2019年专业英语四级（TEM4）考试真题

2019年专业英语四级（TEM4）考试真题一、PARTⅠDICTATIONSLANGWeoftenuseslangexpressionswhenwetalkbecausetheyaresovividandcolorful.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________音频__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：（SLANGWeoftenuseslangexpressionswhenwetalkbecausetheyaresovividandcolorful.①However,theyareusually

outofplaceinformalwritingbecauseofanumberofdrawbacks.②Theygooutofdatequicklyandbecometiresomeif

usedtoomuch.③Andtheymaycommunicateclearlytosomereadersbutnottoothers.④Ingeneral,weshouldavoid

theuseofslanginourwriting.）【难点点评】

（1）句①中，drawback意为“缺点”，注意名词复数。

（2）句②中，tiresome意为“令人厌烦的”；听音时需注意used为过去分词形式。

（3）句③中，And首字母要大写。

（4）句④中，Ingeneral与主句之间要用逗号隔开。二、PARTⅡLISTENINGCOMPREHENSION三、SECTIONATALKRevisionofEssayDraftsTheinitialrevisionshouldfocusontheessayasawhole.

Thefirststep:（1）________

•

theroughdraft

——containingtoolittleortoomuchmaterial

——discussingthingsunrelatedto（2）________

•

howtorevise

——provide（3）________toconvinceyourreaders

——eliminateunrelatedmaterial

Thesecondstep:revisefororganization

•

groupsimilarideasintheproperorder

•

produceanoutlinefromthedrafttocheck（4）________

Thethirdstep:reviseforlength

•

mindthestatedlength

•

stickto（5）________

Revisefor（6）________oftheessay

•

（7）________bybreakingupsomelongersentences

•

useshortsentencestomakeimportantpoints

•

uselongsentencesto（8）________

•

eliminate（9）________expressions

•

usefreshandinterestingdescriptions

•

writewith（10）________asmuchaspossible

•

writeintheactivevoice音频（1）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：（reviseforcontent）（录音提到“Inordertoanswerthesequestions,whatyouneedtodofirstistoreviseforcontent”，即修改论文首先要修改目录。故本题填入reviseforcontent。）（2）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：（（your）majorpoints）（录音提到“...itmayhavediscussedthingsthatdonotcontributesignificantlytoyourmajorpoints”，即论文大纲可能会有很多与文章无关的内容。故本题填入（your）majorpoints。）（3）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：（sufficientevidence）（录音提到“Yourreaderneedssufficientevidencetoacceptwhatyouaresaying...”，即读者需要足够的论据才会认同你的观点。故本题填入sufficientevidence。）（4）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：（thelogic）（录音提到“Ifyoufinditeasytoproduceanoutline...aclearlogictotheflowofthecontent”，即如果论文大纲在草稿中一目了然，就说明文章逻辑清晰。故本题填入thelogic。）（5）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：（aself-imposedlimit）（录音提到“Butevenifthereisnostatedlimit,oryouareallowedtowriteaslongasyoulike,pleaseadheretoaself-imposedlimit...”，即使论文不限长度，也要自己设定长度限制，如果没有需要长篇大论才能解释清楚的内容，就一定要将论文限制在自己设定的长度以内。故本题填入aself-imposedlimit。）（6）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：（components）（录音提到“Thenextstepistoreviseforcomponentsoftheessay,includingtheparagraphs,sentencesandindividualwords”，即下一步就是修改论文的各个组成部分，包括段落、句子和措辞。故本题填入components。）（7）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：（providesentencevariety）（录音提到“Well,Isuggestyouavoidthisbybreakingupsomeofthelongersentencestoprovidevariety”，即建议我们拆分长难句，使句式多样化。故本题填入providesentencevariety。）（8）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：（explaincomplexideas）（录音提到“Useshortsentencestomakeimportantpoints,andlongsentencestoexplaincomplexideas”，即用短句阐述重点，用长句解释复杂的观点。故本题填入explaincomplexideas。）（9）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：（impreciseorwordy）（录音提到“Fordiction,averyimportanttipistoeliminateimpreciseorwordylanguage”，即删去模棱两可或冗长的话。故本题填入impreciseorwordy。）（10）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：（nounsandverbs）（录音提到“Trytowriteasmuchaspossiblewithnounsandverbs...”，即尽量多使用名词和动词。故本题填入nounsandverbs。）【录音原文】RevisionofEssayDraftsGoodmorning,everyone.Intoday‘slecture,I'mgoingtotalkabouthowtoreviseessaydraftsandgiveyousometipsaswell.

Theinitialrevisionshould,ofcourse,focusontheessayasawhole.You‘daskyourself—DoIreachmywriting

objective?Doesmyessaydirectlyanswerthequestion?Ismymainideaclear?[1]Inordertoanswerthesequestions,whatyouneedtodofirstistoreviseforcontent.Thetypicalroughdraftmayhavetoolittleandtoomuchcontent,allat

thesametime.Itwillhavetouchedthesurfaceofsomeportionsoftheessay,withoutprovidingadequateexplanationor

convincingdetail.[2]Atthesametime,itmayhavediscussedthingsthatdonotcontributesignificantlytoyourmajor

points.So,whatisagoodessaythen?Agoodessayeliminatesirrelevantmaterialwhileincludingalltheinformation

necessarytoyourmainpoint.[3]Yourreaderneedssufficientevidencetoacceptwhatyouaresaying,soyouhaveto

makesureyouhaveadequatelydevelopedandsupportedyourmainidea.Contentthatisunrelatedtothemainidea

shouldbeeliminated.Then,whatisthesecondstepinrevision?Thatisrevisefororganization.Awell-organizedessaywillgroupsimilar

ideastogetherandputthemintheproperorder.[4]Ifyoufinditeasytoproduceanoutlinefromyourdraft,thismeans

thatthereisaclearlogictotheflowofthecontent,andyoucanbereasonablycertainthatyouhaveawell-orderedessay.Otherwise,reorderyourcontent.Thethirdstepyouareadvisedtotakeistoreviseforlength.Isyouressayapproximatelytherightlength?Ifitis

substantiallylongerthanthestatedlimit,youhavetoconsiderreducingthesupportingmaterial.[5]Butevenifthereisno

statedlimit,oryouareallowedtowriteaslongasyoulike,pleaseadheretoaself-imposedlimitand,unlessaddressinga

topicthatneedslengthyexplanation,sticktoit.ThestepsIhavementionedsofaractuallyrefertorevisionofanessayasawhole.[6]Thenextstepistorevisefor

componentsoftheessay,includingtheparagraphs,sentencesandindividualwords.Youmayask,howamIgoingto

reviseparagraphs?Well,I‘dsayaparagraphisnotarbitrarilyformed.Itshouldrevolvearoundanidea,atheme.Letme

tellyouonewaytoreviseparagraphs.Isolateaparagraphatatimeandmakesureitrunssmoothlyandisnotmerelya

bunchofunrelatedstatementsputtogether.Asforrevisionofsentencesandwords,mostessaywriterspileononelongsentenceafteranother.[7]Well,I

suggestyouavoidthisbybreakingupsomeofthelongersentencestoprovidevariety.[8]Useshortsentencestomake

importantpoints,andlongsentencestoexplaincomplexideas.Alsotrytouseavarietyofsentencestructurestomaintain

readerinterest.Eliminatesentencesthatsoundawkwardwhenreadaloud.[9]Fordiction,averyimportanttipistoeliminateimpreciseorwordylanguage.Forexample,use“although”insteadof“despitethefactthat”.Trytoaddvigortoyourwritingbyremovingclichésandusefreshandinteresting

descriptions.[10]Trytowriteasmuchaspossiblewithnounsandverbs,ratherthanprimarilywithadjectivesthatslow

thepaceandreduceimpact.Similarly,writeintheactive,notthepassivevoice.Now,letmejustrepeatwhatIhavesaidtoday.Revisionisimportant.Whenyoureviseyourdraftasawhole,pay

attentiontocontent,organizationandlength.But,don‘tforgettoreviseyouressayindetail.Revisionofsentencesand

wordscanalsomaketheessaymoreinterestingtoreaders.四、SECTIONBCONVERSATIONSConversationOne

Questions1to5arebasedonConversationOne.音频（1）.

A.Writer.

B.Wells.

C.WriterWells.

√

D.SusanWriterWells.细节题。对话中男士提到女士的名字是SusanWriterWells。其中，Susan是名，WriterWells是姓。故选C。（2）.

A.Shewasacareerwoman.

B.Shewasthenafeminist.

√

C.Shedidn‘tlikehermaidenname.

D.Shetookherhusband‘ssurname.细节题。对话中女士提到“Youknowmymomwasafeminist...”，可知Susan的妈妈是女权主义者。故选B。（3）.

A.Shenamedherselfafterherprofession.

√

B.Shenamedherselfafterherhometown.

C.Shenamedherselfafteradayoftheweek.

D.Shenamedherselfafterthesculptor.细节题。对话中女士提到“Andbecausemymomwasajournalist,shedecidedtocallherselfCindyWriter”，可知，Susan的母亲当时是记者，所以选择了Writer，也就是自己的职业作为姓氏。故选A。（4）.

A.Itgiveswomengreaterequality.

B.Itisagoodsolutiontoanoldproblem.

C.Theproblemtroublingfeministsstillremains.

√

D.Thesurnameproblemhaspartlybeensolved.推断题。当讨论到意大利的孩子仍然使用父姓时，男士说到“wearebacktotheoldproblem...Themenwinoutagain”，即男性仍然是胜出者，老问题仍然存在。由此可知，让女权主义者困扰的问题依然存在。故选C。（5）.

A.HistoryofsurnamesinAmerica.

B.Feministmovementinthe1960s.

C.TraditionalsurnamesinEurope.

D.Reasonsforinventingsurnames.

√主旨题。对话开头男士说女士的名字听起来像编的，女士承认确实是这样，并指出在20世纪60年代，很多女性想摆脱男性的束缚，拒绝使用父姓，并自编姓氏。女士提到，自己的母亲当时是一位记者，于是以职业为姓。很多其他的女权主义者会根据自己的职业、出生地或是一个星期中的某一天来选择姓氏。而对话中女士自己的姓氏是由父亲和母亲的姓氏合在一起组成的。因此本段对话的主题就是自选姓氏。故选D。【录音原文】

M:Helloandwelcometotoday‘sprogram.I‘mJames.

W:AndI‘mSusan.

M:Todaywearegoingtotalkaboutfamilynames.Susan,I‘veoftenwonderedwhyyou‘vegotadouble-barrelled

surname.Imean,youareAmerican,andIthoughtitwasonlyusBritswhowentforthingslikethat.[1]SusanWriter

Wells,itsoundsalmostinvented,doesn‘tit?

W:Well,you‘reactuallynotfaroffthemark.[2]Youknowmymomwasafeminist,don‘tyou?

M:Really?Ineverknewthat.Well,goonthen.

W:Yeah.Well,hermaidennamewasMorse.Andatthattime,I‘mtalkingaboutthelate1960s,womenlikemymom

werereallytryingtoliberatethemselvesfrommalebondage,astheycalledit.So,someofthembeganrejecting

theirfather‘ssurnameanddecidedtoinventtheirownsurnameinstead.[3]Andbecausemymomwasajournalist,shedecidedtocallherselfCindyWriter.

M:CindyWriter.Well,whowouldhaveguessed?

W:Actually,otherfeministsnamethemselvesafterthetownwheretheywereborn,likethesculptorJudyBoston.Some

evencalledthemselvesafteradayoftheweek.

M:Oh,yes.Wasn‘ttheresomeonecalledVictoriaFriday?Ormaybeshe‘sgotnothingtodowithit.Butyourmomwasn‘tsomuchofafeministthatshedidn‘tgetmarried,wasshe?

W:No.Buttheproblemthenwaswhattocallherselforratherherchildren.Anyway,alotofpeopleofhergeneration

simplydecidedtoaddtheirhusbands‘nametotheirown.Mydad‘scalledPaulWells,soI‘mSusanWriterWells.

M:Sowhatwouldhappenifyou,SusanWriterWells,meetsomeguywho‘scalledPeterPainterJones?Doyouthen

becomeSusanWriterWellsPainterJones?Bitofamouthful,isn‘tit?

W:Nocomment.IthinkthemostsensiblethingtodoistodowhattheydoincountrieslikeItaly.

M:Whatdoyoumean?

​​​​​​W:Well,overtherethewomankeepshermaidennameprettymuchforallpurposes,likebankaccounts,identitycards,andthemanobviouslykeepshisname.

M:Whataboutthechildrenthen?

W:Well,theykeeptheirfather‘sname.

M:[4]So,wearebacktotheoldproblem,aren‘twe?Themenwinoutagain?

W:Yeah,butonesolutioncouldbeforthesonstokeeptheirfathers‘nameandthedaughtertheirmothers‘.

M:Well,thatmightbeagoodidea.

W:OK.That‘stheendoftoday‘sprogram.Don‘tforgettojoinusagainsoon.

1.Whatisthewoman‘sfamilyname?

2.Whydidhermotherrejecthermaidenname?

3.Howdidhermotherinventanewsurname?

4.WhatdoesthemanthinkofthepracticeinItaly?

5.Whatistheprogrammainlyabout?ConversationTwo

Questions6to10arebasedonConversationTwo.音频（1）.

A.Areporterfromaweeklyprogram.

B.Anexecutivedirectorfromacompany.

C.Aguestonaweeklyprogram.

√

D.AmagazineeditorfromSanDiego.推断题。对话开头男士提到“Welcometoourweeklyprogram...Here‘sJanetSmith,seniordirectorfromDOSExecutiveSearchFirminSanDiego”，可以推断，男士正在录制一档每周一期的节目，而女士JanetSmith是这期节目的嘉宾。故选C。（2）.

A.Topreparealistofthingsthatyouhavedone.

B.Toletyourbossknowthatyouwantapayrise.

C.Toleteverybodyknowyourachievement.

D.Toshamelesslypromoteyourselftoyourboss.

√细节题。男士问女士怎样可以加薪，女士回答了他，之后男士总结说“So,youhavetoshamelesslypromoteyourselfthen”，即那就必须得厚着脸皮推销自己了。故选D。（3）.

A.Becausethebosshasthedataonyourwork.

B.Becauseyouwillbegivenmoreworktodo.

C.Becauseitisunprofessionaltodoso.

D.Becauseothersmaylosetrustinyou.

√细节题。对话中女士提到“So,thesecondpointisdon‘toverstate,becauseifyoulie,youarereallygoingtolosealotofcredibilityonthethingsthatyouactuallydiddowell”，即不要夸大事实，如果谎言被拆穿，则容易失去别人对你的信任。故选D。（4）.

A.Wecouldearnpraisefromourboss.

B.Wemayforgetthegoodthingswe‘vedon正确答案:E

C.Thingschangequicklyinworksituations.

D.Thebosswillreviewourperformancedata.细节题。女士给出的第三条建议是提前想一想。当男士询问原因时，女士回答道“Alotofpeopleforgetthethingsthatthey‘vedonethataregood”，即因为很多人会忘记自己以前出色的业绩。故选B。（5）.

A.Websites.

√

B.Radioprograms.

C.Researchreports.

D.Governmentdocuments.细节题。女士给出的最后一条建议是“Youcanresearchcompetitivewagesforyour,ur,particularjobateithersalary.com,salaryexpert.comorbls.gov.”，即在网上查询一下自己从事职业的薪水情况。故选A。【录音原文】

M:[6]Welcometoourweeklyprogram.Well,ifyouwanttogetaraiseatwork,butyoujustdon‘tnextguesthassomehelpfultipsonhowtoraiseyourpaybyhelpingyounegotiatewiththeboss.[6]Here‘sJanetknowhowtoask,our

Smith,seniordirectorfromDOSExecutiveSearchFirminSanDiego.Hi,Janet.Howdowegetaraise?

W:Well,wefoundinourreportthattherearereallyfourthingsthatyoucoulddo.[7]Thefirststepwasmakingsure

yourbossknewwhatyouareupto.Hecan‘tseeeverything.Andyouhavetomakesureheknowsyou‘rehere

contributingtothebottomline.

M:Well,thatcouldbebragging,though.[7]So,youhavetoshamelesslypromoteyourselfthen.

W:Maybenotshame-free,youdon‘twanttoberude.Buteverynowandagain,ifyoudidsomethingthat‘sreallynoteworthy,letthemknow,ortogetpraisedfromsomebodyelse.

M:So,shouldyoujustputtogetheralistofthingsyou‘vedoneandhandittoyourboss?

W:Itdoesn‘twork,becausethebossgenerallyhasthedatatocheckuponyou.[8]So,thesecondpointisdon‘t

overstate,becauseifyoulie,youarereallygoingtolosealotofcredibilityonthethingsthatyouactuallydiddowell.M:Right.Definitely.

W:OK.So,whatyouwanttodoistopointoutsomeofthethingsthatyou‘vedone,butbehonestaboutit,andonlytakecreditwherecreditisdue.

M:That‘scorrect.

W:Andthird,youmaythinkahead.

M:Whatdoyoumeanbythat?

W:[9]Alotofpeopleforgetthethingsthatthey‘vedonethataregood,sooneofthethingsthatwefoundwasthatit

wasreallyhelpfulifyoukeptadiaryofthethingsthatyou‘vedonethatworkextraordinary.Andthencomewith

reviewtime,you‘reprepared,andyoureallyshouldbepreparingabout,youknow,threemonthsinadvancetowin

yourperformancetributes.

M:That‘sagoodidea.Allright,thenwhat‘sthelastpoint?

W:[10]Thelastpointistogoonline.Youcanresearchcompetitivewagesforyour,ur,particularjobateithersalary.com,salaryexpert.comorbls.gov.Sothat‘ssomeofmyadvice.Andhopefullypeoplewillcheckitout.

M:Yeah,IthinkIwanttogoseemyboss.

W:Yes,youcan,butgetprepared.

M:OK.Janet,thankyouforjoiningus.Weappreciateit.

W:Thankyouverymuch.

6.WhoisJanetSmith?

7.WhatisthefirsttipfromJanet?

8.Whyisitabadideatooverstatewhatyouhavedone?

9.WhyshouldwethinkaheadaccordingtoJanet?

10.Wherecanwecheckcompetitivewages?五、PARTⅢLANGUAGEUSAGE2.Movingfrombeginningtoendbyorderoftime,narrationreliesonamorenaturalpatternoforganizationthan________.

A.willothertypesofwriting

B.doothertypesofwriting

C.onothertypesofwriting

D.othertypesofwriting

√句意：记叙文按照前后时间顺序描写，比其他文体更依赖于自然的组织模式。此处将narration和横线进行比较，因此横线处应与narration保持成分一致，即只需填名词或名词短语。故D为正确答案。3.________theattemptedrescuemission,thehostagesmightstillbealive.

A.Ifitnothadbeenfor

B.Ifhaditnotbeenfor

C.Haditnotbeenfor

√

D.Hadnotitbeenfor句意：要不是因为尝试进行救援，人质可能还活着。主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反，因此从句要使用过去完成时，句子结构为Ifithadnotbeenfor，也可省略If，使用部分倒装，即Haditnotbeenfor...，意为“要不是...”。故C为正确答案。4.MembersoftheParliamentwerepoised________aheadwithabilltoapproveconstructionoftheoilpipeline.

A.tomove

√

B.moving

C.tomoving

D.atmoving句意：议员们准备推进一项批准石油管道建设的法案。bepoisedtodosth.为固定搭配，意为“准备做某事”。故A为正确答案。5.Writersoftencouplednarrationwithothertechniquestodevelopideasandsupportopinionsthatotherwise________abstract,unclear,orunconvincing.

A.mayremain

B.couldremain

C.musthaveremained

D.mighthaveremained

√句意：作家们总是将叙述与其他技巧结合起来，以发展思想并支持自己的观点，否则，这些观点可能仍然是抽象的、不清楚的或者无法令人信服的。此处otherwise引导虚拟条件句，因此应使用虚拟语气。由coupled可知，本句是对过去事实的虚拟，则谓语使用would/should/could/mighthavedone。故D为正确答案。6.Protocolwas________enabledhimtomakedifficultdecisionswithouteverlookingback.

A.who

B.what

√

C.which

D.that句意：协议书使他不用回头就能做出十分艰难的决定。分析句子结构可知，表语从句中缺少主语。who可以作主语，但指人，而本题主句为物，故可排除。which引导表语从句时，一般作宾语，故可排除。that引导表语从句时，不作任何成分，故可排除。what可以引导表语从句，且在句中作主语。故B为正确答案。7.Thewomanhadpersuadedhimtodo________hewashirednevertodo—revealthecombinationforthelockontheentrance.

A.onething

B.suchonething

C.anyonething

D.theonething

√句意：那个女人说服他做了一件他受雇永远不要做的事——透露门锁的密码。根据句意，“女士说服他做了一件事”，要用onething。根据定语从句，“这件事情是别人雇用他永远不要做的”属于特指，因此onething之前还要加上定冠词the。故D为正确答案。8.Thebadnewswasthathecouldbeaverydangerousperson________hechoosetobe.

A.should

√

B.could

C.might

D.must句意：坏消息是，如果他愿意，他可能会是一个非常危险的人。此处hecouldbeaverydangerousperson为虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，因此横线处要填可构成虚拟语气的词，故排除must。由于虚拟条件句使用了倒装结构，因此只有should符合要求。故A为正确答案。9.“Ifnotus,who?Ifnotnow,when?”These-twoquestionsareusedasa________.

A.signofanger

B.callforaction

√

C.refusaltochange

D.denialofcommitment句意：“我们不做，谁来做？现在不行动，何时行动？”这两个问题被用来呼吁行动。callforaction号召行动。signofanger愤怒的迹象。refusaltochange拒绝改变。denialofcommitment拒绝承诺。故B为正确答案。10.Whatisthefunctionofthepresentprogressivein“Theyarealwayscallingmebythewrongname”?

A.Toexpressunfavorablefeelings

√

B.Toalleviateunnecessaryhostility

C.Toindicateuncertainty.

D.Todramatizeafact.句意：在“他们总是叫错我的名字”这句话中，现在进行时的功能是什么？当现在进行时与always、continually、constantly、forever等副词连用时，表示重复的动作，表示不满或满意。因此，此处现在进行时表达了说话人对别人总是把自己名字叫错的不满。故A为正确答案。11.“HarrywascompelledtoresignandtocomedowntoLondon,wherehesetupasanarmycoach.”Therelativeclauseinthesentenceservesto________.

A.supplyadditionalinformationaboutLondon

B.describetheantecedent“London”

C.putrestrictionsontheidentityofHarry

D.narrateasequentialactiontakenbyHarry

√句意：在“哈利被迫辞职后来到伦敦，在那里，他成为了一名军队教练。”这句话中，定语从句的作用是什么？where引导的定语从句描述了哈利到达伦敦之后的动作，但没有提供更多关于伦敦的信息，没有描述先行词London，也没有限定哈利的身份。故D为正确答案。12.Agroup________casinoshasurgedofficialsnottograntalicensetoafacilityinthecity.

A.opposedto

√

B.objectedto

C.posedagainst

D.protestedagainst句意：反对开赌场的人们强烈要求官员不要给这个城市的赌博设施发放许可证。beopposedto为固定搭配，作group的后置定语，符合句意。objectedto与protestedagainst均为动词短语，与主语Agroup之间构成主谓关系，应用主动形式。posedagainst为错误搭配，即可排除B、C、D项。故A为正确答案。13.Afterthewar,heworkedonanislandinthePacific,helpingthenativesandmedical________understandeachother‘sbehaviorandcultures.

A.faculty

B.persons

C.members

D.personnel

√句意：战争结束后，他在太平洋的一个岛上工作，帮助当地人和医务人员了解彼此的行为和文化。medicalpersonnel为固定搭配，意为“医务人员”。故D为正确答案。14.Thesubjectofmannersiscomplex.Ifitwerenot,therewouldnotbesomany________feelingsandsomuchmisunderstandingininternationalcommunication.

A.injurious

B.injured

√

C.injuring

D.injury句意：礼仪是十分复杂的，否则在国际交流中就不会有那么多感情上的伤害和误解了。此处需要填形容词来修饰feelings，且feelings与“伤害”为被动关系，故injured符合题意。injurious有害的。injury为名词。故B为正确答案。15.ToillustratethelimitsofFirstAmendmentfreespeech,manyhavenotedthattheConstitutiondoesnotgiveyoutherighttofalsely________“Fire！”

inacrowdedtheater.

A.yelp

B.yank

C.yell

√

D.yield句意：为了论证第一修正案言论自由的局限性，许多人指出宪法并没有赋予你权利，在拥挤的剧院里大声呼喊，谎称“着火了”。yell呼喊，大叫。yelp（因疼痛等）尖叫。yank猛拉。yield生产；屈服。故C为正确答案。16.Thecompanyannouncedthatithasachieveditsmissiontocreatealocalfoodeconomythatis________toanyenvironment.

A.adoptable

B.amendable

C.alterable

D.adaptable

√句意：该公司宣布已经完成了自己的使命，创立了个可以适应任何环境的地方食品经济。adaptable有适应能力的，能适应的。adoptable可采用的；可收养的。amendable可修正的。alterable可改变的。故D为正确答案。17.AlthoughPattersonacknowledgesthedisappointingseasonhehadwiththeVikings,hehasnosecond________abouthowhewentabouthisbusiness.

A.thoughts

√

B.opinions

C.concerns

D.reasons句意：虽然帕特森承认他在维京人队度过了一个令人失望的赛季，但他对自己的职业生涯并没有其他想法。havesecondthoughts为固定搭配，意为“（重新考虑后）改变主意”。secondopinion（由另一位专家提出的）第二意见。C、D项均为错误搭配。故A为正确答案。18.Electroniccigarettesshouldbesubject________thesametaxesandlimitationsonpublicuseastraditionaltobaccoproducts.

A.about

B.at

C.to

√

D.on句意：电子香烟应该和传统烟草产品一样纳税，并同样限制其在公共区域的使用。besubjectto为固定搭配，意为“使经受，使遭受”。故C为正确答案。19.FCBarcelona,________themosticonicclubinworldsoccer,beatManchesterUnited2-0toclaimtheUEFAChampionsLeaguetitle.

A.controversially

B.arguably

√

C.debatably

D.finally句意：巴塞罗那以2:0击败曼联，夺得了欧洲冠军联赛的冠军，可以说是世界足球史上最具标志性的俱乐部。arguably可以说，可论证地。controversially引起争论地。debatably可争辩地，有争议地。finally最终。故B为正确答案。20.Thestoresellsliquidvitamins________designedforchildrenunder3.

A.explicitly

B.specially

C.speculatively

D.specifically

√句意：这家商店出售专为3岁以下儿童设计的液态维生素。specifically特定地，专门地。explicitly明白地，明确地。specially尤其，特别。speculatively思索地；投机地。故D为正确答案。21.Thethreelaw________officersontheplanecametotherescueofafellowpassengerwhowasallegedlytryingtokillherself.

A.enforcement

√

B.reinforcement

C.imposition

D.coercion句意：飞机上的三名执法人员拯救了一名据称企图自的乘客。lawenforcementofficer为固定搭配，意

为“执法人员”。reinforcement援军；加强。imposition颁布；（新税的）征收。coercion强迫，胁迫。故A为正确答案。六、PARTⅣCLOZEA.daydream

B.disagreement

C.factually

D.if

E.inevitable

F.inseparable

G.lays

H.making

I.perspective

J.resides

K.that

L.thinking

M.thoughtfully

N.ultimately

O.wakeTosomethinkers,itismachinesandtheirdevelopmentthatdriveeconomicandculturalchange.Thisideaisreferred

toastechnologicaldeterminism.CertainlytherecanbenodoubtthatmachinescontributedtotheProtestantReformation

andthedeclineoftheCatholicChurch‘spowerinEuropeor【A1】________televisionhaschangedthewayfamilymembers

interact.Thosewhobelieveintechnologicaldeterminismwouldarguethatthesechangesintheculturallandscapewerethe

【A2】________resultofnewtechnology.Butothersseetechnologyasmoreneutralandclaimthatthewaypeopleusetechnologyiswhatgivesitsignificance.

This【A3】________acceptstechnologyasoneofmanyfactorsthatshapeeconomicandculturalchange;technology‘s

influenceis【A4】________determinedbyhowmuchpoweritisgivenbythepeopleandculturesthatuseit.This【A5】________aboutthepoweroftechnologyisattheheartofthecontroversysurroundingthenewcommunication

technologies.Arewemoreorlesspowerlessinthe【A6】________ofadvancessuchastheInternet,theWorldWideWeb,and

instantglobalaudioandvisualcommunication?Ifweareatthemercyoftechnology,theculturethatsurroundsuswillnot

beofour【A7】________,andthebestwecanhopetodoismakeourwayreasonablywellinaworldoutsideourowncontrol.

Butifthesetechnologiesareindeedneutralandtheirpower【A8】________inhowwechoosetousethem,wecanutilizethem

responsiblyand【A9】________toconstructandmaintainwhateverkindofculturewewant.Asfilmdirectorandtechnophile

SteveSpielbergexplained,“Technologycanbeourbestfriend,andtechnologycanalsobethebiggestpartypooperofour

lives.Itinterruptsourownstory,interruptsourabilitytohaveathoughtor【A10】________,toimaginesomethingwonderful.”（1）.【A1】填空项1:__________________

（正确答案：K）that。分析句子结构可知，空格后的句子与or之前的that所引导的从句为并列结构。因此，空格处也应填入一个能够引导名词性从句的词。由于or前后两个句子并列，引导词应保持一致，故填that。（2）.【A2】填空项1:__________________

（正确答案：E）inevitable。空格前为定冠词the，空格后为名词result。因此，空格处需填入形容词修饰后面的名词。根据句意，这里表示“那些相信技术决定论的人会争辩说文化景观的改变是新技术的必然结果”，故填inevitable，意为“不可避免的，必然的”。（3）.【A3】填空项1:__________________

（正确答案：I）perspective。分析句子结构可知，空格处为句子的主语，空格前为指示代词This，指代前一句提到的观点，故填perspective。（4）.【A4】填空项1:__________________

（正确答案：N）ultimately。分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰后面的过去分词determined。因此，空格处应填入副词。本句意为“科技的影响力最终取决于人类和文化”，故填ultimately，意为“最后，最终”。（5）.【A5】填空项1:__________________

（正确答案：B）disagreement。由于空格处为句子的主语，且空格前为指示代词This，故应填入名词来充当主语。此处意为“这种关于技术力量的分歧是新通信技术争论的核心”，故填disagreement，意为“分歧；不一致”。（6）.【A6】填空项1:__________________

（正确答案：O）wake。inthewakeofsth.为固定搭配，意为“随...之后而来”，此处意为“随着互联网、万维网和即时全球音视频交流等科技的进步，我们是不是变得有些无能为力了？”，故填wake。（7）.【A7】填空项1:__________________

（正确答案：H）making。空格前为形容词性物主代词，因此，空格处应填入名词。本句意为“假如我们任科技摆布，那么周围的文化就不再由我们自己创造”，故填making。（8）.【A8】填空项1:__________________

（正确答案：J）resides。分析句子结构可知，此处由and连接两个并列分句，空格处缺第二个分句的谓语部分。因此，空格处需填入动词，且与第一个分句时态一致。本句意为“如果科技是中立的，而且科技的力量由人们使用它方式来决定”。故填resides，residein意为“在于，由...造成”。（9）.【A9】填空项1:__________________

（正确答案：M）thoughtfully。分析句子结构可知，空格处与副词responsibly并列，共同修饰谓语utilize。因此，空格处应填入副词。本句意为“如果科技是中立的，而且科技的力量由人们使用它方式来决定，人们就能负责任地且深思熟虑地使用科技，就能构建、维护我们想要的文化”，故填thoughtfully，意为“深思熟虑地”。（10）.【A10】填空项1:__________________

（正确答案：A）daydream。分析句子结构可知，空格处与athought并列，作have的宾语。因此，空格处应填入名词。此处意在表达“科技可以成为我们最好的朋友，也可能是我们生活中最让人烦恼的东西。它会扰乱我们的生活，打断我们的思考和幻想，让我们无法继续奇思妙想”。故填daydream，意为“白日梦；幻想”。【全文翻译】

对一些思想家来说，推动经济和文化变革的是机器及其发展。这个观点被称为技术决定论。当然，不可否认，机器导致了新教改革和欧洲天主教的衰落，电视也改变了家庭成员之间的互动方式。那些相信技术决定论的人会认为，这些文化景观的变化是新技术带来的必然结果。

但也有人认为科技是中立的，并声称是人类使用科技的方式使科技具有了重要意义。这种观点认为科技是影响经济和文化变化的因素之一；科技的影响力最终取决于使用它的人类和文化赋予它多大权力。

这种关于科技力量的分歧是围绕新通信技术的争议的核心。随着互联网、万维网和即时全球音视频交流等科技的进步，我们是不是变得有些无能为力了？如果我们任由科技摆布，那么我们周围的文化将不再由我们自己创造，等待我们的最好的结果就是在一个我们无法控制的世界中尽可能走好自己的路。但是，如果这些科技是中立的，并且科技的力量由人们使用科技的方式来决定，我们就能负责任地、深思熟虑地使用科技，就能构建并维护我们想要的文化。正如电影导演、科技爱好者史蒂夫·斯皮尔伯格所解释的那样，“科技可以成为我们最好的朋