

snowy

days.

④

It’s

rainy

and

wet

today.

【探究】描写天气的形容词有sunny,

rainy,

windy,

cloudy,

snowy,

foggy；

表示温度或湿度的形容词有hot,

warm,

cool,

cold,

dry,

wet等。不同的天气名词前常跟的形容词也不同，如：strong

wind,

heavy

rain/snow。

注意：weather是不可数名词，不能用冠词a/an修饰。【运用】单项选择。（1）Ben

could

hear___

winds

outside

his

home

in

Alabama.AA.strong

B.strongly

C.softly

D.soft（2）We

should

wear___

clothes

to

keep

us___.BBA.warm；

warmly

B.warm；

warmC.warm；

warmth

D.warmly；

warmly3.

辨析sleep,

asleep,

sleeping与sleepy

【观察】①

Ben

could

not

sleep

at

first.

②

Because

of

the

heavy

rainstorm,

Ben

didn’t

have

a

good

sleep

last

night.

③

He

finally

fell

asleep

when

the

wind

was

dying

down

at

around

3:00

a.m.

④

This

sleeping

bag

is

very

warm.

⑤

This

morning,

Ben

felt

very

sleepy.

【探究】单词用法常见词组sleep作动词或名词，意为“睡觉”sleep

wellhave

a

good

sleepasleep作形容词，意为“睡着的”，作表语fall/be

asleepsleeping作形容词，意为“与住宿有关的；睡觉的”，作定语，修饰名词a

sleeping

baga

sleeping

pillsleepy作形容词，意为“困倦的；瞌睡的”feel

sleepy【运用】用sleep,

asleep,

sleeping或sleepy填空。

Because

of

the

heavy

rainstorm

last

night,

I

felt_______

this

morning.

So

I

want

to______.

Maybe

I

will______

in

ten

minutes,

but

I

find

it

hard

to

fall_______.

The

dog

next

to

me

is________

quietly

in

a________

bag

on

the

floor.sleepysleepsleepasleepsleepingsleeping4.

辨析rise与raise

【观察】①

When

he

woke

up,

the

sun

was

rising.

②

The

price

of

oil

rises

these

days.

③We

can

raise

money

for

homeless

people.

④

If

you

know

the

answer,

raise

your

hands.

⑤

My

brother

likes

raising

pets.

【探究】单词含义及用法rise不及物动词，意为“上升；上涨；起床”，不可用于被动语态raise及物动词，意为“升起；举起；饲养；筹集”，可用于被动语态【运用】用rise或raise的适当形式填空。（1）It

was

her

habit

to_____

early.rise（2）My

grandma

has______

many

chickens

in

the

countryside.raised（3）Because

of

the

heavy

rainstorm,

many

people

are

in

trouble.

Let’s_____

money

to

help

them.raise5.

辨析either，also与too

【观察】①

I

called

again

at

eight

and

you

didn’t

answer，

either.

②

The

temperature

drops

below

zero,

but

it

can

also

reach

15℃.

③

She

likes

English,

too.

【探究】（1）either作副词，意为“也”，用于否定句句尾，可用“，”与前面的内容隔开。

（2）also作副词，意为“也”，常用于肯定句或疑问句中，位于行为动词之前，系动词、助动词或情态动词之后。

（3）too作副词，意为“也”，常用于肯定句或疑问句句尾，可用“，”与前面的内容隔开。【运用】用either，also或too填空。（1）It’s_____

a

sunny

day

tomorrow.also（2）I’m

going

swimming

this

Sunday,____.too（3）I

don’t

like

rainy

day,______.either表达能力提升02Ⅰ.补全对话

根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。

A:

Hello,

this

is

Linda

speaking.

1.____________________?

B:

Hi,

Linda.

This

is

Lucy.

How

are

you?

A:I’m

fine,

thank

you!

2._____________________________?

B:

I

went

to

Henan

in

China

with

my

parents

last

weekend.May

I

speak

to

LucyWhere

did

you

go

last

weekend

A:3._______________________________________________________?

B:

It

was

rainy.

A

heavy

rainstorm

was

in

the

area.

A:4.______________________________________________?

B:

I

was

visiting

Shaolin

Temple.

It’s

dangerous.

What

about

you?

A:It

was

rainy,

too.

I

only

stayed

at

home.

I

read

an

English

book

called

The

Adventures

of

Tom

Sawyer.

B:5._____________________________________________________?

A:It’s

interesting.

If

you

want

to

read

it,

come

to

my

home.

See

you!

B:

Thank

you,

see

you!How

was

the

weather

there/

What

was

the

weather

like

thereWhat

were

you

doing

at

that

time

of

the

rainstormWhat

do

you

think

of

the

book/How

do

you

like

the

bookⅡ.书面表达

（2022·天津中考）假如你是李华，请你给美国笔友David写一封信，讲述你班同学王红回家路上做的一件好事，并谈谈感受。

1.上周五，一棵树被大风吹倒，挡住了道路。

2.王红看到后，捡起地上的树枝，又去移动树干。

3.树干太沉，她搬不动。

4.人们过来帮忙。

5.你认为……

参考词汇：be

blown

down被吹倒，block挡住，branch树枝，trunk树干

要求：1.要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥；

2.词数：不少于70。（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。）Dear

David,

How

are

you?

I’d

like

to

share

a

story

with

you.

Last

Friday,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

on

Wang

Hong’s

way

home,

a

big

tree

was

blown

down

by

wind

and

it

blocked

the

way.

After

Wang

Hong

saw

it,

she

picked

up

the

branches

on

the

ground

and

then

moved

the

trunk

again.

But

the

trunk

was

so

heavy

that

she

couldn’t

move

it

by

herself.

When

other

people

saw

what

she

was

doing,

they

were

moved

by

her

and

came

to

help

her.

Finally,

they

succeeded

in

moving

the

trunk

away.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Do

you

have

a

story

to

tell?

Hope

to

hear

from

you.Yours,Li

Hua

I

think

she

is

a

very

kind

person.

And

from

this

story,

I

learn

that

we

should

offer

to

help

when

someone

needs

help.

It

not

only

helps

others,

but

also

makes

ourselves

happy.核心素养培优03Ⅰ.完形填空

（2022·自贡中考改编）阅读下面短文，理解大意，从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。

Sagarika

Sriram

is

a

high

school

student

living

in

Dubai

and

the

founder（建立者）of

Kids

for

a

Better

World—a

digital

platform（数字化平台）.

It

.

.1.

.

nearly

10

000

teens

together

from

all

over

the

world.

Its

goal

is

to

fight

climate（气候）change.

When

Sagarika

was

10

years

old,

she

felt

.

.2.

.

about

the

future

of

Earth.

Sagarika

knew

she

needed

to

do

something.

So

she

.

.3.

.

a

group

that

organized

cleanup

activities

in

Dubai.

“The

.

.4.

.

helped

me

understand

what

one

person

could

do

and

how

I

could

.

.5.

.

make

a

difference,”

she

said.

In

2016,

Sagarika

.

.6.

.

Kids

for

a

Better

World.

She

believes

even

.

.7.

.

actions

can

make

a

big

difference.

Kids

for

a

Better

World

is

for

people

aged

8

to

16.

It

teaches

kids

about

what

they

can

do

at

home

and

in

their

community

to

fight

climatechange.

They

can

.

.8.

.

food

or

plant

trees.

They

can

collect

recyclables

or

stop

using

plastic

bags.

Sagarika

wants

schools

to

teach

these

lessons.

“These

can

help

change

our

future,”

she

says.

Sagarika

has

big

.

.9.

..

She’d

like

to

study

at

Stanford

University.

And

while

she’s

there,

she

won’t

stop

.

.10.

.

Kids

for

a

Better

World.

Sagarika

hopes

to

encourage

more

and

more

people

to

fight

for

a

greener

planet.1.(

)A.orders

B.serves

C.brings

D.givesC2.(

)A.surprised

B.sorry

C.uneasy

D.happyC3.(

)A.knew

B.joined

C.met

D.happenedB4.(

)A.experience

B.hobby

C.feeling

D.interestA5.(

)A.really

B.clearly

C.quickly

D.slowlyA6.(

)A.left

B.created

C.noticed

D.openedB7.(

)A.small

B.special

C.new

D.bigA8.(

)A.borrow

B.buy

C.grow

D.sellC9.(

)A.changes

B.deals

C.plans

D.ideasC10.(

)A.showing

B.running

C.helping

D.tryingBⅡ.阅读理解（2022·南充中考改编）第一节：阅读下面短文，从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题的一个最佳答案。1.Which

situation

is

the

most

dangerous

according

to

the

material?(

)DA.An

old

man

in

a

park.B.A

disabled

woman

in

a

house.C.A

child

in

a

classroom.D.An

outside

worker

at

a

construction

place.2.How

to

avoid

heat-related

deaths

according

to

the

material?(

)B

①Drink

water.

②Stay

cool.

③Go

swimming.

④Wear

light-colored

clothes.A.①②③

B.①②④

C.①③④

D.②③④3.Which

one

can

show

the

relationship

between

time

and

the

temperature

in

a

car?(

)Outside

Temperature

27℃CA.&1&

B.&2&

C.&3&

D.&4&

4.Where

is

the

material

probably

from?(

)AA.A

safety

notice.

B.A

travel

guide.C.A

weather

report.

D.A

car

advertisement.5.What’s

the

purpose

of

the

material?(

)DA.To

warn

people

not

to

stay

in

the

car.B.To

tell

people

the

importance

of

extreme

heat.C.To

remind

people

to

wear

lightweight

clothes.D.To

teach

people

how

to

prevent

heat-related

deaths.第二节：根据短文内容,

从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Our

grandparents

seem

to

have

magic

powers

sometimes.

Give

them

a

Chinese

lunar（农历的）calendar

and

they

will

know

what

the

weather

will

be

like

days

or

even

months

later.

What’s

the

secret?

They

are

following

the

24

Solar

Terms（节气）.

6.___

The

United

Nations

added

it

to

the

list

of

Intangible

Cultural

Heritage

of

Humanity（人类非物质文化遗产）in

2016.

The

24

Solar

Terms

began

during

the

ancient

periods.

EAt

that

time,

most

Chinese

people

made

their

living

on

farms.

7.___

But

of

course,

they

had

no

weather

report

or

Internet

to

help

them.

8.___

They

studied

the

sun’s

movement

and

also

paid

attention

to

other

natural

changes

such

as

air

temperature,

water

and

plant

growth（生长）.

9.___

The

terms

became

their

guide

to

farming

work.

For

example,

the

solar

term

Jingzhe

（惊蛰）

is

when

insects

wake

up

from

a

long

sleep

in

the

cold

winter.

10.___

The

24

Solar

Terms

is

regarded

as

China’s

fifth

great

invention,

after

papermaking,

printing,

the

compass（指南针）

and

gunpowder（火药）.

Now,

it

is

still

widely

used

in

daily

life

even

in

the

age

of

technology-based

modern

farming.ADGBA.

So

weather

changes

were

important

for

them.B.

Farmers

take

it

as

a

sign

of

warm

weather

and

get

busy

working.C.

It

was

warm

and

sunny

until

the

weekend,

but

then

the

weather

broke.D.

But

people

found

a

way.E.

They

are

an

important

part

of

Chinese

culture.F.

The

weather

was

really

bad—it

rained

almost

every

day

of

the

holiday.G.

In

the

end,

they

worked

out

the

24

Solar

Terms

to

mark

the

changes.Ⅲ.短文填空

用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次,每空限填一个单词。）place,

long,

baby,

be,

importance,

grow,

plant,

change,

warm,

short

In

many

places

the

weather

changes

during

the

year.

These

1.________

are

called

seasons.

In

the

north

and

south

there

are

four

seasons

in

a

year.

At

the

North

Pole

and

the

South

Pole,

there

are

only

two

seasons.

In

tropical（热带）

places

near

the

Earth’s

equator（赤道），

changesthere

are

two

seasons：a

“wet”

season

and

a

“dry”

season.

Each

season

brings

changes.

They

are

2._________

for

plants

and

animals

that

live

in

different

parts

of

the

world.

Spring

starts

when

the

day

and

night

3.____

the

same

length.

The

weather

gets

warmer

and

sunnier.

4._______

start

to

grow.

Many

animals

have

their

5._______

in

spring.

Summer

begins

on

the

longest

day

of

the

year.

In

the

north

this

is

on

June

21

or

22.

Summer

is

usually

the

6.________

and

sunniest

time

importantarePlantsbabieswarmestof

the

year.

Fruit

grows

faster

on

trees

and

plants.

Young

animals

grow

bigger

and

stronger.

Autumn

starts

when

the

day

and

night

are

the

same

7._______

again.

During

autumn,the

leaves

change

color

and

fall

down

from

the

trees.

Some

animals

collect

food

before

winter

comes.

Winter

begins

on

the

8.________

day

of

the

year.

In

the

north

this

is

on

December

21

or

22.

The

weather

is

colder

and

in

some

places

there

is

lots

of

snow.

Plants

and

trees

stop

9.________.

Some

animals,

like

bats

and

bears,find

10._______

to

hide

and

sleep.

This

is

called

hibernation.lengthshortestgrowingplacesⅣ.任务型阅读

（2021·泰安中考改编）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。

Scientists

say

they’ve

developed

a

new

system（系统）.

It

can

use

“machine

learning”

to

predict

when

and

where

lightning（闪电）will

strike（闪击）.

The

research

was

led

by

engineers

from

Switzerland.

European

researchers

have

estimated（估算）

between

6

000

and

24

000

people

are

killed

by

lightning

worldwide

each

year.

The

strikes

can

also

cause

power

cuts,

destroy

houses

and

start

forest

fires.

For

thesereasons,

some

climate

scientists

have

studied

to

develop

methods

to

predict

and

control

lightning.

But

no

system

has

been

created

to

effectively

predict

lightning.

The

new

system

is

being

tested

in

the

experiments（实验）.

It

used

a

combination

of

data（数据资料）

from

weather

stations

and

machine

learning

methods.

The

researchers

developed

a

prediction

model.

It

was

trained

to

tell

weather

conditions

that

were

possible

to

cause

lightning.

The

model

was

created

with

some

data.

The

data

was

collected

over

a

12-year

period

from

12

Swiss

weather

stations

in

cities

and

mountain

areas.

The

data

related

to（与……有关）four

main